JP4945404B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine including a carriage and a mast. The mast is rotatably supported on a carriage in a vertical plane, and includes a mast base and at least one mast element. The mast element constitutes an extended mast. The mast base is rotatably supported between the operating position and the folded position.

  The construction machine related to the present invention can be a foundation work device such as a drill for making a drill hole in the ground. The carriage can change the position of the construction machine, in particular it can be moved to the work site. However, because construction machines are large, in many cases, it has been found that it is very difficult to transport the mast in the operating position. Therefore, for transporting the construction machine, means are provided for rotating the mast to the transport position to reduce the undersparing height of the construction machine. Such a rotatable construction machine with a mast is described in the following documents.

  Moreover, the following literature describes a construction machine including a mast element that can rotate with respect to the mast base. In this construction machine, the mast element is rotated by a lifting cylinder that is hinged to both the mast base and the rotatable mast element.

US Pat. No. 5,269,107 European Patent Application Publication No. EP 0 745 528

  An object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine capable of efficiently rotating a mast element with respect to a mast base while having a simple structure.

  The above objective is solved by placing a flexible traction element between the mast base and the mast element for the rotation of the mast element.

  The invention is based on the recognition that when transporting construction machines, not only the height of the digits but also the length of the construction machine is a decisive factor. In particular, in a small to medium-sized construction machine that usually has to be operated in a work site where space is limited, the length of the construction machine is an important factor, not the height.

  Because the mast element is pivotable, a construction machine with a medium height but a particularly reduced length is obtained. The invention is based on the basic idea of rotating the mast element by the simplest possible means. In particular, the flexible traction element offers the advantage that it can be placed on the mast in a space-saving manner. Furthermore, with respect to proper weight, this flexible traction element can be designed to be considerably lighter than any known lifting cylinder. All of this results in a relatively light construction machine with a pivotable mast whose mast element is further pivotable relative to the mast base.

  Basically, the mast element can be placed at any selected location on the mast base. However, according to the invention, the mast element is preferably located above the mast with respect to the operating position. The mast element may constitute a substantial portion of the mast length, specifically about 1/3 to 1/2 of the mast length. Since the traction element is flexible, there is an advantage that the lifting cylinder to be installed at a considerably high position does not have to be provided within the rotation range of the mast element.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the traction element is a rope or chain. The rope or chain is particularly suitable for withstanding high tensions with little extension in the longitudinal direction. For this reason, the rope or chain is suitable for holding the mast element in a defined position. Rope or chains are available in particularly robust designs.

  Another particularly preferred development of the invention is that the slide is guided on the front of the mast and can be displaced relative to the mast by the drive and that the traction element is engaged with the drive and / or Or it is a part of a drive device. Since the traction element has two functions in this way, a particularly compact construction machine can be obtained. The traction element functions to rotate the mast element relative to the mast base, while having the function of displacing the slide along the mast. The slide includes a driving device such as a driving pinion for displacement. Here, for example, a traction element designed as a chain can be an engagement member of a drive pinion of a drive device. For this reason, it is not necessary to additionally arrange a drive chain or a drive sprocket. The traction element can itself be part of the slide drive by moving along the mast. Thus, the slide is guided along the mast by movement of the traction element.

  A point that has proven particularly advantageous with regard to the arrangement of the slides is that the drive device comprises at least one drive pinion that engages the traction element, the traction element being attached to the drive pinion so that the drive pinion is pressed against the mast. It means to wrap around and go around. As a result, the slide can be reliably and reliably driven even when the traction element is not pulled to an optimum degree. It is particularly advantageous that the drive pinion is arranged between the traction element and the mast. Furthermore, in order to guide the slide optimally, at least one guide pinion, preferably at least two guide pinions, are arranged on the slide, around which the traction element circulates on the mast side surface. A particular advantage of such a configuration is that it is possible to effectively prevent unwanted disengagement between the traction element and the slide drive.

  In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, to achieve the pivoting of the mast element, a tensioning device, more particularly a tension cylinder, is provided, whereby the traction element is relaxed or tensioned to rotate the mast element. . The traction element is guided on the mast so as to rotate the mast element to the folded position by relaxation of the traction element. When a new tension is applied to the traction element, the mast element can be lifted to the operating position. The tension device can be designed in particular as a tension cylinder which can be operated hydraulically, for example. Depending on the arrangement of the traction element on the tensioning device, the tensioning of the traction device can be effected by contraction or extension of the corresponding piston of the tensioning device.

  Basically, it is possible to place the tensioning device at any selected position on the mast, but according to the invention it is preferred that the tensioning device is located on the mast base, in particular on the back or side thereof. . For this reason, for example, the front surface of the mast that can guide the slide is not obstructed by the tension device. Since the traction element is turned and the tensioning device is arranged behind this turning part, the tensioning device can be arranged in a very space-saving manner.

  According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the traction element is guided along the front face of the mast, and the mast element is pivoted towards the back face of the mast to the folding position. By arranging the traction element along the front surface of the mast, it is possible to guide the slide on a surface particularly suitable for operation. The rearward rotation enables a compact transport shape for the construction machine, and the mast base and mast element are arranged in a triangle above the carriage.

  In an embodiment according to the invention, a pivot joint arranged in the area on the back side of the mast is located between the mast base and the mast element. For this reason, the pivot joint is arranged at a portion facing the inside of the folded mast when the mast is folded. In contrast, the traction element is preferably arranged on the front side of the mast, i.e. on the part outside the mast. As a result, a combination of the inward arrangement of the pivot joint and the traction element guided on the outer side of the mast provides a lever effect used for turning the mast element. The effect increases as the distance between the pivot joint and the traction element increases. By tensioning the traction element in the foldable position to shorten the traction element, the folded mast element is pulled toward the mast base and in the final position the mast element is aligned with the mast base.

  An advantageous aspect of the invention is that the mast element can be rotated by gravity while the traction element is relaxed. Therefore, the rotation of the mast element occurs downward. The rotation of the mast element by gravity can be realized particularly in a state where the mast element or the entire mast is inclined.

  In order to securely hold the mast element in the desired position, a locking device is preferably provided, whereby the mast element can be locked with respect to the mast base in a defined position, in particular in an operating position. The locking device can consist of, for example, a bolt or a snap lock. The snap lock can be operated manually or automatically by, for example, a drive cylinder.

  In order to further improve the stability of the mast and to improve the guidance of the slide, at least two traction elements and one common tensioning device can be provided to tension the at least two traction elements. A common tensioning device prevents uneven tensioning of the traction element, thereby preventing the possibility of catching the mast element. The two traction elements are advantageously guided in parallel on the mast.

  In the following description, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A construction machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 includes a carriage 11 having a carriage lower part 12 and a carriage upper part 13, and the carriage upper part is rotatably supported on the carriage lower part about a substantially vertical axis. A mast 20 is hinged to the front of the carriage upper portion 13. The mast 20 includes a mast base 21 hinged to the carriage top 13 and a mast element 22 hinged to the mast base 21 but not directly connected to the carriage 11. A counterweight that prevents the construction machine 10 from being inclined due to the weight of the mast 20 is disposed behind the carriage upper portion 13.

  In FIG. 1, the mast base 21 and the mast element 22 of the mast 20 are arranged in a vertical position. In this way, the mast 20 extended by the mast base 21 and the mast element 22 is configured. In this operating position, drilling or other civil engineering operations can be performed. However, at the position of the mast 20 shown in FIG. 2, the mast base 21 rotates from the vertical position to the inclined position with the hinge as an axis. The mast base 21 is in such an inclined position, where the mast base 21 can also be arranged substantially horizontally, for example for transport. Further, the mast element 22 is folded with respect to the mast base 21 to be in a substantially vertical position. In this folding position, the mast element 22 is rotated by approximately 180 ° compared to the operating position, so that the free end of the mast element 22 faces downward in the illustrated folding position.

  In order to rotate the mast base 21 with respect to the carriage 11, a rotary joint 52 is provided on the carriage upper portion 13. The rotary joint 52 is disposed on the arm 53 and has a horizontal rotation axis extending across the longitudinal direction of the carriage upper portion 13. Although the arm 53 is fixedly connected to the carriage upper portion 13, in another embodiment, the arm 53 may be hinged to the carriage upper portion 13 so that the rotary joint 52 can be displaced with respect to the carriage upper portion 13.

  The rotation of the mast base 21 about the rotation joint 52 is performed by a lifting cylinder 44. The lifting cylinder 44 is hinged to the arm 53 and the mast base 21 by another joint at a position away from the rotation joint 52. Is done.

  The slide 30 supporting the drill drive and the drill rod 46 is guided on the mast 20 so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the mast. For this reason, the guide rail 24 which slide-engages with the guide skid 31 of the slide 30 is arrange | positioned on the mast 20 along this. On the front side of the mast 20, i.e. the side opposite the carriage 11, a traction element 26, which is designed as a chain in this embodiment, is guided. The slide 30 includes a drive pinion 32 that meshes with the chain. When the drive pinion 32 rotates, the slide 30 moves along the mast 20. The chain is guided around the pinion so that it wraps around the pinion on the side of the drive pinion 32 away from the mast 20. A guide pinion 34 is disposed above and below the drive pinion 32 on the slide 30. The chain is wrapped around these pinions on the mast 20 side of the guide pinions 34. With this configuration, the slide 30 is held on the mast 20 by a chain and pressed against the mast 20.

  A boom 50 is arranged at the upper end of the mast 20 and can be used as lifting means for the drill rod element.

  In order to rotate the mast element 22 with respect to the mast base 21, a pivot joint 38 is provided between the mast element 22 and the mast base 21. This joint is disposed on the rear surface of the mast 20, that is, on the carriage 11 side. As a result, the mast element 22 can be rotated toward the carriage.

  On the opposite side of the mast 20 from the pivot joint 38, the traction element 26 designed as a chain is guided along the mast element 22 on the mast base 21. In the lower part of the mast base 21, the chain is guided around the lower turning roller 56. The chain is then coupled to a tensioning device 28, which in this embodiment is designed, for example, as a tension cylinder. The tension cylinder includes a cylinder block and a piston. The cylinder block is fixed to the mast base 21 and the chain is attached to the piston. In the upper part of the mast element 22, the chain is guided around two upper turning rollers 58, which are arranged equally on the mast element 21 on the back side of the mast 20. The chain is then fixed at the upper fixing point 48 by means of a spring tension device 49, whereby a constant chain tension is generated in the mast element 21.

  In order to lock the mast in a specified position, a locking device 40 is provided at a position where the mast element 22 is bent with respect to the mast base 21. The locking device has two pivot locks arranged side by side across the mast in the lateral direction hinged to the mast element 21 with pivot bolts. The pivot lock can be engaged with a lock bolt disposed on the mast base 21. Pivot bolts and lock bolts are provided at the front of the mast side.

  The mast base 21 and the mast element 22 have contact surfaces 70 and 71 that face each other, and contact each other at the contact surfaces in the operating position. The contact surfaces 70, 71 are not positioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 27 of the mast base 21 or mast element 22 but are inclined. The purpose of arranging the contact surfaces 70 and 71 in such an inclined or oblique manner will be described below.

  In the transport position (folding position) shown in FIG. 2, the front surfaces of the mast base 21 and the mast element 22 are separated by a length L. The traction element 26 is guided so as to be wound around the guide devices 66 and 67 disposed at the edge portions 62 and 63 that intersect with the contact surfaces 70 and 71 and the front surface of the mast 20, respectively. Compared to the operating position of the mast 20 shown in FIG. 1, the traction element 26 is extended by a length L on the front surface of the mast 20. When the chain is pulled by the tensioning device 28 from the transport position shown in FIG. 2, the distance between the mast base 21 and the front surface of the mast element 22 is shortened. Accordingly, the mast element 22 is raised until the mast element 22 comes to a position where the mast element 22 extends from the mast base 21.

  In order to obtain the maximum effect, the distance from the pivot joint 38 to the straight line connecting the edges 62 and 63 is selected to be as large as possible at a given folding angle α. Since the contact surfaces 70 and 71 of the mast base 21 and the mast element 22 are inclined, the distance from the pivot joint 38 functioning as a lever arm for lifting the mast element 22 to the straight line connecting the edges is long for the contact surfaces 70 and 71 to be long. It is longer than when it is positioned perpendicular to the direction axis 27.

It is a right view of the construction machine according to this invention, and shows a mode that a mast element exists in an operation position. It is a left view of the construction machine according to this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode that a mast element exists in a folding position.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Construction machine, 11 Carriage, 12 Carriage lower part, 13 Carriage upper part, 20 Mast, 21 Mast base, 22 Mast element, 26 Towing device, 30 Slide, 28 Tension device.

Claims (10)

A carriage,
A mast rotatably supported on the carriage and comprising a mast base and at least one mast element;
A construction machine including
The mast base is rotatably supported by the carriage;
The mast element is rotatable with respect to the mast base between an operating position constituting an extended mast and a folded position in which the mast element is folded and the free end of the mast element is a vertical position facing downward. Supported,
Further, the construction machine is disposed between the mast base and the mast element, and when the tension is applied, the mast element is rotated to an operating position, and when relaxed, the mast element is rotated to a folding position. to have a traction element flexible,
A slide is guided on the front of the mast, the slide being displaceable relative to the mast by a drive device;
The traction element engages the drive, or is part of the drive, or both;
The drive device has at least one drive pinion, said drive pinion engages the traction element, said traction element is wrapped around the drive pinion such that the drive pinion is pressed against the mast, and cyclic,
When the mast element is in the folded position, the slide is located on the mast base;
Construction machinery.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the traction element is a rope or a chain.   The construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a tension device that relaxes or tensions the traction element to rotate the mast element.   The construction machine according to claim 3, wherein the tensioning device is disposed on the mast base. The construction machine according to claim 1,
The traction element is guided along the front of the mast;
The construction machine, wherein the mast element is rotated toward the rear side of the mast to be in a folding position.   6. The construction machine according to claim 5, wherein a pivot joint is provided between the mast base and the mast element, and the pivot joint is disposed in the mast back region.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the mast element can be rotated by gravity when the traction element is relaxed.   The construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a locking device capable of locking the mast element in a predetermined position with respect to the mast base.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein at least two traction elements and a common tensioning device for tensioning the at least two traction elements are provided. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein when the mast element is in a folded position, the mast base is in a high inclined position on the mast element side, and the slide is located at a lower end on the mast base.

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