JP4920740B2 - Horizontal shaft pump - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a horizontal shaft pump.

  Rainwater and the like are collected in a water tank of a drainage facility, sucked up by a pump, and discharged to a downstream treatment plant. This type of pump has a pump casing in which the suction port at one end is located near the bottom of the water tank and the other end extends in a substantially horizontal direction, and a main shaft for rotating the impeller is disposed in the pump casing in a substantially horizontal direction. There is a horizontal shaft pump (see Patent Document 1).

  In this horizontal axis pump, an impeller that sucks up and discharges water is located at an upper part away from the water surface. Therefore, when starting the pump from a stopped state, an initial starting facility for pumping the water in the water tank to the position of the impeller is necessary. This initial starting equipment includes a vacuum pump connected to the pump casing by a suction pipe, an on-off valve for preventing water from flowing into the vacuum pump, and a fullness detector for detecting that the pump casing is filled with water. And. When the controller detects a full water state based on the detection value of the sensor, the on-off valve is closed.

  However, the horizontal shaft pump that requires such an initial starting equipment is expensive. Therefore, there has been proposed a vertical shaft pump in which a main shaft is disposed so as to extend in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the pump casing and an impeller is disposed at the lower end thereof. This vertical shaft pump does not require an initial starting facility such as a vacuum pump, and the cost can be reduced as compared with a horizontal shaft pump.

  However, this vertical shaft pump has a configuration in which the impeller is disposed at the lower end of the main shaft extending in the vertical direction, and thus the vertical dimension is increased. For this reason, in the installation work for constructing the drainage facility, it is necessary to increase the height of the building, and the load applied to the floor is also locally increased, resulting in an increase in equipment construction cost. In addition, this type of drainage equipment requires regular maintenance, but the vertical shaft pump is more difficult to maintain than the horizontal shaft pump. Furthermore, when the vertical shaft pump is installed in a cold region, the impeller freezes in the snowy season. Therefore, in order to start operation in the snow melting period when drainage needs to be started, an operation of crushing ice on the surface of the water tank is necessary, which is extremely difficult.

JP 2002-138882 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal shaft pump that takes advantage of the low cost of equipment construction and good maintenance workability and does not require a large initial starting equipment.

  In order to solve the above problems, a first horizontal axis pump of the present invention includes a pump casing in which a suction port at one end is disposed in a water tank, and the other end extends above the suction port in a substantially horizontal direction, and the pump casing A main shaft disposed so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction, and an impeller connected to the main shaft in the pump casing, for sucking liquid in the water tank from a suction port of the pump casing and discharging the liquid in a substantially horizontal direction, A discharge valve connected to the downstream side of the pump casing and switching between an open state in which the inside of the pump casing communicates with a downstream pipe and a closed state in which the communication is cut off, and a suction pipe having one end connected to an upper portion of the pump casing And an auxiliary pump that is connected to the other end of the suction pipe portion and sucks gas or liquid in the pump casing, and one end is a discharge portion of the auxiliary pump Connected discharge pipe part, one end connected to the other end of the discharge pipe part, the other end connected to the water tank or a discharge pipe part opened to the outside, and one end connected to the other end of the discharge pipe part A discharge pipe part whose other end is connected to the pump casing or a downstream pipe of the pump casing, and a gas or liquid discharged from the auxiliary pump via the discharge pipe part, the discharge pipe part or the discharge pipe And a switching unit that switches so as to transmit to the unit.

  The first horizontal axis pump is switched to a state in which the inside of the pump casing and the discharge pipe portion are in communication with each other by the switching portion, and the self-priming pump is operated to discharge the gas or liquid in the pump casing to the water tank or outside. it can. Therefore, when starting the horizontal axis pump from a stopped state, the self-priming pump is operated with the discharge valve closed, thereby sucking the gas in the pump casing and exhausting it outside the pump casing. The liquid inside can be pumped up to the position where the impeller is disposed. Therefore, the conventional large-scale initial starting equipment is unnecessary.

  Further, when the position of the impeller is substantially filled with the liquid by the operation of the self-priming pump, the liquid in the water tank enters the suction pipe portion. In this state, the discharge valve is opened, and the switching portion is switched to a state where the inside of the pump casing and the discharge pipe portion communicate with each other, whereby the liquid in the pump casing is connected to the pump casing or downstream piping of the pump casing. Can be discharged. That is, the self-priming pump acts as an auxiliary drainage mechanism for discharging liquid during normal operation.

  As described above, the present invention is a horizontal axis pump in which the main shaft is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, but the equipment required for the initial start-up is simple and can be easily added to an existing pump. Moreover, since it is a horizontal axis | shaft pump, the dimension of a perpendicular direction is small, while being able to reduce installation cost, maintenance workability | operativity can be improved. Furthermore, since the impeller is not immersed in the liquid in the stopped state, the impeller does not freeze. Therefore, it can be suitably installed even in cold regions where it is necessary to start operation during the snow melting period.

  In this horizontal shaft pump, the auxiliary pump is a driven rotary shaft that rotates by receiving the rotational driving force of the main shaft, an impeller that is connected to a tip of the driven rotary shaft and sucks gas or liquid in the pump casing, It is preferable to provide. In this way, the self-priming pump can be operated by the driving means for driving the main shaft. Therefore, the whole can be simplified and an increase in power consumption can be suppressed.

  The auxiliary pump is preferably a self-priming pump. In this way, pumping can be started by automatically performing a priming action by itself.

  Further, it is preferable that the suction pipe portion has a water reservoir piping portion bent downward, and the auxiliary pump is connected to a tip of the water reservoir piping portion. If it does in this way, it can prevent that the liquid in the water reservoir which a self-priming pump has disappears by evaporation. As a result, the object can be reliably achieved at the time of starting to discharge the gas in the pump casing.

And the said switching part has a valve body which switches the opening-and-closing state of the said discharge pipe part, and the opening-and-closing state of a discharge pipe part, The sensor which detects the transition from the distribution | circulation state of a gas to the distribution | circulation state of a liquid in the said discharge pipe part It is preferable that the valve body is controlled to open and close based on the detection value of the sensor.
Or it is preferable that the said switching part has a float valve which floats by the distribution | circulation of a liquid and interrupts | blocks the inflow to the said discharge pipe part. In this case, it is preferable that a control valve for preventing the passage of gas and allowing the passage of liquid is further provided in the discharge pipe portion.
Alternatively, the switching unit opens the discharge pipe part at the first movement position and closes the discharge pipe part, and closes the discharge pipe part at the second movement position and discharges the discharge pipe part. A float case is provided that has a valve body that opens the pipe portion, and that accommodates a float member that communicates with the pump casing and floats in the liquid above the connection portion of the suction pipe portion of the pump casing. And it is preferable to move the said valve body to the 1st movement position or the 2nd movement position by the said float member.
If it does in this way, switching of a discharge pipe part and a discharge pipe part by a switching part can be performed automatically and reliably.

  The second horizontal axis pump of the present invention has a pump casing in which a suction port at one end is disposed in a water tank and the other end extends in a substantially horizontal direction above the suction port, and a substantially horizontal direction in the pump casing. A main shaft arranged to extend to the main shaft, an impeller connected to the main shaft in the pump casing, for sucking the liquid in the water tank from the suction opening of the pump casing and discharging it in a substantially horizontal direction, and a downstream of the pump casing A discharge valve for switching to an open state in which the inside of the pump casing communicates with the downstream side piping and a closed state in which the communication is cut off, a suction pipe portion having one end connected to an upper portion of the pump casing, and the suction An auxiliary pump that is connected to the other end of the pipe part and sucks the gas or liquid in the pump casing, and one end is connected to a discharge part of the auxiliary pump. , The other end is connected to a downstream side pipe of the discharge valve, and a discharge pipe section for discharging the gas or liquid is discharged from the auxiliary pump to the downstream piping, and configurations with.

  This second horizontal axis pump can discharge the gas or liquid in the pump casing to the pipe on the downstream side of the discharge valve by operating the self-priming pump. Therefore, when the horizontal axis pump is started from the stopped state, the self-priming pump is operated with the discharge valve closed, thereby sucking the gas in the pump casing and exhausting it to the downstream pipe. The liquid inside can be pumped up to the position where the impeller is disposed. Also, when the impeller installation position is substantially filled with liquid by the operation of the self-priming pump, the liquid in the water tank enters the suction pipe and the discharge valve is opened to continuously discharge the liquid. It acts as an auxiliary drainage mechanism. Therefore, the same operation and effect as the first horizontal shaft pump can be obtained, and the switching unit for switching the gas and liquid discharge paths is unnecessary, so that the equipment required for the initial start can be further simplified. .

  The horizontal axis pump of the present invention is a horizontal axis pump in which the main shaft is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction. However, the equipment required for the initial start is simple and can be easily added to an existing pump. Moreover, since it is a horizontal axis | shaft pump, the dimension of a perpendicular direction can be made small, an equipment construction expense can be reduced, and maintenance workability | operativity can be improved. Furthermore, since the impeller is not immersed in the liquid in the stopped state, the impeller does not freeze. Therefore, it can be suitably installed even in cold regions where it is necessary to start operation during the snow melting period.

It is sectional drawing which shows the horizontal axis pump of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the stop state of a horizontal axis pump. It is sectional drawing which shows the initial stage starting state of a horizontal shaft pump. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of the switching of the switching part of a horizontal shaft pump. It is sectional drawing which shows the normal driving | running state of a horizontal axis pump. It is a graph which shows the difference in the drainage performance by the presence or absence of a suction pump part. It is sectional drawing which shows the horizontal axis pump of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the horizontal axis pump of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the horizontal axis pump of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the horizontal axis pump of 5th Embodiment .

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a horizontal axis pump according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This horizontal axis pump drains rainwater (liquid) flowing into a water tank 1 of a drainage pump station from an inflow side pipe (not shown) to the downstream side. In the horizontal axis pump of the present embodiment, a suction pump unit 26 is attached to the upper portion of the pump casing 10, and air (gas) in the pump casing 10 can be exhausted by the suction pump unit 26 and water is supplied. It is possible to drain the water downstream.

  Specifically, the horizontal axis pump includes a pump casing 10 having an inverted L shape. This pump casing 10 includes a suction bell 11 extending vertically upward from the vicinity of the bottom of the water tank 1, a suction casing 13 for changing the water flow vertically by the suction bell 11 in the horizontal direction, and a water flow from the suction casing 13. And a discharge casing 15 for discharging the gas in the horizontal direction. The suction bell 11 is formed in a substantially conical cylinder shape whose diameter gradually increases downward, and the suction port 12 at the lower end thereof is located in the vicinity of the bottom of the water tank 1 and is disposed in a state of being immersed in the water in the water tank 1. Is done. The suction casing 13 has an arcuate shape and is connected to the upper end of the suction bell 11. The suction casing 13 is provided with a through portion 14 for penetrating the main shaft 21 in the horizontal direction on the outer peripheral surface. The discharge casing 15 has a cylindrical shape bulging outward in the radial direction so as to form a substantially elliptical sphere, and is connected to the downstream end of the suction casing 13 that opens in the horizontal direction. Inside the discharge casing 15, an underwater bearing 16 that rotatably supports the main shaft 21 is provided so as to be positioned at the shaft core. The underwater bearing 16 is provided in a bearing casing 17 having a substantially conical cylindrical shape. The bearing casing 17 is discharged by a guide vane 18 and supported in the casing 15.

  A discharge valve 19 is connected to a discharge casing 15 which is a downstream end of the pump casing 10, and a discharge pipe 20 which is a downstream pipe for draining the discharge valve 19 to a discharge water tank (not shown). Are further connected. The discharge valve 19 is switched between an open state in which the inside of the pump casing 10 and the inside of the discharge pipe 20 are communicated and a closed state in which the inside of the pump casing 10 and the inside of the discharge pipe 20 is blocked.

  A main shaft 21 is disposed inside the pump casing 10 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. The main shaft 21 is penetrated from the through portion 14 of the suction casing 13 to the inside, and the tip thereof is discharged and supported by the underwater bearing 16 of the casing 15. Further, the main shaft 21 is rotatably supported by a non-water-filled bearing 22 and an outer bearing 23 at an end protruding outside from the pump casing 10. A prime mover 24 such as a well-known diesel (internal combustion) engine that drives light oil or heavy oil as fuel is connected to the end of the main shaft 21 as a driving means.

  An impeller 25 is disposed at the tip of the main shaft 21 to suck in the water in the water tank 1 from the suction port 12 of the pump casing 10 and discharge it in the horizontal direction toward the downstream side. The impeller 25 is located above the suction port 12 of the pump casing 10 and is not immersed at all in the water in the water tank 1 when the waste water treatment is stopped.

  In addition, the above structure is the same as that of the structure of the conventional horizontal axis pump using the initial starting equipment by a vacuum pump.

  And the horizontal axis pump of this embodiment is set as the structure which provided the suction pump part 26 above the pump casing 10, without using the large-scale initial starting equipment by a vacuum pump. The suction pump section 26 includes a suction pipe section 27 connected to the upper portion of the pump casing 10, a self-priming pump 33 that is an auxiliary pump connected to the suction pipe section 27, and a discharge of the self-priming pump 33. A discharge pipe section 51 connected to the discharge pipe section, a discharge pipe section 52 and a discharge pipe section 53 branch connected to the discharge pipe section 51, and a switching section 56 provided in these branch connection sections. .

  As shown in FIG. 2, the suction pipe portion 27 includes a connection flange portion 29 connected to a suction pipe connection portion 28 formed on the upper portion of the suction casing 13 of the pump casing 10 at one end. The suction pipe part 27 is formed with a suction side upper end pipe part 30 that is bent in the direction opposite to the direction of drainage at the upper part of the connection flange part 29. The suction-side upper end pipe part 30 is formed with a water reservoir pipe part 31 bent downward. A self-priming pump connection portion 32 bent sideways is formed in the water reservoir piping portion 31.

  The self-priming pump 33 starts pumping by automatically performing a priming action by itself. This self-priming pump 33 sucks air or water in the pump casing 10 by connecting to the self-priming pump connecting portion 32 which is the other end of the suction pipe portion 27. The self-priming pump 33 has a driven rotation shaft 44 disposed therein, and an impeller 47 connected to the driven rotation shaft 44. In the present embodiment, the driven rotating shaft 44 is configured to rotate following the main shaft 21 when the rotational driving force of the main shaft 21 is transmitted by the transmission mechanism 48.

  Specifically, the self-priming pump 33 includes a suction pipe part 35, a main body part 37, and a discharge pipe part 42. The suction pipe part 35 is connected to the self-priming pump connection part 32 of the suction pipe part 27. A downstream end portion of the suction pipe portion 35 is configured to be located in the main body portion 37, and a check valve 36 for preventing a back flow to the suction pipe portion 27 is disposed at the downstream end portion. ing. The main body part 37 includes a water channel part 38 communicating with the suction pipe part 35 and the discharge pipe part 42 and a bearing part 41 partitioned from the water channel part 38 in a watertight state. An impeller disposition portion 39 is provided on the partition wall that divides the water channel portion 38 and the bearing portion 41 so as to be recessed toward the bearing portion 41. In addition, the lower part of the impeller arrangement | positioning part 39 of the water channel part 38 comprises the water reservoir part 40 which stores water required at the time of a discharge start. The bearing portion 41 has a substantially conical cylindrical shape, and its outer end portion is opened. The discharge piping part 42 is provided in the upper part of the main body part 37 and communicates with the water channel part 38. The discharge pipe part 51 and the water channel part 38 are partitioned by a rectifying plate 43 formed so as to cover the outlet of the suction pipe part 35. The rectifying plate 43 generates a flow in which air and water flowing into the water channel portion 38 from the suction pipe portion 35 are directed toward the impeller 47.

  The driven rotary shaft 44 penetrates from the outer end portion of the bearing portion 41 into the water channel portion 38 and is disposed to extend horizontally. As a result, the driven rotating shaft 44 is configured to extend parallel to the main shaft 21. The outer end portion of the driven rotation shaft 44 is rotatably supported by a non-water-filled bearing 45 and an outer bearing 46.

  The impeller 47 is connected to the tip of the driven rotation shaft 44 and is disposed so as to be positioned at the impeller disposition portion 39 of the water channel portion 38. The impeller 25 generates an air flow and a water flow that send air and water outward in the radial direction with respect to the shaft core by the rotation of the driven rotation shaft 44. As a result, air and water are sucked from the suction pipe part 35 on the upstream side and discharged from the discharge pipe part 42 on the downstream side. The check valve 36 disposed at the outlet of the suction pipe portion 35 operates (opens) by air pressure and water pressure flowing from the suction pipe portion 35.

  The transmission mechanism 48 transmits the rotational driving force of the main shaft 21 to the driven rotational shaft 44. The transmission mechanism 48 includes pulleys 49A and 49B disposed on the main shaft 21 and the driven rotating shaft 44, and an endless belt 50 wound around these pulleys. The rotational speed (flow rate) of the impeller 47 can be adjusted by changing the diameters of the pulleys 49A and 49B. The self-priming pump 33 can be reduced in size and weight by increasing the speed of the self-priming pump 33 by adjusting the pulleys 49A and 49B. The transmission mechanism 48 is not limited to the configuration including the pulleys 49A and 49B and the belt 50, and various changes such as a configuration including a gear and an endless chain, and a configuration in which a plurality of gears are engaged with each other are possible. Is possible.

  The lower end of the discharge pipe portion 51 is connected to a discharge pipe portion 42 that is a discharge portion of the self-priming pump 33. The discharge pipe portion 51 is configured such that its upper end is located above the suction side upper end pipe portion 30 of the suction pipe portion 27. Thereby, when the drainage by the impeller 47 is stopped, the water storage pipe part 31 of the suction pipe located below the suction side upper end pipe part 30, the water channel part 38 including the water storage part 40, the discharge pipe part 42, and the discharge pipe Water is accumulated in the lower part of the part 51 (see FIG. 3A), and is configured not to flow out from the upper end of the discharge pipe part 51.

  One end of the discharge pipe portion 52 is connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe portion 51 via a branch pipe 57, and the other end is piped to the water tank 1. A fluid flows through the discharge pipe portion 52 only at the time of initial startup when the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted.

  One end of the discharge pipe part 53 is connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe part 51 via a branch pipe 57. That is, the discharge pipe portion 53 is branched and connected to the discharge pipe portion 51 via the branch pipe 57 together with the discharge pipe portion 52. As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge pipe portion 53 has the other end on the downstream side connected to the upper portion of the discharge casing 15 of the pump casing 10. In the present embodiment, the discharge pipe connecting portion 54 of the discharge casing 15 is located on the bearing casing 17. As a result, the discharge valve 19 is closed and water (water flow) can be applied to the bearing casing 17 during a management operation not intended for drainage. A drain port 55 is provided at the lower end of the discharge casing 15 facing the discharge pipe connection portion 54.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the switching unit 56 constitutes a branch connection part of the discharge pipe part 51, the discharge pipe part 52, and the discharge pipe part 53, and is discharged from the self-priming pump 33 through the discharge pipe part 51. It switches so that air or water may be sent out to the discharge pipe part 52 or the discharge pipe part 53. The switching unit 56 includes a branch pipe 57 having a substantially T shape. The branch pipe 57 is connected to the discharge pipe part 51 at a first connection part 58 protruding downward, and the discharge pipe part 52 is connected to a second connection part 59 bent with respect to the first connection part 58. The discharge pipe portion 53 is connected to a third connection portion 60 that is bent with respect to the first connection portion 58 and linearly positioned with respect to the second connection portion 59. These intersecting portions are bulged portions having a substantially spherical shape, and a valve body 61 for switching the open / close state of the discharge pipe portion 52 and the open / close state of the discharge pipe portion 53 is disposed therein. The upper end of the valve body 61 is rotatably supported and is oscillated by a motor 62 that is a driving means. The discharge pipe 52 is opened and the discharge pipe 53 is closed at the first movement position, while the discharge pipe 52 is closed and the discharge pipe 53 is opened at the second movement position. It is what.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal axis pump having the suction pump unit 26 includes a pressure sensor as a sensor for detecting the transition from the state in which air flows through the discharge pipe unit 51 to the state in which water flows. 63 is arranged. The horizontal axis pump is controlled by a program preset by the controller 64. Specifically, when the drainage treatment is started from a stopped state, the process proceeds to a normal drainage process through an initial startup process. The transition from the initial start process to the normal drain process is performed based on the detection value of the pressure sensor 63. That is, in the air circulation state and the water circulation state, the pressure in the discharge pipe portion 51 is higher in the state where water is circulating. Therefore, when the detection value corresponding to the pressure exceeds a preset threshold value, the switching unit 56 is switched and the discharge valve 19 is opened to execute the normal drainage process. When a management operation instruction is input during the wastewater treatment, the discharge valve 19 is closed and a management operation not intended for drainage is executed.

  Next, the operation of this horizontal shaft pump will be specifically described.

  First, in the stop state in which the exhaust process including the management operation is not performed, water does not flow into any of the suction casing 13 and the discharge casing 15 which are the upper part of the pump casing 10 as shown in FIG. 3A. However, the water pipe portion 31 of the suction pipe portion 27, the water channel portion 38 including the water reservoir portion 40 of the self-priming pump 33, and the discharge pipe portion 51 are in a state where water that has flowed in during the previous wastewater treatment has accumulated. It has become.

  When the drainage process is executed in this state, the controller 64 first closes the discharge valve 19 and swings the valve body 61 of the switching unit 56 toward the discharge pipe 53 (first movement). Status). Thereby, the inside of the pump casing 10 communicates with the water tank 1 through the suction pipe part 27, the self-priming pump 33, the discharge pipe part 51, and the discharge pipe part 52. Thereafter, the operation of the prime mover 24 is started.

  When the prime mover 24 is operated, the impeller 25 rotates as the main shaft 21 rotates. However, in this state, since the inside of the discharge casing 15 is not filled with water, the impeller 25 idles and does not contribute to discharge at all.

  When the prime mover 24 is operated, the driven rotary shaft 44 connected via the transmission mechanism 48 rotates. Thereby, when the impeller 47 of the self-priming pump 33 rotates, a suction force from the suction pipe portion 27 toward the discharge pipe portion 51 acts. Then, the discharge valve 19 is closed, and the air in the pump casing 10 in which the suction port 12 at the lower end is closed with water is sucked from the suction pipe portion 27, and the discharge pipe portion 51 and the discharge pipe portion 52. It is discharged to the water tank 1 through. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, the water in the water tank 1 flows into the pump casing 10 from the suction port 12. Except for the inside of the water reservoir 40, the water accumulated in the suction pipe 27, the self-priming pump 33 and the discharge pipe 51 is discharged into the water tank 1 as the air is discharged.

  When the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted by the suction pump unit 26, as shown in FIG. 3C, the water in the water tank 1 is pumped up to the position where the impeller 25 is disposed, and the interior of the pump casing 10 is filled with water. . Then, as shown in the drawing, water enters the self-priming pump 33 from the suction pipe portion 27. When water reaches the discharge pipe portion 51, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 63 exceeds the threshold value. Therefore, the controller 64 drives the motor 62 to swing the valve body 61 of the switching unit 56 toward the discharge pipe 52 as shown by the broken line in the drawing (second movement state). Thereby, the inside of the pump casing 10 communicates with the downstream side of the pump casing 10 through the suction pipe portion 27, the self-priming pump 33, the discharge pipe portion 51 and the discharge pipe portion 53. The controller 64 operates the discharge valve 19 from the closed state to the open state.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 3D, the water in the pump casing 10 is drained to the downstream treatment plant and the like through the discharge valve 19 and the discharge pipe 20 by the rotation of the impeller 25. Moreover, water is continuously sucked from the suction port 12 of the pump casing 10 by the water flow caused by the drainage of the impeller 25, and is similarly drained downstream. On the other hand, in the suction pump unit 26, the impeller 47 continues to rotate as the main shaft 21 rotates. As a result, water around the suction pipe connection portion 28 of the suction casing 13 is sucked into the suction pipe portion 27. Then, the water is drained to the downstream side of the pump casing 10 through the self-priming pump 33, the discharge pipe portion 51 and the discharge pipe portion 53, and is drained by the draining action of the impeller 25.

  Thus, the horizontal axis pump of the present invention is provided with the suction pump portion 26 at the upper portion, the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted by the suction pump portion 26, and the initial start process for enabling the drainage by the impeller 25 is performed. It can be carried out. Moreover, when this initial start process is completed, it can be operated as an auxiliary drainage mechanism in a normal drainage process. The initial starting process and the normal draining process can be automatically and reliably shifted by switching the switching unit 56. Therefore, the horizontal axis pump of the present invention does not require a large-scale initial starting facility using a conventional vacuum pump. In addition, the suction pump unit 26 is a simple one in which a pipe and a self-priming pump 33 are arranged on the upper part of a horizontal axis pump similar to the conventional one, and thus can be easily added to an existing pump.

  And since the drainage equipment of this embodiment is a horizontal axis pump, the dimension of a perpendicular direction is small and equipment construction cost can be reduced. Accordingly, maintenance workability can be improved. Furthermore, the impeller 25 is not immersed in the water in the water tank 1 in the stop state. Therefore, since the impeller 25 does not freeze even if it is installed in a cold region where it is necessary to start operation during the snow melting period, it can be suitably installed. Moreover, in this embodiment, the impeller 47 of the self-priming pump 33 is configured to be driven and rotated by receiving the rotational driving force of the main shaft 21 for rotating the main impeller 25. This eliminates the need for dedicated drive means, simplifies the whole, and suppresses an increase in power consumption.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the connection part of the discharge pipe part 53 to the pump casing 10 is located on the underwater bearing 16. Therefore, when a management operation not intended for drainage with the discharge valve 19 in the closed state is executed, water can be circulated and supplied to the submersible bearing 16 by the suction pump unit 26. As a result, the turning stall can be reduced and the unstable characteristics can be improved. Further, the water around the underwater bearing 16 can be circulated and cooled. Therefore, deterioration of the underwater bearing 16 can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the suction pipe portion 27 is provided with a water reservoir piping portion 31, and water can be stored in the water reservoir piping portion 31 in a stopped state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the liquid in the water reservoir 40 included in the self-priming pump 33 from being lost due to evaporation. As a result, it is possible to generate an air flow and a water flow to be exhausted and discharged at the time of starting to discharge the gas in the pump casing 10.

  Next, the drainage performance of the horizontal axis pump equipped with the suction pump unit 26 of the present invention will be described.

The shaft power L ₁ of the main impeller 25 is obtained from the following equation (1) from the flow rate Q _{1, the} head H ₁ and the efficiency η ₁ .

Further, the shaft power L _s of the suction pump unit 26 is obtained from the following equation (2) from the flow rate q _{s, the} head h _s, and the efficiency η _s .

  When the overall pump efficiency η of the present embodiment is derived from the shaft power L, the flow rate Q, and the head H from these equations (1) and (2), the following equation (3) is obtained.

  Substituting equations (1) and (2) into equation (3) yields equation (4) below.

  The overall pump efficiency η obtained by organizing this formula (4) is expressed by the following formula (5).

In this formula (5), since q _s << Q ₁ , the total pump efficiency is substantially equal to the pump efficiency η ₁ of the main impeller 25.

  More specifically, as shown in the measured performance graph of FIG. 4, at the most efficient specification point (in the vicinity of Q / Qbep = 1), the pump efficiency η of the horizontal axis pump of the present invention in which the suction pump unit 26 is provided. Is almost the same as a conventional horizontal axis pump not provided with the suction pump section 26. However, the shaft power L is slightly lower in the horizontal shaft pump of the present invention than in the conventional horizontal shaft pump. However, the lifting height H of the horizontal axis pump of the present invention is higher than that of the conventional horizontal axis pump.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a horizontal shaft pump that can obtain the drainage performance that is higher than the conventional one without using a large-scale initial starting facility while taking advantage of the low cost of equipment construction and good maintenance workability. .

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a horizontal axis pump according to the second embodiment. This second embodiment is greatly different from the first embodiment in that the flow of the discharge pipe part 52 and the discharge pipe part 53 can be automatically switched by the switching part 56 without providing the pressure sensor 63. .

  Specifically, the switching unit 56 of the second embodiment includes a branch pipe 57 having a substantially T shape, as in the first embodiment. However, the branch pipe 57 is formed so that the first connection part 58 to which the discharge pipe part 51 is connected and the second connection part 59 to which the discharge pipe part 52 is connected extend linearly, and the discharge pipe The third connection portion 60 to which the portion 53 is connected is configured to extend in the orthogonal direction with respect to the first and second connection portions 58 and 59. And the switching part 56 which consists of a float valve which interrupts | blocks the inflow to the discharge | release pipe | tube part 52 of water is provided in the 2nd connection part 59 of 2nd Embodiment. The switching portion 56 includes a pair of first valve seat portion 66 and second valve seat portion 67 that have a small opening area through which fluid can pass, and a float member 68 disposed therebetween. The float member 68 is of a weight and specific gravity that floats by the flow of water without floating by the flow of air.

  In the present embodiment, the discharge pipe 53 is provided with a control valve 69 that blocks the passage of air and allows the passage of liquid. The control valve 69 includes a valve case 70 disposed at the outlet of the discharge pipe portion 53, and the discharge pipe portion 53 is discharged through the valve case 70 and connected to the discharge pipe connection portion 54 of the casing 15. It is said. The valve case 70 extends so as to have the same axis as the discharge pipe connection portion 54, and a communication hole 71 communicating with the pump casing 10 is formed on the discharge pipe connection portion 54 side. A valve body 72 that closes the communication hole 71 is disposed inside the valve case 70. The valve body 72 includes a receiving portion 73 positioned above the discharge pipe portion 53, and the receiving portion 73 is urged downward by a spring 74 as an urging means. The urging force by the spring 74 can be adjusted by changing the tightening amount of the adjusting screw 75. The biasing force is configured not to contract even when the air exhaust pressure by the self-priming pump 33 is applied to the receiving part 73, but to contract when the water drain pressure is applied to the receiving part 73. Yes.

  In the second embodiment configured as described above, when the waste water treatment is started from the stop state, the driven rotation shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft 21 as in the first embodiment, and the initial start process is executed. Is done. Thereby, the air in the pump casing 10 is sucked into the suction pump unit 26 by the suction force of the self-priming pump 33. If it does so, the internal pressure of the discharge pipe part 51, the branch piping 57, and the discharge pipe part 53 will become high by this exhaust_gas | exhaustion. As a result, the float member 68 finely moves on the first valve seat portion 66 by the exhaust pressure, and air flows into the discharge pipe portion 52 from the gap and is exhausted to the water tank 1.

  When all the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted and filled with water, the water flows into the suction pump unit 26. When the water is filled in the discharge pipe portion 51, the branch pipe 57, and the discharge pipe portion 53, the float member 68 floats and closes the second valve seat portion 67. As a result, drainage of water from the discharge pipe portion 52 is prevented. Accordingly, when the internal pressure of the discharge pipe portion 51, the branch pipe 57, and the discharge pipe portion 53 is increased, the valve body 72 of the control valve 69 moves against the biasing force of the spring 74. As a result, water is discharged into the pump casing 10 by opening the communication hole 71.

  In addition, the opening / closing control of the discharge valve 19 in this second embodiment includes control by detecting the pressure of a predetermined part, control by detecting that water has entered the piping constituting the suction pump unit 26, Various configurations such as control by elapse of the set initial startup time are possible.

  Thus, the horizontal axis pump of the second embodiment can obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment. Moreover, it is not necessary to use a special sensor for switching to a state where the discharge pipe portion 52 or the discharge pipe portion 53 is communicated. Therefore, the configuration of the suction pump unit 26 can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a horizontal axis pump according to the third embodiment. This third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the valve body 61 of the switching unit 56 similar to the first embodiment is configured to be switched by the float member 80 and the link mechanism 82 instead of the motor 62. ing.

  Specifically, similarly to the first embodiment, the switching unit 56 of the third embodiment opens the discharge pipe part 52 and closes the discharge pipe part 53 at the first movement position indicated by the solid line. On the other hand, it has the valve body 61 which makes the discharge pipe part 52 a closed state and makes the discharge pipe part 53 an open state in the 2nd movement position shown with a broken line. The valve body 61 has an operation receiving portion 76 projecting from the main shaft 21 to the outside.

  The suction pump unit 26 of the third embodiment includes a float case 77 whose lower end is located above the suction pipe connection unit 28. The lower part of the float case 77 is connected to the lower part of the suction casing 13 of the pump casing 10 via a communication pipe 78. In addition, an air release pipe 79 whose upper end is opened to the atmosphere is disposed on the upper part of the float case 77. The upper end of the atmosphere release pipe 79 is configured to be located above the discharge pipe portion 53.

  A float member 80 that can float in water is disposed inside the float case 77. The float member 80 is provided with a connecting shaft portion 81, and the distal end of the connecting shaft portion 81 protrudes outward from the float case 77. The connecting shaft portion 81 is supported by the float case 77 and can be moved in the vertical direction by floating the float member 80.

  The connecting shaft portion 81 of the float member 80 is connected to the operation receiving portion 76 of the valve body 61 of the switching portion 56 via a link mechanism 82. The link mechanism 82 includes a guide member 83 and a pair of link bars 84A and 84B. The guide member 83 is fixed so as to be positioned at substantially the same height as the upper end of the operation receiving portion 76. The guide member 83 includes an oval guide groove extending in the horizontal direction. One end of the first link bar 84 </ b> A is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft portion 81, and the other end is pivotally attached to the guide groove of the guide member 83. One end of the second link bar 84B is rotatably connected to the upper end of the operation receiving portion 76, and the other end is pivotally attached to the guide groove of the guide member 83 and rotated to the first link bar 84B. It is linked movably.

  In the third embodiment configured as described above, when the drainage treatment is started from the stopped state, the driven rotation shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft 21 as in the first embodiment, and the initial start process is executed. Is done. At this time, since the pump casing 10 is not filled with water, the float case 77 into which water flows in with the water level in the pump casing 10 is not filled with water. Therefore, the float member 80 is located at the bottom in the float case 77. As a result, the valve body 61 is moved to the first movement position via the link mechanism 82. In this state, the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted to the water tank 1 by the suction pump unit 26.

  When all the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted and filled with water, the water flows into the suction pump unit 26. Accordingly, the inside of the float case 77 is similarly filled with water, and the float member 80 floats and is positioned at the upper end of the float case 77. Then, when the connecting shaft portion 81 moves upward, the upper end of the first link bar 84A moves from the left end position in the drawing to the right end position in the guide member 83. As a result, the second link bar 84B moves to the right side in conjunction. As a result, the valve body 61 moves from the first movement position communicating with the discharge pipe portion 52 to the second movement position communicating with the discharge pipe portion 53. As a result, the water flowing into the suction pump unit 26 is discharged into the pump casing 10.

  The opening / closing control of the discharge valve 19 in the third embodiment is performed in the same manner as in the second embodiment. And the horizontal-axis pump of this 3rd Embodiment can acquire the effect | action and effect similar to 2nd Embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 7 shows a horizontal axis pump according to a fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the flow is switched by operating the third valve body by floating the third float member floating in water. The opening / closing control of the discharge valve 19 in the fourth embodiment is performed in the same manner as in the third embodiment.

  Specifically, the switching unit 56 according to the fourth embodiment opens the discharge pipe part 52 and closes the discharge pipe part 53 at the first movement position located below, while closing the discharge pipe part 53. A pair of valve bodies 85A and 85B are provided for closing the discharge pipe portion 52 and opening the discharge pipe portion 53 at the two movement positions. The valve bodies 85A and 85B are disposed in a branch pipe 86 that connects the discharge pipe section 51, the discharge pipe section 52, and the discharge pipe section 53. The float member 91 is accommodated in the float case 90 provided in the branch pipe 86, and is moved to the first movement position or the second movement position by the float member 91.

  First, the branch pipe 86 is provided so that the second connection part 88 that connects the discharge pipe part 52 is orthogonal to the first connection part 87 that connects the discharge pipe part 51. Further, a third connection part 89 for connecting the discharge pipe part 53 is provided so as to be positioned below the first connection part 87. The third connection portion 89 extends so as to be positioned in parallel with the first connection portion 87 and extends in the orthogonal direction with respect to the second connection portion 88. Further, the branch pipe 86 is provided with a float case 90 that protrudes downward from the third connection portion 89 so as to extend linearly with respect to the second connection portion 88. The lower end of the float case 90 is connected to the suction casing 13 of the pump casing 10. Further, the lower end of the float case 90 is positioned above the suction pipe connecting portion 28.

  The float case 90 accommodates a float member 91 that floats in water. The float member 91 is provided with a shaft portion 92 protruding from the branch connection portion of the first connection portion 87, the second connection portion 88, and the third connection portion 89. A valve body 85A is disposed at the tip of the shaft portion 92, and a valve body 85B is disposed below the valve body 85A at a predetermined interval. The valve body 85A is located at the lower part of the first connection part 87 in a state where the valve member 85A is located at the lower end of the float case 90 where the float member 91 is not floating at all (first movement position). To prevent the fluid from flowing into the third connecting portion 89. Further, the valve body 85A is positioned above the first connection portion 87 in a state where the float member 91 is positioned at the upper end of the float case 90 by floating (second movement position). The flow of fluid into the second connection portion 88 is blocked. Further, the valve body 85B is configured to prevent water from flowing back to the pump casing 10 via the float case 90 by being positioned below the third connecting portion 89 at the second movement position.

  In the fourth embodiment configured as described above, when the waste water treatment is started from the stop state, the driven rotation shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft 21 as in the third embodiment, and the initial start process is executed. Is done. At this time, since the pump casing 10 is not filled with water, the float case 90 into which water flows in with the water level in the pump casing 10 is not filled with water. Therefore, the float member 91 is located at the bottom in the float case 90. As a result, the valve bodies 85A and 85B are disconnected from the discharge pipe portion 53 and moved to the first movement position where the discharge pipe portion 52 is communicated. Exhausted.

  When all the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted and filled with water, the water flows into the suction pump unit 26. Accordingly, the interior of the float case 90 is similarly filled with water, and the float member 91 floats and is positioned at the upper end of the float case 90. Then, the valve bodies 85A and 85B block the communication with the discharge pipe part 52 and move to the second movement position connected to the discharge pipe part 53, so that the water flowing into the suction pump part 26 is pump casing. 10 is discharged into the interior.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 8 shows a horizontal axis pump according to a fifth embodiment. The fifth embodiment is greatly different in that the same effect as that of each embodiment can be obtained without providing a switching unit. Specifically, in the fifth embodiment, the suction pump unit 26 is not provided with the switching unit 56 having the discharge pipe part 51, the discharge pipe part 52, and the branch pipe 57. And the end of the discharge pipe part 53 is directly connected to the discharge piping part 42 which is a discharge part of the self-priming pump 33. The other end of the discharge pipe portion 53 is connected to a discharge pipe 20 that is a downstream pipe of the discharge valve 19 connected to the pump casing 10. The opening / closing control of the discharge valve 19 in the fifth embodiment is performed in the same manner as in the third embodiment.

  In the fifth embodiment configured as described above, when the drainage treatment is started from the stopped state, the driven rotation shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft 21 and the initial starting process is executed, as in each embodiment. The At this time, the air inside the pump casing 10 closed by the discharge valve 19 being closed is directly exhausted to the discharge pipe 20 on the downstream side of the discharge valve 19.

  When all the air in the pump casing 10 is exhausted and filled with water, the discharge valve 19 is opened, and the liquid in the pump casing 10 is drained by the impeller 25. Further, the water that has flowed into the suction pump unit 26 is drained to the discharge pipe 20 via the discharge pipe part 53.

  As described above, in the horizontal axis pump of the fifth embodiment, the air in the pump casing 10 can be exhausted to the outside of the pump casing 10 by the suction pump unit 26 in the initial start process, as in each embodiment. In the normal drainage process, the water in the pump casing 10 can be drained directly to the discharge pipe 20 by the suction pump unit 26. In addition, in this embodiment, since the discharge pipe portion 52 does not need to be branched and connected, the switching portion 56 that switches the flow path is also unnecessary. Therefore, since the structure of the suction pump unit 26 can be greatly simplified, the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the horizontal axis pump of this invention is not limited to the structure of the said embodiment, A various change is possible.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the swingable valve body 61 is configured to switch the communication state to the discharge pipe portion 52 and the communication state to the discharge pipe portion 53 by the swingable valve body 61. The part 60 may be provided with an electromagnetic valve for switching between an open state in communication and a closed state in which communication is blocked, and the controller 64 may switch the open / close state of each electromagnetic valve.

  Moreover, in 1st thru | or 4th embodiment, it was set as the structure which discharges the water stored in the piping part 31 for water and the water reservoir to the water tank 1 by piping the discharge pipe part 52 to the water tank 1, However, The water tank 1 is remove | excluded. It is good also as a structure discharged | emitted in air | atmosphere.

  Furthermore, in 1st thru | or 4th embodiment, it was set as the structure which connected the discharge pipe part 53 to the upper part of the submersible bearing 16 of the pump casing 10, and supplies the water discharged | emitted by this normal drainage process to this submerged bearing 16. What is necessary is just the structure discharged | emitted in the casing 10. FIG. However, it is preferable that the connection part is located downstream from the connection part of the suction pipe part 27.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the power of the prime mover 24 to rotate the main shaft 21 by conducting the driven rotating shaft 44, it is configured to rotate the driven rotor 44 may be provided with a prime mover of the dedicated .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water tank 10 ... Pump casing 12 ... Suction port 19 ... Discharge valve 20 ... Discharge pipe (downstream piping)
21 ... Spindle 24 ... Motor (drive means)
25 ... Impeller 26 ... Suction pump part 27 ... Suction pipe part 31 ... Piping part for water reservoir 33 ... Self-priming pump (auxiliary pump)
40 ... Water reservoir 42 ... Discharge piping section (discharge section)
44 ... driven shaft 47 ... impeller 48 ... transmission mechanism 51 ... discharge pipe part 52 ... discharge pipe part 53 ... discharge pipe part 56 ... switching part 61 ... valve element 62 ... motor 63 ... pressure sensor 64 ... controller 68 ... float member 69 ... Control valve 72 ... Valve element 77 ... Float case 80 ... Float member 81 ... Connecting shaft part 82 ... Link mechanism 83 ... Guide member 84A, 84B ... Link bar 85A, 85B ... Valve element 90 ... Float case 91 ... Float member

Claims (9)

A pump casing having a suction port at one end disposed in the water tank and having the other end extending substantially horizontally above the suction port;
A main shaft disposed so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction in the pump casing;
An impeller that is connected to the main shaft in the pump casing, sucks the liquid in the water tank from the suction port of the pump casing, and discharges the liquid in a substantially horizontal direction;
A discharge valve that is connected to the downstream side of the pump casing and is switched to an open state in which the inside of the pump casing and a downstream pipe communicate with each other and a closed state in which the communication is blocked;
A suction pipe part having one end connected to the upper part of the pump casing;
An auxiliary pump that is connected to the other end of the suction pipe and sucks the gas or liquid in the pump casing;
A discharge pipe part having one end connected to the discharge part of the auxiliary pump;
One end is connected to the other end of the discharge pipe part, the other end is a pipe or a discharge pipe part opened to the outside of the water tank,
One end is connected to the other end of the discharge pipe part, and the other end is connected to the pump casing or a downstream pipe of the pump casing, and a discharge pipe part,
A switching unit that switches the gas or liquid discharged from the auxiliary pump through the discharge pipe part to be sent to the discharge pipe part or the discharge pipe part;
A horizontal axis pump characterized by comprising:   The auxiliary pump includes a driven rotary shaft that rotates by receiving the rotational driving force of the main shaft, and an impeller that is connected to a tip of the driven rotary shaft and sucks gas or liquid in the pump casing. The horizontal axis pump according to claim 1.   The horizontal axis pump according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary pump is a self-priming pump.   The said suction pipe part has the piping part for water reservoirs bent downward, The said auxiliary pump is connected to the front-end | tip of this piping part for water reservoirs, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The horizontal axis pump according to item.   The switching section includes a valve body that switches between an open / close state of the discharge pipe section and an open / close state of the discharge pipe section, and a sensor that detects a transition from a gas flow state to a liquid flow state is disposed in the discharge pipe portion. The horizontal shaft pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the valve body is controlled to open and close based on a detection value of the sensor.   The horizontal axis pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the switching unit includes a float valve that floats by a flow of liquid and blocks an inflow to the discharge pipe unit.   The horizontal shaft pump according to claim 6, further comprising a control valve disposed in the discharge pipe portion to prevent a gas from passing and allow a liquid to pass. The switching unit opens the discharge pipe part at the first movement position and closes the discharge pipe part, while closing the discharge pipe part at the second movement position and the discharge pipe part. Having a valve body to open
A float case containing a float member that communicates with the pump casing and floats in the liquid is disposed above the connection portion of the suction pipe portion of the pump casing, and the valve body is moved first by the float member. The horizontal shaft pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the horizontal shaft pump is moved to a position or a second movement position. A pump casing having a suction port at one end disposed in the water tank and having the other end extending substantially horizontally above the suction port;
A main shaft disposed so as to extend in a substantially horizontal direction in the pump casing;
An impeller that is connected to the main shaft in the pump casing, sucks the liquid in the water tank from the suction port of the pump casing, and discharges the liquid in a substantially horizontal direction;
A discharge valve that is connected to the downstream side of the pump casing and is switched to an open state in which the inside of the pump casing and a downstream pipe communicate with each other and a closed state in which the communication is shut off;
A suction pipe part having one end connected to the upper part of the pump casing;
An auxiliary pump that is connected to the other end of the suction pipe and sucks the gas or liquid in the pump casing;
One end is connected to the discharge part of the auxiliary pump, the other end is connected to the downstream pipe of the discharge valve, and a discharge pipe part that discharges the gas or liquid discharged from the auxiliary pump to the downstream pipe; ,
A horizontal axis pump characterized by comprising: