JP4914744B2 - Active vibration control device for building structure and active vibration control method for building structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damping device and a vibration damping method for a building structure that constitutes a secondary vibration system for a building structure such as a house and suppresses vibration in the building structure that is a main vibration system. The present invention relates to an active vibration damping device and an active vibration damping method for a building structure that can obtain an active vibration damping effect by exerting an exciting force in a direction.

  In building structures such as ordinary houses and offices, horizontal vibrations may occur due to external forces such as traffic vibrations acting as excitation forces. In particular, in recent years, ordinary houses and the like have become more and more two-storied and three-storied due to wooden structures and lightweight steel structures, etc., and because of these structures, vibrations on the second and third floors tend to increase. In addition, slight vibration due to traffic vibration has become a problem as a cause of unpleasant vibration, unpleasant noise at the time of sleeping or working, for example.

  By the way, as an active type damping device which is a kind of damping device for a building structure, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-300478), Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-41714), and the like. A structure has been proposed in which an additional mass member supported by a sliding mechanism such as a linear bearing with respect to a building structure is relatively displaced by a ball screw mechanism or the like driven by an electric motor. Yes. However, these conventional vibration control devices for building structures were originally developed for the purpose of reducing vibration during earthquakes in high-rise buildings, and are very large-scale and small building structures such as ordinary houses and offices. It was not suitable for use. In particular, if the frequency of operation is low, such as vibration control during earthquakes in high-rise buildings, it will not be a big problem, but if it is operated almost constantly, such as vibration control of traffic vibration, fatigue and wear of the sliding mechanism and ball screw mechanism will occur. There is also a problem that is likely to become a very big problem. .

  Therefore, the applicant previously described in Patent Document 3 (Patent No. 3807169) and Patent Document 4 (Patent No. 375926) as an active vibration control device suitable for small buildings such as ordinary houses, This paper proposes an active vibration control device for a building structure with a structure in which the mass member elastically supported by the building structure is subjected to a horizontal excitation force by a vibration means such as an electromagnetic actuator.

  In each of the active vibration damping devices previously proposed in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the mass member and its elastic support are provided for the purpose of efficiently applying the excitation force by the excitation means to the mass member. It has been considered desirable to tune the natural frequency of a vibration system composed of members so as to match the frequency of vibration to be damped in a building structure. This is because the active damping effect exerted on the building structure based on the displacement of the mass member can be improved by covering the mass member and greatly displacing the mass member by the resonance action.

  However, when the present inventor repeated further experiments and examinations, the active vibration damping devices proposed in Patent Documents 3 and 4 can obtain the desired vibration damping effect sufficiently stably and efficiently. However, it has been found that there is still a prediction of improvement. In particular, vibrations that are a problem in building structures are accompanied by changes in the conditions of vibration sources such as the weight of automobiles traveling in the vicinity, as well as changes in the conditions of vibrating bodies such as building foundation strength and frame strength due to fine rain, The frequency changes somewhat, but if there is such a change in the vibration frequency to be damped, even if the oscillating means changes and adjusts the oscillating force applied to the mass member, the damping effect There was a case where it was greatly reduced.

JP-A-2-3000047 JP 9-41714 A Japanese Patent No. 3807169 Japanese Patent No. 3752926

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the problem to be solved is that the structure is simple and compact, and it is suitably used for small buildings such as ordinary houses. And a new active vibration damping device for a building structure capable of stably obtaining a desired active vibration damping effect even when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes. And providing an active vibration control method.

  Hereinafter, the aspect of this invention made | formed in order to solve such a subject is described. In addition, each aspect described below can be employed in any combination as much as possible. The aspects and technical features of the present invention are not limited to those described below, but are described in the whole specification and drawings, or based on the inventive concept that can be grasped by those skilled in the art from these descriptions. It should be understood that

  That is, the present invention is characterized in that a dynamic vibration absorber is formed by elastically supporting a mass member on a building structure, and the mass member is applied to the mass member in a horizontal vibration direction to be damped in the building structure. In an active vibration damping device for a building structure provided with a vibration means that exerts a vibration force on the contrary, the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is reduced with respect to the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure. A support member for supporting the vibration means on the building structure is provided on the other hand, and the reaction force of the vibration force exerted on the mass member by the vibration means is passed through the support member. And by controlling the frequency of the excitation force exerted on the mass member by the excitation means in a higher frequency range than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber. And in the building structure The excitation force frequency corresponding to the vibration frequency to be damped by have in providing the vibration control means controls the operation of the the pressurized actuating mechanism as on the mass member.

  In the vibration damping device for a building structure having such a structure according to the present invention, the elasticity of a rubber elastic body or the like is the same as that described in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 3 and 4 which is the prior application of the present applicant. Active vibration damping device suitable for small-scale buildings such as ordinary houses by adopting dynamic vibration absorber with mass member elastically supported by support means and adopting vibration means such as electromagnetic vibrator Is feasible. In addition, in the invention of the present application, the vibration damping device described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 is completely different from the basic technical idea, and (1) when the vibration frequency to be damped changes. (2) Efficiently exerts a destructive excitation force that can exert an effective vibration damping effect on the building structure. It was possible to make it possible.

  That is, the basic concept of the conventional general active vibration damping device is to “tune the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber so as to match the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure”. As a result, in the vibration frequency range to be damped, a large excitation force can be built simply by applying a small excitation force to the dynamic absorber using the resonance action of the mass-spring system in the dynamic absorber. It is possible to obtain an excellent vibration damping effect on the structure. However, in such an active vibration damping device having a conventional structure, as described above, when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes, the vibration damping effect is remarkably reduced or the vibration control is not effective. There was a problem of becoming stable. As a result of diligent research by the inventor of the present invention, the inventors have come to know that a sudden change in phase may have an effect.

  Specifically, it is well known that in a vibration system consisting of a mass-spring system such as a dynamic vibration absorber, there is a point of phase reversal with the input vibration in the vicinity of its natural frequency (resonance frequency). ing. The building structure itself has a natural frequency, and it can be easily imagined that the vibration in question in the building structure is in a frequency range corresponding to this natural frequency. However, the vibration frequency to be damped in a building structure is actually a small region of several Hz or less depending on the difference in the weight, type, speed, etc. of the vehicle traveling near the vibration source. The inventor has confirmed that When there is a change in the vibration frequency to be damped, the signal obtained by detecting the vibration state in the actual building structure is used as a reference signal to apply to the dynamic vibration absorber. In the active vibration damping device that actively controls the vibration force, the excitation force is changed and controlled following the change of the vibration frequency.

  However, as described above, in a dynamic vibration absorber that is originally tuned to the natural frequency range, even if the frequency changes slightly, the phase changes greatly, so that the phase control of the vibrator becomes very difficult. . For this reason, when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes, stable excitation control and, therefore, counteracting excitation exerted on the building structure based on the vibration of the dynamic vibration absorber It is estimated that it will be difficult to obtain sufficient force, and it will be difficult to achieve the desired damping effect stably.

  In addition, the active vibration damping device of the conventional structure tuned to match the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber as described above with the vibration frequency (natural frequency of the building structure) to be damped in the building structure. Then, by using the resonance action of the dynamic vibration absorber, the objective is to amplify the small excitation force exerted by the excitation means into a large excitation force and exert a relative excitation force on the building structure. Therefore, when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure deviates from the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, the resonance action of the dynamic vibration absorber It is inevitable that the amplification effect of the excitation force based on it will be greatly reduced. For this reason, it is impossible to exert a large relative excitation force to the extent that an effective damping action is exerted on the building structure. This is considered to be one of the causes of inefficiency and instability.

  Here, the active vibration damping device according to the present invention employs a “configuration in which the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is set to the low frequency side with respect to the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure”. In addition, “addition for controlling the operation of the excitation means so as to exert an excitation force on the mass member at a frequency higher than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber and corresponding to the vibration frequency to be controlled in the building structure. By providing the “vibration control means”, even when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes, a large change in phase is avoided. Therefore, following the change of the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure, the vibration force exerted on the dynamic vibration absorber from the vibration means can be stably controlled. Moreover, since the dynamic vibration absorber is originally used at a position outside the natural frequency, even if the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes, a significant drop in the vibration damping effect is a problem. There is no such thing.

  In addition, in the active vibration damping device according to the present invention, a “support member for supporting the vibration means on the building structure” is provided, and “the reaction force of the vibration force exerted on the mass member by the vibration means is supported. By adopting the configuration that affects the building structure through the members, it is difficult to obtain the effect of the resonance magnification by using the dynamic vibration absorber at a position outside the natural frequency as described above. Nevertheless, it is possible to obtain an excellent damping effect by efficiently applying the excitation force by the excitation means to the building structure.

  More specifically, in the active vibration damping device according to the present invention, the mass member is elastically supported by the building structure via a rubber mount (elastic support member) or the like, so that the building is elastically supported by the mass member. One vibration system (dynamic vibration absorber) acting as a secondary vibration system for the structure is configured. Moreover, the vibration force by the vibration means is exerted on this one vibration system, and the vibration force by the vibration means is provided with a support member fixed to the building structure. The mass member is elastically supported with respect to the building structure. Thereby, the reaction force of the excitation force exerted on the mass member of the dynamic vibration absorber is exerted on the support member. Here, since the mass member is elastically supported with respect to the building structure, the excitation force exerted on the mass member by the excitation means due to the phase difference accompanying the elastic deformation of the elastic support member. And a reaction force exerted on the support member generate a phase difference. Moreover, as a characteristic fact, this phase difference is substantially the same in the frequency range exceeding the natural frequency in the dynamic vibration absorber constituted by the mass members, and is additively added to the building structure. In addition, in the frequency range that exceeds the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber (secondary vibration system) composed of mass members, it is sure to pass through the dynamic vibration absorber from the vibration means. On the other hand, although the level of the excitation force transmitted to the building structure decreases, the excitation force (as the excitation reaction force of the mass member) transmitted from the excitation means to the building structure through the support member. The level will increase. Therefore, as described above, in the present invention in which the support member is employed in combination with the configuration employing the dynamic vibration absorber having a natural frequency set lower than the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure. Even if it is difficult to use a large excitation force based on the resonance phenomenon of the dynamic vibration absorber, the excitation force exerted by the excitation means is efficiently and stably applied to the building structure to be controlled. As a result, it is possible to effectively and stably obtain a desired active or counteracting damping effect in a building structure.

  In short, in the present invention, the configuration related to the dynamic vibration absorber “the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is set to be lower than the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure” and “excitation The structure according to the support member, which is provided with a support member for supporting the means on the building structure, is combined with each other, so that the structure is large enough to exert an excellent vibration damping effect on the building structure. It is possible to stably and efficiently exert the counteracting exciting force of the above, so that even when the vibration frequency changes, a novel vibration control effect can be stably achieved. An active damping device with a structure could be realized.

By the way, in the active vibration damping device according to the present invention, for example, in the vibration control means, the frequency f of the vibration force exerted on the mass member by the vibration device is the natural vibration of the dynamic vibration absorber. It is desirable that the number f ₀ is set so as to satisfy the following expression.
f ₀ +0.5 (Hz) ≦ f (Hz) ≦ f ₀ × 2 (Hz)

  By applying such frequency tuning, more stable excitation force (that is, active damping effect) can be more efficiently applied to the building structure when the vibration frequency to be controlled in the building structure is changed. It becomes possible to act on it. In addition, although the vibration which becomes a problem in a building structure changes with structures, such as a building structure and a support substrate, generally, it is produced in a comparatively low frequency range of 10 Hz or less.

  Further, in the active vibration damping device according to the present invention, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of vibration means is used, and the vibration force by the vibration means can be exerted on the mass member in different horizontal directions, It can be suitably employed. In this way, by adopting a plurality of vibration means, vibration control in the building structure can be achieved even in the direction of action of the vibration force by each vibration means or the direction of the resultant force of the vibration force by the plurality of vibration means. An effect can be obtained efficiently.

  Further, in the active vibration damping device according to the present invention, for example, based on vibration detection means for detecting vibration of a building structure and a reference signal corresponding to the vibration of the building structure detected by the vibration detection means. Excitation control means configured to include control signal generation means for generating an operation control signal for the excitation means is preferably employed. By adopting such an excitation control means, it becomes possible to quickly cope with a change in the frequency of the building structure.

  In addition, the present invention uses a dynamic vibration absorber in which a mass member is elastically supported on a building structure, and applies an excitation force to the mass member of the dynamic vibration absorber, thereby actively controlling the building structure. When obtaining a vibration effect, a vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure under a state in which a reaction force of an excitation force exerted on the mass member is allowed to act on the building structure, and An active vibration control method for a building structure that applies an excitation force in a frequency range higher than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber to the mass member is also a feature.

  According to such an active vibration damping method, as can be understood from the detailed description of the active vibration damping device having the structure according to the present invention described above, an excellent vibration damping effect is exerted on the building structure. It is possible to stably and efficiently exert a destructive excitation force that is large enough to be able to perform, so that even if the vibration frequency changes, excellent destructive or active damping force can be obtained. The vibration effect can be obtained stably.

Note that when the active damping method according to present invention as the nuclear, for example, dynamic relative natural frequency f ₀ of the vibration absorber, at and f ₀ × 2 Hz or less in the frequency domain by f ₀ + 0.5 Hz or higher, It is desirable to adjust the frequency of the exciting force exerted on the mass member according to the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure.

  Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show an overall schematic configuration of an active vibration damping device 10 for a general house as a first embodiment of the present invention as a side view and a plan view. Such an active vibration damping device 10 itself includes a dynamic vibration absorber 12 that constitutes a secondary vibration system for a building structure (main vibration system) and a vibration absorber that exerts an active vibration suppression effect by exerting an excitation force. It includes an electromagnetic exciter 14 as a vibration means. Then, by applying an excitation force corresponding to the vibration to be damped in the building structure from the electromagnetic exciter 14 to the dynamic vibration absorber 12, the vibration in the building structure as a whole can be canceled or reduced. It is designed to actively reduce interference.

  The basic structure of such an active vibration damping device 10 is known as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 4, etc., but will be briefly described. That is, the dynamic vibration absorber 12 is configured by elastically supporting a main body mass 18 as a mass member with a plurality of rubber mounts 20 as elastic support members with respect to a general housing structural material as a building structure. Has been.

  The main body mass 18 is formed of a high specific gravity material such as an iron-based metal, and has a rectangular block shape as a whole in the present embodiment. Specifically, the main body mass 18 is configured by stacking an appropriate number of rectangular plate-shaped metal mass plates 16 and integrally fixing them with bolts, rivets, welding, or the like (not shown). In the main body mass 18, it is possible to easily cope with the size of the mass of the building structure to be controlled by adjusting the number and thickness of the metal mass plates 16 to be superimposed. Specifically, in order to obtain an effective damping effect, it is desirable to set the mass of the main body mass 18 to about 5% with respect to the mass of the building structure to be damped, but less than that. However, the vibration control effect can be expected.

  The rubber mount 20 includes a rubber block 26. Although not clearly shown in the drawing, upper and lower mounting brackets are fixed to upper and lower ends of the rubber block 26. The lower mounting bracket is placed on the base plate 22 and fixed with bolts or the like, while the upper mounting bracket is superimposed on the lower surface of the main body mass 18 and fixed with bolts or the like. As a result, in cooperation with the plurality of rubber mounts 20, one main body mass 18 is elastically supported on the base plate 22 substantially horizontally.

  The base plate 22 is a flat plate made of a highly rigid metal or the like, and has a rectangular planar shape that is slightly larger than the main body mass 18. In the present embodiment, the main body mass 18 is elastically supported on the base plate 22 by the four rubber mounts 20, 20, 20, 20 disposed near the four corners.

  In the present embodiment, a composite structure in which a plurality of intermediate metal plates 24 are embedded and fixed apart from each other in the height direction of the rubber block 26 is employed as the rubber mount 20. By adopting such an intermediate metal plate 24, it is possible to increase the vertical support spring rigidity while avoiding a significant decrease (higher spring) in the horizontal spring characteristics of the rubber mount 20. . As a result, even when the mass of the main body mass 18 reaches several hundred kg, it is possible to easily secure the support spring rigidity that can be dealt with.

  Further, a support wall 28 as a support member that protrudes upward is fixed to the end edge portion (the right end edge portion in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the base plate 22. The support wall 28 is opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the main body mass 18 while being spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The electromagnetic exciter 14 is mounted at the opposing portion of the support wall 28 and the main body mass 18.

  Such an electromagnetic exciter 14 is also shown in, for example, the above-mentioned Patent Document 3 as an electromagnetic actuator used in an active vibration damping device, but its structure will be briefly described. That is, the electromagnetic exciter 14 includes a large-diameter circular block-shaped base member 30 and a small-diameter circular block-shaped output member 32 that are arranged to face each other in the axial direction on the same central axis. The base member 30 and the output member 32 are elastically connected by an annular block-shaped connecting rubber 38. A guide hole 34 is formed in the base member 30 so as to penetrate the central axis, and a guide rod 36 protruding from the output member 32 on the central axis slides on the guide hole 34. It is inserted in a movable manner. Further, the base member 30 is formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, and the base member 30 is formed with an annular groove 40 that opens to the end surface on the output member 32 side. A permanent magnet 44 is fixedly provided on the peripheral wall surface, thereby forming a yoke that forms a magnetic gap in the annular groove 40. A coil 42 is inserted into the annular groove 40 from the opening side so as to be displaceable in the axial direction, and the coil 42 is fixed to the output member 32 by a transmission member 50. The electromagnetic exciter 14 having such a structure can drive the output member 32 in the axial direction relative to the base member 30 by energizing the coil 42. The magnitude and frequency of the generated driving force can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude and frequency of the pulsating current and the alternating current that are supplied to the motor.

  In the electromagnetic exciter 14, the base member 30 is fixed to the mounting hole 46 penetrating the support wall 28 by press-fitting or the like, while the output member 32 is fixed to the main body mass 18 by the fixing bolt 48. By being fixed at, the drive shaft direction (center axis direction) is mounted in the horizontal direction. By energizing the coil 42 of the electromagnetic exciter 14 in such a mounted state, an exciting force for driving and displacing the main body mass 18 in the horizontal direction with respect to the support wall 28 is generated.

  Thus, the active vibration damping device 10 having the structure as described above has its base plate 22 fixed to a structural material of a small building structure such as a general house with a bolt or the like (not shown). The base plate 22 is mounted in a horizontal state, and the direction of the drive shaft of the electromagnetic exciter 14 (the left-right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) is the vibration direction to be damped in the building structure. In particular, in a general house or the like, it is desirable to install it in the top floor or attic of the top floor where the vibration in the horizontal direction becomes large, so that the damping effect can be obtained more effectively.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a control device 52 as a vibration control unit of the electromagnetic vibrator 14 is provided in the mounted state. The control device 52 includes a vibration sensor 54 as vibration detection means. For example, an acceleration sensor is used as the vibration sensor 54, and the vibration sensor 54 is attached to a structural frame of the building structure (for example, the base plate 22 of the active vibration damping device 10 or the like), so that the vibration to be damped in the building structure. Is detected as an electrical signal.

  Then, using the electrical signal detected by the vibration sensor 54 as a reference signal, an operation control signal for the electromagnetic exciter 14 of the active vibration damping device 10 is generated, and a control signal for controlling the drive power to the coil 42 is generated. A control device 52 is configured including the means 56. The control signal of the driving power to the coil 42 based on the reference signal is generated in real time by controlling the frequency and phase of the excitation force in response to the vibration to be controlled by a known method such as adaptive control. It can be realized by doing so. This technique is well known as a control device for an active vibration isolator for automobiles, for example. For example, based on the detection signal of the vibration sensor 54 that detects the vibration state of the building structure to be damped, the detection signal is supported so that an effective damping effect can be exerted against the vibration. The drive current is output to the coil 42 of the electromagnetic exciter 14. For example, the drive current having a magnitude corresponding to the magnitude of the detection signal is obtained from the data set in advance based on experiments or the like. The feed current is controlled by supplying power with a predetermined phase difference, or the magnitude of the drive current so as to make the vibration value of the building structure included in the detection signal as zero as possible. It is possible to adopt a device that feedback-controls the above. In other words, in the present embodiment, the control device 52 includes the vibration sensor 54 and the control signal generation means 56, and the building structure detected by the vibration sensor 54 should be damped. Based on the vibration frequency, the control signal generator 56 generates an operation control signal for the electromagnetic exciter 14, thereby controlling the frequency of the excitation force exerted on the main body mass 18.

Here, in the above-described active vibration damping device 10, the horizontal natural frequency (resonance frequency) of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 is adjusted by adjusting the overall mass of the main body mass 18 and the spring characteristics of the rubber mount 20: f ₀ is set to be lower than the frequency region intended for damping in the building structure.

Specifically, as the main frequency among the frequencies intended for damping in the building structure, when the natural frequency (resonance frequency) in the vibration direction to be damped in the building structure is f, It is set so as to satisfy the following formula (1).
Formula (1): f ₀ +0.5 (Hz) ≦ f (Hz) ≦ f ₀ × 2 (Hz)

  Thereby, even when the vibration frequency to be damped of the building structure is changed, the vibration to be damped is present in a frequency range higher than the natural frequency in the dynamic vibration absorber 12 of the active vibration damping device 10. Set to As a result, when the electromagnetic exciter 14 is controlled so that the exciting force is exerted on the dynamic vibration absorber 12 at the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure, the vibration and motion of the building structure to be damped. A significant change (inversion, etc.) in the phase difference from the vibration of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 can be avoided, so that the vibration control of the electromagnetic vibration device 14 and the stability of the vibration displacement of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 can be prevented. Will be improved. Therefore, the active vibration damping effect that acts on the building object by exerting an excitation force on the main body mass 18 of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 can be stably exhibited.

  Incidentally, FIG. 4 shows the result of actually measuring the frequency characteristics of the transmission force to the building structure as the vibration damping effect using the active vibration damping device 10 having the structure as described above. Note that the transmission force in FIG. 4 is obtained by measuring the horizontal transmission force exerted from the base plate 22 to the building structure to which the base plate 22 is fixed. Also from the results shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the phase is reversed and greatly changed in the vicinity of about 3.5 Hz which is the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 in the active vibration damping device 10. Is recognized.

  Further, in a region (region X in the figure) where the resonance frequency region (region Y in the figure) is deviated to the low frequency side, the phase is in-phase, and the phase change is relatively large. It is recognized that On the other hand, in the region where the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 deviates to the high frequency side (region Z in the figure), the phase is reversed, and the phase change is smaller than that in the region X ( It can be seen that it is substantially constant over a wide frequency range).

  In addition, in the above-described active vibration damping device 10, the base member 30 of the electromagnetic vibrator 14 is fixedly supported with respect to the base plate 22 via the support wall 28. As a result, the reaction force of the horizontal excitation force exerted on the main body mass 18 of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 by the electromagnetic vibration device 14 is applied to the base plate 22.

  That is, as shown in the explanatory diagram showing the transmission of force in FIG. 5, the horizontal excitation force PA and the reaction force PB exerted on the dynamic vibration absorber 12 by the electromagnetic exciter 14 are both The base plate 22 is transmitted to the building structure. Here, as described above, in the frequency range in which the excitation force of the electromagnetic vibration exciter 14 is applied to the dynamic vibration absorber 12 to obtain an active vibration damping effect, the vibration frequency is the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12. Is set to a higher frequency region Z.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal excitation force PA and the reaction force PB exerted on the dynamic vibration absorber 12 by the electromagnetic exciter 14 are applied to the base plate 22 as a substantially in-phase excitation force. Both of these forces PA and PB are applied to the building structure from the base plate 22 as a substantially additive excitation force PC.

  As a result, not only the horizontal excitation force exerted from the electromagnetic exciter 14 to the dynamic vibration absorber 12 but also the horizontal reaction force exerted on the support wall 28 as an effective reaction force is obtained as an effective excitation force. It will be applied to building structures. Therefore, even if the resonance action of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 cannot be used, an effective vibration damping effect can be obtained by efficiently exerting the excitation force by the electromagnetic vibration generator 14 on the building structure. It becomes possible.

  This can also be confirmed from the experimental results shown in FIG. That is, in the region X in which the resonance frequency region Y of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 deviates to the low frequency side, the resonance force of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 is smaller than the excitation force exerted from the base plate 22 to the building structure. In the region Z where the frequency region Y deviates to the high frequency side, a relatively large excitation force is transmitted from the base plate 22 to the building structure. In addition, in the region Z, the value of the transmission force does not change so much due to the change in frequency. In this experiment, the horizontal excitation force exerted from the base plate 22 to the building structure is such that a triaxial load cell 58 is mounted between the base plate 22 and the building structure as shown in FIG. , By detecting the horizontal force applied to the triaxial load cell 58.

  As is clear from the above description, in the active vibration damping device 10 having the structure according to the present invention, even when the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure changes, the phase in the dynamic vibration absorber 12 is large. The change is avoided, and a large excitation force can be stably applied to the building structure, so that the intended active vibration damping effect can be effectively obtained.

In addition, the effect can be enjoyed more effectively by performing the frequency tuning specified by the above formula (1). That is, the natural frequency f in the vibration direction to be damped in the building structure (horizontal direction as the excitation direction) must be less than 0.5 Hz with respect to the natural frequency f ₀ of the dynamic vibration absorber 12. When the frequency changes slightly, the phase change tends to increase and the stability tends to decrease. On the other hand, when the natural frequency f in the building structure is larger than twice the natural frequency f ₀ of the dynamic vibration absorber 12, it tends to be difficult to obtain the excitation force efficiently.

  In particular, the support wall 28 is provided and the excitation force of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 by the electromagnetic vibration exciter 14 is utilized to effectively exhibit the excitation force as described above on the building structure. In order to obtain the transmission effect more effectively, it is desirable to employ the frequency tuning specified by the above formula (1). This has been confirmed by experiments by the inventor. That is, as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, an excitation state in a frequency range of 3.5 Hz corresponding to the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 ((b) of FIG. 6). In contrast, in the lower frequency region, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the base plate is comprehensively formed even though the excitation force PA has a relatively large peak. Excitation force PC transmitted from 22 to the building structure is small. On the other hand, in the higher frequency region than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12, as shown in FIG. 6C, the peak value itself of the excitation force PA is shown in FIG. Although it is almost the same as the low frequency region, the transmission force PB as a reaction force has a large peak, and as a result, a large excitation force PC transmitted from the base plate 22 to the building structure can be obtained. Specifically, when the data in FIGS. 6A and 6C are compared, in the case of (c) in the high frequency region, the data is twice or more larger than in the case of (a) in the low frequency region. It can be seen that the excitation force PC having the peak of is exhibited.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this is an illustration to the last, Comprising: This invention is not interpreted restrictively at all by the specific description in this embodiment.

  For example, a plurality of electromagnetic vibrators 14 are employed as in an active vibration damping device 70 as another embodiment of the present invention whose plan view is shown in FIG. A horizontal excitation force may be applied to the dynamic vibration absorber 12, or different horizontal directions (horizontal directions orthogonal to each other in the illustrated case) may be applied to the dynamic vibration absorber 12. Is possible.

  In particular, by applying the exciting force in the same direction to the dynamic vibration absorber 12 by the plurality of electromagnetic vibrators 14, the rotational displacement of the main body mass 18 can be suppressed and the translational property can be improved. It is possible to stabilize the displacement and thus further stabilize the vibration damping effect exerted thereby. In addition, by applying exciting forces in different directions to the dynamic vibration absorber 12, it is possible to obtain active vibration damping effects in a plurality of horizontal directions, respectively. In addition, when obtaining the damping effect in a plurality of horizontal directions, the horizontal spring component in the dynamic vibration absorber 12 is different in each horizontal direction as a whole by changing the horizontal spring characteristics in each rubber mount 20. Set as follows. As a result, when a damping effect in a different frequency range is required in each horizontal direction, the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber 12 can be set differently for each frequency, and the active damping effect can be increased. It can be obtained more advantageously.

  The present invention is an active vibration control device for various small to large building structures such as one-story or two-story general houses as well as apartment houses, offices, warehouses, buildings, towers, etc. Needless to say, both are applicable.

1 is a front view showing an active vibration damping device as one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the active vibration damping device shown in FIG. 1. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the mounting state of the electromagnetic vibrator which comprises the active vibration damping device shown by FIG. The graph which shows the measured value of the frequency characteristic of the exciting force of the active type damping device shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the propagation state of the exciting force in the active type damping device shown by FIG. The graph which shows the measured value of the frequency characteristic of the exciting force of the active type damping device shown in FIG. The top view which shows the active type damping device as another embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10: Active vibration damping device, 12: Dynamic vibration absorber, 14: Electromagnetic vibration exciter, 18: Main body mass, 20: Rubber mount, 28: Support wall, 52: Control device, 54: Vibration sensor, 56: Control Signal generation means

Claims (6)

A dynamic vibration absorber is formed by elastically supporting a mass member on a building structure, and an excitation means for applying an excitation force to the mass member in a horizontal vibration direction to be damped in the building structure is provided. In the active vibration control device for the building structure provided,
Provided is a support member for supporting the excitation means on the building structure while setting the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber to the low frequency side with respect to the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure. In addition, the reaction force of the excitation force exerted on the mass member by the vibration means is exerted on the building structure via the support member, and the force exerted on the mass member by the vibration means. By controlling the frequency of the vibration force, an excitation force having a frequency higher than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber and a frequency corresponding to the vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure is applied to the mass member. An active vibration control device for a building structure, characterized in that vibration control means for controlling the operation of the vibration means is provided. In the vibration control means, the frequency f of the vibration force exerted on the mass member by the vibration device is at least f ₀ +0.5 Hz with respect to the natural frequency f ₀ of the dynamic vibration absorber and f The active vibration damping device for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein the vibration damping device is set to ₀ x 2Hz or less.   The active vibration damping device for a building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the vibration means are used, and the vibration force by the vibration means can be exerted on the mass member in different horizontal directions. . Vibration detection means for detecting vibration of the building structure, and control signal generation for generating an operation control signal for the vibration means based on a reference signal corresponding to the vibration of the building structure detected by the vibration detection means Means,
The active vibration control device for a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibration control means is included. When an active vibration absorber in which a mass member is elastically supported on a building structure is used and an excitation force is applied to the mass member of the dynamic vibration absorber, an active vibration damping effect is obtained on the building structure.
Under a state where the reaction force of the excitation force exerted on the mass member is allowed to act on the building structure,
The building structure has a vibration frequency to be damped in the building structure, and an excitation force in a frequency range higher than the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is applied to the mass member. Active vibration control method. Against the natural frequency f ₀ of the dynamic vibration absorber, f ₀ + 0.5 Hz or more and at f ₀ × 2 Hz or less in the frequency domain, the frequency of the excitation force to be exerted on the mass member, said building structure 6. The active damping method for a building structure according to claim 5, wherein the damping is adjusted according to a vibration frequency to be damped.

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