JP4901638B2 - Power transmission and distribution system to prevent power outages due to lightning accidents - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power transmission and distribution system for preventing a power failure due to a lightning accident.

  A stable supply of electric power is the most important mission for electric power companies, and it is desirable to prevent the electric power supply from being hindered by lightning.

  Conventionally, a lightning moving range and intensity are predicted, and a distribution line with a high probability of occurrence of a lightning accident is distinguished from other distribution lines. Prepare a recovery procedure assuming a lightning accident. When lightning approaches, power is transmitted from the distribution line with a low probability of lightning accidents to prevent power outages to a minimum. Once a lightning accident occurs, power recovery time is reduced by supporting recovery from lightning accidents. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In this case, recovery from a lightning accident can be supported, but it has not been possible to prevent the mission of supplying stable power from being hindered by lightning.

In addition, when a lightning strike occurs in or near a transmission line, transmission line tower, etc., a large failure current flows through the transmission line, so the power transmission facility detects this failure current and isolates the failure section to prevent a power failure. is doing. Then, the circuit breaker is turned on again to energize the failure section. There has also been proposed a system capable of promptly notifying the customer of the minimum necessary information regarding the so-called instantaneous voltage drop, in which the voltage drops instantaneously in a short period of time, but does not result in a power failure (for example, , See Patent Document 2).
JP-A-9-107634 JP 2005-269865 A

  However, in these cases, recovery from a lightning accident can be supported, and the customer can be notified of an instantaneous voltage drop, but it has not been possible to prevent the mission of stable power supply from being hindered by lightning.

  An object of this invention is to provide the power transmission / distribution system which can avoid the power failure by lightning and can supply the electric power stably.

  The inventor has calculated the lightning strike expected range and arrival time from weather information, and found that power transmission by a power transmission line within the lightning strike expected range is stopped in advance, and has completed the following invention.

  (1) A power transmission / distribution system for preventing a power outage due to lightning, a plurality of transmission / distribution lines separated by a plurality of circuit breakers, and a predicting means for predicting the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the transmission / distribution lines; Select the storage means that stores the connection system of the transmission / distribution line and the alternative transmission / distribution line that transmits power to the customer instead when the use of the transmission / distribution line that is expected to generate lightning in the vicinity is stopped When selecting the alternative transmission / distribution line selection means and the alternative transmission / distribution line route, examine the operation contents, operation time, operation angle, loop power flow of each device so as not to cause a power failure, voltage after operation, power flow Operation determination calculation means for calculating determination of stability, etc., display means for displaying the operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means, and each device connected to the system based on the operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means Manipulate Power transmission and distribution system, comprising: a work means.

  The invention of (1) is a power transmission / distribution system that prevents a power failure caused by lightning, and a plurality of power transmission / distribution lines are separated by a plurality of circuit breakers. Prediction means for predicting the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the transmission and distribution lines, and storage means for storing the connection system of the transmission and distribution lines. When the occurrence of lightning is predicted in the vicinity, an alternative transmission / distribution line route for transmitting electric power to the customer is selected by the alternative transmission / distribution line selection means when the use of the transmission / distribution line is stopped. When an alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected, when an alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected by the operation determination calculation unit, the operation details, operation time, operation angle, Study the loop power flow and calculate the stability of the voltage and power flow after operation. After the calculation, the operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means is displayed on the display means. Each device connected to the system is operated by the operation means based on the operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means.

  In this way, the use of the transmission / distribution line in which the occurrence of lightning is predicted in the vicinity is stopped, so that damage due to lightning can be avoided. In addition, when an alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected, the operation determination calculation means performs the operation determination calculation, so that power can be supplied stably. Here, the operation determination calculation is to examine the operation content, operation time, operation angle, loop power flow of each device so that a power failure will not occur when an alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected. Determining stability.

  Here, the contents displayed by the display means can be viewed and corrected by the operator, or can be operated directly by the operation means based on the calculation result.

  (2) The storage means stores in advance the thundercloud movement direction and speed data, and the prediction means uses the received weather information and the data stored in the storage means to transmit the data. The power transmission and distribution system according to (1), which predicts the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the distribution line.

  According to the invention according to (2), since the past data of the moving direction and speed of the thundercloud are stored in advance in the storage means, the prediction by the prediction means can be made more accurate. Since the thundercloud moving direction and speed are affected by the topography and the surrounding weather conditions, it is desirable to store the conditions together with these.

  (3) The transmission / distribution system according to (1), wherein the plurality of transmission / distribution lines are connected to two or more transmission / distribution lines that supply power to each demand destination.

  According to the invention described in (3), since two or more transmission / distribution lines supplying power to each demand destination are connected, power is transmitted from the other even when one of the transmission / distribution lines is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to continue supplying power to the customer. As a specific method, it is more desirable to connect the power transmission lines in a loop, and to connect a plurality of power transmission lines in a loop. Further, it is desirable that the distribution line is also based on a loop distribution system, a spot network system, and a low voltage network system.

  (4) The storage means further stores a lightning shielding level calculated in advance for each transmission / distribution line, and the lightning shielding level of each transmission / distribution line stored in the storage means and the vicinity of the prediction means. The alternative transmission / distribution line selection means further comprises means for determining an alternative transmission / distribution line for determining the transmission / distribution line whose use is to be stopped by predicting the occurrence of lightning in and replacing the transmission line with electric power transmitted to the consumer (2 ) Or (3).

  In the power transmission / distribution system described in (4), the lightning shielding level calculated for each power transmission / distribution line is stored in advance. Damage caused by lightning can be avoided by transmitting power through the power transmission and distribution lines and stopping the power transmission and distribution lines having a low lightning shielding level.

  Here, the lightning shielding level is a level at which a power line is protected from lightning by an overhead ground line, a lightning rod, or the like, with an overhead ground line extending over the power line.

  According to the present invention, power failure due to lightning can be avoided by predicting damage caused by lightning in advance and stopping the predicted transmission and distribution lines.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This is merely an example, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a transmission / distribution line system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between an example of thundercloud movement and a transmission / distribution system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific example of the power transmission and distribution system according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the operation of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the operation of the power transmission and distribution system of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the power transmission / distribution system 1 according to the present invention obtains meteorological information 20 via a communication line 40 and predicts the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the power transmission / distribution line. Alternative transmission / distribution line selection means 120 for selecting an alternative transmission / distribution transmission line route for transmitting electric power to the customer instead of when the use of the transmission / distribution line expected to generate lightning is stopped, and a connection system for the transmission / distribution line Storage means 140, operation determination calculation means 130 for performing an operation determination calculation when an alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected, a display means 150 for displaying an operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means 130, and an operation determination calculation an operation unit 160 for operating the respective devices connected to the system based on the operation determination result of means 130, a plurality of substations _{TR 1,} TR 2, · · ·, breaker _S 1 installed in TR _{m, S 2} , ... Comprises transmission and distribution lines _H k of the plurality of lines separated by _Sm, C _j, D h, and _{U a,} a. The communication line 40 may be the Internet using a public communication line.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a power system stability calculation system 200 is provided and connected to the operation determination calculation means 130, and the selected alternative transmission / distribution line is connected to the power system stability calculation system 200. When the input is changed, the stability of the power system is calculated, and the data of the loop power flow examination and stability determination (voltage, frequency, power flow determination after operation) are transferred to the operation determination calculation means 130, and the result The operation determination calculation means 130 may make the determination. Electric utilities with large-scale systems have built power system stability calculation systems. This is because it is desirable to utilize the stability calculation system of the power system.

  The prediction unit 110, the alternative transmission / distribution line selection unit 120, the operation determination calculation unit 130, the storage unit 140, and the display unit 150 may be integrated as the electronic computer 100. The electronic computer 100 can be realized by installing a dedicated computer program in an electronic computer such as a commercially available personal computer or workstation.

  Power generation that causes lightning occurs with deep wet convection (cumulonimbus). Lightning generation can be predicted by predicting the generation and movement of cumulonimbus clouds. The generation and movement of cumulonimbus clouds changes depending on the weather conditions and topography at that time, but generally it moves from mountain areas to plain areas in many cases.

As shown in FIG. 2, power transmission and distribution system of the present invention, power plants _{G 1, G 2, ···,} G n, transmission lines _{H 1,} H 2 of power supply system, · · ·, _{H k,} substation _{TR 1, TR 2, ···,} TR m, transmission lines _{C 1,} C 2 of the linkage system, ···, _{C j,} transmission lines _D 1 of the to the power distribution _{system, D 2, ···, D h} , distribution system _{U 1, U 2, ···,} comprises a _{U a.} The power plants G ₁ , G ₂ ,..., G _n are nuclear power plants, hydroelectric power plants, thermal power plants, and the like. These power plants will be built away from the large cities that are in demand because of the difficulty of location. Generated electric power is high voltage to reduce the transmission loss (500KV, 275KV, 220KV, 187KV, etc.) transmission lines _H 1 substation to power supply system _to, H _{2, ···,} is power transmission to large cities by _{H k} The The electric power transmitted to the suburbs of large cities is connected in a loop by substations TR ₁ , TR ₂ ,..., TR _m , and transmission lines C ₁ , C _{2 ,.} .

The electric power connected in a loop is transformed into a low voltage (154 KV to 22 KV) via the substations TR ₁ , TR ₂ ,..., TR _m , and the transmission lines D ₁ , D ₂ ,. -, distribution system _{U 1,} U 2 in _{D h,} ···, _{U a} the demand end is transmitting in _{US 1,} US 2, · · ·, is supplied to the US _h. The transmission lines of the distribution system and the linkage system are connected to each other via a substation. Further, the transmission lines D ₁ , D ₂ ,..., D _{h of} the distribution system are also connected in a loop shape. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, two or more power transmission and distribution lines for supplying power are connected to each of the demand destinations US ₁ , US ₂ ,..., US _h . Thus, even when the power transmission line is stopped by lightning or the like on one transmission / distribution line route, power is supplied to the demand destination.

  In addition, although the connection system of an actual electric power company's transmission / distribution electric wire is complicated as shown in FIG. 3, in order to make the explanation of the present invention easy to understand, in FIG. is doing.

  Next, the operation of the power transmission and distribution system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the meteorological information 20 is received from the Japan Meteorological Agency via the communication line 40 (S110). Reception is newly received in order to update at regular intervals. Weather information is information related to lightning occurrence prediction. Specifically, as of the filing date of the present application, the radar precipitation nowcast on the homepage of the Japan Meteorological Agency, analysis rainfall / short precipitation forecast, etc. The radar precipitation nowcast is predicted up to 1 hour ahead at the time of filing of the present application, and the short-term forecast of analysis rainfall and precipitation is forecasted up to 6 hours ahead. Therefore, information stored in the storage means 140 is combined with these information. It is possible to accurately predict the occurrence of lightning by reading and comparing.

  Next, the prediction unit 110 that predicts the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the transmission / distribution line (S120). Specifically, based on the received weather information such as the radar precipitation nowcast described above, for example, if the precipitation intensity per hour is 80 mm / h or more, it is predicted that a thunderous cumulonimbus is occurring and lightning is predicted. Confirm the range. Next, the past information stored in the storage unit 140 is read out, and the moving direction, speed, and strength of the lightning strike prediction range are calculated. The calculated prediction result is compared with the connection system of the transmission and distribution lines stored in the storage unit 140 (S120).

  By comparison, a transmission / distribution line in which lightning is expected is determined (S130). The time required for the expected lightning strike range to reach the determined transmission / distribution line is calculated (S130). Moreover, when the power transmission / distribution by the power transmission / distribution line where lightning strike is expected is stopped, the alternative transmission / distribution line selection unit 120 selects an alternative transmission / distribution line route for transmitting power to the customer instead (S135).

Next, an operation determination calculation of the selected alternative transmission / distribution line route is performed by the operation determination calculation means 130 (S140). Specifically, the operation on the operation contents of the respective devices constituting the system and operation time required to use an alternate electric transmission paths the power transmission and distribution and stopping by transmission and distribution lines that lightning is anticipated. Further, the operation angle and loop power flow are examined, and the operation determination calculation means 130 determines the voltage, frequency, and power flow stability after the operation. As described above, the selected alternative transmission / distribution line route is input to the stability calculation system 200 of the power system, the stability calculation of the power system when the change is made, the loop power flow examination, the stability determination (after operation) (Voltage, frequency, power flow determination) data may be transferred to the operation determination calculation means 130, and the operation determination calculation means 130 may determine based on the result.

  The display unit 150 displays the calculated determination result, the alternative transmission / distribution line route, the operation content of each device, and the required operation time. According to the operation contents of each device calculated by the operation determination calculating means 130, each device constituting the power transmission and distribution system 1 can be automatically operated by the operation means 160. On the other hand, until the system is stabilized, it is desirable that an operator or the like confirms the contents displayed by the display unit 150 to perform the operation.

A specific example of the operation is shown in FIG. The display of the calculation result by the display means 150 is confirmed, and the operation differs depending on whether the lightning expected area is a single system as shown in FIG. 2 or a plurality of systems. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the single system is a case where a cumulonimbus or the like, which is a lightning expected range, passes through the transmission line C ₁ of the linkage system and the transmission line D ₁ to the distribution system. In other words, it occurs clouds like a lightning expected range at time T1, and gradually grow time T2, T3, is the case to reach the vicinity of the transmission line C ₁ and the transmission line D ₁ at time T4.

Next, the time is determined (S240), and if it is determined that the operation time is longer than the arrival time, the operation is terminated without performing a specific operation (S350). If it is determined that the operation time is equal to or shorter than the arrival time, the calculation result is output to the operation means 160 (S250). Then, an instruction to start operation 1 as shown in FIG. 2 is given (S260). Specifically, at time T1, an operation is performed on the system equipment related to the power failure operation of the power transmission line C ₁ and the power transmission line D ₁ . After the time T7 lightning expected disappears performs an operation to the device of the system associated with the recovery operations of the transmission line C1, transmission lines D _1.

  When a start instruction is given, a specific operation program is read from the storage unit 140 and transferred to the operation unit 160 (S270). Then, operation 1 is executed (S280), and the process is terminated after the restoration operation is executed (S350).

  In this way, power failure due to lightning can be prevented and power can be continuously supplied to consumers.

Next, the case where the lightning strike prediction system extends over a plurality of systems will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an example in which a thundercloud moves across a plurality of systems and a power transmission and distribution system. As shown in FIG. 6, a thundercloud crosses over the transmission line C ₂ of the linkage system, the transmission lines D ₁ and D ₂ to the distribution system, and later the transmission line C _{3 of} the linkage system and the transmission line D ₃ to the distribution system It disappears across.

  The operation in the case as shown in FIG. 6 is different from that described above with reference to FIG. 4 in that the lightning expected power transmission / distribution line relates to five power transmission lines. In addition, if all of these five transmission lines are stopped, power cannot be sent to the customer, and a power failure occurs. Therefore, the storage means 140 further stores the lightning shielding level calculated for each transmission and distribution line in advance, and the lightning shielding level of each transmission and distribution line stored in the storage means 140 and the vicinity by the prediction means 110. The transmission / distribution line whose use is to be stopped is determined based on the predicted generation of lightning, and the alternative transmission / distribution line selection unit 120 further selects an alternative transmission / distribution line route for transmitting power to the customer instead.

  Here, the lightning shielding level is a level at which a power line is protected from lightning by an overhead ground line, a lightning rod, or the like, with an overhead ground line extending over the power line. The scope of protection has been studied, and it was specified in JIS-A 4201 in 2003 based on the idea of the rotating sphere method. Based on this concept, it is desirable to determine the lightning shielding level for each transmission and distribution line. For details, see “Lightning rod and lightning shield”, Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol. 125, No. 6, 2005, pages 356-359.

  Specifically, it investigates whether there is an alternative transmission / distribution route even if it stops from a transmission line with a low lightning shielding level among lightning expected transmission / distribution wires. A transmission line with a high lightning shielding level may be used with priority. By doing so, a power failure due to lightning can be prevented. The other parts are the same as those described above with reference to FIG.

  The operation in the case of FIG. 6 corresponds to a plurality of systems in FIG. 5, and will be described below with reference to the right side of FIG.

  If it is determined that there are a plurality of systems, the time is then determined (S290). If it is determined that the operation time is longer than the arrival time, the operation is terminated without performing a specific operation (S350). If it is determined that the operation time is equal to or shorter than the arrival time, the calculation result is output to the operation means 160 (S300). Then, an instruction to start operation 2 as shown in FIG. 6 is given (S310).

Specifically, at time T1, the transmission line C _2, performs the operation on the apparatus of the related system with low lightning shielding level power failure operation of the power transmission line D ₂ of the transmission line D _2. After the time T4 lightning forecast has disappeared performs the operation of the equipment of the system associated with the recovery operation of the transmission line D _2.

At time T4, an operation is performed on the system equipment related to the power failure operation of the power transmission line C ₃ and the power transmission line D ₃ . After time T7 when the lightning strike is extinguished, an operation is performed on the system equipment related to the restoration operation of the transmission line C ₃ and the transmission line D ₃ .

  When a start instruction is given, a specific operation program is read from the storage unit 140 and transferred to the operation unit 160 (S320). Then, the operation 2 is executed (S340), and the operation is finished after the restoration operation is executed (S350).

  In this way, power failure due to lightning can be prevented and power can be continuously supplied to consumers.

[Hardware configuration of electronic computer]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the electronic computer 100 described in FIG. The electronic computer 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 510 (a plurality of CPUs such as a CPU 512 may be added in a multiprocessor configuration), a bus line 505, a communication I / F 540, a main memory 550, a BIOS (Basic Input / Output System) 560, USB port 590, I / O controller 570, and input means such as a keyboard and mouse 592.

  Storage means 140 such as a hard disk 574, an optical disk drive 576, and a semiconductor memory 578 can be connected to the I / O controller 570.

  The BIOS 560 stores a boot program executed by the CPU 510 when the electronic computer 100 is activated, a program depending on the hardware of the electronic computer 100, and the like.

  The hard disk 574 constituting the storage unit 140 stores various programs for the electronic computer 100 to function as a computer and programs for executing the functions of the present invention, and can configure various databases as necessary.

  As the optical disk drive 576, for example, a DVD-ROM drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD-RAM drive, or a CD-RAM drive can be used. In this case, the optical disk 577 corresponding to each drive is used. A program or data may be read from the optical disk 577 by the optical disk drive 576 and provided to the main memory 550 or the hard disk 574 via the I / O controller 570.

  The program provided to the electronic computer 100 is provided by being stored in a recording medium such as a hard disk 574, an optical disk 577, or a memory card. This program may be installed in the electronic computer 100 and executed by being read from the recording medium via the I / O controller 570 or downloaded via the communication I / F 540.

  The aforementioned program may be stored in an internal or external storage medium. Here, as a storage medium constituting the storage unit 140, in addition to the hard disk 574, the optical disk 577, or the memory card, a magneto-optical recording medium such as an MD can be used. Further, a storage device such as a hard disk 574 or an optical disk library provided in a server system connected to a dedicated communication line or the Internet may be used as a recording medium, and the program may be provided to the electronic computer 100 via the communication line.

  Here, the display unit 150 displays a screen for accepting data input to the user or displays the calculation processing result by the server 10, and includes a cathode ray tube display device (CRT), a liquid crystal display device (LCD), and the like. Display devices.

  Here, the input means accepts input by the user, and may be constituted by a keyboard and a mouse 592 or the like.

  The communication I / F 540 is a network adapter that enables the electronic computers 100 to be connected to each other via a dedicated network or a public network. The communication I / F 540 may include a modem, a cable modem, and an Ethernet (registered trademark) adapter.

  As mentioned above, although demonstrated using embodiment of this invention, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. Various modifications or improvements can be added to the above embodiment. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the prediction means may use a method based on prediction in a mesh divided into regions for each region.

1 is a schematic block diagram of a power transmission / distribution system according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an example of the movement of a thundercloud, and a power transmission / distribution system. It is a figure which shows an example of the concrete power transmission / distribution system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows operation | movement of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation of the power transmission and distribution system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the example in which the movement of a thundercloud extends over several systems, and a power transmission / distribution system. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of an electronic computer 100. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

20 Meteorological information 40 Communication line 100 Computer 110 Prediction means 120 Alternative transmission / distribution line selection means 130 Operation determination calculation means 140 Storage means 150 Display means 160 Operation means 200 Power system stability calculation system TRm Substation Hk, Cj, Dh, Ua Transmission and distribution line

Claims (4)

A power transmission and distribution system that prevents power outages due to lightning,
A plurality of transmission and distribution lines separated by a plurality of circuit breakers;
Predicting means for predicting the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the transmission and distribution lines;
Storage means for storing a connection system of the transmission and distribution lines;
An alternative transmission / distribution line route selection means for selecting an alternative transmission / distribution line route for transmitting electric power to the customer instead of when the use of the transmission / distribution line predicted to generate lightning in the vicinity is stopped;
When the alternative transmission / distribution line route is selected, the operation details, operation time, operation angle, and loop power flow of each device are examined so as not to cause a power failure, and the stability of voltage, power flow, etc. after operation is calculated. Operation determination calculation means;
Display means for displaying an operation determination result of the operation determination calculating means;
Operation means for operating each device connected to the system based on the operation determination result of the operation determination calculation means,
Power transmission / distribution system. In the storage means, past data of the moving direction and speed of thunderclouds are stored in advance,
The power transmission / distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the prediction means predicts the occurrence of lightning in the vicinity of the power transmission / distribution line based on the received weather information and data stored in the storage means.   2. The power transmission / distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of power transmission / distribution lines are connected to two or more power transmission / distribution lines that supply power to each customer. The storage means further stores a lightning shielding level calculated for each transmission and distribution line in advance,
An alternative in which a transmission / distribution line whose use is to be stopped is determined based on a lightning shielding level of each transmission / distribution line stored in the storage means and a lightning occurrence prediction in the vicinity by the prediction means, and the electric power is transmitted to a consumer instead. The power transmission / distribution system according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising means for selecting a power transmission / distribution line route in the alternative power transmission / distribution line selection unit.

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