JP4926014B2 - Ground improvement material and method for producing ground improvement material - Google Patents
Ground improvement material and method for producing ground improvement material Download PDFInfo
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- JP4926014B2 JP4926014B2 JP2007313151A JP2007313151A JP4926014B2 JP 4926014 B2 JP4926014 B2 JP 4926014B2 JP 2007313151 A JP2007313151 A JP 2007313151A JP 2007313151 A JP2007313151 A JP 2007313151A JP 4926014 B2 JP4926014 B2 JP 4926014B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
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Description
本発明は、液状化対策工や岩盤注入工などに用いるに好適な地盤改良材及びその製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a ground improvement material suitable for use in a liquefaction countermeasure work, a rock mass injection work, and the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
この種の地盤改良材（グラウト）としては、硫酸等の硬化材とともに注入する水ガラス（珪酸ソーダ）や、水ガラスに硫酸等の酸性中和剤を反応させてアルカリを除去し熟成してゾル状にした酸性シリカゾル（コロイダルシリカ）、水ガラスからイオン交換等によってアルカリを除去したコロイダルシリカ（シリカゾル）、あるいはこれらを混合したものなどがある（例えば、水ガラス及びコロイダルシリカを主材とし、硬化材として燐酸及びグリオキザールが添加された特許文献１参照。）。これら従来の地盤改良材は、硬化後強度、ゲルタイム、地盤への浸透性、環境への影響など、さまざまな配慮がなされ、提案されたものである。 As this type of ground improvement material (grouting), water glass (sodium silicate) injected together with a hardening material such as sulfuric acid, or an acid neutralizing agent such as sulfuric acid is reacted with water glass to remove alkali and mature. Acid silica sol (colloidal silica), colloidal silica (silica sol) from which alkali has been removed from water glass by ion exchange, or a mixture of these (for example, water glass and colloidal silica are used as the main ingredients and cured) (See Patent Document 1 in which phosphoric acid and glyoxal were added as materials.) These conventional ground improvement materials have been proposed with various considerations such as strength after hardening, gel time, penetration into the ground, and environmental impact.
しかしながら、この従来の地盤改良材は、耐久性の点で十分なものとはいえなかった。これは、水ガラスはもちろん、コロイダルシリカ（シリカゾル）も、自己溶解を誘発するナトリウム等のアルカリ分が完全に除去されていないためである。
本発明が解決しようとする主たる課題は、耐久性に優れた地盤改良材及びその製造方法を提供することにある。 The main problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ground improvement material excellent in durability and a method for producing the same.
この課題を解決した本発明は、次のとおりである。 The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
〔請求項１記載の発明〕
液状化対策工に用いる地盤改良材であって、
金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたシリカゾルとともに、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸が配合されている、ことを特徴とする地盤改良材。
[Invention of Claim 1 ]
It is a ground improvement material used for liquefaction countermeasure work,
Together with the silica sol prepared without removing the alkali to a metal silicon and raw materials, dilution water glass and sulfuric acid are engaged distribution, soil improvement material, characterized in that.
〔請求項２記載の発明〕
シリカゾル、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸を混合して地盤改良材を製造するにあたり、
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記硫酸を水で希釈してから前記シリカゾルと混合し、この混合液を前記希釈水ガラスと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。
[Invention of Claim 2 ]
In producing a ground improvement material by mixing silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The sulfuric acid is mixed with the silica sol was diluted with water, Blend the mixture is mixed with the diluting water glass,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
〔請求項３記載の発明〕
シリカゾル、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸を配合して地盤改良材を製造するにあたり、
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記シリカゾルを水で希釈してから前記硫酸と混合し、この混合液を前記希釈水ガラスと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。
[Invention of Claim 3 ]
In manufacturing the ground improvement material by blending silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The silica sol was mixed with the sulfuric acid is diluted with water to Blend the mixture is mixed with the diluting water glass,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
〔請求項４記載の発明〕
シリカゾル、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸を配合して地盤改良材を製造するにあたり、
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記硫酸を水で希釈してから前記希釈水ガラスと混合し、この混合液を前記シリカゾルと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。
[Invention of Claim 4 ]
In manufacturing the ground improvement material by blending silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The sulfuric acid is mixed with the dilution water glass was diluted with water, Blend the mixture was mixed with the silica sol,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
本発明によると、耐久性に優れた地盤改良材及びその製造方法となる。 According to this invention, it becomes the ground improvement material excellent in durability, and its manufacturing method.
次に、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
本形態の地盤改良材は、金属珪素（シリコン）から製造されたシリカゾル（コロイダルシリカ）が配合されていること、つまり水ガラスではなく金属珪素を原材料とするコロイダルシリカが配合されていることを特徴とする。水ガラスを原材料とすると、硬化材や中和剤として硫酸等の酸と反応させたとしても製造されるコロイダルシリカコロイド中に残留したアルカリが残り、耐久性が劣る。これに対し、金属珪素はアルカリを含まないため、金属珪素を原材料とするコロイダルシリカもアルカリを含まず、したがって当該コロイダルシリカが配合された地盤改良材は、耐久性に優れたものとなる。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The ground improvement material of this embodiment is characterized in that silica sol (colloidal silica) produced from metallic silicon (silicon) is blended, that is, colloidal silica using metallic silicon as a raw material is blended instead of water glass. And When water glass is used as a raw material, even if it is reacted with an acid such as sulfuric acid as a curing agent or a neutralizing agent, residual alkali remains in the produced colloidal silica colloid, resulting in poor durability. On the other hand, since metal silicon does not contain an alkali, colloidal silica using metal silicon as a raw material also does not contain an alkali. Therefore, a ground improvement material containing the colloidal silica is excellent in durability.
ここで金属珪素からシリカゾルを製造する方法は、特に限定されない。例えば、金属珪素からシリカゾルを製造する方法を開示する米国特許２６１４９９５号公報や、金属珪素からテトラメチルシリケートを製造する方法を開示する米国特許２４７３２６０号公報、テトラメチルシリケートからシリカゾル（コロイダルシリカ）を製造する方法を開示する特開平６−３１６４０７号公報などを参考にすることができる。 Here, the method for producing silica sol from metallic silicon is not particularly limited. For example, US Pat. No. 2,614,995 discloses a method for producing a silica sol from metallic silicon, US Pat. No. 2,473,260 discloses a method for producing tetramethyl silicate from metallic silicon, and a silica sol (colloidal silica) is produced from tetramethyl silicate. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-316407, which discloses a method for performing the above, can be referred to.
金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルは、そのまま地盤改良材とすることもでき、また、この地盤改良材は、その用途が特に限定されない。ただし、得られた地盤改良材を液状化対策工に用いる場合は、金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルとともに、希釈水ガラス及び酸性中和剤たる硫酸を配合するのが好ましい。水ガラス及び硫酸を配合すると、安価に強度向上を図ることができる。この点、水ガラスを配合すると、たとえ酸性中和剤たる硫酸も配合するとしてもアルカリ残留の問題が生じる。しかしながら、液状化対策工の場合は、大きな強度の必要性はなく配合される水ガラスが比較的少量ため、少量のアルカリ残留は、大きな問題とはならない。なお、液状化対策工については、例えば、特許第３１０２７８６号公報などを参考にすることができる。 Silica sol produced from metallic silicon can be used as a ground improvement material as it is, and the use of this ground improvement material is not particularly limited. However, when using the obtained ground improvement material for a liquefaction countermeasure work, it is preferable to mix | blend diluting water glass and the sulfuric acid which is an acidic neutralizer with the silica sol manufactured from the metal silicon. When water glass and sulfuric acid are blended, the strength can be improved at a low cost. In this regard, when water glass is blended, there is a problem of alkali residue even if sulfuric acid which is an acidic neutralizer is blended. However, in the case of countermeasures against liquefaction, there is no need for high strength and a relatively small amount of water glass is blended, so that a small amount of residual alkali is not a big problem. In addition, about liquefaction countermeasure work, patent 312786 gazette etc. can be referred, for example.
以上において、ＪＩＳ３号水ガラスを使用する場合、シリカゾル、３号水ガラス、硫酸の配合割合（容量基準）は、１ｍ3あたり５０Ｌ：５０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．０５〜５００Ｌ：３００Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×２．０、好ましくは１ｍ3あたり８０Ｌ：８０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．１〜２００Ｌ：２００Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．５である。また、特殊高モル水ガラス（ＳｉＯ2（２４％）、Ｎａ2Ｏ（６．２％）、比重１．２８）を使用する場合、シリカゾル、特殊水ガラス、硫酸の配合割合（容量基準）は、１ｍ3あたり５０Ｌ：５０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．０５〜５００Ｌ：４００Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×２．０、好ましくは１ｍ3あたり８０Ｌ：８０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．１〜２５０Ｌ：２５０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．５である。さらに、特殊高モル水ガラス（ＳｉＯ2（１８％）、Ｎａ2Ｏ（４．１％）、比重１．２０）を使用する場合、シリカゾル、特殊水ガラス、硫酸の配合割合（容量基準）は、１ｍ3あたり５０Ｌ：５０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．０５〜４００Ｌ：５００Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×２．０、好ましくは１ｍ3あたり８０Ｌ：８０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．１〜２５０Ｌ：２５０Ｌ：水ガラス中和量×１．５である。シリカゾルの配合割合に対する水ガラスの配合割合が多いと、注入材中の塩分濃度が高くなり収縮等の問題が発生する。他方、シリカゾルの配合割合に対する希釈水ガラスの配合割合が少ないと、強度が大幅に低下する。 In the above, when using the JIS3 water glass, silica sol, water glass No. 3, mixing ratio (by volume) of sulfuric acid, per 1 m 3 50L: 50L: water glass neutralizing amount × 1.05~500L: 300L: Water glass neutralization amount × 2.0, preferably 80 L: 80 L: water glass neutralization amount × 1.1 to 200 L: 200 L: water glass neutralization amount × 1.5 per m 3 In addition, when using special high molar water glass (SiO 2 (24%), Na 2 O (6.2%), specific gravity 1.28), the mixing ratio (volume basis) of silica sol, special water glass and sulfuric acid is 50 L per 1 m 3 : 50 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 1.05 to 500 L: 400 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 2.0, preferably 80 L per 1 m 3 : 80 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 1.1 ~ 250L: 250L: water glass neutralization amount × 1.5. Furthermore, when using special high molar water glass (SiO 2 (18%), Na 2 O (4.1%), specific gravity 1.20), the mixing ratio of silica sol, special water glass and sulfuric acid (volume basis) is 50 L per 1 m 3 : 50 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 1.05 to 400 L: 500 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 2.0, preferably 80 L per 1 m 3 : 80 L: Neutralization amount of water glass × 1.1 ~ 250L: 250L: water glass neutralization amount × 1.5. When the mixing ratio of the water glass with respect to the mixing ratio of the silica sol is large, the salt concentration in the injection material becomes high and problems such as shrinkage occur. On the other hand, if the blending ratio of the diluted water glass with respect to the blending ratio of the silica sol is small, the strength is greatly reduced.
ところで、以上のようにシリカゾル、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸を混合して地盤改良材を製造するにあたっては、シリカゾルと硫酸とを直接混合すること、及び、シリカゾルと希釈水ガラスとを直接混合することは、避けるのが好ましい。シリカゾルと硫酸とを直接混合すると、ゲル化するのが早く、例えば、シリカゾル１００Ｌと硫酸２３．５Ｌとを直接混合すると、数分〜数時間でゲル化してしまう。また、シリカゾルと希釈水ガラスとを直接混合すると、白濁、沈殿の問題が生じ易く、例えば、本発明者らが試験したところによると、シリカゾル１００Ｌと希釈水ガラス（水：水ガラス＝２：１）３６０Ｌとを直接混合すると、瞬時に白濁、沈殿の問題が生じた。 By the way, in producing a ground improvement material by mixing silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid as described above, it is possible to directly mix silica sol and sulfuric acid, and to directly mix silica sol and diluted water glass. To avoid. When silica sol and sulfuric acid are directly mixed, gelation is fast. For example, when silica sol 100 L and sulfuric acid 23.5 L are directly mixed, gelation occurs in several minutes to several hours. Further, when silica sol and diluted water glass are directly mixed, problems of white turbidity and precipitation are likely to occur. For example, according to a test by the present inventors, silica sol 100L and diluted water glass (water: water glass = 2: 1). ) When directly mixed with 360 L, problems of white turbidity and precipitation occurred instantly.
これらを避ける方法としては、次の３形態を推奨する。
すなわち、シリカゾルとして金属珪素から製造されたものを用いることを前提に、（１）硫酸を水で希釈（例えば、硫酸濃度５０％以下、好ましくは２０％以下に希釈。）してからシリカゾルと混合し、この混合液を希釈水ガラスと混合する、（２）シリカゾルを水で希釈（例えば、シリカ濃度２０％以下、好ましくは１５％以下に希釈。）してから硫酸と混合し、この混合液を希釈水ガラスと混合する、（３）硫酸を水で希釈（例えば、硫酸濃度５０％以下、好ましくは２０％以下に希釈。）してから希釈水ガラスと混合し、この混合液をシリカゾルと混合する、形態である。
The following three forms are recommended as a method for avoiding these problems.
That is, on the assumption that a silica sol manufactured from metal silicon is used, (1) dilute sulfuric acid with water (for example, dilute to a sulfuric acid concentration of 50% or less, preferably 20% or less) and mix with silica sol. (2) The silica sol is diluted with water (for example, diluted to a silica concentration of 20% or less, preferably 15% or less) and then mixed with sulfuric acid. (3) The sulfuric acid is diluted with water (for example, diluted to a sulfuric acid concentration of 50% or less, preferably 20% or less) and then mixed with the diluted water glass. Mixed form.
以上に対し、本形態の地盤改良材は、その用途にかかわらず、好ましくは先行してセメント系の地盤改良材が注入されている地盤に注入される場合（岩盤注入など）は、金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルとともに、マグネシウム塩を配合するのが好ましい。この点、本形態の地盤改良材による固結物（本形態の地盤改良材が注入されて強度の高まった地盤）は、アルカリ金属水酸化物に対して溶解する傾向がある。しかしながら、マグネシウム塩等のアルカリ土類金属塩を配合すると、アルカリ側でアルカリ土類金属珪酸塩が生成され、アルカリに対する固結物の耐久性が向上する。ただし、たとえアルカリ土類金属塩であってもカルシウム塩を配合すると、混合後数分以内に白濁、沈殿（ゲル化）してしまい、溶液系の特徴である高浸透性を期待できない。したがって、マグネシウム塩を配合するのが好ましい。特に、先行してセメント系の地盤改良材が注入されている地盤に注入される場合は、金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルとともに、マグネシウム塩が配合されていると、安定したゲルタイムを得ることができるとの利点がある。 On the other hand, the ground improvement material of this embodiment is preferably made of metal silicon when injected into the ground in which cement-based ground improvement material is injected in advance, regardless of its use (such as rock injection). It is preferable to mix a magnesium salt with the produced silica sol. In this respect, the solidified material (the ground whose strength has been increased by injecting the ground improving material of the present embodiment) by the ground improving material of the present embodiment tends to be dissolved in the alkali metal hydroxide. However, when an alkaline earth metal salt such as a magnesium salt is blended, an alkaline earth metal silicate is generated on the alkali side, and the durability of the consolidated product against the alkali is improved. However, even if it is an alkaline earth metal salt, if calcium salt is blended, it becomes cloudy and precipitates (gelation) within a few minutes after mixing, and the high permeability characteristic of the solution system cannot be expected. Therefore, it is preferable to blend a magnesium salt. In particular, when it is injected into the ground where the cement-based ground improvement material is injected in advance, a stable gel time can be obtained when a magnesium salt is blended together with a silica sol produced from metallic silicon. And have the advantage.
ここで、マグネシウム塩が配合される前にシリカゾルのｐＨを２〜８、好ましくは３〜７に、硫酸を代表とする無機酸でｐＨ調整を行うのが好ましい。本形態のシリカゾルはｐＨ９〜１０であるが、この状態でマグネシウム塩を添加すると、瞬結となり、高い浸透性が得られない可能性がある。 Here, it is preferable to adjust the pH of the silica sol to 2 to 8, preferably 3 to 7, with an inorganic acid typified by sulfuric acid before the magnesium salt is blended. The silica sol of this embodiment has a pH of 9 to 10, but if a magnesium salt is added in this state, instantaneous crystallization occurs and high permeability may not be obtained.
ここでシリカゾルとマグネシウム塩との配合割合（容量：重量基準）は、１０００Ｌ：１０ｇ〜１０００Ｌ：５００ｇ、好ましくは１０００Ｌ：５０ｇ〜１０００Ｌ：２００ｇである。コロイダルシリカの配合割合に対するマグネシウム塩の配合割合が多いと、粘度が上昇し浸透性能が劣る。他方、コロイダルシリカの配合割合に対するマグネシウム塩の配合割合が少ないと、セメントと注入材が接触し、注入材がアルカリになったとき、ゲルタイムが大幅に長くなる。 Here, the mixing ratio (volume: weight basis) of silica sol and magnesium salt is 1000 L: 10 g to 1000 L: 500 g, preferably 1000 L: 50 g to 1000 L: 200 g. When the blending ratio of the magnesium salt relative to the blending ratio of the colloidal silica is large, the viscosity increases and the permeation performance is inferior. On the other hand, if the blending ratio of the magnesium salt relative to the blending ratio of the colloidal silica is small, the cement and the injecting material come into contact with each other, and when the injecting material becomes alkali, the gel time is significantly increased.
（その他）
（１）本形態において使用することができる水ガラスは、その種類が特に限定されない。例えば、ＪＩＳ１４０８規定の珪酸ソーダ（ＸＮａ2Ｏ・ＹＳｉＯ2）相当品、すなわち、ＪＩＳ１号、２号、３号水ガラス や、珪素を溶解してモル比（ＳｉＯ2／Ｎａ2Ｏ）４程度の高モル比とした水ガラスなどを使用することができる。これらのうち、例えば、ＪＩＳ３号水ガラス は、ＳｉＯ2（２８〜３０質量％）、Ｎａ2Ｏ（９〜１０質量％）及び水（残部）からなるものであり、モル比（ＳｉＯ2／Ｎａ2Ｏ）が２．８〜３．３３とされる。
(Other)
(1) The type of water glass that can be used in this embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, JIS 1408 standard sodium silicate (XNa 2 O · YSiO 2 ) equivalent product, that is, JIS No. 1, No. 3, No. 3 water glass or silicon is dissolved to a molar ratio (SiO 2 / Na 2 O) of about 4 Water glass having a high molar ratio can be used. Among these, for example, JIS No. 3 water glass is composed of SiO 2 (28 to 30% by mass), Na 2 O (9 to 10% by mass) and water (remainder), and has a molar ratio (SiO 2 / Na 2 O) is set to 2.8 to 3.33.
（２）本形態において使用することができる水ガラスは、ナトリウム以外のアルカリ金属、例えば、カリウムやリチウムなどを構成成分としていてもよい。本明細書において、水ガラスという言葉を用いているのは、アルカリ金属がナトリウムであることに限定する趣旨ではない。 (2) The water glass that can be used in this embodiment may contain an alkali metal other than sodium, for example, potassium or lithium. In this specification, the use of the term water glass is not intended to limit the alkali metal to sodium.
（３）本形態の水ガラスは、水で希釈して希釈水ガラスとして使用するが、その希釈率は特に限定されない。ただし、希釈率は、好ましくは１．５倍〜４倍、より好ましくは２〜３倍である。希釈率が１．５倍を下回ると、水ガラスの粘性が大きく酸性液と混ざりにくい為、部分ゲルが発生しやすい。他方、希釈率が４倍を上回ると、シリカゾルの配合割合を大きくできないとの問題がある。 (3) Although the water glass of this form is diluted with water and used as dilution water glass, the dilution rate is not specifically limited. However, the dilution rate is preferably 1.5 to 4 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times. When the dilution rate is less than 1.5 times, the viscosity of the water glass is so large that it is difficult to mix with the acidic liquid, so that a partial gel is likely to occur. On the other hand, if the dilution rate exceeds 4 times, there is a problem that the blending ratio of silica sol cannot be increased.
次に、本発明の実施例を説明する。
〔試験例１〕
金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルと希釈水ガラス及び硫酸とが配合された地盤改良材について、耐久性を評価する試験を行った。原材料の種類及び配合割合は、表１に示すとおりとした。また、評価項目は、サンドゲルタイム（時間）、ホモゲルタイム（時間）、サンドゲル一軸強度（ｋＰａ、材令７日、豊浦砂を使用。）、サンドゲル一軸強度（ｋＰａ、材令２８日、豊浦砂を使用。）とした。結果は、表１に示した。なお、コロイダルシリカ（シリカゾル）としては、済南銀豊硅制品公司製（ＳｉＯ2：３．３質量％、Ｎａ2Ｏ：０．３５質量％、比重１．２１）を使用した。また、水ガラスとしては、ＳｉＯ2（２８．５質量％）、Ｎａ2Ｏ（９．４質量％）及び水（残部）からなり、比重１．４の３号水ガラスを使用した。この３号水ガラスは、３倍に希釈して使用した。
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
[Test Example 1]
A test for evaluating the durability of the ground improvement material in which silica sol produced from metallic silicon, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid were blended was conducted. The types and mixing ratios of raw materials are as shown in Table 1. Evaluation items are sand gel time (hours), homogel time (hours), sand gel uniaxial strength (kPa, material 7 days, Toyoura sand is used), sand gel uniaxial strength (kPa, material age 28 days, Toyoura sand) Used.) The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, as colloidal silica (silica sol), Jinan Silver Toyotomi Products Co., Ltd. (SiO 2 : 3.3 mass%, Na 2 O: 0.35 mass%, specific gravity 1.21) was used. As the water glass, SiO 2 (28.5 wt%) consists of Na 2 O (9.4 wt%) and water (balance), were used 3 water glass having a specific gravity of 1.4. This No. 3 water glass was used after being diluted 3 times.
〔試験例２〕
金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルとアルカリ土類金属塩とが配合された地盤改良材について、アルカリ土類金属塩としてマグネシウム塩を使用した場合とカルシウム塩を使用した場合とを比較する試験を行った。原材料の種類及び配合割合並びに結果を、表２に示した。なお、外観は目視によって評価した。
[Test Example 2]
For ground improvement materials containing silica sol produced from metallic silicon and alkaline earth metal salt, a test was conducted comparing the case where magnesium salt was used as the alkaline earth metal salt and the case where calcium salt was used. . Table 2 shows the types and blending ratios of raw materials and the results. The appearance was visually evaluated.
〔試験例３〕
金属珪素から製造されたシリカゾルにアルカリ土類金属塩を配合する場合と配合しない場合とを比較する試験を行った。また、アルカリ土類金属塩を配合した場合のシリカゾルのｐＨとゲル化時間の関係および原材料の種類及び配合割合並びに結果を、表３に示した。
[Test Example 3]
A test was conducted to compare the case where the alkaline earth metal salt was blended with the case where the alkaline earth metal salt was blended with the silica sol produced from metal silicon. Table 3 shows the relationship between the pH of the silica sol and the gelation time, the type and blending ratio of raw materials, and the results when an alkaline earth metal salt was blended.
〔試験例４〕
試験例３で示した地盤改良材の一部（参考例３、参考例４、参考例５及び比較例６）について、数ｍｍ〜数十ｍｍに粉砕した超微粒子セメント固結物と混合し、サンドゲルタイム及び硫化水素発生量（ｐｐｍ、２４時間平均）を測定した。地盤改良材の種類及び結果を表４に示した。なお、超微粒子セメント固結物としては、アロフィックス（Ｗ／Ｃ：１００％、ＭＣセット１％、材令２日）を用いた。
[Test Example 4]
About a part of the ground improvement material shown in Test Example 3 ( Reference Example 3 , Reference Example 4 , Reference Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 ), it was mixed with an ultrafine cement cement solidified to several mm to several tens mm. Sand gel time and hydrogen sulfide generation amount (ppm, average for 24 hours) were measured. Table 4 shows the types of ground improvement materials and the results. Allofix (W / C: 100%, MC set 1%, material age 2 days) was used as the ultrafine cement cement.
本発明は、液状化対策工や岩盤注入工などに用いる地盤改良材及びその製造方法として、適用可能である。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable as a ground improvement material used for a liquefaction countermeasure work, a rock mass injection work, and the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
Claims (4)
金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたシリカゾルとともに、希釈水ガラス及び硫酸が配合されている、ことを特徴とする地盤改良材。 It is a ground improvement material used for liquefaction countermeasure work,
Together with the silica sol prepared without removing the alkali to a metal silicon and raw materials, dilution water glass and sulfuric acid are engaged distribution, soil improvement material, characterized in that.
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記硫酸を水で希釈してから前記シリカゾルと混合し、この混合液を前記希釈水ガラスと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。 In producing a ground improvement material by mixing silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The sulfuric acid is mixed with the silica sol was diluted with water, Blend the mixture is mixed with the diluting water glass,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記シリカゾルを水で希釈してから前記硫酸と混合し、この混合液を前記希釈水ガラスと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。 In manufacturing the ground improvement material by blending silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The silica sol was mixed with the sulfuric acid is diluted with water to Blend the mixture is mixed with the diluting water glass,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
前記シリカゾルとして金属珪素を原材料とするアルカリを除去することなく製造されたものを用いるとともに、
前記硫酸を水で希釈してから前記希釈水ガラスと混合し、この混合液を前記シリカゾルと混合して配合する、
ことを特徴とする地盤改良材の製造方法。 In manufacturing the ground improvement material by blending silica sol, diluted water glass and sulfuric acid,
While using the silica sol produced without removing the alkali using metal silicon as a raw material ,
The sulfuric acid is mixed with the dilution water glass was diluted with water, Blend the mixture was mixed with the silica sol,
A method for producing a ground improvement material characterized by the above.
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