JP4934913B2 - Display device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a display device that exhibits different patterns when viewed from the front and back sides.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Japanese Patent No. 2617393 discloses a panel that can be seen through a substrate and has different patterns when viewed from the front and back sides. The panel is designed so that the presence / absence or type of the design is different between one side and the other side of a transparent or translucent material, and the design is superimposed on a silhouette pattern or is a silhouette pattern. The transparency from the side where the design is formed in black or dark color to the other is maintained, and the transparency from the side where the design is formed in white or light color to the other is It uses the phenomenon of being blocked.
[0003]
According to such a panel, various visual effects can be obtained. That is, the effect of maintaining a clear perspective from one side of the panel to the other side, excluding the part covered by the design, while allowing a clear perspective from the other side to the one side in the whole panel, The effect of blocking the entire view from one side to the other while allowing the entire panel to be seen from the other side to the one side, the view from the other side to the one side as a whole or The effect of enabling clear see-through from one side to the other side, or blocking the see-through from both sides as a whole, is obtained except for the designed part while partially blocking. Because of these visual effects, the panel gives a viewer a surprising impression, so it can be effectively used for applications that attract attention such as advertising boards or guide boards, and also has a perspective effect in one direction. It can also be used for window materials.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the panel has various visual effects as described above, the design and the visual effect once formed are fixed and cannot be changed because the design is colored with ink. was there.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of changing the display design and the visual effect.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electron having an opaque region of black or dark color subdivided on a transmissive substrate, and an optical reflection characteristic is changed on the opaque region by the action of an electric field. to have a display unit consisting of addressable contrast media, electronic manner consists addressable microcapsules contrast medium is transparent liquid and each optical properties encapsulating two or more of the plurality of microspheres different, the The display device is characterized in that the contrast medium is capable of changing optical characteristics from white or light to black or dark, or from black or dark to white or light .
[0007]
A second aspect of the present invention is the display device according to the first aspect, wherein the display by the electronically addressable contrast medium is retained even after the electric field is removed.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the display device according to the first or second aspect, the opaque region is made of a conductive material and also serves as an address line of an electronically addressable contrast medium.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A schematic view of a cross section of a display device representing the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. A display device 101 shown in FIG. 1 includes a non-transparent area divided into a large number on a light-transmitting substrate, and a contrast medium whose optical reflection characteristics are changed by the action of an electric field, which can be electronically addressed thereon. It is configured by laminating display units that are installed.
[0015]
The light transmissive substrate 1 is appropriately selected from glass, or a transparent or translucent substrate such as polyacrylate (PA), polyethersulfone (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
[0016]
The opaque region 2 is placed on the light transmissive substrate 1 by printing or other means using a material having a high light shielding property. Here, the opaque region 2 may be a single color layer or a layer provided with a pattern. If the opaque region is made of a conductive material, it can also serve as an address line of an electronically addressable contrast medium.
[0017]
The display unit 8 is an electrode 4 made of a transparent conductive film such as indium tin oxide (ITO) on a light-transparent substrate 3, and a contrast medium 5 whose optical reflection characteristics are changed by the action of an electric field, and transparent such as ITO. The electrode 6 made of a conductive film, and a light transmissive base material 7 appropriately selected from transparent base materials such as glass, PA, PES, PC, and PET are laminated in order.
[0018]
The display device 101 is configured by installing the display unit 8 on the opaque region 2. Here, the display unit 8 is installed such that the boundary facing the transparent or translucent area of the contrast medium 5 is not misaligned with the boundary of the opaque area 2 with the transparent or translucent area.
[0019]
According to the display device 101, the opaque region 2 is black or dark color, and the contrast medium 5 can change optical characteristics from white or light color (black or dark color) to black or dark color (white or light color). In this case, a clear perspective from the light-transmitting substrate 1 side to the light-transmitting substrate 7 side is maintained without being influenced by the design by the contrast medium 5, and light is transmitted from the light-transmitting substrate 7 side. It is possible to partially block the see-through to the transmissive substrate 1 side except for the portion covered by the black or dark color design. In addition, when the contrast medium 5 is configured by periodically patterning three kinds of media capable of changing optical characteristics between any one of the three primary colors of yellow, red, and blue and white The display unit 8 allows the color design to be freely performed while maintaining a clear perspective from the light transmissive substrate 1 side to the light transmissive substrate 7 side without being affected by the design of the contrast medium 5. Can be formed.
[0020]
In addition, when the display using the contrast medium 5 is entirely white or bright, the fluoroscopy from the light transmissive substrate 7 side is entirely blocked while the fluoroscopy from the light transmissive substrate 1 side is maintained. In the case where the display by the contrast medium 5 is entirely black or dark, the entire perspective from both sides can be maintained.
[0021]
Here, the design using the contrast medium 5 can be electrically rewritten, and the character information, the design, and the like can be updated as necessary.
[0022]
In addition, the contrast medium 5 is an electrochromic material, a microcapsule in which a dispersion medium and charged particles are encapsulated, a microsphere or a microcylinder, or a cholesteric liquid crystal, which has two different colors and has different color areas. Is used, the rewritten design is retained even after the electric field is removed.
[0023]
On the other hand, if the opaque area 2 is white or light color and the contrast medium 5 is capable of changing optical properties from white or light (black or dark) to black or dark (white or light), The design of the display unit 8 and the vision from the light-transmitting substrate 7 side to the light-transmitting substrate 1 side are completely blocked from seeing from the light-transmitting substrate 1 side to the light-transmitting substrate 7 side. The characteristics can be adjusted arbitrarily.
[0024]
As described above, according to the display device 101, the visual characteristics from the light transmissive substrate 7 side to the light transmissive substrate 1 side and the design of the display unit 8 can be changed after the display device is formed.
[0025]
Here, when the contrast medium 5 is driven by an active matrix driving method, the electrode 4 is patterned as a pixel electrode independently for each pixel, and a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown) are provided side by side. The common electrode is formed uniformly on the light-transmitting substrate 7. Alternatively, the electrode 4 may be a common electrode, and the electrode 6 may be a pixel electrode provided with a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown). Here, in the case where the electrode 4 is a common electrode, the electrode 4 does not use the light-transmitting substrate 3, and is on a pattern formed by the opaque region 2 and is light-transmitted subdivided by the opaque region 2. It may be uniformly formed on the entire surface including the surface of the conductive substrate 1.
[0026]
The thin film transistor is selected from low-temperature polysilicon, amorphous silicon, an organic transistor, and other semiconductor materials.
[0027]
In the case of time-division driving, the electrodes 4 and 6 are composed of transparent electrodes made of transparent conductors such as ITO in the form of lines orthogonal to each other, and a contrast medium 5 is formed in a region where the electrodes intersect.
[0028]
In the case of static driving, the electrodes 4 and 6 are each formed by several independent patterns made of a transparent conductor such as ITO, and a voltage is applied independently for each electrode pattern.
[0029]
Note that the driving method is not limited to the method described above, and an optimum method is selected from the characteristics of the contrast medium, the use of the display device, and the like.
[0030]
Next, FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of a display device representing a second embodiment of the present invention. The display device 102 shown in FIG. 2 is configured by stacking a display unit 14 and a display unit 21 configured in the same manner as the display unit 8 in the display device 101 shown in FIG. 1 with an opaque region 15 interposed therebetween. Is done. Here, as the material for forming the opaque region 15, a material having a high light shielding property is used.
[0031]
The display unit 14 and the display unit 21 are installed such that the boundary of the contrast medium 11 and the contrast medium 18 facing the transparent or translucent area is not misaligned with the boundary of the opaque area 15 with the transparent or translucent area.
[0032]
According to the display device 102, the transparency from the light transmissive substrate 9 side to the light transmissive substrate 20 side and the transparency from the light transmissive substrate 20 side to the light transmissive substrate 9 side are contrast media. By appropriately selecting the optical characteristics of 11 and the contrast medium 18, it becomes possible to control them independently. For example, when the display with the contrast medium 11 is white or light on the entire surface and the display with the contrast medium 18 is black or dark on the entire surface, the light transmitting base 20 is maintained while maintaining the perspective from the light transmitting substrate 20 side. When the display from the material 9 side can be totally interrupted, the display by the contrast medium 11 is black or dark, and the display by the contrast medium 18 is white or light, the light-transmitting substrate 9 While maintaining the perspective from the side, the perspective from the light transmissive substrate 20 side can be entirely blocked. In addition, when the contrast media 11 and 18 are all black or dark, the overall perspective from both sides can be maintained, and when the contrast media 11 and 18 are all white or light, they can be seen from both sides. The entire fluoroscopy can be blocked.
[0033]
Further, in the display device 102, when one contrast medium is a contrast medium capable of displaying black and white on the entire surface and the other contrast medium is a contrast medium capable of color display, transparency from one to the other can be achieved. While controlling, the other design can be freely rewritten.
[0034]
Here, the design of the display unit 14 and the display unit 21 can be electrically rewritten independently, and the character information, the design, etc. can be updated as necessary. It is not affected.
[0035]
Furthermore, the contrast medium 11 or 18 is an electrochromic material, a microcapsule in which a dispersion medium and charged particles are encapsulated, a microsphere having two different colors and differently charged regions, or a microcylinder, or When the cholesteric liquid crystal is included, the rewritten design is retained even after the electric field is removed.
[0036]
As described above, according to the display device 102, the design of each display unit can be freely rewritten after the display device is formed, and the visual characteristics from one display unit side to the other display unit side. Can be arbitrarily adjusted.
[0037]
Note that the driving of the contrast medium 11 and the contrast medium 18 in the display device 102 is used from the active matrix driving method, the time-division driving method, the static driving method, and other driving methods as in the case of the display device 101. The optimum method is selected based on the characteristics of the contrast medium and the use of the display device.
[0038]
Here, when the contrast medium 11 is driven by the active matrix driving method, the electrode 12 is independently patterned for each pixel as a pixel electrode, and a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown) are provided side by side. Is a common electrode uniformly formed on the light-transmitting substrate 9. Alternatively, the electrode 12 may be a common electrode, and the electrode 10 may be a pixel electrode provided with a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown). Here, in the case where the electrode 12 is a common electrode, the electrode 12 does not use the light-transmitting base material 13, but is on the pattern formed by the opaque region 15, and is light-transmitted subdivided by the opaque region 15. It may be formed uniformly over the entire surface including the surface of the conductive substrate 16.
[0039]
Similarly, when the contrast medium 18 is driven by the active matrix driving method, the electrode 17 is patterned as a pixel electrode independently for each pixel, and a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown) are provided side by side. Is a common electrode uniformly formed on the light transmissive substrate 20. Alternatively, the electrode 17 may be a common electrode, and the electrode 19 may be a pixel electrode provided with a thin film transistor, a signal electrode, and a scanning electrode (not shown). Here, when the electrode 17 is used as a common electrode, the electrode 17 does not use the light-transmitting base material 16, but is on the pattern formed by the opaque region 15, and is light-transmitted by the opaque region 15. It may be uniformly formed on the entire surface including the surface of the conductive base material 13.
[0040]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0041]
[Example 1]
FIG. 3 shows a display device 103 using microcapsules in which white particles and black particles are enclosed in a transparent dispersion medium as a contrast medium.
[0042]
First, a process for preparing microcapsules will be described.
[0043]
As the microcapsule, a known electrophoretic display that causes a change in contrast to a viewer by moving charged particles by an electric field was used. That is, white particles were dispersed and fixed with titanium oxide in polyamide resin, and black particles were dispersed in polystyrene resin with black particles to form charged particles having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0044]
Next, charged particles produced by the above method are added to 100 cc of a 1: 1 aqueous solution of a partial sodium salt solution of 5% polystyrene sulfonic acid as an emulsifier and an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent as a liquid dispersion medium, and a homogenizer is used. The mixture was stirred at 6000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain an emulsion in which a liquid dispersion medium containing white charged particles and black charged particles was uniformly dispersed in an aqueous solution.
[0045]
Separately, a commercially available melamine powder was added to a 37% aqueous solution of formaldehyde, adjusted to pH 9.0 with a sodium hydroxide solution, and heated at a water temperature of 60 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a melamine / formaldehyde prepolymer. Next, melamine / formaldehyde prepolymer is added to the above emulsion, and the mixture is kept at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 5 hours while stirring at 100 to 300 revolutions with an Ajihomo mixer, and then adjusted to pH 7 Cooled to room temperature.
[0046]
As a result, a wall member made of melamine / formaldehyde resin was deposited around the liquid dispersion medium containing white charged particles and black charged particles, and microcapsules 27 having an average particle diameter of 40 to 70 μm containing charged particles were obtained. .
[0047]
A mixture of the microcapsules 27 thus obtained dispersed in a resin 26 made of a negative photoresist that can be developed with an alkali is prepared on one side of a PET transparent substrate 24 in advance with a pixel electrode 25 made of ITO. The thin film transistor, the signal electrode, and the scanning electrode (not shown) were applied to the patterned surface, dried, and then exposed to ultraviolet rays by adhering a photomask that was not shielded only on the portion overlapping the pixel electrode 25. Subsequently, the unexposed portion was removed by alkali development, and a layer containing microcapsules 27 was formed on the pixel electrode 25.
[0048]
On the layer containing the microcapsule 27 formed in this way, the transparent substrate 29 made of PET in which the transparent common electrode 28 made of ITO is laminated in advance, and the transparent common electrode 28 side is in contact with the layer containing the microcapsule 27 The display unit 30 was obtained by pasting in the orientation. Only the display unit 30 can be regarded as a display device by regarding the pixel electrode 25 as an opaque region.
[0049]
Separately, an opaque region 23 was formed on a light transmissive substrate 22 made of PET by printing black ink in the same pattern as the layer including the pixel electrode 25 and the microcapsule 27.
[0050]
Finally, the display unit 103 was obtained by pasting the display unit 30 and the surface of the light transmissive substrate 22 with the opaque region 23 on which the opaque region 23 was formed. At this time, bonding was performed so that there was no misregistration between the pattern of the layer including the microcapsule 27 and the pattern of the opaque region 23.
[0051]
According to the display device 103 thus obtained, the perspective from the light transmissive substrate 29 to the light transmissive substrate 22 side is maintained while the perspective from the light transmissive substrate 22 side is maintained to the light transmissive substrate 29 side. Sex could be adjusted arbitrarily. That is, when the display of the microcapsules viewed from the light-transmitting substrate 29 side is black, the transparency can be obtained, and when the display is white, the transparency can be blocked. Further, according to the present device 103, the design of the display on the light transmissive substrate 29 side could be freely rewritten with the electrically connected microcapsules. At this time, the design of the microcapsules did not affect the light transmitting substrate 22 side.
[0052]
Further, the contrast medium used in this example maintained the rewritten design even after the electric field was removed.
[0053]
[Example 2]
As a contrast medium, FIG. 4 shows three types of microcapsules in which white particles and black particles are encapsulated in a transparent dispersion medium, and three types in which white particles are encapsulated in a dispersion medium colored in one of yellow, red, and blue. A display device 104 using microcapsules is shown.
[0054]
First, a microcapsule 44 having a particle diameter of 40 μm was prepared by enclosing a dispersion in which titanium oxide particles having a particle diameter of 3 μm that had been surface-treated with a polyethylene resin in a blue colored dispersion medium. Similarly, a microcapsule 45 enclosing a red dispersion medium and titanium oxide particles and a microcapsule 46 enclosing a yellow dispersion medium and titanium oxide particles were prepared.
[0055]
Next, a mixture of a microcapsule 44 encapsulating titanium oxide particles in a blue colored dispersion medium and a resin 41 made of a negative photoresist that can be alkali-developed is placed on one side on a light-transmitting substrate 39 made of PET in advance by ITO. The pixel electrode 40, the thin film transistor (not shown), the signal electrode, and the scanning electrode were applied to the patterned surface and dried.
[0056]
Next, ultraviolet light was exposed by attaching a photomask in which only one of the three adjacent electrodes of the pixel electrode 40 was not shielded from light. Subsequently, the unexposed portion was removed by alkali development, and a layer containing microcapsules 44 was formed on the pixel electrode 40.
[0057]
Similarly, a layer including microcapsules 45 enclosing red colored dispersion medium and titanium oxide, and a layer including microcapsules 46 enclosing yellow colored dispersion medium and titanium oxide were sequentially formed.
[0058]
A transparent substrate 43 made of PES in which a transparent common electrode 42 made of ITO is previously laminated on the layer on which microcapsules 44, 45, and 46 are patterned in this way, the transparent common electrode 42 side is a microcapsule 44, The display unit 47 was formed by bonding in a direction in contact with the layer including 45 and 46.
[0059]
Next, the display unit 37 was formed in the same manner as the display unit 30. At this time, the layers including the microcapsules 34 and the pixel electrodes 32 have the same pattern as the layers including the pixel electrodes 40 and the microcapsules 44, 45, and 46 in the display unit 47.
[0060]
Next, an opaque region 38 was formed on the light transmissive substrate 36 in the display unit 37 by printing black ink so that there was no misregistration in the same pattern as the layer including the pixel electrode 32 and the microcapsule 34. . The opaque region 38 may be printed on the light transmissive substrate 36 before the display portion 37 is formed.
[0061]
Finally, the opaque region 38 formed on the display unit 37 was bonded to the display unit 47 to obtain the display device 104. At this time, the pattern of the opaque region 38 and the pattern of each layer including the microcapsules 44, 45, and 46 in the display unit 47 were bonded so that there was no misregistration.
[0062]
According to the display device 104 thus obtained, the transparency from the light transmissive substrate 31 side to the light transmissive substrate 43 side can be controlled by appropriately selecting the optical characteristics of the microcapsules 34. For example, when the display by the microcapsule 34 is made entirely white, the fluoroscopy from the light-transmitting substrate 31 side can be totally blocked without being affected by the design of the display unit 47, and when the entire surface is made black. Thus, it was possible to maintain the overall perspective from the light transmissive substrate 31 side without being affected by the design of the display unit 47.
[0063]
In addition, the design of the display unit 37 and the display unit 47 can be electrically rewritten independently, and character information, designs, etc. can be updated as necessary. I will not receive it.
[0064]
Furthermore, the contrast medium used in this example maintained the rewritten design even after the electric field was removed.
[0065]
【Effect of the invention】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a display device in which the transparency from one direction or both directions and the design can be freely rewritten.
[0066]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing Example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing Example 2 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Light transmissive base material 2 ... Opaque area | region 3 ... Light transmissive base material 4 ... Electrode 5 ... Contrast medium 6 ... Electrode 7 ... Light transmissive base material 8 ... Display part 9 ... Light transmissive base material 10 ... Electrode 11 ... contrast medium 12 ... electrode 13 ... light transmissive substrate 14 ... display portion 15 ... opaque region 16 ... light transmissive substrate 17 ... electrode 18 ... contrast medium 19 ... light transmissive substrate 20 ... light transmissive substrate 21 Display unit 22 Light transmissive substrate 23 Opaque region 24 Light transmissive substrate 25 Pixel electrode 26 Resin 27 Microcapsule 28 containing transparent dispersion medium and black and white particles Common electrode 29 Light transmissive Substrate 30 ... Display unit 31 ... Light transmissive substrate 32 ... Pixel electrode 33 ... Resin 34 ... Microcapsule 35 encapsulating transparent dispersion medium and black and white particles ... Common electrode 36 ... Light transmissive substrate 37 ... Display unit 38 ... Opaque Area 39 ... light transmission Substrate 40 ... pixel electrode 41 ... resin 42 ... common electrode 43 ... light transmissive substrate 44 ... microcapsule 45 encapsulating blue colored dispersion medium and white particles ... microcapsule 46 encapsulating red colored dispersion medium and white particles ... yellow Microcapsule 47 enclosing colored dispersion medium and white particles ... Display unit 101 ... Display device 102 according to the first embodiment of the present invention ... Display device 103 according to the second embodiment of the present invention ... Display Device 104 According to Embodiment 1 ... Display Device According to Embodiment 2 of the Present Invention

Claims (3)

An electronically addressable contrast medium having an opaque region of black or dark color subdivided on a light-transmitting substrate, and on which the optical reflection characteristics are changed by the action of an electric field. have a display portion made of,
The electronically addressable contrast medium comprises a transparent liquid and microcapsules encapsulating two or more kinds of microspheres each having different optical properties, and the contrast medium is white or light to black or dark or black Alternatively, the display device can change optical characteristics from dark to white or light .   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display by the electronically addressable contrast medium is maintained even after the electric field is removed. Wherein the opaque region is made of a conductive material, a display device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that also serves as an address line of electronically addressable contrast media.

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