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JP4914749B2 - Variable damping force damper - Google Patents
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JP4914749B2 - Variable damping force damper - Google Patents

Variable damping force damper Download PDF

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JP4914749B2
JP4914749B2 JP2007091720A JP2007091720A JP4914749B2 JP 4914749 B2 JP4914749 B2 JP 4914749B2 JP 2007091720 A JP2007091720 A JP 2007091720A JP 2007091720 A JP2007091720 A JP 2007091720A JP 4914749 B2 JP4914749 B2 JP 4914749B2
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damping force
piston
cylinder
damper
fluid
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JP2008249031A (en
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宜 鋤柄
辰弘 泊
清志 中島
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、流体が充填されたシリンダと、前記シリンダに摺動自在に嵌合して該シリンダを第1、第2流体室に区画するピストンと、前記ピストンに連結されて前記シリンダの端壁を貫通するピストンロッドと、前記ピストンに設けられて前記第1、第2流体室を連通させる流体通路と、前記流体通路の開度を変化させて減衰力を制御する減衰力制御機構とを備えた可変減衰力ダンパーに関する。   The present invention includes a cylinder filled with a fluid, a piston that slidably fits in the cylinder and divides the cylinder into first and second fluid chambers, and an end wall of the cylinder connected to the piston. A piston rod that passes through the fluid passage, a fluid passage that is provided in the piston and communicates with the first and second fluid chambers, and a damping force control mechanism that controls the damping force by changing the opening of the fluid passage. Related to variable damping force damper.

粘性流体が充填されたシリンダを、その内部に摺動自在に嵌合するピストンによって第1、第2流体室に区画し、ピストンを貫通して第1、第2流体室を連通させる流体通路にソレノイドで開閉するスプール弁を配置したものが、下記特許文献1により公知である。この可変減衰力ダンパーによれば、ソレノイドに通電してスプール弁の開度を変化させることでダンパーの減衰力を任意に制御することができる。
特開2004−225834号公報
A cylinder filled with a viscous fluid is partitioned into first and second fluid chambers by a piston slidably fitted therein, and a fluid passage is formed through the piston to communicate the first and second fluid chambers. Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a spool valve that is opened and closed by a solenoid. According to this variable damping force damper, the damping force of the damper can be arbitrarily controlled by energizing the solenoid and changing the opening of the spool valve.
JP 2004-225834 A

ところで、上記特許文献1に記載された可変減衰力ダンパーは、ピストンの内部にソレノイドで作動するスプール弁を配置する必要があるため、部品点数が増加して構造が複雑化するだけでなく、ソレノイドに通電してからスプール弁の開度が変化するまでにタイムラグが存在するため、応答性が低くなる問題があった。   By the way, the variable damping force damper described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 needs to dispose a spool valve that is actuated by a solenoid inside the piston, so that not only the number of parts increases but the structure becomes complicated, the solenoid Since there is a time lag from when the current is supplied to when the opening of the spool valve changes, there is a problem that the responsiveness is lowered.

そこで本出願人は、特願2005−231925号により、ピストンに設けたオリフィスを開閉する磁性合金製のバルブプレートを、ピストンに設けたコイルで変形させて減衰力を制御する可変減衰力ダンパーを提案した。   Therefore, the present applicant proposes a variable damping force damper that controls the damping force by deforming a valve plate made of a magnetic alloy that opens and closes an orifice provided in a piston with a coil provided in the piston, according to Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-231925. did.

この可変減衰力ダンパーによれば、上記特許文献1に記載された可変減衰力ダンパーに比べて高い応答性を得ることが可能であるが、ピストンに入力される荷重の周波数が高くなると、コイルが短い時間間隔で励磁および消磁を繰り返す必要があるため、コイルのインダクタンスの影響で励磁時の電流の立ち上がりが遅れて応答性が低下する可能性があった。   According to this variable damping force damper, it is possible to obtain higher responsiveness than the variable damping force damper described in Patent Document 1, but when the frequency of the load input to the piston is increased, the coil is Since it is necessary to repeat excitation and demagnetization at short time intervals, there is a possibility that the rise of current at the time of excitation is delayed due to the influence of the coil inductance and the response is lowered.

本発明は前述の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、可変減衰力ダンパーのピストンが短い周期で往復動する際に、ピストンに設けた流体通路を開閉する応答性を高めることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to improve the responsiveness of opening and closing a fluid passage provided in a piston when the piston of a variable damping force damper reciprocates at a short cycle.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載された発明によれば、流体が充填されたシリンダと、前記シリンダに摺動自在に嵌合して該シリンダを第1、第2流体室に区画するピストンと、前記ピストンに連結されて前記シリンダの端壁を貫通するピストンロッドと、前記ピストンに設けられて前記第1、第2流体室を連通させる流体通路と、前記流体通路の開度を変化させて減衰力を制御する減衰力制御機構とを備えた可変減衰力ダンパーにおいて、前記減衰力制御機構は、前記流体通路の内部に配置された電極と、前記シリンダの内部に配置された金属体と、前記電極および前記金属体に電圧を印可する電源とを備え、前記電解質溶液中に含まれる前記金属体の金属イオンを前記電極の表面に析出させて前記流体通路の開度を変化させることを特徴とする可変減衰力ダンパーが提案される。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a cylinder filled with a fluid and a slidably fitted to the cylinder are fitted into the first and second fluid chambers. A partitioning piston; a piston rod connected to the piston and penetrating through an end wall of the cylinder; a fluid passage provided in the piston for communicating the first and second fluid chambers; and an opening of the fluid passage. In the variable damping force damper having a damping force control mechanism that controls the damping force by changing the damping force, the damping force control mechanism is arranged in an electrode disposed in the fluid passage and in the cylinder. A metal body, and an electrode and a power source for applying a voltage to the metal body , and depositing metal ions of the metal body contained in the electrolyte solution on a surface of the electrode to change an opening degree of the fluid passage Make Variable damping force damper is proposed, wherein the door.

また請求項2に記載された発明によれば、請求項1の構成に加えて、前記金属体は前記ピストンであることを特徴とする可変減衰力ダンパーが提案される。According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the structure of claim 1, a variable damping force damper is proposed in which the metal body is the piston.

請求項1の構成によれば、可変減衰力ダンパーの減衰力制御機構が、ピストンに設けられて第1、第2流体室を連通させる流体通路の内部に配置された電極と、シリンダの内部に配置された金属体と、それらの電極および金属体に電圧を印可する電源と備えるので、電解質溶液中の金属体の金属イオンを電極の表面に析出させたり、電極の表面に析出した金属を電解質溶液中に溶解させたりすることで、流体通路の開度を任意に変化させてダンパーの減衰力を制御することができる。また減衰力制御機構は可動部分を持たないために構造が簡単で信頼性が高く、しかも高い応答性でダンパーの減衰力を制御することができる。 According to the configuration of the first aspect, the damping force control mechanism of the variable damping force damper is provided in the piston and disposed in the fluid passage for communicating the first and second fluid chambers, and in the cylinder. Since it is equipped with the arranged metal bodies and the power source that applies voltage to the electrodes and the metal bodies , the metal ions of the metal bodies in the electrolyte solution are deposited on the surface of the electrodes, or the metal deposited on the surface of the electrodes is the electrolyte. By dissolving in the solution, the damping force of the damper can be controlled by arbitrarily changing the opening of the fluid passage. Further, since the damping force control mechanism has no movable part, the structure is simple, the reliability is high, and the damping force of the damper can be controlled with high responsiveness.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、添付の図面に示した本発明の実施の形態に基づいて説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

図1〜図5は本発明の実施の形態を示すもので、図1は車両のサスペンション装置の正面図、図2は可変減衰力ダンパーの拡大断面図、図3は図2の3部拡大図、図4は図3の4−4線断面図、図5はピストン速度と減衰力との関係を示すグラフである。   1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of a vehicle suspension device, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a variable damping force damper, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part 3 in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between piston speed and damping force.

図1に示すように、四輪の自動車の車輪Wを懸架するサスペンション装置Sは、車体11にナックル12を上下動自在に支持するサスペンションアーム13と、サスペンションアーム13および車体11を接続する可変減衰力のダンパー14と、サスペンションアーム13および車体11を接続するコイルバネ15とを備える。ダンパー14の減衰力を制御する電子制御ユニットUには、バネ上加速度を検出するバネ上加速度センサSaからの信号と、ダンパー14の変位(ストローク)を検出するダンパー変位センサSbからの信号と、車両の操舵角を検出する操舵角センサScからの信号と、車両の横加速度を検出する横加速度センサSdからの信号と、後述するイオン濃度センサSeからの信号とが入力される。   As shown in FIG. 1, a suspension device S that suspends a wheel W of a four-wheeled vehicle has a suspension arm 13 that supports a knuckle 12 in a vertically movable manner on a vehicle body 11, and a variable damping that connects the suspension arm 13 and the vehicle body 11. A force damper 14 and a coil spring 15 connecting the suspension arm 13 and the vehicle body 11 are provided. The electronic control unit U that controls the damping force of the damper 14 includes a signal from the sprung acceleration sensor Sa that detects the sprung acceleration, a signal from the damper displacement sensor Sb that detects the displacement (stroke) of the damper 14, and A signal from the steering angle sensor Sc that detects the steering angle of the vehicle, a signal from the lateral acceleration sensor Sd that detects the lateral acceleration of the vehicle, and a signal from the ion concentration sensor Se described later are input.

図2に示すように、ダンパー14は、下端がサスペンションアーム13に接続されたシリンダ16と、シリンダ16の上端および下端をそれぞれ閉塞する上部端板17および下部端板18と、シリンダ16に摺動自在に嵌合するピストン19と、ピストン19から上方に延びて上部端板17に設けたシール部材20を液密に貫通し、上端を車体11に接続されたピストンロッド21と、シリンダ16の下部に摺動自在に嵌合するフリーピストン22とを備える。   As shown in FIG. 2, the damper 14 slides on the cylinder 16 having a lower end connected to the suspension arm 13, an upper end plate 17 and a lower end plate 18 closing the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder 16, and the cylinder 16. A piston 19 that fits freely, a piston rod 21 that extends upward from the piston 19 and penetrates the seal member 20 provided on the upper end plate 17 in a liquid-tight manner, and has an upper end connected to the vehicle body 11, and a lower portion of the cylinder 16 And a free piston 22 that is slidably fitted to the housing.

シリンダ16の内部にピストン19により仕切られた上側の第1流体室23および下側の第2流体室24が区画されており、これらの第1、第2流体室23,24には流体が充填される。またラバー製のシール部材29を介してシリンダ16の内周面との間をシールされたフリーピストン22の下部には、高圧ガスが封入されたガス室25が区画される。前記流体は、シリコンオイルのようなダンパー液に硫酸銅溶液のような電解質溶液を混合した混合液で構成される。   An upper first fluid chamber 23 and a lower second fluid chamber 24 partitioned by a piston 19 are defined inside the cylinder 16. The first and second fluid chambers 23 and 24 are filled with fluid. Is done. A gas chamber 25 filled with high-pressure gas is defined at the lower part of the free piston 22 sealed between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 16 through a rubber seal member 29. The fluid is composed of a mixed liquid in which an electrolyte solution such as a copper sulfate solution is mixed with a damper liquid such as silicon oil.

図3および図4に示すように、ピストンロッド27の下端に固定された銅製のピストン本体27には、ピストンロッド21の周囲を囲むように複数個(実施の形態では6個)流体通路27a…が形成され、これらの流体通路27a…を介して第1流体室23および第2流体室24が連通する。ピストン本体27の外周には鉄製のリング27b,27bとラバー製のシール部材28とが嵌合する。   As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the copper piston main body 27 fixed to the lower end of the piston rod 27 includes a plurality of (six in the embodiment) fluid passages 27a so as to surround the periphery of the piston rod 21. Are formed, and the first fluid chamber 23 and the second fluid chamber 24 communicate with each other through the fluid passages 27a. On the outer periphery of the piston body 27, iron rings 27b and 27b and a rubber seal member 28 are fitted.

ピストンロッド27は絶縁部材30を介して絶縁された外筒31および内軸32で構成されており、外筒31にピストン本体27が固定され、内軸32の下端に6本の金製の電極33…が固定される。各々がL字状に形成された電極33…は内軸32から放射状に延び、その先端が流体通路27a…の中心に位置している。内軸32の先端に設けられたイオン濃度センサSeは、シリンダ16内の電解質溶液の銅イオンのイオン濃度を検出する。   The piston rod 27 includes an outer cylinder 31 and an inner shaft 32 that are insulated via an insulating member 30. The piston body 27 is fixed to the outer cylinder 31, and six gold electrodes are provided at the lower end of the inner shaft 32. 33 ... are fixed. Each of the electrodes 33 formed in an L shape extends radially from the inner shaft 32, and the tip thereof is located at the center of the fluid passage 27a. The ion concentration sensor Se provided at the tip of the inner shaft 32 detects the ion concentration of copper ions in the electrolyte solution in the cylinder 16.

図2に示すように、バッテリよりなる電源34が減衰力制御装置35を介して外筒31および内軸32に接続されており、減衰力制御装置35は電子制御ユニットUからの信号に基づいて外筒31および内軸32に供給する電流およびその極性を制御する。   As shown in FIG. 2, a power source 34 made of a battery is connected to the outer cylinder 31 and the inner shaft 32 via a damping force control device 35, and the damping force control device 35 is based on a signal from the electronic control unit U. The current supplied to the outer cylinder 31 and the inner shaft 32 and its polarity are controlled.

次に、上記構成を備えた本発明の実施の形態の作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

図5の実線はダンパー14の伸長(テンション)方向のピストン速度および収縮(コンプレッション)方向のピストン速度に対する減衰力の理想的な特性を示すものであり、一般的に伸長および収縮の何れの場合にもピストン速度の増加に伴って減衰力が増加するように設定される。しかしながら、操縦安定性を重視した走行状態ではピストン速度が小さくても変位が大きい場合には、その変位を抑えるために大きな減衰力が必要になり、またピストン速度が大きい場合でも、あまり減衰力を大きくすると乗り心地が悪くなるため、減衰力の増加を抑制する必要がある場合もある。   The solid line in FIG. 5 shows the ideal characteristics of the damping force with respect to the piston speed in the extension (tension) direction and the piston speed in the contraction (compression) direction of the damper 14, and in general, in either case of extension or contraction. Also, the damping force is set to increase as the piston speed increases. However, if the displacement is large even when the piston speed is small in the driving state where the steering stability is important, a large damping force is required to suppress the displacement, and even if the piston speed is large, the damping force is not so great. If it is increased, the ride comfort is deteriorated, and it may be necessary to suppress an increase in damping force.

本実施の形態では、電極33…への通電を遮断した初期状態では、図3(A)に示すように、ピストン本体27の流体通路27a…が完全に解放しており、そこを流体が通過し易くなって減衰力が最も小さくなる。この状態から電源34および減衰力制御装置35を介して電極33…に負電圧を印加し、ピストン本体27に正電圧を印加すると、硫酸銅溶液よりなる電解液を介して電流が流れることで、ピストン本体27を構成する銅がイオン化して電解液中に溶解し、電解液中の銅イオンが金製の電極33…の表面に析出することで、図3(B)に示すように、ピストン本体27の流体通路27a…が閉塞され、そこを流体が通過し難くなって減衰力が最も大きくなる。   In the present embodiment, in an initial state in which the energization to the electrodes 33 is interrupted, as shown in FIG. 3A, the fluid passages 27a of the piston body 27 are completely opened, and the fluid passes therethrough. The damping force becomes the smallest. From this state, when a negative voltage is applied to the electrodes 33 through the power source 34 and the damping force control device 35 and a positive voltage is applied to the piston body 27, a current flows through the electrolytic solution made of a copper sulfate solution. The copper constituting the piston body 27 is ionized and dissolved in the electrolytic solution, and the copper ions in the electrolytic solution are deposited on the surface of the gold electrode 33... As shown in FIG. The fluid passages 27a ... of the main body 27 are closed, and the fluid becomes difficult to pass therethrough, and the damping force is maximized.

正極および負極で行われる化学反応は以下のとおりである。   The chemical reaction performed at the positive electrode and the negative electrode is as follows.

正極: Cu→Cu2++2e-
負極: Cu2++2e- →Cu
析出した銅で流体通路27a…が完全に閉塞される前に電流を遮断することで、流体通路27a…の開度を任意に制御することができる。また電源34および減衰力制御装置35を介して電極33…に正電圧を印加し、ピストン本体27に負電圧を印加すると、電極33…の周囲に析出した銅が電解液中に溶解してピストン本体27の表面に析出することで、図3(A)の状態に復帰させることができる。しかして、図3(A)の全開状態および図3(B)の全閉状態の間で流体通路27a…の開度を無段階に制御することで、ダンパー14の減衰力を図5の斜線の領域の内部で自由に変化させ、理想の特性に近い特性を得ることができる。
Positive electrode: Cu → Cu 2+ + 2e
Negative electrode: Cu 2+ + 2e → Cu
The opening of the fluid passages 27a can be arbitrarily controlled by interrupting the current before the fluid passages 27a are completely blocked by the deposited copper. Further, when a positive voltage is applied to the electrodes 33 through the power source 34 and the damping force control device 35 and a negative voltage is applied to the piston body 27, the copper deposited around the electrodes 33 is dissolved in the electrolyte and the piston is dissolved. By depositing on the surface of the main body 27, it is possible to return to the state of FIG. Therefore, the damping force of the damper 14 is hatched in FIG. 5 by controlling the opening degree of the fluid passage 27a... In a stepless manner between the fully opened state of FIG. 3A and the fully closed state of FIG. It is possible to obtain characteristics close to the ideal characteristics by freely changing within the region.

尚、流体通路27a…の開度の制御は、イオン濃度センサSeで検出した電解液のイオン濃度が所望の値になるように電流値を増減することで行われる。   The opening of the fluid passages 27a is controlled by increasing or decreasing the current value so that the ion concentration of the electrolytic solution detected by the ion concentration sensor Se becomes a desired value.

このようにピストン19に設けられた減衰力制御機構は可動部分を全く持たないため、構造が簡単で信頼性が高いだけでなく、その流体通路27a…を瞬間的に開閉してダンパー14の減衰力制御の応答性を高めることができる。具体的には、流体通路27a…の直径が10mmの場合には、1kHz程度の周波数で流体通路27a…を開閉することができ、弁体を有する開閉手段を用いる場合に比べて応答性を大幅に高めることができる。   Since the damping force control mechanism provided on the piston 19 does not have any movable parts, the structure is simple and reliable, and the fluid passage 27a is opened and closed instantaneously to damp the damper 14. Responsiveness of force control can be improved. Specifically, when the diameter of the fluid passages 27a is 10 mm, the fluid passages 27a can be opened and closed at a frequency of about 1 kHz, and the responsiveness is greatly improved as compared with the case where an opening / closing means having a valve body is used. Can be increased.

しかして、電子制御ユニットUは、バネ上加速度センサSaで検出したバネ上加速度、ダンパー変位センサSbで検出したダンパー変位、操舵角センサScで検出した操舵角および横加速度センサSdで検出した横加速度に基づいて、各車輪W…の合計4個のダンパー14…の減衰力を個別に制御することで、路面の凹凸を乗り越える際の車両の動揺を抑えて乗り心地を高めるスカイフック制御のような乗り心地制御と、車両の旋回時のローリングや車両の急加速時や急減速時のピッチングを抑える操縦安定制御とを、車両の運転状態に応じて選択的に実行することができる。   Therefore, the electronic control unit U detects the sprung acceleration detected by the sprung acceleration sensor Sa, the damper displacement detected by the damper displacement sensor Sb, the steering angle detected by the steering angle sensor Sc, and the lateral acceleration detected by the lateral acceleration sensor Sd. Based on the above, by controlling the damping force of each of the four dampers 14 of each wheel W individually, such as skyhook control that increases the ride comfort by suppressing the vehicle swaying when overcoming the road surface unevenness Ride comfort control and steering stability control that suppresses rolling during turning of the vehicle and pitching during sudden acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle can be selectively executed according to the driving state of the vehicle.

以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の設計変更を行うことが可能である。   The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

例えば、実施の形態ではサスペンション装置用のダンパー14を例示したが、本発明の可変減衰力ダンパーは他の任意の用途に適用することができる。   For example, in the embodiment, the damper 14 for the suspension device is illustrated, but the variable damping force damper of the present invention can be applied to any other application.

また実施の形態では流体通路27a…に析出させる金属に銅を用いているが、他の任意の金属を用いることができ、電解液の種類も硫酸銅に限定されるものではない。   In the embodiment, copper is used as the metal deposited in the fluid passages 27a, but any other metal can be used, and the type of the electrolytic solution is not limited to copper sulfate.

車両のサスペンション装置の正面図Front view of vehicle suspension system 可変減衰力ダンパーの拡大断面図Expanded sectional view of variable damping force damper 図2の3部拡大図Part 3 enlarged view of FIG. 図3の4−4線断面図Sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. ピストン速度と減衰力との関係を示すグラフGraph showing the relationship between piston speed and damping force

16 シリンダ
19 ピストン
21 ピストンロッド
23 第1流体室
24 第2流体室
27a 流体通路
33 電極
34 電源
16 cylinder 19 piston 21 piston rod 23 first fluid chamber 24 second fluid chamber 27a fluid passage 33 electrode 34 power supply

Claims (2)

電解質溶液を含む流体が充填されたシリンダ(16)と、
前記シリンダ(16)に摺動自在に嵌合して該シリンダ(16)を第1、第2流体室(23,24)に区画するピストン(19)と、
前記ピストン(19)に連結されて前記シリンダ(16)の端壁を貫通するピストンロッド(21)と、
前記ピストン(19)に設けられて前記第1、第2流体室(23,24)を連通させる流体通路(27a)と、
前記流体通路(27a)の開度を変化させて減衰力を制御する減衰力制御機構と、
を備えた可変減衰力ダンパーにおいて、
前記減衰力制御機構は、
前記流体通路(27a)の内部に配置された電極(33)と、前記シリンダ(16)の内部に配置された金属体と、前記電極(33)および前記金属体に電圧を印可する電源(34)とを備え、前記電解質溶液中に含まれる前記金属体の金属イオンを前記電極(33)の表面に析出させて前記流体通路(27a)の開度を変化させることを特徴とする可変減衰力ダンパー。
A cylinder (16) filled with a fluid containing an electrolyte solution;
A piston (19) slidably fitted into the cylinder (16) and dividing the cylinder (16) into first and second fluid chambers (23, 24);
A piston rod (21) connected to the piston (19) and penetrating the end wall of the cylinder (16);
A fluid passage (27a) provided in the piston (19) for communicating the first and second fluid chambers (23, 24);
A damping force control mechanism for controlling the damping force by changing the opening of the fluid passage (27a);
In the variable damping force damper with
The damping force control mechanism is
An electrode (33) disposed in the fluid passage (27a), a metal body disposed in the cylinder (16), and a power source (34) for applying a voltage to the electrode (33) and the metal body. And a variable damping force characterized in that the opening of the fluid passage (27a) is changed by precipitating metal ions of the metal body contained in the electrolyte solution on the surface of the electrode (33). Damper.
前記金属体は前記ピストン(19)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の可変減衰力ダンパー。The variable damping force damper according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal body is the piston (19).
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