JP4942267B2

JP4942267B2 - Water stop material and water stop method

Info

Publication number: JP4942267B2
Application number: JP2001309215A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 幸治佐々木; 亨小林
Original assignee: Toyobo Co Ltd
Current assignee: Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-08-31
Filing date: 2001-08-31
Publication date: 2012-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-31
Also published as: JP2003073655A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は被止水材面が粗面あるいは段差がある目地部位に特に有効な止水材並びに止水方法に関するものである。
更に詳しくは土木止水分野、住宅分野、車輌分野、弱電分野等に有用な止水材並びに止水方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
産業界では、各種部位に各種止水材が使用されているが特に下記のような問題がある。
（１）被止水材表面が粗面である場合完全止水が困難である。
（２）漏水する場合の原因がほとんど貫通漏水でなく、被止水材面と止水材との接触面からの界面漏水であること。
（３）止水しようとする隙間が極端に狭く、又被止水材の強度が小さい場合に軟らかく薄い適当な止水材がない。
【０００３】
これらの対策としてゴム又は軟質プラスチックからなる止水材を非発泡体から発泡体へ、あるいは独立気泡体から連続気泡体に変えて柔軟性を大きくさせ、止水材面への追従性を大きくすることによって粗面への追従性、界面漏水への追従対策がとられてきたが十分に対応できなかった。
また特公昭５８−１０５０８、特開昭５７−２１５４９等に示されている繊維外層部が水吸水膨潤性のＣＯＯＸ（Ｘ：アルカリ金属又はＮＨ_４）基を有するアクリロニトリル系繊維等を用いて粗面に対応して膨潤膨張させ隙間に追従させ、隙間を密閉する止水方法もとられたが、この場合には水吸水性繊維が膨潤膨張して隙間を止水するため常に水が被止水材面に存在して金属の場合には錆が発生するなどの欠点があり、用途が大きく制限されるなどの問題があった。
【０００４】
また被止水材の強度が小さく又止水隙間が狭い場合には極端に薄い厚さのゴム又は軟質プラスチック発泡体を商業ベースで製造することが困難であるため被止水材隙間に止水材を挟み込むのではなく、ポリウレタン系あるいはチオコール系あるいはブチル系の不定形の液状シーリング剤を外装部より後塗布するいわゆる液状シーリング剤塗布施工する方式がとられてきたが、塗布工程などに特別の技能を必要とすると共に多くの工数を要し、高価につく欠点があった。
又住宅であれば建屋外装部の外装材継ぎ部に液状シーリング剤を塗布するため美観的にも望ましくないなどの問題もあった。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は前述の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、第一の目的は被止水材面が粗面であっても低圧縮荷重にて高止水する能力を有する止水材を提供するものである。
また他の目的はゴム又は軟質プラスチック止水材と被止水材との接触面で起こる界面漏水を特定の物性を有する疎水性繊維とゴム又は軟質プラッスチック止水材との一体組み合わせによって防止するものであり、具体的には疎水性繊維が被止水材の表面に追従して止水する止水材並びに止水方法を提供することである。
特に連続気泡ゴム又は軟質連続気泡プラスッチック止水材の貫通止水対策でなく界面での界面漏水問題を解決するものである。
また他の目的は被止水材間の隙間が極端に狭い部位に於いても商業ベースで使用可能な止水材並びに止水方法を提供するものである。
【０００６】
【課題が解決するための手段】
本発明者等は前述の課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果特定物性を有する疎水性繊維からなる布を用いて本目的を達成することができることを見出し本発明を完成した。本発明は繊維直径が２０μ以下、嵩密度が０．０２〜０．３ｇ／ｃｍ^３の疎水性繊維からなる布を隙間に圧縮して使用することにより、安定して止水することができる。ここで云う本発明の嵩密度は布の体積並びに重量から算出されるが、その体積を算出する為の布厚さはＪＩＳＬ１９１３Ａ法にて測定する。また本発明はゴム又は軟質プラスッチックの表面の少なくとも一面に繊維直径が２０μ以下、嵩密度が０．０２〜０．３０ｃｍ^３の疎水性繊維からなる布を一体的に配した止水材は長期止水安定性が大きく、ゴム又は軟質プラスチックの界面漏水性を改善すると共に止水隙間の大きい止水に好適である。また本発明の止水材は止水しようとする隙間に挟んで使用されるのであるが、圧縮後の疎水性繊維からなる止水材の嵩密度が少なくとも０．２ｇ／ｃｍ^３以上になるように圧縮して使用することにより本目的を達成することができる。本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材とは不織布、織布、編み物等を指す。
【０００７】
本発明について更に詳細に説明する。本発明は繊維直径が２０μ以下、嵩密度が０．０２〜０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ^３の疎水性繊維からなる止水材を止水しようとする隙間に圧縮して使用することにより安定して粗面の被止水材隙間を止水することができる。繊維直径が２０μ以上となると止水能力は急激に低下して数ｃｍ以下となり、同時に止水耐久性が劣り、長期的に実用に供せられない。また特に繊維直径が１０μ以下となると、急激に止水能力が向上して好ましい。本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材は嵩密度が０．０２〜０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ^３の範囲にある必要がある。嵩密度が０．０２ｇ／ｃｍ^３以下では止水材が毛ば立ち止水隙間に本止水材を安定して挿入する作業が困難であり、きちんと挿入されず結果として安定止水することができない。また嵩密度が０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ^３以上になると各繊維自身に自由度がなく、粗面への適応力に欠け、結果として安定して止水することができない。ここで本発明で使用する疎水性繊維としてはポリエチレン系、ポリプロピレン系、ポリブチレン系、ポリフッ化ポリエチレン等の繊維があるが好ましくはポリエチレン系あるいはポリプロピレン系あるいは両者併用の繊維が良い。またこれら繊維にポリフッ化ポリエチレン等の疎水性繊維を混ぜることも可能である。本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材は不織布、織布、編み物、何れも使用可能であるが、特に不織布が三次元方向性が無く最も好ましい。
【０００８】
本発明の不織布からなる止水材は特に繊維が１０μ以下となると繊維が毛ば立ち、ほけ易く、しかも滑り性が悪いこと、あるいは両面粘着テープを貼りつけても繊維の貼り強度がでず、また被止水材面にセットするなどの作業性面で取り扱い性が悪い。補強性、滑り性並びに取り扱い性を改良する等の目的でニードルパンチするのが好ましい。
一般に本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材を住宅等で施工する場合には外装部材に両面粘着テープを用いて本発明の不織布止水材を粘着させ最後に被止水部材にネジ等を用いて相手基材に圧縮一体化される。特に繊維直径が細くなるにつれ両面粘着テープで部材に一体化させようとしても繊維がほけて粘着力がでないが、ニードルパンチすることによりこの欠点を防ぐことができる。
又別の補強方法としては不織布に織布を内部に挿入させる方法があるが、この場合には挿入した織布が表面に出ず、常に表面には疎水性繊維が出るようにするのが良い。
これら補強用織布としてはポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維等が好ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。
また本発明はゴム又は軟質プラスチックの片面又は両面に疎水性繊維を配し一体化することにより隙間の大きい粗面への止水を可能とする。
この場合ゴム又は軟質プラスチックは非発泡体であっても発泡体であっても良いが連続気泡発泡体の場合には疎水性プラスチックである必要がある。
ゴム又はプラスチックの例としてはスチレンブタジエン系ゴム、ＥＰＤＭ系ゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、ポリビニルアルコール、酢酸ビニル等があり、非発泡体あるいは発泡体として使用される。本発明に使用できる発泡体としては通常密度が０．０２以上のものが使用される。
【０００９】
本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材は疎水性であることから止水材が吸水することがなく、従って錆びなども発生しない。被止水部材の材質に無関係に使用することができ、住宅、土木、自動車、弱電と幅広い分野に適合して止水材として使用することができる。
【００１０】
【作用】
本発明は直径が２０μ以下の繊維、嵩密度が０．０２〜０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ^３の疎水性繊維を用いて被止水材隙間を止水するものである。
本発明の繊維止水材は細かい繊維よりなりたっているためゴムやプラスッチック等と比較して変形自由度が大きく粗面に追従するため特に粗面止水並びに段差止水に優れている。
また本発明の繊維止水材は容易に自由に目付量を変えることが可能であり、特に狭い隙間止水については目付量を小さくしてゴムやプラスチック等で不可能であった薄い止水材とすることが可能であることから塗布シーリング剤分野を本発明の止水材に変えることが可能である。
本発明の繊維止水材は繊維直径が２０μ以下に限定されているがこれは下記の理由による。本発明の疎水性不織布は止水しようとする隙間に圧縮して使用するが繊維直径が小さくなるにつれ繊維と繊維が重なる部位の隙間が小さくなる。この繊維隙間が毛細管としての作用をするため、疎水性の繊維からくる逆毛細管作用が大きくなって止水するものと考えられる。即ち繊維直径が小さいほどより繊維隙間は小さくなって止水能力は大きくなる。
また本発明の疎水性繊維の嵩密度が０．３０ｇ／ｃｍ^３以上となると止水性が低下するが、これは繊維としての変形自由度が低下して粗面への対応性が失われ止水性能が低下するものと考えられる。
また別に織布を一体化させて補強する場合もあるが一体化した織布はできる限り疎水性繊維内部に埋め込み、細い疎水性繊維を表面に出し、被止水材粗面に追従対応させると共に繊維隙間を小さくして逆毛細管作用により止水性能を大きくさせるものである。
【００１１】
本発明の請求項２はゴム又は軟質プラスッチックの片面乃至両面に疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化させたものである。
この場合ゴム又は軟質プラスッチックは非発泡体であっても、発泡体であっても良いが特に剛性の大きい非発泡体の場合の方が粗面への対応の面で効果的である。この場合には粗面への追従ができない非発泡体の欠点を本疎水性繊維が、その繊維の直径の細かさからくる変形自由度の大きさを活かして粗面への対応をなすものである。
【００１２】
また発泡体の場合には独立気包体と連続気泡体とがあるが、前者は非発泡体と同一作用であるが、後者は少々異なる。
連続気泡体が止水材となる為には疎水性であることは当然であるが、疎水性の連続気泡体の止水には独立気泡体や非発泡体と異なり、単なる界面漏水ばかりでなく止水材の内部を通って漏水する貫通漏水と被止水材面を通って漏水する界面漏水との二面がある。一般的にこれらの疎水性連続気泡体の止水能力は界面止水能力が貫通止水能力よりも劣ることから、止水能力は貫通止水ではなく界面止水能力で決まる。これら疎水性連続気泡体の表面に疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化することにより疎水性連続気泡体の界面漏水の欠点を疎水性繊維により改善し貫通漏水レベルまで止水性を向上させることができる。
即ち連続気泡体と疎水性繊維とからなるこれら本発明の止水材の場合には内部止水即ち貫通止水はゴム又はプラスッチック発泡体で止水し、界面止水は疎水性繊維からなる本発明の布による止水となる。
又これら本発明のゴム又はプラスチックと疎水性繊維とからなる複合止水材に於いてはゴム又は軟質プラスッチックが長期的に弾性を有していることから反発力に劣る疎水性繊維からなる止水材の欠点を補い、長期に渡り疎水性繊維からなる布を相手被止水材にゴム又はプラスチックの反発弾性力を活かして押しつけていることから、本複合止水材は単独よりも長期耐久性に優れる。
【００１３】
本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材の実施形態例を図で説明する。
図１は粘着テープを貼り付けニードルパンチされた本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材を示し、１は疎水性繊維からなる布、２は粘着剤、３は粘着剤の保護紙即ち剥離紙である。
図２は織布を内部に挿入して補強された本発明の粘着テープ付き疎水性繊維からなる止水材の例である。
１は疎水性繊維からなる布であり、２は粘着材、３は剥離紙である。特に４の織布は内部に位置し、直接外部表面に出ていない。
図３はゴム又は軟質プラスチック発泡体の片面に疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化させ、更に両面粘着処理を行った本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材の例である。１は疎水性繊維からなる布、２は粘着剤、３は剥離紙、５は発泡体である。
図４はゴム又は軟質プラスチックの両面を両面粘着テープを用いて疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化させ、更に被止水材面に両面粘着テープと一体化させた発明の止水材の例である。
１は疎水性繊維からなる布、２は粘着剤、３は剥離紙、５は発泡体である。
【００１４】
【実施例】
【実施例１】
ポリプロピレン系不織布をメルトブロー法にて繊維直径２．３μで作成した。本ポリオレフィン系繊維からなる不織布止水材は嵩密度０．０８ｇ／ｃｍ^３、厚さ１．２ｍｍ、目付量は１００ｇ／ｍ^２であった。
本不織布止水材を２枚重ねて内径３０ｍｍ、外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し、２枚のアクリル板に止水隙間０．５ｍｍにて挟み込んだ。この場合ポリプロピレン系繊維に接触するアクリル板面は＃４０のサンドペーパーにて凸凹表面とした。次にアクリル板の中央を通してドーナツサンプルの中央部から７００ｍｍの水圧を４８時間に渡ってかけたが全く漏水することはなかった。
【実施例２】
実施例１で使用した不織布を３枚重ねてニードルパンチし、厚さ２．８５ｍｍ、嵩密度０．１０ｇ／ｃｍ^３の不織布止水材を作成した。本不織布止水材に厚さ０．０６ｍｍの両面粘着テープを貼り付けた。
本不織布止水材から内径３０ｍｍ外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し、２枚の実施例１で使用したサンドペーパー処理したアクリル板に止水隙間１ｍｍにて挟み込み、ドーナツ形状テストサンプルの中央部からアクリル板を通して８００ｍｍの水圧を４８時間に渡りかけたが全く漏水することはなかった。
【実施例３】
密度０．０５８ｇ／ｃｍ^３、厚さ１０ｍｍのダイマー酸系疎水性連続気泡ポリウレタンフォームの両面に実施例１で使用したポリプロピレン繊維不織布を厚さ０．０６ｍｍの両面テープ用いて粘着させた本発明の止水材を実施例１と同様に内径３０ｍｍ、外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し、２枚の実施例１で使用した＃４０のサンドペーパー処理したアクリル板に止水隙間５ｍｍにて挟み込んで、実施例１と同様にしてドーナツ中央部よりアクリル板を通して２５０ｍｍ水圧を４８時間かけたが全く漏水することはなかった。
【実施例４】
スパンボンド法にて作成した繊維直径が１５μ、嵩密度０．０９８ｇ／ｃｍ^３、厚さ２．３ｍｍのポリエチレン不織布を止水材にてテストを行った。
本不織布から内径３０ｍｍ、外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し、２枚の実施例１で処理したアクリル板間に止水隙間１ｍｍにて挟み込み、ドーナツテストサンプルの中央部よりアクリル板を通して３００ｍｍの水圧を４８時間に渡ってかけたが漏水することはなかった。
【比較例１】
３０μの繊維直径にて嵩密度０．１２０ｇ／ｃｍ^３、厚さ２．０ｍｍのポリプロピレン不織布をスパンボンド法にて作成した。
本不織布から実施例４と同様にして、内径３０ｍｍ、外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し２枚のアクリル板間に止水隙間１ｍｍにて挟み込みドーナツテストサンプルの中央部よりアクリル板を通して２０ｍｍの水圧をかけたところ６．４時間で漏水した。
【比較例２】
実施例３に用いた嵩密度０．０５８ｇ／ｃｍ^３、厚さ１０ｍｍのダイマー酸系疎水性連続気泡ポリウレタンフォームをそのまま内径３０ｍｍ、外径５０ｍｍのドーナツ形状の止水テストサンプルを切り出し２枚のアクリル板に止水隙間４．８ｍｍにて挟み込んでドーナツ中央部より１５０ｍｍの水圧をかけたが７時間後に漏水した。
【発明の効果】
本発明は繊維の自由度を活用して粗面、段差等の追従性を大きくして止水するものであり、被止水材の表面形態に影響されることなく、従来特殊技能者を必要とした住宅、ビル、土木分野等の現場液状シーリング剤止水作業を代替えすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】ニードルパンチした本発明の疎水性繊維からなる止水材に粘着テープを処理した本発明の止水材の側面図である。
【図２】織布を補強剤として使用した本発明の疎水性繊維からなる不織布止水材に更に両面接着テープを一体化した本発明の止水材の側面図である。
【図３】発泡体の片面に疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化させ、更に両面テープを貼り付けた本発明の複合止水材の側面図である。
【図４】発泡体の両面に疎水性繊維からなる布を一体化させ、更に両面テープを貼り付けた本発明の複合止水材の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１．疎水性繊維からなる止水材
２．粘着剤
３．剥離紙
４．織布
５．発泡体[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a water-stopping material and a water-stopping method that are particularly effective for joint portions where the surface of the water-stopping material is rough or has steps.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a water-stopping material and a water-stopping method useful in the civil engineering water-stopping field, the housing field, the vehicle field, the weak electric field, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In industry, various water-stopping materials are used in various parts, but there are the following problems.
(1) When the surface of the waterproof material is rough, it is difficult to completely stop water.
(2) The cause of water leakage is not almost through water leakage but interfacial water leakage from the contact surface between the water-resistant material surface and the water-resistant material.
(3) There is no suitable waterproof material that is soft and thin when the gap to be stopped is extremely narrow and the strength of the waterproof material is small.
[0003]
As countermeasures, water-stopping material made of rubber or soft plastic is changed from non-foamed material to foamed material, or from closed-celled material to open-celled material to increase flexibility and increase the followability to the water-stopping material surface. As a result, measures have been taken to follow the rough surface and follow the interface water leakage, but it has not been adequate.
Further, the fiber outer layer portion shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-10508, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-21549, etc. is roughened using acrylonitrile fiber having water-absorbing and swelling COOX (X: alkali metal or NH ₄ ) group. In this case, the water-absorbing fiber swells and expands to stop the gap, so that the water is always sealed. In the case of metal present on the surface of the material, there are drawbacks such as rusting, and there is a problem that the application is greatly restricted.
[0004]
In addition, when the waterproof material is low in strength and the waterproof gap is narrow, it is difficult to produce rubber or soft plastic foam of extremely thin thickness on a commercial basis. Instead of sandwiching the material, a so-called liquid sealing agent coating method has been adopted in which an irregular liquid sealing agent of polyurethane type, thiocol type or butyl type is applied after the exterior part. In addition to the skill required, many man-hours were required, and there was a drawback of being expensive.
In addition, in the case of a house, there is a problem that it is not desirable in terms of aesthetics because the liquid sealing agent is applied to the exterior material joint portion of the building exterior / exterior part.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a first object is to provide a water-stopping material having the ability to perform high water-stopping with a low compression load even if the surface of the water-proofing material is rough. To do.
Another object of the present invention is to prevent interfacial water leakage that occurs at the contact surface between the rubber or soft plastic water-stopping material and the water-proof material by integrating the hydrophobic fiber having specific physical properties with the rubber or soft plastic water-proofing material. Specifically, it is to provide a water-stopping material and a water-stopping method in which the hydrophobic fiber stops water following the surface of the water-stopping material.
In particular, it solves the problem of interfacial water leakage at the interface, rather than a measure against water penetration of open-cell rubber or soft open-cell plastic waterproof material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproofing material and a waterproofing method that can be used on a commercial basis even in a region where the gap between the waterproofing materials is extremely narrow.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that this object can be achieved by using a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers having specific physical properties, thereby completing the present invention. The present invention is fiber diameter 20μ or less, by the bulk density is used to compress the gaps fabric consisting of hydrophobicity fibers 0.02~0.3g / cm ^3, it is possible to stably stop the water. The bulk density of the present invention referred to here is calculated from the volume and weight of the cloth, and the cloth thickness for calculating the volume is measured by the JIS L 1913A method. The present invention is a rubber or fiber diameter on at least one surface of the soft as plastic, the surface is 20μ or less, the bulk density is sparse comprises an aqueous textile water stopping material arranged integrally with the 0.02～0.30Cm ³ long-term stop Water stability is high, and it is suitable for water stopping with a large water stopping gap while improving interfacial water leakage of rubber or soft plastic. Further, the water-stopping material of the present invention is used by being sandwiched between gaps to be water-stopped, so that the bulk density of the water-stopping material composed of hydrophobic fibers after compression is at least 0.2 g / cm ³ or more. This object can be achieved by compressing and using. The waterstop material comprising the hydrophobic fiber of the present invention refers to a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or the like.
[0007]
The present invention will be described in more detail. The present invention is hereinafter fiber diameter 20 [mu], stably by the bulk density is used to compress the gap to be waterproofing water stopping material made of hydrophobicity fibers 0.02~0.30g / cm ³ crude It is possible to stop the gap of the waterproof material on the surface. When the fiber diameter is 20 μm or more, the water stopping ability rapidly decreases to several cm or less, and at the same time, the water stopping durability is inferior and cannot be put into practical use for a long time. In particular, when the fiber diameter is 10 μm or less, it is preferable because the water stopping ability is rapidly improved. Water stopping material made of hydrophobicity fibers of the present invention needs to bulk density is in the range of 0.02~0.30g / cm ^3. When the bulk density is 0.02 g / cm ³ or less, it is difficult to stably insert the water-stopping material into the water-stopping gap when the water-stopping material is fluffed, and it is difficult to insert the water-stopping material properly. Can not. Further, when the bulk density is 0.30 g / cm ³ or more, each fiber itself has no degree of freedom, lacks adaptability to the rough surface, and as a result, cannot stably stop water. Here, as the hydrophobic fiber used in the present invention, there are fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, and polyfluorinated polyethylene, but polyethylene or polypropylene or a combination of both is preferable. It is also possible to mix hydrophobic fibers such as polyfluorinated polyethylene with these fibers. As the waterstop material comprising the hydrophobic fiber of the present invention, any of a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a knitted fabric can be used, but the nonwoven fabric is most preferable because it has no three-dimensional directionality.
[0008]
The water-stopping material made of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, especially when the fiber is 10 μm or less, the fiber is fluffy, easy to dissipate, and has poor sliding property, or even if a double-sided adhesive tape is applied, the fiber sticking strength does not appear, In addition, handling is poor in terms of workability such as setting on the surface of the waterproof material. It is preferable to perform needle punching for the purpose of improving the reinforcing property, sliding property and handling property.
In general, when the waterproofing material comprising the hydrophobic fiber of the present invention is applied in a house, etc., the nonwoven fabric waterproofing material of the present invention is adhered to the exterior member using a double-sided adhesive tape, and finally a screw or the like is applied to the waterproofing member. Used to compress and integrate with the mating substrate. In particular, as the fiber diameter is reduced, even if the double-sided adhesive tape is used to integrate the member with the member, the fiber is melted and does not have adhesive strength. However, this disadvantage can be prevented by needle punching.
As another reinforcing method, there is a method of inserting a woven fabric into the nonwoven fabric. In this case, it is preferable that the inserted woven fabric does not come out on the surface and hydrophobic fibers always come out on the surface. .
These reinforcing woven fabrics are preferably polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and the like, but are not limited thereto.
Further, the present invention makes it possible to stop water on a rough surface having a large gap by arranging and integrating hydrophobic fibers on one or both surfaces of rubber or soft plastic.
In this case, the rubber or soft plastic may be non-foamed or foamed, but in the case of an open-celled foam, it must be a hydrophobic plastic.
Examples of rubber or plastic include styrene butadiene rubber, EPDM rubber, chloroprene rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, etc., which are used as non-foamed or foamed materials. . As the foam that can be used in the present invention, those having a density of 0.02 or more are usually used.
[0009]
Since the water-stopping material comprising the hydrophobic fiber of the present invention is hydrophobic, the water-stopping material does not absorb water, and therefore rust does not occur. It can be used regardless of the material of the waterproof member, and can be used as a waterproof material in conformity with a wide range of fields such as houses, civil engineering, automobiles, and light electrical appliances.
[0010]
[Action]
The present invention uses a fiber having a diameter of 20 μm or less and a hydrophobic fiber having a bulk density of 0.02 to 0.30 g / cm ³ to water-stop the waterproof material gap.
Since the fiber waterproofing material of the present invention is made of fine fibers, the degree of freedom of deformation is greater than that of rubber, plastic or the like, and it follows a rough surface.
In addition, the fiber waterproofing material of the present invention can easily and freely change the weight per unit area. Especially for narrow gap water stopping, the weight per unit area can be reduced to make a thin water stopping material impossible with rubber or plastic. Therefore, the application sealing agent field can be changed to the water-stopping material of the present invention.
The fiber waterproofing material of the present invention is limited to a fiber diameter of 20 μm or less for the following reason. The hydrophobic nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used after being compressed into a gap to be water-stopped, but as the fiber diameter becomes smaller, the gap at the site where the fiber and the fiber overlap becomes smaller. Since this fiber gap acts as a capillary, it is thought that the reverse capillary action coming from the hydrophobic fibers is increased and the water stops. That is, the smaller the fiber diameter, the smaller the fiber gap and the greater the water stopping ability.
Moreover, when the bulk density of the hydrophobic fiber of the present invention is 0.30 g / cm ³ or more, the water stopping property is lowered. However, this reduces the degree of freedom of deformation as a fiber and loses the compatibility with the rough surface, thereby preventing water blocking. It is considered that the performance is lowered.
In some cases, the woven fabric may be integrated and reinforced, but the integrated woven fabric is embedded in the hydrophobic fibers as much as possible, and the thin hydrophobic fibers are put out on the surface to follow the rough surface of the waterproof material. The fiber gap is reduced and the water stop performance is increased by the reverse capillary action.
[0011]
Claim 2 of the present invention is one in which a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers is integrated on one side or both sides of rubber or soft plastic.
In this case, the rubber or soft plastic may be a non-foamed material or a foamed material, but the non-foamed material having particularly high rigidity is more effective in dealing with rough surfaces. In this case, the hydrophobic fiber has the disadvantage of non-foam that cannot follow the rough surface, and the hydrophobic fiber makes use of the degree of freedom of deformation that comes from the fineness of the diameter of the fiber to cope with the rough surface. is there.
[0012]
In the case of a foam, there are a closed air envelope and an open cell body, but the former has the same action as a non-foam, but the latter is slightly different.
Naturally, open-celled bodies are hydrophobic in order to become water-stopping materials, but hydrophobic open-celled bodies are not only water-blocked and non-foamed. There are two aspects: penetration leakage that leaks through the inside of the water blocking material and interfacial leakage that leaks through the surface of the waterproof material. Generally, the water stopping ability of these hydrophobic open cells is inferior to the penetration water stopping ability, and therefore the water stopping ability is determined not by the penetration stopping water but by the interface water stopping ability. By integrating a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers on the surface of these hydrophobic open-cell bodies, the defect of interfacial water leakage of hydrophobic open-cell bodies can be improved by hydrophobic fibers, and the water stoppage can be improved to the level of through-leakage. .
That is, in the case of these water-stopping materials of the present invention comprising open-cell bodies and hydrophobic fibers, the internal water-stopping, that is, the through-water blocking, is stopped by rubber or plastic foam, and the interfacial water-stopping is made of hydrophobic fibers. It becomes the water stop by the cloth of the invention.
Further, in the composite water-stopping material comprising the rubber or plastic of the present invention and the hydrophobic fiber, the water-stopping material comprising the hydrophobic fiber having inferior repulsive force since the rubber or the soft plastic has long-term elasticity. This composite water-stopping material is more durable than a single material because the fabric is made of hydrophobic fibers and pressed against the other water-proofing material by utilizing the resilience of rubber or plastic. Excellent.
[0013]
The embodiment example of the water stop material which consists of hydrophobic fiber of this invention is described with a figure.
FIG. 1 shows a water-stopping material made of hydrophobic fibers according to the present invention that has been subjected to needle punching with an adhesive tape, 1 is a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers, 2 is an adhesive, and 3 is a protective paper or release paper for the adhesive It is.
FIG. 2 is an example of a water-stopping material made of hydrophobic fibers with an adhesive tape of the present invention reinforced by inserting a woven fabric therein.
1 is a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers, 2 is an adhesive, and 3 is a release paper. In particular, the woven fabric 4 is located on the inside and does not come out directly on the outside surface.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a water-stopping material made of hydrophobic fibers according to the present invention in which a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers is integrated on one side of a rubber or soft plastic foam and further subjected to double-sided adhesive treatment. 1 is a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers, 2 is an adhesive, 3 is a release paper, and 5 is a foam.
FIG. 4 is an example of the water-stopping material of the invention in which a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers is integrated on both surfaces of rubber or soft plastic using a double-sided adhesive tape, and is further integrated with the double-sided adhesive tape on the surface of the waterproof material. is there.
1 is a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers, 2 is an adhesive, 3 is a release paper, and 5 is a foam.
[0014]
【Example】
[Example 1]
A polypropylene nonwoven fabric was prepared with a fiber diameter of 2.3 μm by a melt blow method. The nonwoven fabric water stop material made of the present polyolefin fiber had a bulk density of 0.08 g / cm ³ , a thickness of 1.2 mm, and a basis weight of 100 g / m ² .
Two sheets of this nonwoven fabric waterproof material were stacked and a donut-shaped water stop test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm was cut out and sandwiched between two acrylic plates with a water stop gap of 0.5 mm. In this case, the acrylic plate surface in contact with the polypropylene fiber was made to be uneven with # 40 sandpaper. Next, a water pressure of 700 mm was applied from the center of the donut sample through the center of the acrylic plate for 48 hours, but no water leaked.
[Example 2]
Three non-woven fabrics used in Example 1 were stacked and needle punched to prepare a non-woven waterproof material having a thickness of 2.85 mm and a bulk density of 0.10 g / cm ³ . A 0.06 mm-thick double-sided adhesive tape was affixed to the nonwoven fabric waterproof material.
A donut-shaped water stop test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm is cut out from the nonwoven fabric water stop material, and sandwiched between the two sandpaper-treated acrylic plates used in Example 1 with a water stop gap of 1 mm. Water pressure of 800 mm was applied for 48 hours through the acrylic plate from the center of the plate, but no water leaked.
[Example 3]
The polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric used in Example 1 was adhered to both surfaces of a dimer acid-based hydrophobic open-cell polyurethane foam having a density of 0.058 g / cm ³ and a thickness of 10 mm using a double-sided tape having a thickness of 0.06 mm. A water-stopping material was cut out in a donut-shaped water-stopping test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm in the same manner as in Example 1, and the water-stopping gap was 5 mm on two # 40 sandpaper-treated acrylic plates used in Example 1. In the same manner as in Example 1, 250 mm water pressure was applied from the center of the donut through the acrylic plate for 48 hours, but no water leakage occurred.
[Example 4]
A polyethylene nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 15 μ, a bulk density of 0.098 g / cm ³ , and a thickness of 2.3 mm prepared by a spunbond method was tested with a water-stopping material.
A doughnut-shaped water stop test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm is cut out from this nonwoven fabric and sandwiched between two acrylic plates treated in Example 1 with a water stop gap of 1 mm, and an acrylic plate is inserted from the center of the donut test sample. The water pressure of 300 mm was applied for 48 hours, but no water leaked.
[Comparative Example 1]
A polypropylene nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 30 μ, a bulk density of 0.120 g / cm ³ , and a thickness of 2.0 mm was prepared by a spunbond method.
In the same manner as in Example 4, a donut-shaped water stop test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm was cut out from this nonwoven fabric and sandwiched between two acrylic plates with a water stop gap of 1 mm, and an acrylic plate was inserted from the center of the donut test sample. When water pressure of 20 mm was applied, water leaked in 6.4 hours.
[Comparative Example 2]
A dimer acid-based hydrophobic open-cell polyurethane foam having a bulk density of 0.058 g / cm ³ and a thickness of 10 mm used in Example 3 was directly cut out into a doughnut-shaped water-stopping test sample having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 50 mm, and two acrylic sheets The plate was sandwiched with a water stop gap of 4.8 mm, and a water pressure of 150 mm was applied from the center of the donut, but water leaked after 7 hours.
【Effect of the invention】
The present invention utilizes the degree of freedom of the fiber to increase the followability of rough surfaces, steps, etc., and stops water, requiring a special technician in the past without being affected by the surface form of the waterproof material. It can replace the on-site liquid sealant water stop work in the residential, building, and civil engineering fields.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a water-stopping material of the present invention obtained by treating a water-stopping material made of a hydrophobic fiber of the present invention that has been needle punched with an adhesive tape.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the waterproofing material of the present invention in which a double-sided adhesive tape is further integrated with a nonwoven fabric waterproofing material of the present invention using a woven fabric as a reinforcing agent.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a composite waterstop material of the present invention in which a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers is integrated on one side of a foam and a double-sided tape is further attached.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a composite waterstop material of the present invention in which a cloth made of hydrophobic fibers is integrated on both sides of a foam and a double-sided tape is further attached.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. 1. Water-stop material made of hydrophobic fibers 2. Adhesive Release paper4. 4. Woven cloth Foam

Claims

Fiber diameter 20μ or less, the water stopping material bulk density is from hydrophobicity fibers 0.02~0.30g / cm ^3.

On at least one surface of the non-foam or foam rubber or soft plastic, fiber diameter 20μ or less, the water stopping material bulk density is by arranging a nonwoven fabric made of hydrophobicity fibers 0.02~0.30g / cm ³ .

Water stopping material according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1 or 2 hydrophobic fibers ing from the combination of polyethylene, polypropylene or both.

Water stopping material according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1 to 3 fiber diameter Ru der less 10 [mu].

Fiber diameter 20μ or less, when the bulk density is water stop the gap using a water stopping material made of hydrophobicity fibers 0.02~0.30g / cm ^3, the hydrophobic water in a compressed state sandwiched gap A water-stopping method that is used after being compressed so that the density of the water-proof water-proof material is at least 0.2 g / cm ³ or more.