JP4898255B2 - Mobile scaffolding and powerless descent device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile scaffold constructed as a work floor or a passage for working on the outer periphery of a structure such as a building or a bridge, which can be lowered without power.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, when a building is demolished, the outer periphery of a plurality of floors including the floor to be demolished is surrounded by a scaffold, and each time the demolished floor moves to a lower floor, a plurality of ropes connected to the scaffold are winched. Discloses a method for lowering the scaffold by lowering the position. In this method, first, a plurality of guide columns are erected at predetermined intervals around the building to be demolished, and a scaffold that is movable up and down along the guide columns is placed on the ground or at the height of the lower floor of the building. Assemble the outer perimeter of the and raise it to the top floor along the guide struts. Next, each floor is demolished sequentially from the top floor to the lower floor. At that time, every time the floor to be demolished moves to the lower floor, the scaffold is lowered accordingly.

In Patent Document 2, when building a building, the outer periphery of a plurality of floors including the floor to be built is surrounded by a scaffold, and the scaffold is raised by a driving device such as a motor each time the floor to be built moves to the upper floor. A method is disclosed. In this method, first, a rail is installed so as to be substantially vertical along the outer peripheral surface of the building, and a moving scaffold equipped with a motor, which is movable up and down along the rail, is assembled to the floor near the ground. Surround the perimeter. Next, each floor is constructed sequentially from the ground to the upper floor, and at that time, every time the floor to be constructed moves to the upper floor, the scaffold is raised accordingly.
Japanese Patent No. 3383638 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-147756

  However, in the method of lowering the scaffold with the winch described in Patent Document 1, since the scaffold is suspended by a plurality of ropes from the ground, it is difficult to control the scaffold to be level. In addition, the control device for controlling the rotation of all winches in order to ensure the level of the scaffold is expensive and the cost is increased.

  In addition, since the guide strut is constructed from the ground to almost the top floor, the weight of the guide strut itself increases as the height of the building increases. For this reason, the diameter of the guide strut must be increased to ensure stability. . However, when the diameter of the guide column is increased, the material cost of the guide column is increased, and the assembly / disassembly work is troublesome and the construction cost is also increased. In addition, the aesthetic appearance is impaired because many guide posts stand around the building from the ground to the top floor.

  Moreover, in the method of raising and lowering the scaffold with a driving device such as a motor described in Patent Document 2, a guide rail having a length corresponding to the height of the building is required. Installation and connection of rails requires labor and time, and if a drive device is provided, a large load is applied to the entire scaffold, so that the entire scaffold is enlarged and the construction cost is increased.

  In general, there are few opportunities to raise the scaffolding at the building demolition site, and a scaffold dedicated to descending is sufficient, but there is no scaffold dedicated to descending, so there is no vertical platform as described in Patent Document 2. A scaffold equipped with a movable drive device must be used, and the construction cost becomes high as described above.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to surround only the minimum outer periphery necessary for the dismantling work with a scaffold when disassembling the structure, and as the work proceeds It is to provide a mobile scaffold that can be lowered from the upper floor side to the lower floor side by power.

In order to achieve the above object, the mobile scaffold of the present invention is a mobile scaffold that is movable downward along the outer peripheral surface of a structure, the scaffold frame having a scaffold plate, and the structure of the scaffold frame. A rail fixed so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical, and a non-powered lowering means attached to the structure and supporting the rail so that the rail can be lowered by its own weight , The rail includes a protrusion fixed to a predetermined position and a rack extending in the longitudinal direction, and the speed suppression mechanism includes a pinion gear that meshes with the rack, and a brake that is coupled to the pinion gear. A reduction gear, and the rail holding mechanism releases the locking state between the support mechanism holding the rail and the support mechanism and the protruding portion by locking to the protruding portion of the rail. Rail Characterized in that it comprises a release mechanism for lowering (first invention).

According to the mobile scaffold according to the present invention, since the rail to which the scaffold frame is connected is lowered by its own weight, a driving device such as an electric motor for lowering the rail is not necessary, and the mobile scaffold can be reduced in weight. It becomes. Therefore, the mobile scaffold can be miniaturized and the capital investment can be reduced. Further, the scaffold frame can be lowered together with the rail without detaching from the rail, and work such as replacement of the scaffold frame is eliminated, so that the construction period can be shortened. Further, by lowering the rail to which the scaffold frame is connected from the upper floor side to the lower floor side, it is not necessary to install the rail from the ground to the uppermost floor of the structure. Therefore, work such as rail installation and dismantling is eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.
Further, since the pinion gear that meshes with the rack of the rail is provided, the non-power-lowering means can surely descend along the rail. Furthermore, since the speed reducer with a brake is provided, the rail can be safely lowered within a preset speed range.
Further, according to the rail holding mechanism, since the support mechanism is provided, the rail can be reliably held. Furthermore, since the release mechanism is provided, the load loaded on the support mechanism can be released and the rail can be lowered.
And since a rail, a speed suppression mechanism, and a rail holding mechanism are simple mechanisms, a maintenance becomes easy.

In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the powerless lowering means is attached to the structure at one end side so as to be detachable, and the other end side is supported via a support bracket attached to the powerless lowering means. It is attached to a structure.
According to the mobile scaffold according to the present invention, since the non-powered descent means is fixed to the structure by the support bracket, the rail can be supported. In addition, since the support bracket is detachably attached to the structure, the support bracket on the floor after dismantling is detached and attached to the lower floor, and the cost of the mobile scaffold can be reduced.

According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, the non-powered descent means includes a speed suppression mechanism that suppresses the descent speed of the rail, and a rail holding mechanism that can hold the position of the rail. Features.
According to the non-powered descent means according to the present invention, the rail descent speed can be limited to be within a safe range since the speed descent mechanism capable of suppressing the descent speed of the rail is provided. In addition, since the rail holding mechanism capable of holding the position of the rail is provided, the scaffold can be held at a desired height.

In a fourth aspect based on the first to third aspects, the support mechanism supports a load receiving plate for locking the protrusion, a load loaded on the load receiving plate, and the load. An insertion / removal device that can be inserted into and removed from the receiving plate is provided.
According to the support mechanism of the present invention, since the protrusion is locked by the load receiving plate, it is possible to reliably stop the descent of the rail. Further, since the insertion / removal device can be a simple mechanism, the production cost can be reduced.

According to a fifth invention, in the first to third inventions, the release mechanism includes a latch that meshes with the rack, and a meshing device that meshes the latch with the rack and releases a load loaded on the load receiving plate. It is characterized by providing.
According to the release mechanism of the present invention, the load loaded on the load receiving plate can be released because the latch is rotated to mesh with the rack of the rail to move the rail upward.

In a sixth aspect based on the first aspect, the scaffold frame has a predetermined height of a plurality of floors.
According to the scaffold frame according to the present invention, since the scaffold frame is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the minimum number of floors including the floor where the dismantling work is performed, the material cost of the scaffold is compared with the case where the entire structure is covered. The assembly and disassembly period can be shortened, and the disassembly cost can be reduced. In addition, since the scaffold frame is installed on the outer periphery of the minimum number of floors necessary for the work, the aesthetic appearance is not impaired.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the powerless descent device is disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially vertical along the outer peripheral surface of the structure, and a protrusion fixed to a predetermined position and a rack extending in the longitudinal direction, A rail having a rail, a speed suppressing mechanism that meshes with the rack and suppresses a descent speed due to the weight of the rail, and a rail holding mechanism that can hold the position of the rail by engaging with the protrusion. The power lowering means, and one end side is detachably attached to the structure, and the other end side is provided with a support bracket attached to the powerless lowering means to support the powerless lowering means. To do.

  By using the mobile scaffold of the present invention, it is possible to construct a scaffold only on the outer periphery of the minimum number of floors necessary for the dismantling work, and it is possible to perform dismantling with excellent aesthetics.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a mobile scaffold according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, a case will be described in which the mobile scaffold according to the present invention is applied to the dismantling work of a 16-story high-rise building, for example.

  1, 2, and 3 are a perspective view, a side view, and a plan view, respectively, showing a state in which a mobile scaffold according to a first embodiment of the present invention is attached to a high-rise building.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the mobile scaffold 1 is provided in a vertical direction along the outer peripheral surface 5 of the high-rise building 3, and the scaffold frame 11 assembled by the scaffold plate 7 and the connecting member 9, and the scaffold frame. The four rails 19 arranged in parallel so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical to the high-rise building 3 side of 11 and the rail 19 are supported so that the rail 19 and the scaffold frame 11 can be lowered by their own weight. The powerless lowering means 13 and one end side are detachably attached to the powerless lowering means 13 and the other end side is provided with a support bracket 15 removably attached to a predetermined floor of the high-rise building 3. That is, the non-powered lowering means 13 is fixed to the high-rise building 3 via the support bracket 15, and the mobile scaffold 1 is lowered by the rail 19 engaged with the non-powered lowering means 13 being lowered by its own weight. Is.

  The scaffold frame 11 is assembled at a height of a minimum level (for example, four levels from the 14th floor to the rooftop) necessary for the dismantling work, and a plurality of scaffold boards are provided so that the work can be performed on each floor. 7 is attached. A soundproofing and fall prevention panel 17 is attached to the outer periphery of the scaffold frame 11. In the present embodiment, the scaffold frame 11 has a height corresponding to four layers, but is not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate according to the situation in the field.

  Each rail 19 and the scaffold frame 11 are integrally connected by an arm 31 made of steel, and when the rail 19 descends, the scaffold frame 11 also descends simultaneously. A fall prevention net 33 is installed on the side of the high-rise building 3 at the lower end of the scaffold frame 11.

  Each rail 19 is made of H-shaped steel, and a rack 27 is extended in the longitudinal direction on the flange surface on the high-rise building 3 side, and a plurality of stoppers 29 are provided on the flange surface on the scaffolding frame 11 side at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. It is fixed by welding. In the present embodiment, the height of the scaffold frame 11 is set to four levels, so that the three brackets excluding the uppermost floor, which is the floor to be dismantled, can be supported by the support bracket 15 so as to have three stoppers. 29 is fixed to the rail 19 at a height interval of one layer.

  In the present embodiment, the method of fixing three stoppers 29 to each rail 19 has been described. However, the number of stoppers 29 is not limited to this number, and can be changed depending on the number of layers surrounded by the mobile scaffold 1. It is.

  The support bracket 15 is connected to the lower side, for example, the 14th floor and the 15th floor, among the four levels where the dismantling work is performed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be connected to one floor or three or more floors as long as the mobile scaffold 1 can be supported. From the viewpoint of stability and safety of the mobile scaffold 1. It is desirable to connect to multiple floors.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the non-powered descent means 13 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing a part of the non-powered descent means 13 according to this embodiment. 4 and 5 show a state in which the rail 19 is held by the non-powered lowering means 13. 6 and 7 show a state immediately after the rail 19 starts to descend, and are a perspective view and a side view similar to FIGS. 4 and 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the no-power lowering means 13 includes a speed suppression mechanism 21 for suppressing the lowering speed of the rail 19, a rail holding mechanism 23 that can hold the position of the rail 19, and a speed suppression mechanism. 21 and a steel housing 25 containing the rail holding mechanism 23.

  The speed suppression mechanism 21 includes a pinion gear 35 that meshes with the rack 27 of the rail 19, and a speed reducer 37 with a centrifugal brake that is connected to the pinion gear 35, so that the rail 19 descends at a safe speed. The reduction ratio is adjusted. In this embodiment, the centrifugal brake system is used as the brake unit of the speed reducer. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other brake units such as a fan brake system and a hydraulic brake system may be used.

  The rail holding mechanism 23 locks the stopper 29, a support mechanism 39 for stopping the rail 19, and a release mechanism for lowering the rail 19 by releasing the locking state of the support mechanism 39 and the stopper 29. 41.

  The support mechanism 39 supports a load receiving plate 43 for locking the stopper 29 of the rail 19 and a load loaded on the load receiving plate 43, and an insertion / removal device 45 that can be inserted into and removed from the load receiving plate 43. Consists of. One end of the load receiving plate 43 is pivotally connected to the housing 25 via a fulcrum pin 47, and the other end is connected to the housing 25 via a removable pin 49 that can be inserted and removed. A counterweight 44 is attached to one end of the load receiving plate 43.

  The insertion / removal device 45 includes the attachment / detachment pin 49 and a spring 51 disposed on the outer periphery of the attachment / detachment pin 49, and the attachment / detachment pin 49 is normally inserted into the load receiving plate 43 by the elastic force of the spring 51. ing. The elastic force of the spring 51 is so large that the attachment / detachment pin 49 can be moved by hand, and an operator can easily remove the attachment / detachment pin 49 from the load receiving plate 43 by pulling the attachment / detachment pin 49 rightward in FIG. Is possible.

  When the rail 19 is lowered while the load receiving plate 43 is fixed to the housing 25 by the attachment / detachment pin 49 by the support mechanism 39, the stopper 29 of the rail 19 is locked to the load receiving plate 43, and the rail 19 The descent stops. Thereby, it will be in the state (namely, the state shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5) in which the load of the rail 19 and the scaffold frame 11 was loaded on the load receiving plate 43. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the dismantling of the floor to be dismantled is finished and the mobile scaffold 1 is moved to the lower floor, the load is removed when the detaching pin 49 is removed from the load receiving plate 43 by the insertion / removal device 45. The receiving plate 43 cannot support the load loaded from the stopper 29, the stopper 29 of the rail 19 starts to descend, pushes the load receiving plate 43 downward, and the rail 19 descends. The scaffold frame 11 connected to the rail 19 descends together with the rail 19. After the stopper 29 descends and passes through the position of the load receiving plate 43, the load receiving plate 43 automatically rotates upward due to the weight of the counterweight 44, and the other end is attached to the housing 25 by the attachment / detachment pin 49. It returns to the state where it can be connected.

  The release mechanism 41 has a base end rotatably connected to the housing 25 via a fulcrum pin 47, a tip 53 that is engaged with the rack 27 of the rail 19, and a lower portion of the latch 53 that extends the rod. Thus, a jack 55 for engaging the latch 53 with the rack 27 is formed.

  With the release mechanism 41, the rod of the jack 55 is extended while the stopper 29 is locked to the load receiving plate 43, the latch 53 is rotated upward, and the tip of the latch 53 is engaged with the rack 27. Then, by further extending the rod from the state where the latch 53 is engaged with the rack 27, the rail 19 is pushed upward via the latch 53, and the loading on the load receiving plate 43 is released. The load receiving plate 43 can be removed. In this state, the detachment pin 49 is removed and the rod of the jack 55 is contracted, so that the latch 53 rotates and disengages from the rack 27, so that the stopper 29 pushes the load receiving plate 43 downward, and the rail 19 starts descending due to its own weight.

  Next, the usage method of the mobile scaffold 1 described above will be described in accordance with the building dismantling procedure.

  8-10 is a figure which shows the use condition of the mobile scaffold 1 which concerns on this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the mobile scaffold 1 is arranged using a crane or the like along the outer periphery in the vicinity of the top floor of the high-rise building 3. And the support bracket 15 is connected to the support stand 57 installed in the floor of the 14th floor and the 15th floor so that attachment or detachment was possible beforehand. Thereby, the mobile scaffold 1 will be in the state which enclosed from the 14th floor to the rooftop.

  In the present embodiment, the method of connecting the support bracket 15 to the high-rise building 3 via the support base 57 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, directly on the outer peripheral surface 5 of the high-rise building 3. The support bracket 15 may be connected, and the connection method of the support bracket 15 can be appropriately changed according to the field situation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, dismantling work is sequentially performed from the roof floor to the lower floor using a heavy machine such as a backhoe.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 10, during the dismantling work on the rooftop floor, a support base 57 is installed on the 13th floor, and the support bracket 15 and the non-powered lowering means 13 are connected to the support base 57. When the disassembly of the roof floor is completed, the rod of the jack 55 of the release mechanism 41 is extended, the rail 19 is pushed up via the latch 53, and the load on the load receiving plate 43 is released. Then, the attachment / detachment pin 49 of the insertion / removal device 45 is removed so that the stopper 29 can be lowered.

  Then, the rod of the jack 55 is contracted to disengage the latch 53 and the rack 27, and the rail 19 is lowered by its own weight. When the stopper 29 of the rail 19 located at the height of the 14th floor is lowered until it reaches the load receiving plate 43 of the housing 25 of the non-powered lowering means 13 installed on the 13th floor, the stopper 29 is placed on the load receiving plate 43. The rail 19 is stopped and the descent of the rail 19 is stopped. As a result, the scaffold frame 11 descends by one level and surrounds the 13th to 16th floors.

  As described above, after dismantling the upper floor and dismantling, the rod of the jack 55 of the release mechanism 41 installed on the upper floor is extended to release the load loaded on the load receiving plate 43 and insert it. The demounting pin 49 of the demounting device 45 is removed, the rod is contracted and the rail 19 is lowered, and the stopper 29 is locked by the load receiving plate 43 of the non-powered descent means 13 installed on the lower floor to stop the descent. A series of work is defined as one cycle, and this cycle is repeated a plurality of times until the scaffold frame 11 reaches the first floor.

  Therefore, according to the mobile scaffold 1 of the present embodiment, since the rail 19 connected to the scaffold frame 11 is lowered by its own weight, a driving device such as an electric motor for lowering the rail 19 becomes unnecessary, and the mobile scaffold 1 can be reduced in weight. Further, by downsizing the mobile scaffold 1, it is possible to reduce capital investment. In addition, the scaffold plate 7 can be lowered together with the rail 19 without detaching from the rail 19, and work such as replacement of the scaffold plate 7 is eliminated, so that the construction period can be shortened. Further, by lowering the rail 19 to which the scaffold board 7 is connected from the upper floor side to the lower floor side, it is not necessary to install the rail 19 from the ground to the uppermost floor of the high-rise building 3. Therefore, work such as installation and disassembly of the rail 19 is eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.

  Further, according to the mobile scaffold 1 of the present embodiment, in order to cover the entire high-rise building 3 in order to install the scaffold frame 11 so as to surround the outer periphery of a minimum number of multiple floors including the floor where the dismantling work is performed. In comparison, the material cost of the scaffold and the assembly / disassembly period can be shortened, and the disassembly cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the scaffold frame 11 is installed on the outer periphery of the minimum number of floors necessary for the dismantling work, the aesthetic appearance is not impaired.

  Moreover, according to the mobile scaffold 1 of this embodiment, since the brake geared reduction gear 37 that can suppress the descending speed of the rail 19 is provided, the rail 19 can be safely lowered within a preset speed range. It becomes possible. Since the stopper 29 of the rail 19 is locked by the load receiving plate 43, the rail 19 can be stopped and held at a desired height. Further, since the latch 53 is rotated by the jack 55 and meshed with the rack 27 of the rail 19, the rail 19 can be surely pushed upward to release the load on the load receiving plate 43.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the mobile scaffold 1 according to the present invention is applied to a high-rise building 3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the high-rise building 3 and may be applied to, for example, medium- and low-rise buildings and bridges. Is possible.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the example which applied the mobile scaffold 1 by this invention to the demolition work was demonstrated, it is not limited to a demolition work, For example, it applies also to maintenance work, such as a building and a bridge It is possible.

  In the present embodiment, the method using four rails 19 has been described. However, the number of rails 19 is not limited to this number, and can be changed as appropriate according to the field conditions such as the width of the high-rise building 3. .

It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the movable scaffold which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention to the high-rise building. It is a side view which shows the state which attached the mobile scaffold which concerns on this embodiment to a high-rise building. It is a top view which shows the state which attached the mobile scaffold which concerns on this embodiment to a high-rise building. It is a perspective view which shows the non-power-falling means which concerns on this embodiment, and is a figure which shows the state with which the rail was hold | maintained by the non-power-falling means. It is a side view which permeate | transmits and shows a part of non-power-falling means which concerns on this embodiment, and is a figure which shows the state with which the rail was hold | maintained by the non-power-falling means. It is a perspective view which shows the non-power-falling means which concerns on this embodiment, and is a figure which shows the state immediately after a rail starts a fall. It is a side view which permeate | transmits and shows a part of non-power-lowering means based on this embodiment, and is a figure which shows the state immediately after a rail starts a fall. It is a figure which shows the use condition of the mobile scaffold which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the use condition of the mobile scaffold which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the use condition of the mobile scaffold which concerns on this embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mobile scaffold 3 High-rise building 5 Peripheral surface 7 Scaffold plate 9 Connecting material 11 Scaffold frame 13 Non-powered descent means 15 Support bracket 17 Panel 19 Rail 21 Speed control mechanism 23 Rail holding mechanism 25 Housing 27 Rack 29 Stopper 31 Arm 33 Fall prevention Net 35 Pinion gear 37 Reducer with brake 39 Support mechanism 41 Release mechanism 43 Load receiving plate 44 Counterweight 45 Insertion / removal device 47 Support pin 49 Detachment pin 51 Spring 53 Latch 55 Jack 57 Support stand

Claims (7)

A mobile scaffold that is movable downward along the outer peripheral surface of the structure,
A scaffold frame having a scaffold plate;
Rail fixed to the structure side of the scaffold frame so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical;
Non-powered descent means attached to the structure and supporting the rail so that it can be lowered by its own weight ;
The rail includes a protrusion fixed to a predetermined position, and a rack extending in the longitudinal direction,
The speed suppression mechanism includes a pinion gear meshing with the rack, and a speed reducer with a brake coupled to the pinion gear,
The rail holding mechanism is locked to the protrusion of the rail, thereby releasing the locking mechanism holding the rail and releasing the locking state between the support mechanism and the protrusion. A mobile scaffold characterized by comprising a mechanism .   The non-power-lowering means is attached to the structure at one end side so as to be detachable from the structure, and the other end is attached to the structure via a support bracket attached to the non-power-falling means. The mobile scaffold according to 1. The powerless lowering means is
A speed suppressing mechanism for suppressing the descent speed of the rail;
The mobile scaffold according to claim 1, further comprising a rail holding mechanism capable of holding the position of the rail. The support mechanism is
A load receiving plate for locking the protrusion,
The mobile scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an insertion / removal device that supports a load loaded on the load receiving plate and is detachable from the load receiving plate. . The release mechanism is
A latch that meshes with the rack;
The movable scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a meshing device that meshes the latch with the rack and releases a load loaded on the load receiving plate.   The mobile scaffold according to claim 1, wherein the scaffold frame has a predetermined height of a plurality of floors. A rail that is arranged so that its longitudinal direction is substantially vertical along the outer peripheral surface of the structure, and has a projection fixed to a predetermined position and a rack extending in the longitudinal direction;
A non-power lowering means having a speed restraining mechanism that meshes with the rack and restrains the lowering speed due to the weight of the rail, and a rail holding mechanism that can hold the position of the rail by engaging with the protrusion;
A non-powered descent device having one end side detachably attached to the structure and a support bracket attached to the non-powered descent means for supporting the non-power descent means at the other end side. .

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