JP4895738B2 - 3D image display device and program for realizing the display device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional video display device that converts an object defined in a three-dimensional virtual space into a two-dimensional image projected onto a screen by a projection method and displays the same on a monitor, and in particular, a plurality of objects of each object. 3D that calculates the parameter value and performs image processing by changing the image processing coefficient set for the object only when the calculated parameter value is within the range set for each image processing coefficient. video display device, in which about the program for implementing the display device of that.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a game apparatus that displays a game development using video using three-dimensional computer graphics (hereinafter referred to as “CG”) is known. In a three-dimensional CG image used in this type of game device, generally, each object arranged in a three-dimensional virtual space is perspectively projected from a predetermined viewpoint to create a two-dimensional image of each frame.

  When the main character operated by the operator is displayed at a predetermined size in the center of the monitor, the viewpoint at which the perspective projection is performed is set at a position spaced apart from the main character. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, there may be an object such as a rock 102 between the viewpoint and the main character 101. Depending on the size of this object, the main character in the two-dimensional image projected by the perspective projection 101 may be hidden. If the main character 101 is not projected on the monitor, the posture and movement of the main character 101 cannot be recognized, and the operator has a trouble in the operation.

  In order to avoid such a situation, as shown in FIG. 13, there is an invention in which the rock 102 is subjected to a permeation process so that the main character 101 can be seen. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 3141737, in the case where an object is observed from the viewpoint and overlapped between the viewpoint and the subject, when the subject and the object are in a predetermined overlapping state, a predetermined transmission process (mesh) is applied to the object. Processing, translucent processing, wire frame processing, etc.).

Japanese Patent No. 3141737

  However, the invention described in the above publication performs the transmission process on the object only when the object hides the subject, and does not perform the transmission process when the object hides the object at a place unrelated to the subject. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, when the missile 103 is flying toward the main character 101 that is the subject, and the missile 103 is hidden behind an object such as the rock 102 on the near side (viewpoint side), the rock 102 Since the transmission process is not performed unless it overlaps the main character 101, the operator cannot recognize the missile 103 until just before. When the operator can recognize the missile 103, in order to prevent a situation where the missile 103 is too close to the main character 101 and there is no way for the operator to prevent the missile 103, when the rock 102 is located near the center of the monitor, Even when a certain distance from the viewpoint is approached, it is necessary to perform the permeation process on the rock 102.

  In the invention described in the above publication, the transmission process is performed if the conditions are met, and the transmission process is not performed if the conditions are not met. That is, it is not assumed that the transmittance is changed only by switching whether to perform the transmission process. For example, if the object is part of the main character, the object is subjected to a transmission process with a predetermined transmittance, and the object suddenly becomes translucent. Originally, since it is unnatural to transmit, it is accepted without a sense of incongruity that transmission processing is initially performed with a small transmittance even if the conditions are met, and the transmittance is gradually increased.

  In addition, image processing such as blurring processing on rocks that are located at a certain angle or more than the direction of the line of sight, or processing to make them reddish as the color of the missiles approaching the viewpoint approaches. If it can be set to, visibility can be improved and a realistic screen display can be performed.

  The invention of the present application has been conceived under the circumstances described above, and each of the objects including the subject and the object is provided with a condition. If the condition is met, the object is set. The transparency processing is performed using the transmittance calculated by the calculated program, and when the other conditions are met, the blur processing is performed using the blurring rate calculated by the calculation program set for the object. 3D video display device using the color change rate calculated by the calculation program set for the object, and a game device provided with the display device, It is an object to provide a program and a recording medium for realizing the display device.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.

A program provided by the first aspect of the present invention creates a two-dimensional image of each object by projecting one or more objects arranged in a three-dimensional virtual space from a predetermined viewpoint. an image forming means, the two-dimensional image created by the image creation unit, image processing means for performing one or more predetermined image processing using one or more image processing coefficients, by the image processing unit display control means for displaying a three-dimensional image having a two-dimensional image which the image processing has been performed on the display unit, for each of the image processing coefficient before Symbol each object, condition with one or more predetermined parameters When, a reading means for reading a calculation program for calculating the pre-Symbol image processing coefficient from the storage unit, for each of the object, parameter values calculated for calculating the value of said predetermined parameter Means, a determining means that the value of the parameter calculated by the pre-Symbol parameter value calculating means determines whether or not prior meet Kijo matter, when it is determined to satisfy the condition by the determining means, the corresponding obtains an image processing coefficient for each image processing using the calculation program, characterized in that to function as an image processing coefficient setting means for setting said image processing means. (Claim 1).

The predetermined parameter includes at least a distance of the object with respect to the predetermined viewpoint, and an angle formed by a direction from the predetermined viewpoint to the object and a direction from the predetermined viewpoint to the center point of the projection screen. (Claim 2). The front Kijo matter, said distance and based on the angle, divided relative position of the object relative to the predetermined viewpoint to two ranges, if it (claims in one of the conditions each object located in any range Item 3). In addition, it further comprises a time measuring means for measuring a time during which the state in which the object is determined to satisfy the first condition that the object is located in one of the two ranges is continued by the determining means, The image processing coefficient setting means satisfies the second condition in which the time measured by the time measuring means falls within a predetermined time range when the determining means determines that the first condition is satisfied. When the image processing coefficient is calculated and set in the image processing means using a calculation program corresponding to satisfaction of the first condition and the second condition, and the second condition is not satisfied May set a predetermined fixed value in the image processing means as the image processing coefficient. Further, in the image processing, transparent processing, and includes blurring said image processing coefficients, other transparently rate, is the or at blur factor (Claim 5). Further, the image processing, the transmission processing, and includes color changing process, the image processing coefficients, other transparently rate, may is a color change rate (Claim 6).

Further, the predetermined parameter includes at least an occupation ratio of the two-dimensional image created by the image creating means with respect to the projection screen , and the condition includes a condition related to the occupation ratio. Good (Claim 7).

The condition relating to the occupancy rate may be a condition that divides the occupancy rate into two ranges and to which range each object belongs.

And a second timing unit that counts a time during which the state in which the occupation rate is determined to satisfy the third condition belonging to one of the two ranges is continued by the determination unit . The image processing coefficient setting means includes a second time counting means for determining whether the time measured by the second time measuring means falls within a predetermined time range when the determining means determines that the third condition is satisfied. When the condition 4 is satisfied, the image processing coefficient is calculated by the image processing coefficient setting unit using a calculation program corresponding to the satisfaction of the third condition and the fourth condition, and the image processing coefficient is set in the image processing unit. set, the fourth when non satisfy the condition, the Jo Tokoro fixed value may be set to the image processing unit as the image processing coefficient (claim 9).

A 3D image display device provided by the second aspect of the present invention is recorded in the program recording unit for recording the program according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and the program recording unit. And a computer for executing the program (claim 10).

  According to the present invention, a plurality of parameter values are calculated for each object, and when these parameter values are within the parameter value range set for the object, the transmission calculated by the set calculation formula is used. Since the transparency processing is performed using the rate, by setting the parameter value range and the formula for calculating the transmittance, the object can be drawn transparently with a predetermined transmittance under a predetermined condition. Also, when the calculated parameter value is within the range of another parameter value, the blurring process is performed using the blurring rate calculated by the set formula, so the parameter value range and blurring rate are calculated. By setting an expression, the object can be drawn with a predetermined blurring rate under a predetermined condition. Also, when the calculated parameter value is within the range of another parameter value, the color change processing is performed using the color change rate calculated by the set calculation formula. By setting a calculation formula for the change rate, it is possible to draw the object with a predetermined color change rate and with a predetermined color change rate under a predetermined condition.

  Furthermore, if these image processing coefficient calculation formulas are set so as to be linked to the parameter value, the image processing coefficient changes according to the change in the parameter value. For example, the transparency increases as the object approaches the viewpoint. Further, it is possible to produce a video effect such that the hue changes or the object is drawn as it deviates from the line-of-sight direction.

  Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a game device provided with a 3D video display device according to the present invention. The game apparatus 1 is a television game machine used for home use, and the game program and game data are stored in a memory (RAM) in the apparatus from a DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc-ROM) in which the game program and game data are recorded. And the game program is executed by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) so that the player can enjoy the game contents.

  Although the present embodiment is a home video game machine, the 3D video display device according to the present invention is not limited to a home video game machine, but other types of game machines such as arcade game machines and game machines. The present invention can also be applied to an apparatus using a three-dimensional image by the perspective projection method. In the following description, a battle type game (a game in which a main character and another character fight or fight) will be described as an example of game content.

  The game apparatus 1 includes a CPU 2, a drawing data generation processor 3, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 4, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 5, a drawing processor 6, a VRAM (Video-RAM) 7, and a D / A (Digital-Analog). A converter 8, an audio processor 9, an amplifier 10, an interface (I / F) 11, a DVD-ROM drive 12 and a bus 13 are included.

  A television is connected to the game apparatus 1, and a display device such as a cathode ray tube or a liquid crystal display of the television is used as a monitor 14 externally connected to the D / A converter 8. A speaker built in the television is connected to an amplifier. 10 is used as a speaker 15 connected externally. In the game apparatus 1, a DVD on which a game program and game data (character and background image data, image data for displaying information such as status, sound data such as sound effects and BGM, and message data using characters and symbols) are recorded. A game content can be enjoyed by mounting the ROM 17 on the DVD-ROM drive 12, reading the game program and game data in the DVD-ROM 17 into the RAM 4 by the DVD-ROM drive 12, and executing the game program by the CPU 2. .

  An operation controller 16 is connected to the game apparatus 1 via an interface (I / F) 11, and the player can advance the game by operating an operation member of the operation controller 16.

  The CPU 2, the drawing data generation processor 3, the RAM 4, the ROM 5, the drawing processing processor 6, the sound processing processor 9, the interface (I / F) 11, and the DVD-ROM drive 12 are connected to each other via a bus 13 so that data transmission is possible.

  As described above, the CPU 2 executes the game program read from the DVD-ROM 17 to the RAM 4 by the DVD-ROM drive 12, thereby controlling the game progress in an integrated manner. More specifically, when a player's operation signal is input from the operation controller 16, the CPU 2 performs a predetermined game progress process for the operation signal in accordance with the game program, and the processing result is displayed on the monitor 14 as a three-dimensional image. While displaying, it outputs as a sound effect from the speaker 15.

  Drawing processing of 3D video to be displayed on the monitor 14 is mainly performed by the drawing processing processor 6. The CPU 2 determines the content of the 3D video to be displayed on the monitor 14 based on the player's operation signal from the operation controller 16, and causes the drawing data generation processor 3 to generate the drawing data necessary for the content, The drawing data is transferred to the drawing processor 6 to perform drawing processing. Further, the CPU 2 determines the sound effect or BGM sound content to be output from the speaker 15, causes the sound processor 9 to generate sound data corresponding to the sound content, and outputs the sound data from the speaker 15.

The drawing data generation processor 3 performs various arithmetic processes necessary for the drawing process. The CPU 2 determines an image to be displayed on the monitor 14, and polygon data and texture of image data (main character, other character, background and other objects (hereinafter referred to as “each object”) necessary for drawing the image. Data, light source data, etc.) are read from the RAM 4 and supplied to the drawing data generation processor 3. Further, the CPU 2 supplies operation information input from the operation controller 16 to the drawing data generation processor 3. Based on the image data and operation information supplied from the CPU 2, the drawing data generation processor 3 displays data necessary for drawing (virtual camera in perspective projection, positional relationship of each object, screen screen (corresponding to the screen of the monitor 14 )). The coordinates of the polygons forming each object, the texture corresponding to each polygon, the reflection characteristics of each polygon, etc.) are calculated, and the calculation result is supplied to the drawing processor 6.

  The RAM 4 provides an area for storing the game program and game data read from the DVD-ROM 17 by the DVD-ROM drive 12 and a work area for the CPU 2 to process the game program. In the RAM 4, game programs and game data necessary as the game progresses are read from the DVD-ROM 17 and stored.

  The game program describes processing procedures and various instructions to be executed by the CPU 2, and includes contents for controlling the game screen, sound, and the like according to operation signals from the operation controller 16. include. The game data includes, for example, polygon data and texture data constituting each object, and also includes sound data used as BGM and various sound effects.

  The ROM 5 stores a basic program indicating a basic function of the game apparatus 1 such as a disk loading function and a procedure for reading a game program and game data stored in the DVD-ROM 17. When the DVD-ROM 17 is loaded in the DVD-ROM drive 12, the CPU 2 operates the DVD-ROM drive 12 according to the basic program in the ROM 5, reads the game program and game data from the DVD-ROM 17 into the RAM 4, and enters the game start state. Set.

  The drawing processor 6 generates an image of each frame of a 3D video (a 2D image by a perspective projection method) and displays it on the monitor 14. The drawing processor 6 creates a two-dimensional image of each frame to be displayed on the monitor 14 using data supplied from the drawing data generation processor 3 based on a drawing command from the CPU 2. At this time, the drawing processor 6 determines the parameter values of each object (the distance from the viewpoint of the object, the direction from the viewpoint to the object and the direction of the line of sight (the center of the perspective projection screen from the viewpoint) from the data supplied from the drawing data generation processor 3. (The direction to the point), the occupation ratio of the object with respect to the perspective projection screen, and the elapsed time when these parameter values are in the range described later). When the calculated parameter value is in a range set for each image processing coefficient (transparency, blurring ratio, color change rate, etc.) of each object stored in the RAM 4, the rendering processor 6 The image processing coefficient is calculated by a calculation formula stored in the RAM 4 (note that it is expressed as a calculation formula, but in reality, a program for performing the calculation is set, and this condition is set when the condition is met. The processing for calculating the image processing coefficient is performed by the program, and so on.) The image processing is performed on the object. This image processing will be described later. Connected to the drawing processor 6 is a VRAM 7 for creating a two-dimensional image of each frame. The drawing processor 6 uses the VRAM 7 to generate 2D image data of each frame every 1/30 seconds.

  In the VRAM 7, a buffer memory 72 (hereinafter referred to as “screen buffer”) for storing two-dimensional image data of each frame displayed on the monitor 14 and image data to be stored in the screen buffer 72 are created. A buffer memory 71 (hereinafter referred to as “texture buffer”) is provided. The screen buffer 72 comprises two screen buffers 72A and 72B having the same memory structure and memory capacity.

  The reason why the two screen buffers 72 are configured is that the drawing speed on the screen buffer 72 is more than the display speed on the monitor 14. That is, while performing display processing on the monitor 14 using one screen buffer 72A, image data of the next frame is generated by the other screen buffer 72B, and this processing is performed by the screen buffer 72A and the screen buffer 72B. By alternately performing between the frames, display processing of each frame on the monitor 14 every 1/30 seconds is performed smoothly.

  The texture buffer 71 is a buffer for performing preprocessing for creating data of a two-dimensional image to be displayed on the monitor 14 in the screen buffer 72.

  The D / A converter 8 converts the image data output from the screen buffer 72 into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the monitor 14. The D / A converter 8 is provided with a switch circuit for switching between the image data from the screen buffer 72A and the image data from the screen buffer 72B, and the switching of the switch circuit is controlled by the drawing processor 6.

  That is, when the drawing processor 6 uses the screen buffer 72A as the buffer of the monitor 14, the switching circuit is switched so that the image data of the screen buffer 72A is output to the monitor 14, and the screen buffer 72B is used as the buffer of the monitor 14. When switching, the switch circuit is switched so that the image data of the screen buffer 72B is output to the monitor 14.

  The sound processor 9 reads sound effects or BGM sound data from the RAM 4 based on a sound command from the CPU 2, performs necessary processing and D / A conversion processing, and then outputs the processed sound to the amplifier 10. The amplifier 10 amplifies the audio signal input from the audio processor 9 with a predetermined amplification degree, and then outputs it to the speaker 15.

  The interface (I / F) 11 is an interface for connecting the operation controller 16 to the game apparatus 1. The operation controller 16 is for inputting various types of operation information to the game apparatus 1. The operation controller 16 is provided with a plurality of operation members such as a cross key, a left button, a right button, a select button, a start button, and a joystick. The start button is a button for inputting a game start, and the select button is a button for selecting menu contents. The joystick and the cross key are mainly used as operation members for instructing the main character 101 (see FIG. 4) various actions such as movement, attack, defense, and the like. This is used to rotate the line-of-sight direction of the displayed 3D video image to the left or right.

  Next, a 3D image display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In order to display a three-dimensional image, a perspective projection for displaying a three-dimensional virtual space on a two-dimensional monitor screen is required. In perspective projection, the line of sight extends from the viewpoint to the object, and the object is drawn at the intersection of the screen and the line of sight virtually placed between the viewpoint and the object.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the perspective projection of the object O on the screen S with the viewpoint as V. As shown in FIG. The object O is perspectively projected on the screen S as an object O ′. The coordinate system set in the three-dimensional virtual space is the world coordinate system, and the two-dimensional coordinate system set in the screen S is the screen coordinate system.

  Actually, an object is composed of polygons that are a plurality of triangles, and is drawn by perspective projection in order from the polygon farthest from the viewpoint. By doing so, a process of hiding a surface invisible from the viewpoint drawn earlier is performed. In perspective projection, first, projection conversion is performed in which the coordinates of each vertex of the polygon read from the RAM 4 are converted from the world coordinate system to the screen coordinate system. A texture (two-dimensional image) corresponding to the projected polygon on the screen is pasted by texture processing. The light source process is performed on the texture to be pasted at this time. The light source process is a process of calculating the brightness due to the incident light from the light source for each vertex constituting the polygon and linearly interpolating the brightness at each point of the polygon from the brightness at the vertex. As a result, the portion that is exposed to light is drawn brightly, and the shaded portion is drawn dark, and a realistic image with a three-dimensional effect is obtained. Next, image processing is performed on the drawn polygon. The image processing is processing that includes transparency processing, blurring processing, and color change processing, and improves the visibility of the operator or gives the video a sense of reality. Details of this image processing will be described later.

  By performing the above process for all the polygons of the object, the object is drawn. For hidden surface processing, objects are also drawn in order from the one farthest from the viewpoint. When all the objects are drawn, they are displayed on the monitor 14 as a two-dimensional image of the frame.

  When the operator operates the movement button of the operation controller 16, the main character 101 (see FIG. 4) moves in the virtual space according to the operation, and the viewpoint V (see FIG. 2) also moves according to the main character 101. To do. A two-dimensional image by the perspective projection method is drawn for each frame, and an image of the main character 101 moving in the virtual space is displayed on the monitor 14. 3D images are displayed by displaying 30 frames of images per second.

  In the present invention, conditions are set for all objects, and when the conditions are met, the transparency processing is performed using the transmittance calculated by the calculation formula set for the object, and other objects are provided. When the condition is met, the blurring process is performed using the blurring rate calculated by the calculation formula set for the object, and when the other provided conditions are met, the object is set for the object. It is characterized in that the color change rate calculated by the calculation formula is used. Therefore, in the following description, these image processing methods will be described.

  In the present embodiment, transmission processing, blurring processing, and color conversion processing are performed as image processing.

  The transparency process is used when the object is desired to be transmitted, and is performed based on the transparency α of the object. That is, the object and the background image (including not only the background but also the already drawn object) are combined and drawn at a ratio of (1-α): α so that the object becomes translucent. Express. By this process, the operator can recognize the object behind that should have been hidden by the object. The transmittance α indicates the degree of transparency of the object. When α = 0, it does not transmit at all, and when α = 1, it is 100% transparent and the object is not drawn. When α is between 0 and 1, the object is transmitted according to the value, and is combined with the background image and drawn. For example, when α = 0.2, the object is 20% transparent, the object is combined with 80%, and the background image is 20% and drawn. The so-called alpha blending is used for drawing the composite image. The alpha value used at this time is a value obtained by subtracting the transmittance α from 1 (opacity). Note that the transparency processing is not limited to alpha blending, and the pixels constituting the object and the pixels constituting the background image may be alternately drawn at a rate corresponding to the transmittance.

  The blurring process is used when blurring an object and is performed based on the blurring ratio β of the object. By this processing, it is possible to display the object that does not need to be noticed so as not to attract the operator's attention. The blurring ratio β indicates the blurring degree of the object. When β = 0, the blurring degree is not blurred at all, and the blurring degree increases as β increases.

In the blurring process, for each pixel constituting the object on the screen, an average value for each of the R, G, and B color components of the surrounding pixels is obtained, and the average value is multiplied by the blurring rate. This is added to the value of the pixel reduced by the blurring rate. For example, when performing blurring processing using pixel data of four surrounding pixels, the value of the pixel is (R, G, B) = (0, 100, 200), and the surrounding four pixels (the right and left of the pixel on the screen) Assuming that the average value of each pixel located above and below is (R, G, B) = (100, 100, 100), when the blurring rate β = 0, the value of the pixel remains as it is (R, G, B) = (0, 100, 200), and when β = 1, the value of the pixel is an average value of the surrounding four pixels (R, G, B) = (100, 100, 100). When β = 0.3, R = 100 * 0.3 + 0 * 0.7 = 30, G = 100 * 0.3 + 100 * 0.7 = 100, B = 100 * 0.3 + 200 * 0.7 = 170, and the value of the pixel is (R, G, B) = (30, 100, 170), which is 30% blurred. Note that the average value of surrounding pixels used for blurring processing is not limited to the average value of four pixels, and may be an average value of eight or more pixels, or an average value obtained by weighting pixels closer to the pixel. .

The color change process is used when it is desired to change the color of the object, and is performed based on the color change rate (red change rate γ _R , green change rate γ _G , blue change rate γ _B ) of the object. For example, the red color change rate γ _R is increased when the object color is desired to be red, and the blue color change rate γ _B is increased when the object color is desired to be blue. By gradually changing these color change rates, it is possible to express that the hue of the object is gradually changed.

The red color change rate γ _R , the green color change rate γ _G , and the blue color change rate γ _B indicate the degree to which the original color of the object is changed. For example, the red change rate γ _R indicates the degree of change of the red component R of each pixel constituting the object. When γ _R = 0, the red component R of the pixel is not changed from the original value, and γ _R When> 0, the red component R is increased from the original value according to the increase, and when γ _R = 1, the red component R becomes the maximum value. Conversely, when γ _R <0, the red component R of the pixel is decreased from the original value according to the decrease, and when γ _R = −1, it is “0”. For example, in the case of 24-bit color, the red component R takes a value from 0 to 255. If the original red component R = 100, when the case of gamma _R = 0 R = 100, and the of gamma _R = 1 becomes R = 0 when the _{R = 255, γ R = -1} . In addition, when 0 <γ _R <1, R = (γ _R −0) * (255-100) + 100 = γ _R * 155 + 100, and when −1 <γ _R <0, R = (γ _R +1). Since (100−0) + 0 = (γ _R +1) * 100, R = 131 when γ _R = 0.2, and R = 80 when γ _R = −0.2. Similarly, the green change rate γ _G and the blue change rate γ _B indicate the degree of change of the green component G and the blue component B, respectively.

The initial value of the image processing coefficient used for each image processing is set for each object. Usually, the transmittance α, the blurring rate β, the red color change rate γ _R , the green color change rate γ _G , and the blue color change rate γ _B are all set to “0”, but for objects made of transparent materials such as glass The transmittance α is set according to the degree of transmission. In the present embodiment, when a condition is set for each image processing coefficient of each object and each parameter value conforms to this condition, the image is processed using the image processing coefficient calculated by a predetermined calculation formula. Processing is performed.

  FIG. 3 shows a range of parameter values set for each image processing coefficient for each object in the game data read from the DVD-ROM 17 and stored in the RAM 4 (hereinafter referred to as “set parameter range”). And an example of a list of calculation formulas for image processing coefficients.

In this embodiment, as parameters, an angle (hereinafter referred to as “angle A”) formed by a direction from the viewpoint V to the object O and a line-of-sight direction (a direction from the viewpoint V to the center point of the screen S) in FIG. The distance of the object O from the viewpoint V (hereinafter referred to as “distance D”), the occupation ratio of the perspectively projected object O ′ with respect to the screen S (hereinafter referred to as “occupancy ratio C”), and these parameter values are set. The elapsed time (hereinafter referred to as “time T”) when in the specified range is used. These parameters are calculated by the drawing processor 6. The angle A represents an angle formed by a direction vector VS from the viewpoint V to the center point of the screen S and a direction vector VO from the viewpoint V to the center point of the object O in FIG. The distance D represents the distance from the viewpoint V to the center point of the object O in FIG. The occupation ratio C represents the ratio of the area of the object O ′ to the area of the screen S in FIG.

  In FIG. 3, the calculation formulas for each setting parameter range and image processing coefficient are set for each object, and are set for each image processing coefficient. For example, the range of each parameter for the transmittance of the object 1 is D ≦ 50 for the distance D, A ≦ 30 for the angle A, 0 ≦ C for the occupancy C, and 1 ≦ T for the time T, When each of the calculated parameters falls within this range, α calculated by the calculation formula of α = (50−D) / 250 is used as the transmittance of the object 1. When D = 50, the transmittance α = 0, and the object 1 is not transmitted. When D = 0, the transmittance α = 0.2, and the object 1 is transmitted 20%. That is, when the distance from the viewpoint is within 50 and the object 1 is positioned within 30 degrees with respect to the line-of-sight direction for 1 second or longer, the transmittance of the object 1 increases as it approaches the viewpoint. Become. Note that the range of 0 ≦ C for the occupation rate C is always applicable, and in this example, the condition of the occupation rate C is not set. Similarly, setting 0 ≦ D for the distance D, 0 ≦ A for the angle A, and 0 ≦ T for the time T means that each condition is not set.

First, calculation of each parameter value of the object O will be described. The position of the object O in the three-dimensional virtual space is obtained from the coordinates of the vertex of each polygon of the object O stored in the RAM 4 as the coordinates of the world coordinate system of the center point. Further, the position of the viewpoint V is stored in the RAM 4 in the coordinates of the world coordinate system. These pieces of position information are first read from the DVD-ROM 17 to the RAM 4 and updated with the passage of time or the operation of the operator as the game progresses. That is, the object O is generated by the setting of the program or the passage of time, moves, disappears, and its coordinates are updated. The main character 101, which is one of the objects O , is moved by the operation of the operator, and its coordinates are updated. Further, the position of the viewpoint V moves according to the main character 101, and its coordinates are updated.

  The angle A is calculated from a direction vector VO from the coordinates of the viewpoint V to the coordinates of the center point of the object O and a direction vector VS from the coordinates of the viewpoint V to the coordinates of the center point of the screen S. Since the screen S is set so that the main character 101 is perspectively projected at a predetermined size in the center, the coordinates of the center point are determined by the viewpoint V and the position of the main character 101. The distance D is calculated from the coordinates of the center point of the object O and the coordinates of the viewpoint V. The occupation ratio C is the ratio of the object O ′ that is perspective-projected and drawn on the screen S to the screen S, and can be obtained as the ratio of the area that the object O ′ actually occupies on the screen S. It is also possible to calculate the area of the object O ′ from the coordinates of each vertex of the polygon constituting the object O and the calculation formula of the projection conversion. The time T is obtained by counting the times when the calculated parameter values correspond to the set parameter range.

  When the calculated parameter values all fall within the set parameter range (see FIG. 3) for a certain image processing coefficient, the image processing coefficient is calculated using an image processing coefficient calculation formula (see FIG. 3). Updated. When performing image processing, the updated image processing coefficient is used.

  A set parameter range and an image processing coefficient calculation formula are set for each object, and various video effects are applied according to these settings. For example, when an object such as a rock or a building is near the center of the screen, the object including the main character 101 or other character behind it is hidden and cannot be seen. It is set so that the transmittance α is changed when the occupation ratio C meets the conditions.

  FIG. 4 shows one scene of the game, in which a main character 101 is drawn at the center of the screen, a rock 102, an important item 104 is drawn on the right side, and a small animal 105 is drawn on the left side. For example, the rock 102 is set so that the transmittance α = (C−30) / 140 when the angle A ≦ 30 and the occupation ratio C ≧ 30, and the direction from the viewpoint to the rock 102 is the direction of the line of sight. If the occupancy C of the rock 102 with respect to the screen exceeds 30% within 30 degrees from the screen, the transmittance α is changed according to the occupancy C. When the occupancy C = 30, the transmittance α = 0 and the transmittance α increases as the occupancy C increases. When the occupancy C = 100, the transmittance α = 0.5, and the rock 102 is 50%. Transparent.

  In addition, when an object such as a rock or a building is near the edge of the screen, the object does not need to be particularly noticed. The blurring ratio β is set to be changed. For example, the rock 102 in FIG. 4 is set so that the blurring ratio β = (A−20) / 70 when the angle A ≧ 20, and the direction from the viewpoint to the rock 102 is 20 degrees or more from the direction of the line of sight. In this case, the blurring ratio β is changed according to the angle A. When the angle A = 20, the blurring rate β = 0, and the blurring rate β increases as the angle A increases. When the angle A = 90, the blurring rate β = 1.

Further, when an object such as a missile approaches the viewpoint side (the player side watching the monitor), the object has a distance D so that the color of the object gradually turns red to notify the danger. The red change rate γ _R is set so as to be changed when it matches.

FIG. 5 is an image of a three-dimensional virtual space viewed from the viewpoint of the main character 101 in one scene of another game. For example, when the distance D ≦ 1000, the missile 103 has a red change rate γ _R =
When the distance D between the viewpoint and the missile 103 is 1000 or less, the red color change rate γ _R increases as the distance D decreases.
When the distance D = 1000, the red color change rate γ _R = 0, and as the distance D decreases, the red color change rate γ _R increases. When the distance D = 0, the red color change rate γ _R = 1.

In FIG. 4, the small animal 105 is gradually transmitted when the state where the occupation ratio C is large near the center of the screen continues for a certain period of time. This is because even if the small animal 105 crosses immediately before the viewpoint, if it is a moment, the small animal 105 does not need to be transmitted. It is necessary to make it transparent because it gets in the way. This small animal 105 is set so that, for example, when the angle A ≦ 20, the occupation ratio C ≧ 30, and the time T ≧ 2, the transmittance α = (T−2) / 10. When the direction is within 20 degrees from the direction of the line of sight and the occupancy C of the small animals 105 with respect to the screen is 30% or more, the transmittance α increases as time passes. In addition, the player can visually recognize the object by passing through the object (in this case, the small animal 105) instantaneously instead of passing through the object gradually.

In FIG. 4, since the important item 104 is always displayed without being transmitted, the transmittance of the important item 104 is set to 0 for all conditions.

  Since the main character 101 is also an object, a set parameter range and an image processing coefficient calculation formula are set, and various video effects can be applied. For example, there is a competitive game in which the viewpoint is set to a slightly higher position behind the main character and the main character and an image looking down in front of the main character are displayed from that position. In this game, when the main character is positioned near the building and facing the building, the viewpoint is positioned inside the building. In order to prevent the viewpoint from being located inside the building, when the main character is located near the building and behind the building, the viewpoint is located in front of the building ahead of the original position. However, when the viewpoint is moved forward, the distance between the viewpoint and the main character is shortened, and the main character occupies most of the monitor. At this time, if the setting parameter range and the image processing coefficient calculation formula are set, when the main character approaches the viewpoint, the main character can be transmitted so that the scenery and objects in front of it can be seen. .

  Next, the frame image drawing processing procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. A frame image is an image of a scene of a video, and is displayed on the monitor as a moving image by continuously displaying the frame image on the monitor (60 frames or 30 frames per second). The frame image is generated by the drawing processor 6 using the VRAM 7. Here, a drawing process procedure of a frame image of a scene with a 3D image obtained by viewing the virtual space in the middle of the game from a predetermined viewpoint performed by the drawing processor 6 will be described.

First, the drawing order is determined for all the objects drawn on the frame image (ST1). For all objects existing in the virtual space, the position of the position and the viewpoint V of the object, it is determined whether or not projected from the direction of the line of sight on the screen S, the viewpoint V in an object to be projected on the screen S Numbers are assigned in order from the object farthest away from. Next, the object number n is initialized to “1”, and the times Tα, Tβ, Tγ _R , Tγ _G , and Tγ _B for counting the time when each parameter value falls within the set parameter range of each image processing coefficient are , “0” is initialized (ST2).

  Next, each parameter value of the object n is calculated (ST3). The angle A, the distance D, and the occupation ratio C are calculated by the above-described method. Next, image processing coefficients are calculated (ST4-8). That is, the transmittance is calculated (ST4), the blurring rate is calculated (ST5), the red change rate is calculated (ST6), the green change rate is calculated (ST7), and the blue change rate is calculated (ST8). . The processing procedure for calculating each of these image processing coefficients will be described later.

Next, the drawing order of each polygon constituting the object n is determined (ST9). The drawing order is determined by the distance D from the viewpoint V , and numbers are assigned in order from the polygon farthest from the viewpoint V. Next, the polygon number m is initialized to “1” (ST10).

Next, projection conversion is performed (ST11), and each vertex coordinate of the polygon m is converted to a coordinate on the screen S. Next, light source processing is performed (ST12), and the brightness at each point of the polygon is obtained. Next, texture processing is performed (ST13), and a texture to which brightness information at each point is given is pasted on the projected polygon m. Next, image processing is performed (ST14). At this time, the image processing coefficients calculated in steps ST4 to ST8 are used. Since each image processing has been described above, it is omitted here.

  Next, m is incremented by 1 (ST15), and it is determined whether m exceeds the number of polygons (ST16). If m exceeds the number of polygons (ST16: YES), n is incremented by 1 (ST17), and it is determined whether n exceeds the number of objects to be drawn (ST18). If n exceeds the number of objects to be drawn (ST18: YES), since all the objects have been drawn, the frame image drawing process is terminated. If n does not exceed the number of objects to be drawn in step ST18 (ST18: NO), the process returns to step ST3, and the process for the next object is performed. In step ST16, if m does not exceed the number of polygons (ST16: NO), the process returns to ST11 and the process for the next polygon is performed.

  Next, the transmittance calculation processing procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, the transmittance α is initialized to α0 (ST41). The initial value α0 of the transmittance is set for each object. Next, it is determined whether or not the angle A calculated in step ST3 in FIG. 6 falls within the set parameter range (ST42). If it falls within the set parameter range (ST42: YES), it is similarly determined whether or not the distance D falls within the set parameter range (ST43). If it falls within the set parameter range (ST43: YES), it is similarly determined whether or not the occupation ratio C falls within the set parameter range (ST44). If it falls within the set parameter range (ST44: YES), the time Tα is updated (eg, Tα = Tα + 1/60 seconds) (ST45). Next, it is determined whether or not the time Tα falls within the set parameter range (ST46). If the time Tα falls within the set parameter range (ST46: YES), the transmittance α is calculated using the set calculation formula. (ST47) The transmittance calculation process is terminated.

  When any of the angle A, the distance D, and the occupation ratio C does not fall within the set parameter range (ST42: NO or ST43: NO or ST44: NO), the time Tα is initialized to “0” (ST48), and the process is performed. Is terminated. If the time Tα does not fall within the set parameter range (ST46: NO), the process is terminated as it is.

  When setting the calculation formula for an object whose initial value α0 is not “0” (for example, an object made of a transparent material such as glass), when changing the transmittance depending on the condition, it may change from α0. A calculation formula (for example, α = α0 + (50−D) / 250, D ≦ 50) may be set, and when there is no need to change the transmittance, the transmittance calculation formula is set to α = α0. You just have to.

  In the present embodiment, the transmittance α is first initialized to α0 (ST41), and when all parameters fall within the set parameter range (ST42 to 44, 46: YES), the set calculation is performed. If the transmittance α is calculated using the formula (ST47), but the transmittance α is not initialized and all the parameters fall within the set parameter range, the transmittance α is calculated using the set calculation formula. If one of the parameters does not fall within the set parameter range, the transmittance α may be set to α0. The same applies to other image processing coefficient calculation processing procedures described below.

  Next, the blurring rate calculation processing procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In this processing procedure, it is determined whether the calculation formula in ST57 is a calculation formula for the blurring ratio β, the initial value of the blurring ratio β is β0 in ST51, the update time in ST55, and whether it corresponds to the set parameter range in ST56. 7 is the same as the transmittance calculation processing procedure in FIG. 7 except that the time to be initialized to “0” in ST58 is Tβ.

  The red change rate calculation processing procedure in FIG. 9, the green change rate calculation processing procedure in FIG. 10, and the blue change rate calculation processing procedure in FIG. 11 are also substantially the same as the transmittance calculation processing procedure in FIG. Note that, when the color of an object is gradually made black, the change rate may be reduced by setting the same change rate calculation formula for each color. Similarly, in the case of whitening, a calculation formula may be set so that the change rate of each color increases.

As described above, the range of parameter values corresponding to each image processing coefficient and the calculation formula for the image processing coefficient are set for all objects, and the calculated parameter value is set for each object drawn on the frame image. When it falls within the range, image processing is performed using the calculated image processing coefficient. Therefore, it can be set so as to bring different video effects for each object.

In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the color change process is performed in the RGB color space based on the red change rate γ _R , the green change rate γ _G , and the blue change rate γ _B of the object has been described. The color changing process may be performed in the HLS color space. In that case, a change rate for changing the hue, saturation, and the like, which are components of the HSV color space and HLS color space, is used as the image processing coefficient.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which perspective projection is performed so that each object arranged in a three-dimensional virtual space can be displayed on a two-dimensional monitor screen has been described. However, other projection methods such as parallel projection are used. May be used.

  In the above embodiment, the condition of the parameter value range is provided for each object. However, the object may be divided into several types and the condition may be provided for each type.

  Moreover, although the game device provided with the 3D video display device according to the present invention has been described in the above embodiment, the present invention can also be applied to a 3D video display device using a perspective projection method other than the game device. In this case, the program is read into a computer from a recording medium such as a DVD-ROM in which a program for executing the flowchart of the frame image drawing processing procedure shown in FIG. Or the like, by executing the program, the 3D video display device according to the present invention can be easily realized.

  Further, the game content is not limited to the competitive game, and can be applied to all games using a 3D image display device using a perspective projection method. The present invention can also be applied to a “first-person viewpoint game” in which the main character is not displayed (for example, a gun shooting game in which an image viewed from the viewpoint of the main character is displayed).

It is a block block diagram which shows an example of the game device provided with the three-dimensional video display apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows having projected the object on the screen from the viewpoint. It is an example of the calculation parameter data list of a setting parameter range and an image processing coefficient. It is a figure which shows 1 scene of the game for demonstrating image processing. It is a figure which shows 1 scene of another game for demonstrating image processing. It is a flowchart which shows the drawing process procedure of the frame image relevant to the 3D video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the transmittance | permeability calculation processing procedure related to the three-dimensional video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the blurring rate calculation processing procedure relevant to the three-dimensional video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the red change rate calculation process procedure related to the three-dimensional video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the green change rate calculation process procedure relevant to the three-dimensional video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the blue change rate calculation process procedure relevant to the three-dimensional video display apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional 3D video display apparatus, and is a figure which shows the image by which the main character is hidden in the rock. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional three-dimensional video display apparatus, and is a figure which shows the image through which the rock was permeate | transmitted. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional three-dimensional video display apparatus, and is a figure which shows the image by which the missile is hidden in the rock.

1 game device 2 CPU (operation control means)
3 drawing data generation processor 4 RAM (storage means, first storage means, second storage means, third storage means)
5 ROM
6 Rendering processor (image creation means, image processing means, display control means, parameter value calculation means, discrimination means, image processing coefficient setting means, timing means, image processing coefficient setting control means)
7 VRAM
71 Texture buffer 72, 72A, 72B Screen buffer 8 D / A converter 9 Audio processor 10 Amplifier 11 I / F
12 DVD-ROM drive 13 Bus 14 Monitor (display means)
15 Speaker 16 Operation controller (operation means)
17 DVD-ROM
V Viewpoint S Screen 101 Main character 102 Rock 103 Rocket 104 Important item 105 Small animal

Claims (10)

Computer
Image creating means for projecting one or more objects arranged in a three-dimensional virtual space from a predetermined viewpoint to create a two-dimensional image of each object;
Image processing means for performing one or more predetermined image processing on the two-dimensional image created by the image creation means using one or more image processing coefficients;
Display control means for displaying on a display unit a three-dimensional image composed of a two-dimensional image subjected to image processing by the image processing means ;
For each of the image processing coefficient before Symbol each object, a reading means for reading the conditions of using one or more predetermined parameters, and a calculation program for calculating the pre-Symbol image processing coefficient from the storage unit,
Parameter value calculating means for calculating the value of the predetermined parameter for each object;
A determination unit that the value of the parameter calculated by the pre-Symbol parameter value calculating means determines whether or not prior meet Kijo matter,
If it is determined to satisfy the condition by the determination means determines the image processing coefficients for each image processing using the corresponding calculation program, an image processing coefficient setting means for setting the image processing means,
A program characterized by making it function . The predetermined parameter includes at least a distance of the object with respect to the predetermined viewpoint, and an angle formed by a direction from the predetermined viewpoint to the object and a direction from the predetermined viewpoint to the center point of the projection screen. The program according to claim 1, wherein: Before Kijo matter, based on the distance and angle, divided relative position of the object relative to the predetermined viewpoint into two ranges, characterized in that each object is one of conditions located in any range, The program according to claim 2. A timing unit that counts a time during which the state in which the object is determined to satisfy the first condition that the object is positioned in one of the two ranges is continued by the determination unit;
The image processing coefficient setting means satisfies a second condition in which a time measured by the time measuring means falls within a predetermined time range when the determining means determines that the first condition is satisfied. The image processing coefficient is calculated using a calculation program corresponding to the satisfaction of the first condition and the second condition and set in the image processing means, and the second condition is not satisfied. 4. The program according to claim 3, wherein a predetermined fixed value is set in the image processing means as the image processing coefficient. Wherein the image processing, transmission processing, and includes blurring said image processing coefficients, other transparently rate, characterized in that it is a blur ratio, a program according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . The image processing, transparent processing, and includes color changing process, the image processing coefficients, other transparently rate, characterized in that it is a color change rate, according to any one of claims 1 to 5 Program . The predetermined parameter includes at least an occupation ratio of the two-dimensional image created by the image creating unit with respect to the projection screen ,
The program according to claim 1 , wherein the condition includes a condition related to the occupation ratio . The program according to claim 7, wherein the condition relating to the occupancy rate is a condition that divides the occupancy rate into two ranges and each object belongs to which range. A second timing unit that counts the time during which the state in which the occupancy rate is determined to satisfy the third condition belonging to one of the two ranges by the determination unit is continued;
The image processing coefficient setting means includes a fourth time in which the time measured by the second time measuring means falls within a predetermined time range when the determining means determines that the third condition is satisfied. When the condition is satisfied, the image processing coefficient is calculated using a calculation program corresponding to the satisfaction of the third condition and the fourth condition, set in the image processing means, and the fourth condition is set. 9. The program according to claim 8, wherein when the condition is not satisfied, a predetermined fixed value is set in the image processing means as the image processing coefficient. A program recording unit for recording the program according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A computer for executing the program recorded in the program recording unit;
A three-dimensional image display device comprising:

Images