JP4945149B2 - Water treatment system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water treatment system that performs water purification using ultraviolet irradiation.

  Conventionally, water treatment systems represented by water supply have been operated on the basis of chlorination treatment from the viewpoint of hygienic safety. However, in recent years, water pollution accidents have occurred due to emerging or reviving pathogenic microorganisms such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia.

  In addition, large amounts of algae are generated in lakes, dams, and rivers, which are the sources of tap water, due to eutrophication and the progress of organic pollution, and accompanying this, off-flavors, coloring disturbances, aggregation, precipitation inhibition, filtration Obstacles such as clogging and leakage of filtered water have occurred.

  Further, there is a problem that a chlorine agent injected for sterilization reacts with organic substances in raw water to generate harmful by-products (such as trihalomethane).

  However, with respect to many problems as described above, a water treatment system having only a basic purification treatment process including conventional agglomeration, precipitation, filtration, and chlorination is in a situation where it cannot be sufficiently dealt with.

  In view of this situation, attention has been paid to a sterilization technique using ultraviolet irradiation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as ultraviolet disinfection) as an alternative sterilization technique for chlorination. Ultraviolet disinfection technology does not require complicated chemical injection management and has the advantage that no harmful by-products are generated.

  For this reason, in a water purification plant etc., the ultraviolet irradiation process may be utilized for the purpose of oxidation of bacteria and residual organic matter. However, in consideration of the transmission efficiency of ultraviolet rays, the treatment of irradiating ultraviolet rays to the filtered water or the agglomerated / precipitated water is usually performed.

  On the other hand, in the case of aiming at improvement of aggregation or loss of infectivity of pathogenic protozoa such as Cryptosporidium, treatment of irradiating the raw water with ultraviolet rays is performed. This is a process of irradiating ultraviolet rays instead of chlorination.

  As described above, ultraviolet rays, unlike chlorine, do not produce by-products such as trihalomethane, and have a characteristic that they are highly effective in damaging the growth ability of cryptosporidium and eliminating infectivity. Therefore, the ultraviolet irradiation treatment can be utilized by making effective use of the merits of the ultraviolet rays.

  Furthermore, in the water purification treatment, it is important not to propagate the algae contained in the raw water, but in the case of the ultraviolet irradiation treatment, the effect of effectively preventing the growth of algae has been confirmed.

  Thus, in recent years, several techniques for performing water purification using ultraviolet irradiation have been proposed.

  Since the water purification technology using ultraviolet irradiation is aimed at disinfecting pathogenic microorganisms and protozoa, a lamp that emits ultraviolet rays in the 200 nm to 300 nm wavelength region called UV-C band, which is effective for disinfection, that is, a low pressure sealed with mercury vapor. A medium-pressure mercury lamp is used.

  In addition, as an ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating the fluid to be treated with ultraviolet rays, a cylindrical container having a function of circulating the fluid to be treated and one or a plurality of ultraviolet lamps arranged in parallel to the container axis in the cylindrical container The thing of the structure which was made is known (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

  However, in order to inactivate pathogenic protozoa, pathogens, bacteria, viruses, etc. that are subject to disinfection, the amount of UV irradiation required for each microbial species differs, and the fluid to be treated enters the UV irradiation device. It is necessary to be irradiated with ultraviolet rays evenly within a short time before leaving. On the other hand, the irradiation efficiency of ultraviolet rays varies depending on the turbidity and chromaticity of the fluid to be treated. In the case of ultraviolet irradiation treatment, it is particularly difficult to control the quality of raw water, so that there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain appropriate ultraviolet irradiation efficiency. That is, the ultraviolet intensity (illuminance) decreases in inverse proportion to the square of the distance from the ultraviolet lamp. As a result, in order for ultraviolet irradiation to act effectively, it is necessary for the fluid to be processed to pass through the vicinity of the ultraviolet lamp.

  As a technical means for solving this point, there is a device in which the arrangement of the treated fluid inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the container is devised so that the treated fluid swirls in the container and flows through the vicinity of the ultraviolet lamp. Yes (for example, see Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2).

  As another ultraviolet irradiation technology, the raw water is appropriately irradiated with ultraviolet rays by detecting the turbidity of the raw water and controlling the flow rate of the raw water flowing into the water pipe containing the ultraviolet lamp according to the detected turbidity. There has been proposed a technique that can be received (see, for example, Patent Document 3). In this document, it is proposed to use ultraviolet irradiation at the time of disappearance treatment of underwater plankton, such as a reservoir.

  In addition, a technique has been proposed in which a particle meter is installed in place of the turbidimeter, and the amount of ultraviolet irradiation is controlled using the output of this particle meter (Non-patent Document 2). Furthermore, an ultraviolet irradiation system has been proposed in which a turbidimeter and a particle meter are used in combination, and an ultraviolet irradiation amount of an ultraviolet lamp is controlled using an output obtained from these instruments (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  In some cases, a protective tube containing the ultraviolet lamp is provided for the purpose of protecting the ultraviolet lamp disposed in the container. As a material for the protective tube, crystal quartz or synthetic quartz glass is used because it is necessary to efficiently transmit ultraviolet rays. As a result, if an excessive force or sudden impact is applied to the protective tube or the ultraviolet lamp, there is a risk that it will be easily damaged. In particular, when the ultraviolet lamp is broken, there is a problem that mercury enclosed in the lamp enters the processing fluid and quartz glass fragments constituting a protective tube or the like are mixed into the processing fluid.

Conventionally, as means for solving such an inconvenient problem, a sensor for detecting breakage of the ultraviolet lamp and a bypass pipe for bypassing instead of the ultraviolet irradiation device are provided, and ultraviolet irradiation of the fluid to be treated is performed when the lamp is broken by the sensor. An ultraviolet irradiation system has been proposed in which the treatment water contaminated with mercury is prevented from flowing into other water purification processes by shutting off the inflow to the apparatus and the discharge of the treated water flow and flowing it to the bypass pipe by opening the valve ( For example, see Patent Document 5).
Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-31820 Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-347069 JP 05-169059 A JP 2004-188273 A JP 2004-188274 A “ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION GUIDANCE MANUAL”, United States Environmental Protection Agency, June 2003, Draft. Shigeo Kimura et al. “Survey on Basic Performance Evaluation of Fine Particle Measuring Instruments”, Journal of Water Supply Association, Vol. 71, No. 10, pp. 31-51, published in October 2002

  However, the following problems have been pointed out in the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus and the ultraviolet irradiation treatment method described in the above-mentioned patent documents.

  In general, the quality of raw water varies greatly depending on changes in the water source and weather. That is, the concentration of raw water, the number of fine particles, and the concentration of organic substances are greatly changed due to a large amount of algae, rainfall, and the like, and the increase in these values decreases the ultraviolet transmittance. When the transmittance of ultraviolet rays decreases, the effect of ultraviolet irradiation decreases, and accordingly, the effect of sterilizing (disinfecting) pathogenic bacteria and the like decreases. Therefore, in order to prevent a decrease in sterilization treatment, it is conceivable to adjust the ultraviolet irradiation amount based on the measurement results such as the turbidity of raw water and the number of fine particles.

  However, it is difficult to adjust the amount of ultraviolet irradiation output from the ultraviolet lamp, and in some cases, there is a possibility that the ultraviolet rays to be sterilized or the irradiation efficiency may be lowered. In particular, an ultraviolet irradiation device for small scales has only a small initial cost for an output adjustment system for ultraviolet rays, and the effect of reducing power consumption is small. As a result, it is often operated with the maximum output capable of sufficiently disinfecting the pathogenic microorganism without providing an output adjustment function.

  In addition, if the UV transmittance is greatly reduced and sufficient disinfection performance cannot be obtained even when operating at the maximum output, or if the protective tube is broken, the water treatment system must be stopped and water supply cannot be performed. There is a problem that a state occurs and the abnormal state cannot be accurately grasped.

  Furthermore, when the light is turned off due to an abnormality of a part of the ultraviolet lamp, there is a problem that the fluid flowing in the vicinity of the turned off lamp is not sufficiently irradiated with the ultraviolet light and flows out to the downstream water purification process as it is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a water treatment system that ensures disinfection performance by uniform ultraviolet irradiation and reduces the influence of abnormality on ultraviolet lamps and protective tubes as much as possible. With the goal.

(1) In order to solve the above-described problem, a water treatment system according to the present invention includes a plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube in a cylindrical container in parallel with a container axis, and an upper portion in the container. The ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp to the water to be treated while turning downward from the lower direction, and the plurality of ultraviolet lamps so as to correspond to each of a predetermined number of ultraviolet lamp pairs. An ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container, and an illuminance measuring means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter, a predetermined flow rate of the treated water flowing into the container, and each measured illuminance measured by the illuminance measuring means Monitoring the output dose of each or pair of UV lamps, adjusting the output dose of each or pair of UV lamps, and adjusting the output dose of each or pair of UV lamps. Despite the adjustment, when the ultraviolet irradiation dose does not reach the irradiation threshold sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be sterilized, the water purification treatment that adjusts the output irradiation amount of the adjacent individual or pair of ultraviolet lamps And a monitoring control device.

(2) Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, the water treatment system which concerns on this invention is a flow volume measurement means which measures the flow volume of the to- be-processed water which flows through the inside of an input line, and is parallel to a container axis | shaft in a cylindrical container. A plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube, and an ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamps to the water to be treated that swivels while rotating from the upper part to the lower part in the container; Among the ultraviolet lamps, an ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container so as to correspond to a predetermined number of ultraviolet lamp pairs, and the illuminance measuring means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter, and the flow rate measurement The UV lamp output irradiation amount is monitored individually or in pairs from the flow rate measured by the means and the measured illuminances measured by the illuminance measuring means, and the UV lamp output irradiation amount individually or in pairs. If the UV irradiation dose does not reach a dose threshold sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be disinfected even though the output dose of the UV lamp is adjusted individually or in pairs, It is the structure provided with the water purification process monitoring control apparatus which adjusts the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamp which carries out individually or every pair. The configuration of the above (1), when the treatment water is a predetermined flow rate, can be determined the amount of ultraviolet irradiation from the relationship between the measured illuminance in the flow rate and the illuminance measuring means, the flow rate of the water to be treated Is provided, a flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate flowing into the container is provided, and the ultraviolet ray irradiation amount is calculated from the flow rate measured by the flow rate measuring means and the illuminance measured by the illuminance measurement means by a predetermined arithmetic expression. It may be configured to.

(3) Furthermore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the water treatment system according to the present invention includes a plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube in parallel with the container axis in a cylindrical container, An ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamps to the water to be treated while turning downward from the upper part to the lower part, and a predetermined number of pairs of ultraviolet lamps among the plurality of ultraviolet lamps. An ultraviolet illuminance meter was attached to the wall position of the container, and an illuminance measurement means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter, a maximum flow rate determined from the design capability of the ultraviolet irradiation device, and the illuminance measurement means The UV irradiation output of each or each pair of UV lamps is monitored from each measured illuminance, and the UV irradiation output of each or each pair of UV lamps is adjusted. If the UV irradiation dose does not reach the dose threshold sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be disinfected even though the output dose of the amplifier has been adjusted, the output irradiation of the adjacent individual or pair of UV lamps It is the structure provided with the water purification process monitoring control apparatus which adjusts quantity.

  Further, as the illuminance measuring means, an ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container so as to correspond to each predetermined number of pairs of ultraviolet lamps among the plurality of ultraviolet lamps, and the measurement is performed by each ultraviolet illuminance meter. The irradiance is transmitted to the water purification treatment monitoring and control device, and the water purification treatment monitoring and control device monitors the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamp individually or in pairs from the measured illuminance transmitted from the illuminance measurement means, Or it is set as the structure which adjusts the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamp for every pair.

  At this time, although the water purification treatment monitoring and control apparatus adjusts the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps individually or in pairs, the irradiation amount threshold is sufficient for the inactivation of the sterilization target microorganisms. If not, it is possible to increase the ultraviolet irradiation amount by adjusting the output irradiation amount of each adjacent or pair of ultraviolet lamps.

(4) Note that, despite adjusting the output radiation of the ultraviolet lamps to above, if not reach the predetermined amount of ultraviolet irradiation, by issuing an alarm at least, be notified of the abnormality monitoring person it can.

According to the present invention, even if the output dose of the ultraviolet lamps individually or in pairs is adjusted but the predetermined threshold value is not reached, the output dose of the adjacent ultraviolet lamp is adjusted, and uniform UV irradiation is performed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a water treatment system that ensures disinfection performance.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a water treatment system according to the present invention.

  The water treatment system includes an ultraviolet irradiation device 1 that irradiates the water to be treated with ultraviolet rays, a flow meter 2 and an inlet three-way valve 3 installed in the treated water input line of the ultraviolet irradiation device 1, and the treatment of the ultraviolet irradiation device 1. An outlet three-way valve 4 installed in the water output line, a bypass pipe 5 connected between the inlet three-way valve 3 and the outlet three-way valve 4, an ultraviolet illuminance meter 6, a protective tube crack detector 7, and a water purification treatment The monitoring control device 8 and the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 are configured.

  The ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 1 is an apparatus having a mechanism for generating treated water purified by irradiating ultraviolet rays to the water to be treated which flows from the treated water input line, and specifically, the ultraviolet rays are irradiated. A cylindrical irradiation part 10-1 corresponding to the body part, and a cylinder formed in a state of being bulged and connected to the upper end part of the irradiation part 10-1, the upper end opening part being closed with a metal material cover Shaped inflow part 10-2 and irradiation container 10 consisting of an inverted conical separation part 10-3 connected to the lower end of the irradiation part 10-1, and a target to be connected to the fluid outlet side of the treated water input line Attached to the treated water inlet pipe 11, the treated water outlet pipe 12 that penetrates the cover from the upper part of the inflow part 10-2 and is inserted into the central axis line inside the irradiation container 10, and the lower end part of the separating part 10-2 The pollutant trap container 13 and the trap And contaminant collection pipe 14 attached is provided in the container 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, as the irradiation unit 10-1, a plurality of ultraviolet lamps 15 (15-1 to 15-6) are arranged in parallel with the container axis and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A protective tube 16 for housing and protecting the ultraviolet lamp 15 is provided on the outer periphery of the ultraviolet lamp 15.

  The treated water inlet pipe 11 is attached to one side wall surface of the inflow portion 10-2, and more specifically, is attached toward the tangential direction with respect to the cylindrical container cross section of the inflow portion 10-2 constituting the irradiation container 10. The water to be treated that flows into the upper part of the irradiation container 10 creates a state in which an initial swirl is generated.

  As described above, the treated water outlet pipe 12 is inserted into the irradiation container 10 from the upper part of the irradiation container 10 along the central axis of the irradiation container, and the lower end portion thereof is equal to or slightly more than the lower end portion of the ultraviolet lamp 15. Set to the upper position.

  The ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 may be attached at any position where ultraviolet rays emitted from the ultraviolet lamp 15 reach, but the wall of the irradiation unit 10-1 corresponding to the vicinity of the center in the vertical direction of the ultraviolet lamp 15. It is preferable to attach to. Further, although one ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 may be used, it is preferable to install a plurality of ultraviolet illuminance meters because it is necessary to monitor the amount of ultraviolet irradiation irradiated from all the ultraviolet lamps 15 (15-1 to 15-6).

  Incidentally, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, when mainly monitoring the amount of ultraviolet irradiation irradiated from the two ultraviolet lamps 15, for example, for six ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6. It is desirable to attach three ultraviolet illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3 at equal intervals to the circumferential wall surface of the irradiation unit 10-1 corresponding to the substantially central position of the two ultraviolet lamps 15 that form adjacent pairs. . That is, the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-1 monitors the ultraviolet irradiation amount irradiated from the paired ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2, and transmits it to the water purification treatment monitoring control device 8. Similarly, the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-2 has a pair of ultraviolet lamps 15-3 and 15-4, and the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-3 has a ultraviolet irradiation amount irradiated from the paired ultraviolet lamps 15-5 and 15-6. Each is monitored and transmitted to the water purification treatment monitoring control device 8.

  The protection tube crack detector 7 may be of any detection type as long as it can detect breakage of each protection tube 16. When each protection tube 16 is damaged, the water to be treated enters into each protection tube 16. For example, a resistance electrode sensor that detects a potential change due to an electrode, a temperature detection sensor that detects a temperature change, and a pressure change. Detection is performed by either a pressure detection sensor for detection or a strain detection sensor for detecting a strain change.

  The protective tube crack detector 7 is individually attached to each protective tube 16 when the upper and lower ends of each protective tube 16 are closed in a liquid-tight state. For example, as shown in FIG. When the upper ends of the respective protective tubes 16 projecting from the upper end of the skirt 17 having a concave cross section disposed at the lower portion of the cover are supported in a protruding state, one protective tube crack detector is provided at an appropriate position in the skirt 17. 7 may be fixed, and the protection tube crack may be detected.

  The lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 has a function of increasing / decreasing the output irradiation amount of the corresponding ultraviolet lamp 15 based on an output increase / decrease signal accompanied by an individual lamp instruction output from the water purification treatment monitoring control device 8. It has a function of detecting the energization current of the lamps 15-1 to 15-6 and sending it to the purified water treatment monitoring control device 8.

  There are several embodiments of the water purification treatment monitoring control device 8 as described below.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram relating to the first embodiment of the water purification process monitoring control device 8.

  That is, the water purification process monitoring and control device 8 performs predetermined processing with an input means 81 such as a keyboard and a mouse for inputting and setting an irradiation threshold value, lamp output increase / decrease width, illuminance-irradiation table data and other necessary data. A program memory 82 for storing program data to be executed, a monitoring control processing unit 83 composed of a CPU for executing predetermined processing in accordance with this program, and a signal for capturing the detected illuminance of each of the ultraviolet illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3 An input interface 84 having a conversion function, a display unit 85, and a data storage device 86 are provided.

  The monitoring control processing unit 83 functionally includes an ultraviolet irradiation amount determining means 8A for determining the ultraviolet irradiation amount from the illuminance measured by the ultraviolet illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3, and the determined ultraviolet irradiation amount. And an output threshold of the corresponding ultraviolet lamp, for example, 15-1 and 15-2, and an output dose of the corresponding ultraviolet lamp, for example, 15-1 and 15-2. Nevertheless, the lamp output adjusting means 8C for increasing the output dose of the other adjacent ultraviolet lamps 15-3, 15-4,... When the UV dose does not reach the dose threshold. Is provided.

  The data storage device 86 includes a data setting storage unit 86a for storing dose threshold value, lamp output increase / decrease width and other necessary setting data, a lamp output storage unit 86b for storing each lamp output data, and will be described later. However, as shown in FIG. 4, an illuminance-irradiation amount table 86c for defining the relationship between the ultraviolet illuminance and the ultraviolet irradiation amount for each predetermined flow rate and another data storage unit 86d for storing other data are provided.

Next, the operation of the water treatment system configured as described above will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the water to be treated is attached toward the tangential direction with respect to the cylindrical container cross section of the inflow portion 10-2 constituting the ultraviolet irradiation device 1 through the inlet three-way valve 3 installed in the input line. Enters the treated water inlet pipe 11, enters the inflow portion 10-2 of the irradiation container 10 from the treated water inlet pipe 11, and sequentially turns from the upper part of the container toward the lower part of the container while turning clockwise around the container axis. Move.

  More specifically, the water to be treated rotates in a clockwise direction while passing through the vicinity of the outer periphery of the protective tube 16 that accommodates, for example, six ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6 arranged in the circumferential direction. However, it flows while descending downward.

  Here, while the water to be treated flows through the vicinity of the ultraviolet lamps 15 (15-1 to 15-6), the ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the ultraviolet lamps 15, and the water to be treated is shown in FIG. The chromaticity changes as shown. (A) shown in FIG. 6 represents a state in which the chromaticity changes with the amount of ultraviolet irradiation. That is, the water to be treated changes to blue-red-green-yellow as the amount of ultraviolet irradiation is received, and the sterilization target microorganisms contained in the water to be treated are inactivated and moved to the separation unit 10-3. In the separation unit 10-3, after being deactivated, the sludge substance and the treated water are separated, and the sludge substance falls into the sludge substance and the wrap container 13 while sinking, while the treated water is discharged from the treated water outlet. While flowing in from the lower end of the pipe 12 and rising, it flows out to the other water purification process (not shown) through the outlet three-way valve 4 of the output line.

By the way, in order to inactivate the microorganisms to be sterilized, it is necessary that the ultraviolet ray irradiation dose Dose represented by the following formula is equal to or larger than the irradiation amount unique to the microorganisms to be sterilized. For example, in order to inactivate Cryptosporidium, it must be irradiated with an ultraviolet irradiation dose of 10 mJ (J is Joule) / cm ² or more.

UV irradiation dose Dose = I × t (mJ / cm ² ) (1)
In the above formula, I: ultraviolet illuminance (mW / cm ² ), t: irradiation time (s), for example, t = 1 second to 3 seconds.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the water to be treated is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from all the ultraviolet lamps 15 in the process of flowing through the vicinity of all the ultraviolet lamps 15 while turning in the irradiation container 10. The microorganisms to be disinfected can be inactivated with high irradiation efficiency.

The water purification treatment monitoring and control device 8 takes in the measured flow rate of the treated water flow meter 2 and the measured illuminance of each ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 and calculates the ultraviolet irradiation dose Dose ^unit by calculating based on the following equation. Can do.
UV dose Dose ^unit = I x t x f (Flow) (mJ / cm ² ) (2)
In this equation, I: ultraviolet illuminance (mW / cm ² ), t: irradiation time (s), f (Flow): swirl flow efficiency.

The swirling flow efficiency f (Flow) varies depending on the flow rate flow (m ³ / min) of the water to be treated. Except for the flow rate of water to be treated, the function unique to the ultraviolet irradiation device 1 is analyzed and experimented. Can be determined.

Therefore, the ultraviolet irradiation amount Dose ^unit can be determined by the flow rate of the water to be treated and the measurement illuminance of the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6. Usually, the flow rate flowing through the input line depends on the flow velocity, the input line tube diameter, the processing capability of the ultraviolet irradiation device 1, and the like, and can be set to a substantially constant flow rate in advance.

  Therefore, a relationship as shown in FIG. 8 is established between the ultraviolet illuminance and the ultraviolet irradiation amount for each predetermined flow rate, based on the accumulation of experiments. Therefore, based on the relationship shown in FIG. 8, the illuminance-ultraviolet irradiation amount table 86c is created in the data storage device 86 as shown in FIGS.

  Therefore, the cleaning process monitoring control device 8 executes a series of processes as shown in FIG. 9 according to the program stored in the program memory 82 and using the illuminance-ultraviolet irradiation amount table 86c.

  That is, the monitoring process control unit 83 constituting the cleaning process monitoring control device 8 executes the ultraviolet ray irradiation amount determining means 8A. As shown in step S1, the ultraviolet irradiation amount determining means 8A sets Y = 1 (corresponding to the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-1) and Z-1 (lamp 15-1 or a pair) to a counter (not shown) every predetermined period. (Corresponding to the lamps 15-1 and 15-2) is set (S2a, S2b), the illuminance measured by the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-1 is taken in (S3), and based on a predetermined flow rate, The ultraviolet irradiation amount is determined from the illuminance-ultraviolet irradiation amount table 86c shown in FIG. 4 (S4). The illuminance measured by all the ultraviolet illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3 may be taken in at the same time.

  In addition, when the ultraviolet light transmittance of the water to be treated changes, the measured illuminance of each of the ultraviolet light illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3 changes. Can be reflected. Similarly, the UV output irradiation amount decreases due to a decrease in the UV output irradiation amount due to lamp deterioration or lamp failure, or due to dirt or scratches on the surface of the protective tube 16. Therefore, since the measurement illuminance decreases as the output irradiation amount decreases, it can be similarly reflected in the ultraviolet irradiation amount.

  Therefore, the monitoring process control unit 83 continues to execute the lamp output decrease determination unit 8B. The lamp output decrease determining means 8B compares the ultraviolet ray irradiation amount determined in step S4 with the irradiation amount threshold value set in the data setting storage unit 86a, and determines whether the ultraviolet ray irradiation amount is larger than the irradiation amount threshold value. Is determined (S5). Note that the irradiation threshold value corresponds to a value sufficient to make the microorganisms to be disinfected non-generated.

  Here, when the determined ultraviolet irradiation amount is larger than the irradiation threshold value, it has the ability to sufficiently eliminate the microorganisms to be sterilized. It is determined whether the measured illuminance of 6-3 is compared with the dose threshold (S6). If not yet determined, +1 is incremented to Y = 1 (S7). Repeat the process. When the ultraviolet irradiation amount determined based on the measurement illuminances of all the ultraviolet illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3 is larger than the irradiation amount threshold value (S8), the process proceeds to step S1, Continue processing.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step S5 that the determined ultraviolet ray irradiation amount is smaller than the irradiation amount threshold value, the monitoring process control unit 83 executes the lamp output adjusting unit 8C.

  When the lamp output adjusting means 8C determines that the output doses of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 are reduced from the measured illuminance measured by the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-1, the predetermined setting set in the data setting storage unit 86a. Based on the output increase / decrease width, an output increase command signal for the corresponding lamp is sent to the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 (S11). A value based on the output increase / decrease width for each ultraviolet lamp is stored in advance in the lamp output value storage unit 86b. Here, when the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 receives the output increase command signal of the corresponding lamp, the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 performs adjustment to increase the output irradiation amount of the corresponding ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 by the output amplification.

  After outputting the lamp output increase command signal, the lamp output adjusting means 8C determines whether the output irradiation amount of the corresponding ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 has reached the output upper limit value (S12), and still determines the predetermined output upper limit. If it has not reached the value, the process returns to step S3, the illuminance after the increase in lamp output of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 is taken in, and the same processing is repeated.

  Further, when the lamp adjustment output of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 reaches the output upper limit value, the output of other adjacent ultraviolet lamps 15-3 and 15-4, for example, increases (S13) and all lamp adjustments are not completed. (S14), the counter is incremented by +1 to Z = 1 (S15), and based on a predetermined output amplification for the adjacent ultraviolet lamps 15-3, 15-4, for example, the corresponding lamps 15-3, 15-4 An output increase command signal is sent to the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 (S11), and the same processing is repeatedly executed.

As described above, the output irradiation amount of the adjacent lamp is increased. If the UV dose Dose ^unit still does not provide a dose sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be sterilized, the lamp output doses of all the UV lamps 15-1 to 15-6 are increased. If it still does not reach a sufficient dose, an alarm is output (S16).

  In step S13, if the output of other lamps is not increased, it is determined whether or not an alarm is to be output (S17). If an alarm is to be output, an alarm is output (S16) and it is determined whether or not to continue the process. (S18). If it is determined not to output an alarm, the process proceeds to step S7, and the above-described series of processing is executed for the ultraviolet illuminance meter next to processing, for example, 6-2.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment as described above, the water to be treated is disposed in the clockwise direction around the outer periphery of the protective tube 16 that accommodates, for example, six ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6 arranged in the circumferential direction. In addition, while circulating spirally from the upper part of the container to the lower part, it is allowed to circulate without waste, and during that time, ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6, so that the water to be treated can be efficiently irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

  Moreover, when output irradiation amount falls by deterioration of some ultraviolet lamps, for example, 15-1, the measurement illumination intensity of a corresponding ultraviolet illuminance meter 6-1 falls, and ultraviolet irradiation amount falls. Accordingly, when the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamp 15-1 decreases, not only the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 and 15-2 is gradually increased, but also the predetermined irradiation threshold is reached even when the maximum irradiation output is output. When the value does not reach the value, the output irradiation amount of other adjacent ultraviolet lamps 15-3, 15-4, etc. is increased, so that a sufficient ultraviolet irradiation amount for inactivating the sterilization target microorganism can be secured. When some of the ultraviolet lamps, for example, 15-1 are broken or broken, the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9 detects from the energized current and transmits it to the water purification process monitoring and control device 8 to take necessary measures.

  Furthermore, if the output of some UV lamps, for example 15-1 or all UV lamps 15-1 to 15-6, does not reach a sufficient UV irradiation level to inactivate microorganisms to be disinfected, an alarm is issued. Because it outputs, it is possible to take necessary processing including replacement of the ultraviolet lamp whose output irradiation amount has decreased.

  Furthermore, the UV irradiation amount is determined from the measured illuminance of the UV illuminance meters 6-1 to 6-3, and when the irradiation amount is smaller than the irradiation amount threshold, the output irradiation amount can be adjusted individually or in pairs for the corresponding ultraviolet lamp It is possible to optimize the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps individually or in pairs.

  Furthermore, when one ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 is attached to the wall of the irradiation unit 10-1 of the irradiation container 10, a region that becomes a shadow of the treated water outlet pipe 12 is generated, and is opposite to the installation location of the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6. Even if the output dose of the UV lamp decreases for some reason, it cannot be detected. However, if the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 is arranged in the center of two adjacent ultraviolet lamps for a plurality of ultraviolet lamps, abnormalities of all the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6 can be detected and the output irradiation amount Can be controlled in an optimum state. In addition, although it is possible to provide the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 for each of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6, it is difficult to detect the decrease in the ultraviolet transmittance due to the high cost and the water quality deterioration, and the microorganisms to be treated are surely inactivated. Although there is a fear that it is impossible, such an inconvenient problem can be solved by providing the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 for each pair of ultraviolet lamps as in the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 2)
As the water purification treatment monitoring control device 8, the illuminance-ultraviolet irradiation amount table 86c is used to determine the ultraviolet irradiation amount. For example, instead of the illuminance-ultraviolet irradiation amount table 86c, a data storage device 86 as shown in FIG. (2) is set in the data setting storage unit 86a, and the monitoring control processing unit 83 is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation amount calculating means 8D instead of the ultraviolet irradiation amount determining means 8A. There may be.

  The ultraviolet irradiation amount calculation means 8D of the water purification process monitoring control device 8 takes in the measured flow rate of the flow meter 2 and the measured illuminance of the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 in step S3 shown in FIG. 9, and then sets the data setting storage unit 86a. Based on the calculated equation, the UV irradiation amount is calculated in step 4. Since other configurations and processing procedures are the same as those in FIGS. 3 and 9, the description thereof is omitted here.

  Also in this embodiment, the same effect as the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3)
(Protection tube detection)
As the water purification treatment monitoring and control device 8 described above, whether or not the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6 is decreased is mainly determined, and the process of increasing the output irradiation amount of the corresponding ultraviolet lamp is performed. If the output dose of some of the UV lamps or all of the UV lamps does not exceed a predetermined dose threshold even if the output dose is increased, the following process can be performed.

  The water purification treatment monitoring and control device 8 determines the predetermined condition, that is, if the output irradiation amount of a part of the ultraviolet lamps or all of the ultraviolet lamps does not exceed the predetermined irradiation amount threshold even when the output irradiation amount is increased, or step S1 shown in FIG. Prior to determining the decrease in lamp output during step S2, for example, the output of the protection tube crack detector 7 is preferentially taken in via the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9, and the presence or absence of the protection tube crack is determined. When the protection tube crack detection signal is received, it is determined that there is a protection tube crack. Here, when it is determined that there is a break in the protective tube, the inlet three-way valve 3 and the outlet three-way valve 4 are automatically switched, and the fluid to be treated flows into the bypass pipe 5 arranged in parallel as a bypass of the ultraviolet irradiation device 1. When the alarm for prompting the apparatus administrator to inspect the protective tube 16 is issued and a message indicating that the protective tube is broken is displayed on the display unit 85, the protective tube 16 can be inspected or replaced promptly.

(Lamp damage or malfunction)
The water purification process monitoring and control device 8 detects the energization currents of the ultraviolet lamps 15-1 to 15-6 through the lamp output adjustment power supply unit 9. Therefore, since it can be determined that at least a part of the ultraviolet lamps is broken or malfunctioned when the energization current is interrupted, the output irradiation amount of the adjacent ultraviolet lamps is increased as described above, or the process of increasing the output irradiation amount is not performed. When the warning for prompting the replacement of the ultraviolet lamp corresponding to is issued and the replacement message of the damaged or failed ultraviolet lamp is displayed on the display unit 85, the corresponding ultraviolet lamp can be replaced quickly. When exchanging the ultraviolet lamp, if the upper lid of the irradiation container 10 is opened and the upper part of the ultraviolet lamp is grasped and pulled out from the skirt 17, it can be easily taken out and replaced with a new ultraviolet lamp.

  Therefore, according to such an embodiment, when each ultraviolet lamp 15 or the protection tube 16 is broken due to a sudden impact, the quartz glass piece or each ultraviolet lamp 15 constituting each ultraviolet lamp 15 or each protection tube 16. Mercury contained inside leaks. In such a case, the contaminants such as quartz glass pieces and mercury are surely lowered to the contaminant trap container 13 by the centrifugal separation action and the gravity action by the spiral circulation of the water to be treated. There is no spillage in water.

  Further, when each ultraviolet lamp 15 or each protection tube 16 is broken due to a sudden impact, the protection tube crack detector 7 detects the protection tube crack, and automatically switches the inlet three-way valve 3 and the outlet three-way valve 4, Since the water to be treated is caused to flow through the bypass pipe 5, it does not flow out of the output line in a state where untreated water is mixed.

(Other embodiments)
(1) Considering the swirl flow efficiency f (Flow) at the maximum flow rate in advance, the illuminance is set to an ultraviolet irradiation dose Dose that can sufficiently inactivate the microorganisms to be sterilized, and the ultraviolet rays are set so as to be the determined illuminance. It is the structure which adjusts the output irradiation amount of a lamp | ramp (15-1,15-2), (15-3,15-4), (15-5,15-6), and performs the purification process with respect to to-be-processed water. Also good.

(2) Further, when the ultraviolet irradiation amount obtained from the measured illuminance of each ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 is equal to or smaller than the irradiation amount threshold, at least the output irradiation amount of the corresponding ultraviolet lamp 15 is increased. For example, the ultraviolet lamp 15 is turned on at a predetermined output dose without adjusting the output dose of the ultraviolet lamp 15.

Then, the water purification treatment monitoring and control device 8 uses the ultraviolet irradiation amount Dose ^unit obtained from the measured illuminance of the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6 and the measured flow rate of the flow meter 2 based on the formula (2) to sufficiently sterilize the microorganisms to be disinfected. If the amount of UV irradiation that can be deactivated is not reached, an alarm may be issued immediately.

(3) Similarly to (2) above, the UV lamp 15 is turned on at a predetermined output dose without adjusting the output dose of each UV lamp 15, and the flow meter 2 is not installed in the input line. To do.

In the state as described above, the water purification treatment monitoring and control device 8 is based on the arithmetic expression of the above formula (2) from the maximum flow rate determined from the designed ability of the ultraviolet irradiation device 1 and the detected illuminance of the ultraviolet illuminance meter 6. When the obtained ultraviolet irradiation dose ^unit does not reach the ultraviolet irradiation amount that can sufficiently inactivate the microorganisms to be sterilized, a configuration may be adopted in which an alarm is immediately issued.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, the embodiments can be implemented in combination as much as possible, and in that case, the effect of the combination can be obtained. Further, each of the above embodiments includes various higher-level and lower-level inventions, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, when an invention is extracted because some constituent elements can be omitted from all the constituent elements described in the means for solving the problem, the omitted part is used when the extracted invention is implemented. Is appropriately supplemented by well-known conventional techniques.

The block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the water treatment system which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between a ultraviolet lamp and a ultraviolet illuminance meter. The block diagram which shows one specific example of a water purification process monitoring control apparatus. The table figure which prescribed | regulated the relationship between the ultraviolet illumination intensity data and ultraviolet irradiation amount data in each flow volume. The figure explaining a mode that the to-be-processed water was swirled in the irradiation container. The figure showing the state from which chromaticity changes as to-be-processed water receives irradiation of an ultraviolet-ray. The figure explaining the irradiation efficiency of the ultraviolet irradiation amount with respect to the flow volume in the past and this invention. The relationship characteristic figure of the ultraviolet illumination intensity and ultraviolet irradiation amount with respect to each predetermined flow volume. The flowchart explaining a series of process examples in the water purification process monitoring control apparatus. The block diagram which shows the other specific example of a water-purification process monitoring control apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ultraviolet irradiation apparatus, 2 ... Flow meter, 3 ... Inlet three-way valve, 4 ... Outlet three-way valve, 5 ... Bypass pipe, 6 (6-1 to 6-3) ... Ultraviolet illuminance meter, 7 ... Protection tube crack detector , 8 ... Water purification treatment monitoring and control device, 8A ... Ultraviolet irradiation amount determining means, 8B ... Lamp output decrease determining means, 8C ... Lamp output adjusting means, 8D ... Ultraviolet irradiation amount calculating means, 9 ... Lamp output adjusting power supply unit, 10 ... Irradiation container, 10-1 ... irradiation part, 10-2 ... inflow part, 10-3 ... separation part, 11 ... treated water inlet pipe, 12 ... treated water outlet pipe, 13 ... pollutant trap container, 14 ... pollutant Recovery piping, 15 (15-1 to 15-6) ... UV lamp, 16 ... protection tube, 82 ... program memory, 83 ... monitoring control processing unit, 86 ... data storage device.

Claims (4)

In a water treatment system that performs purification using ultraviolet irradiation,
A plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube are arranged in a cylindrical container in parallel with the container axis, and ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp are applied to the water to be treated that descends while turning from the upper part to the lower part in the container. An ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating;
Among the plurality of ultraviolet lamps, an ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container so as to correspond to each predetermined number of ultraviolet lamp pairs, and illuminance measurement means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter,
The output irradiation amount of the individual or pair of ultraviolet lamps is monitored from the predetermined flow rate of the water to be treated flowing into the container and each measured illuminance measured by the illuminance measuring means, and the output of the individual or pair of ultraviolet lamps is monitored. When adjusting the irradiation dose and adjusting the output dose of individual or paired UV lamps, the UV irradiation dose does not reach the dose threshold sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be disinfected A water treatment system comprising: a water purification treatment monitoring and control device that adjusts the output irradiation amount of the adjacent or pair of ultraviolet lamps. In a water treatment system that performs purification using ultraviolet irradiation,
Flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of the water to be treated flowing in the input line;
A plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube are arranged in a cylindrical container in parallel with the container axis, and the ultraviolet lamps emit ultraviolet rays to the water to be treated that descends while turning from the upper part to the lower part in the container. An ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating
Among the plurality of ultraviolet lamps, an ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container so as to correspond to each predetermined number of ultraviolet lamp pairs, and illuminance measurement means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter,
The output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps individually or in pairs is monitored from the flow rate measured by the flow rate measurement means and the measured illuminances measured by the illuminance measurement means, and the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps individually or in pairs is determined. Adjacent if the UV irradiation dose does not reach the dose threshold sufficient for the inactivation of the microorganisms to be disinfected even though the output dose of the UV lamp is adjusted individually or in pairs. A water treatment system comprising a water purification treatment monitoring and control device that adjusts the output irradiation amount of an ultraviolet lamp individually or in pairs. In a water treatment system that performs purification using ultraviolet irradiation,
A plurality of ultraviolet lamps housed in a protective tube are arranged in a cylindrical container in parallel with the container axis, and ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp are applied to the water to be treated that descends while turning from the upper part to the lower part in the container. An ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating;
Among the plurality of ultraviolet lamps, an ultraviolet illuminance meter is attached to the wall position of the container so as to correspond to each predetermined number of ultraviolet lamp pairs, and illuminance measurement means for measuring the ultraviolet illuminance with each ultraviolet illuminance meter,
The output irradiation amount of the individual or pair of ultraviolet lamps is monitored from the maximum flow rate determined from the design capability of the ultraviolet irradiation device and each measured illuminance measured by the illuminance measuring means, and the individual or pair of ultraviolet lamps are monitored. Although the output dose is adjusted and the output dose of individual or paired UV lamps is adjusted, the UV dose does not reach the dose threshold sufficient to inactivate the microorganisms to be disinfected. In this case, the water treatment system includes a water purification treatment monitoring control device that adjusts the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamps adjacent to each other or each pair. In the water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A water treatment system, wherein at least a warning is issued when a predetermined ultraviolet ray irradiation amount is not reached even though the output irradiation amount of the ultraviolet lamp is adjusted.

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