JP4947522B2 - Laser processed fabric and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laser-processed fabric that is finished by irradiation with a laser beam.

When producing curtain fabrics with a grain pattern, several types of yarns with different shrinkage rates are woven and knitted according to an appropriate weaving and knitting structure in advance, and if necessary, the yarns are subjected to high temperature treatment to shrink these several types of yarn, and the shrinkage behavior There is a known method of rendering a wrinkle pattern depending on the difference.
Print a paste containing a special chemical or metal powder on a thermoplastic fiber cloth, irradiate infrared rays, and heat shrink the paste printing area through the chemical or heat-generating metal powder to create a wrinkled pattern. A method of rendering is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

It has been known that the surface of a thermoplastic fiber fabric is subjected to uneven forming by applying a laser beam (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
The laser beam irradiation device includes an oscillator that oscillates a laser beam, an irradiation lens that collects the laser beam emitted from the oscillator and applies it to the surface of the fabric, a reflector that guides the laser beam emitted from the oscillator to the irradiation lens, and a surface of the fabric Depending on the optical path, a spot part moving means for moving the beam spot irradiated on the optical path, an optical path calculating means for calculating the optical path distance of the laser beam from the oscillator to the beam spot, a beam diameter adjusting means for adjusting the beam diameter of the laser beam, and A focus adjusting means for adjusting the focal point of the irradiation lens, and even if the distance from the irradiation lens to the surface of the fabric changes, the beam diameter of the laser beam and the focal point of the irradiation lens are adjusted so that the beam spot diameter d is constant. (See, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-308286 JP 58-174676 A JP 2007-222902 A

  When producing a curtain fabric having a wrinkle pattern, several types of thermoplastic fiber yarns having different shrinkage rates are knitted in accordance with the woven / knitted structure in advance, and several types of thermoplastic fiber yarns having different shrinkage rates are thermally contracted. In the method of drawing a wrinkle pattern on the curtain fabric due to the difference in the shrinkage behavior of the thermoplastic fiber during heat shrinkage, it is necessary to prepare several types of yarns with different shrinkage ratios in advance and respond quickly to the demand for wrinkled standing fabrics. In addition, it is necessary to design an appropriate weaving and knitting structure in order to generate wrinkles due to the shrinkage of these yarns, and there are restrictions on the design design of wrinkle patterns, and a variety of wrinkled standing fabrics. It is difficult to get.

  Although the method of printing a paste containing a special agent or metal powder on a thermoplastic fiber fabric and irradiating it with infrared rays can respond quickly to the demand for embossed fabric, there are many methods depending on the design of the embossed pattern. Since printing plates such as engraving rolls and printing screens are required, the cost is increased, and the amount of heat generated by infrared rays and the amount of heat absorbed by the fabric must be adjusted depending on the type of fabric, which is very difficult to control. Therefore, it is inevitable that the physical properties of the fabric deteriorate due to abnormal heat generation or heat absorption, and it is difficult to obtain a textured standing fabric having a stable quality, especially with a thin fabric.

  In the method of irradiating with a laser beam, the irradiated portion of the fiber fabric is melted to form a hard molten mass, and the texture of the fabric is impaired. In the thin fabric, a melt hole is generated, and a stable textured fabric cannot be obtained.

  Therefore, the present invention does not require the preparation of several types of yarns having different shrinkage rates in advance, nor does it require effort or ingenuity to design a woven or knitted structure corresponding to several types of yarns having different shrinkage rates. It is not necessary to prepare a printing plate such as a roll or a printing screen, and a laser-processed fabric having a stable quality can be obtained even with a thin fabric, and a wrinkle pattern rich in design can be freely expressed. A first object is to provide a processed fabric suitable for curtains and other interior decorations quickly and economically in response to demand.

  The second object of the present invention is to provide a concavo-convex shaping method (see, for example, Patent Document 2) in which a laser beam is applied to the surface of a thermoplastic fiber fabric, and the optical path from the oscillator to the beam spot and the beam diameter are changed. Focusing on the fact that positional deviation occurs between the surface and the beam spot, and unevenness in the uneven shape shaping, and actively using the positional deviation and variation, the fabric surface is set at a position away from the beam spot, An object is to obtain a new laser-processed fabric by heating and modifying only the thermoplastic synthetic fibers exposed on the fabric surface without heating the thermoplastic synthetic fibers in the fabric.

The laser-processed fabric according to the present invention is (a) a fabric 16 composed of multifilament yarns (13, 14) mainly composed of a large number of thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11, and is formed on the surface of the fabric 16. There is no napping, the surface of the fabric 16 is constituted by the surface of the multifilament yarn (13, 14), and the exposed surface of the multifilament yarn (13, 14) exposed on at least one side of the front or back of the fabric 16 At least a portion of the thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11a and 11a adjacent to each other on the surface 12 is fused, and (b) a multifilament (13, 14) separated from the exposed surface 12 of the multifilament thermoplastic synthetic fibers between 11b · 11b in the interior of a first feature that it is in the separated state of the unfused.

The second feature of the laser-processed fabric according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, (c) a multifilament in which the multifilament yarns (13, 14) are composed of ten or more thermoplastic synthetic fiber filaments 11 a yarn, (d) hot water shrinkage at 80 ° C. for the thermoplastic synthetic fiber filaments 11 is 3% or more, I basis weight 20 to 200 g / m ² der of (e) the fabric 16, the fabric 16 embossed on the exposed surface 12 of the front and back at least any multi yarn article exposed on one side (13, 14) is in the point that occur in.

Preparation of laser processing fabric according to the present invention, in the center line of the illumination lens 17 for emitting a laser beam of (f) the laser beam irradiation device, 5 minutes 5 minutes 1 or more of the focal length f from the focus P ₀ of the illumination lens Consists of multifilament yarns (13, 14) mainly composed of a large number of thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11 at a flat position P _n separated by a flat distance e (= 0.2f to 0.8f) of 4 or less. (G) irradiating the surface with a laser beam and maintaining the surface between the thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11b and 11b separated from the surface in a separated state that is not heat-fused. It is characterized in that at least some of the adjacent thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11a and 11a on the exposed surface 12 of the exposed multifilament yarns (13 and 14) are heat-sealed.

  In the prior art, it is known to use an infrared lamp as a method of applying heat to a thermoplastic material to generate steric strain. In that case, in order to selectively apply thermal energy to the thermoplastic synthetic fiber, Special chemicals and metal substances must be applied to the fabric in advance, and the distance from the infrared lamp, which is the irradiation heat source, will change, causing the heat energy to concentrate abnormally, reducing the physical properties of the fabric. Is inevitable.

  However, in the present invention, a laser beam 18 is applied to the surface of the fabric 16 formed using the multifilament yarns (13, 14) composed of a large number of fibers mainly composed of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11, and the surface heat is applied. The thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11a is twisted and shrunk by thermal energy and melts the adjacent thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11a and 11a on the exposed surface 12 of the multifilament exposed on the surface of the fabric. The change of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber due to the twisting behavior and shrinkage behavior generated at that time is fixedly set.

That is, in the present invention, on the center line of the irradiation lens 17 that emits the laser beam of the laser beam irradiation apparatus, the eccentric distance e (1/5 to the focal length f of the irradiation lens from the focal point P ₀ to 4/5 or less. = 0.2f to 0.8f), the surface of the fabric 16 is arranged at the flat position _Pn apart.

Then, does not match the irradiation beam diameter d _n on the beam spot diameter d and fabric, thermal energy of the laser beam is dispersed to a wide range of fabric according to扁心distance e from the focus P ₀ of the irradiation lens to fabric The thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11a that softens and melts by receiving the thermal energy of the laser beam is exposed to the multifilaments constituting the fabric. Only a portion of the thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11a interposed in the surface 12 are formed, and the thermoplastic synthetic fibers 11b inside the fabric are maintained in their original separated state without being heated by the laser beam, accompanied by a decrease in strength of the fabric 16 in laser processing. Absent.

When the present invention is applied to a relatively thin fabric 16 having a basis weight of 20 to 200 g / m ² consisting of 10 or more thermoplastic synthetic fiber filaments 11 having a hot water shrinkage of 3% or more, all fibers are softened and melted. The entire multifilament yarn (13, 14) is not shrunk, but when the fiber 11a is twisted or shrunk when exposed to the fabric surface, the inter-adjacent fibers 11a and 11a Misalignment occurs, and the misalignment propagates one after another from the adjacent fibers 11a and 11a to the adjacent fibers 11b and 11b in the adjacent fabric, and the balance maintained between all the fibers is broken. When it appears that the entire multifilament is deformed, small wrinkles appear in a wide area (15) irradiated with the laser beam, and a textured fabric is produced.

Further, in the relatively thick fabric 16 having a basis weight exceeding 200 g / m ² , even if only a part of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11a on the exposed surface 12 is softened and melted, it does not stand out. Since the crystallinity, orientation, dyeability, etc. of the polymer change and develops a different color, a frost or pear ground texture pattern is drawn, and it is necessary by partially irradiating the laser beam 18 according to a predetermined composition Is drawn on the fabric surface.

  When the adjacent fibers 11a and 11a are fused on the exposed surface 12 of the multifilament, the pattern drawn on the fabric surface is fixed, and the exposed surface 12 of the multifilament becomes flat. It is glossy, and it is scattered in a wide range (15) irradiated with a laser beam so that the whole is glossy, and a glossy laser-processed fabric is obtained.

In order to keep the position of the focal point P ₀ of the irradiation lens where the beam spot d, that is, the beam diameter d (beam waist d) of the laser beam emitted from the irradiation lens is minimized, coincides with the surface of the fabric during laser processing. Although expensive means such as irradiation part moving means, optical path calculating means, beam diameter adjusting means, and focus adjusting means are required, the present invention does not make the beam spot coincide with the surface of the fabric, but separates the laser beam away from the beam spot. Since the cloth 16 is arranged at the center positions P _n where the spread is widely dispersed, even if the irradiation distance L from the irradiation lens 17 to the cloth 16 and the thermal energy acting on the cloth vary, the variation is a variation in laser processing accuracy. However, even if the laser processing accuracy varies, the fiber 11a modified by the laser processing is changed to the fabric surface. Since the fiber 11b in the fabric is not affected by the laser beam, the physical properties of the laser-processed fabric are not destabilized, and the laser beam can be easily controlled, and the laser beam irradiation is particularly expensive. The present invention can be implemented economically and efficiently without the need for an apparatus.

In the present invention, since the fabric 16 is arranged at the center position P _n where the laser beam is widely dispersed apart from the beam spot, the basis weight is 20 to 80 g / m ^{2 in} order to obtain a textured fabric. Even when the thin fabric 16 is used, the thermal energy of the laser beam does not concentrate in a very narrow range, and melt holes are not generated in the fabric. On the other hand, the texture is rich in changes caused by variations in thermal energy. A fabric is obtained.

The laser beam irradiation apparatus used in the present invention may have a function of changing the focal length f of the irradiation lens only by adjusting the optical system. The focal length f of the irradiation lens is changed only by adjusting the optical system and the irradiation lens. by changing the irradiation distance L between 17 and fabric 16, the change changing the irradiation beam diameter d _n on the fabric, the irradiation area of the heating unit 15 the thermal energy of the laser beam is applied to the fabric by dispersing the (range) It may be allowed.

When changing the irradiation distance L between the illumination lens 17 and the fabric 16, the illumination beam diameter d _n in the fabric surface of the laser beam applied, at the focal point P ₀ of the beam diameter D and the irradiation lens of the laser beam incident on the illumination lens The relationship with the beam spot diameter d is set so that d _n > (D + 4d) / 5. So setting the irradiation beam diameter d _n on the fabric surface, the thermal energy of the laser beam to set the focal length f of the illumination lens so that the irradiation area is wider acting on the fabric and dispersed, fabric in solid form Even if it is distorted, the thermal energy required for laser processing can be applied to the fabric.

In particular, in the case of a (4D + d) / 5> d n is easily thermoplastic synthetic fiber between 11a · 11a of the exposed surface 12 is fused, the thermal energy required for the generation of grain in sheer fabric stable However, if d _n > (4D + d) / 5 is exceeded, the irradiation density of the thermal energy of the laser beam itself becomes small, and the thermoplastic synthetic fiber spaces 11a and 11a on the exposed surface 12 become smaller. It is difficult to fuse, and it is difficult to generate wrinkles on a thin fabric.

On the other hand, (D + 4d) / 5 > When the d _n, narrow irradiation area of the laser beam acting on the fabric, large irradiation density of the thermal energy of the laser beam is, thermal energy of the laser beam is concentrated acts on one point, variation laser processing precision Even the fibers 11b inside the fabric are heated, and melting holes are easily generated in the heating section 15.

Therefore, the minimum focal position P ₁ (e = 0.2f) that is one fifth of the focal length f of the irradiation lens from the beam spot (focal point P ₀ of the irradiation lens) is five minutes of the focal length f of the irradiation lens. The fabric heating section 15 is set between the maximum flat position P ₂ (e = 0.8f) 4 distances away.
That is, the beam diameter D of the laser beam incident on the illumination lens, relationship between the beam spot diameter d of the laser beam is calculated from the wavelength λ of the focal length f and laser irradiation lens [(4D + d) / 5 ≧ d n ≧ (D + 4d) / 5] so as to satisfy the set irradiation beam diameter d _n of the laser beam applied to the fabric.

  The multifilament yarns (13, 14) mainly composed of thermoplastic synthetic fibers may be spun yarns, multifilaments or strong twisted yarns. For the thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11, nylon, vinylon, polypropylene fiber, allyl fiber, polyester fiber or the like is used. Non-thermoplastic fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, hemp, rayon, etc. should be mixed in the multifilament yarns (13, 14) as long as they do not hinder the occurrence of wrinkles due to heat shrinkage of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber 11. I can do it.

For the multifilament yarn, a multifilament yarn composed of 10 or more filaments, that is, a multifilament yarn having a single fiber fineness of 1/10 or less of the total fineness is used. The multifilament yarn (13, 14) When the number of the filaments 11 constituting the number is less than 10, not only the adjacent filament (fiber) 11a on the exposed surface but also the filament (fiber) 11b inside the fabric away from the exposed surface 12 of the multifilament yarn As a result, the fabric is likely to be fused, leading to a decrease in physical properties of the fabric.
In particular, having a basis weight concentrated acting thermal energy is extremely narrow range of 20g / m ² ~80g / m ² of very thin in the fabric 16 laser melted hole occurs, laser processing fabric properties quality is stabilized It becomes difficult to obtain.
On the other hand, in a relatively thick fabric having a basis weight exceeding 200 g / m ² , a multifilament is formed only by twisting or heat shrinkage occurring in the filament (fiber) 11a adjacent to the exposed surface. The balance maintained between all the filaments (fibers) is not easily broken, and the entire multifilament yarn is not deformed, so that wrinkles are hardly generated.
Therefore, grain pattern finely finely occurs, in order to obtain a suitable grain falling fabric balanced upholstery balance texture and appearance, it is desirable that the basis weight of the fabric to 40g / m ² ~200g / m ² .

The single filament fineness of the multifilament yarn (13, 14) is 2 to 5 dtex, the total fineness is about 150 to 250 dtex, and the multifilament yarn may be composed of 50 to 100 filaments 11.
In that case, in the woven fabric, the weaving density of the background is 100/10 cm to 400/10 cm, and 10% to 20% of the filaments 11a among the 50 to 100 filaments 11 constituting the multifilament yarn are exposed surfaces. In FIG. 12, it is twisted by irradiation with a laser beam, fused while being thermally contracted, and fixed to the exposed surface 12 in a film form.

General-purpose thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as nylon, vinylon, polypropylene fiber, allyl fiber, and polyester fiber have heat shrinkability and are twisted by heat shrinkage, and can be applied to the present invention. When the heat shrinkage rate exceeds 30%, the fabric is greatly distorted, and it becomes difficult to obtain a laser-processed fabric with fine irregularities and fineness.
Therefore, a thermoplastic synthetic fiber having a hot water shrinkage rate at 80 ° C. of 3% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20% as defined in JIS-L-1013 is used for the multifilament yarn.

[Weaving fabric]
A polyester multifilament yarn of 80 dtex / 36f composed of polyester filament 11 having a heat shrinkage of 11.76% is twisted 1000 times / m in the S direction to be used as warp yarn 13 and weft yarn 14, and a basis weight of 152 g / m ² is obtained by a Dobby loom. The raw fabric 16 is woven.

[Adjustment of irradiation device]
The laser beam irradiation device is equipped with an automatic adjustment means for the beam diameter D of the laser beam and the focal point f of the irradiation lens, and the beam spot diameter d is kept constant even if the distance of the optical path from the irradiation lens to the beam spot changes. Using a CO ₂ laser beam irradiator (G-100 manufactured by Coherent) with a laser beam wavelength λ of 10.6 μm, the output condition is 20 w, the laser beam oscillation frequency is 5 kHz, the beam diameter of the laser beam 18 incident on the irradiation lens 17 D is 30 mm, the moving speed of the irradiation position of the laser beam that scans the fabric surface is 200 mm / second, the focal length f of the irradiation lens is once set to 760 mm, and the height of the focal point P ₀ (focus position) of the irradiation lens is 228 mm. It is placed on a support base that is raised, and the irradiation distance L between the irradiation lens 17 and the living machine fabric 16 is set to Set the beam spot (P ₀₎ to 228mm (e = 0.3f) away扁心position P _n, the irradiation beam diameter d _n the fabric 16 illuminates the 9mm laser beam 18.

[Laser beam irradiation]
A heating unit 15 is set on the fabric 16 so as to repeatedly draw a straight line G having a length of 10 cm in a lattice shape by a digital image, and a laser beam 18 is irradiated.

[Irradiation result]
The heating part 15 of the fabric 16 contracted by irradiating the laser beam, and a texture 19 was generated in a part surrounded by the grid-like heating part 15.
During laser processing, but the irradiation distance L between the illumination lens 17 and the fabric 16 is varied before and after 20 mm, the irradiation beam diameter d _n in the heating portion 15 of the fabric 16 due to the variation is about 9.8 mm, due to the variation No quality variation was observed in the laser processed fabric.
In the heating section 15 of the fabric 16, as shown in FIG. 1, the adjacent filament fibers 11a and 11a are fused on the exposed surface 12 of the polyester multifilament yarn (13 and 14) exposed on the fabric surface. And it was recognized that the exposed surface 12 of the polyester multifilament yarn (13, 14) is in the form of an extremely thin film.
Between the fibers 11b and 11b inside the fabric away from the exposed surface 12 of the polyester multifilament yarns (13 and 14), the fibers 11b and 11b are not fused and remain separated into individual fibers as shown in FIG. It was.

It is an expansion perspective view of the laser processing cloth concerning the present invention. It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of the laser beam irradiation apparatus used for the Example of this invention, and a laser processing fabric.

Explanation of symbols

11: thermoplastic synthetic fiber 12: exposed surface 13, 14: multifilament yarn (warp / weft)
15: heating unit 16: fabric 17: irradiation lens 18: laser beam 19: texture D: beam diameter G of irradiation lens: straight line L of heating unit: irradiation distance P ₀ : focal point P ₁ : minimum eccentric position P ₂ : maximum flat Heart position P _n : Flat position d: Beam spot diameter d _n : Irradiation beam diameter e: Flat distance f: Focal length of irradiation lens

Claims (3)

A fabric (16) composed of multifilament yarns (13, 14) mainly composed of a large number of thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11) , and the fabric (16) has no nap on the surface, and the fabric The exposed surface of the multifilament (13, 14), wherein the surface of (16) is constituted by the surface of the multifilament (13, 14), and is exposed on at least one side of the fabric (16). 12) At least some of the adjacent thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11a and 11a) are fused together,
A laser-processed fabric in which the thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11b, 11b) in the multifilament (13, 14) separated from the exposed surface (12) of the multifilament are in an unfused separated state. The multifilament yarn (13, 14) is a multifilament yarn comprising ten or more thermoplastic synthetic fiber filaments (11),
The thermoplastic synthetic fiber filament (11) has a hot water shrinkage at 80 ° C. of 3% or more,
Basis weight of the fabric (16) What is 20~200g / m ² der,
Laser processing fabric according to supra claim 1 grain is that occur on the exposed surface of the front and back at least any multi yarn article exposed on one side (13, 14) (12) of the fabric (16). On the center line of the irradiation lens (17) that emits the laser beam of the laser beam irradiation device, there is an eccentric distance (e) that is not less than 1/5 and not more than 4/5 of the focal length f from the focal point (P ₀ ) of the irradiation lens. Disposing the surface of the fabric (16) composed of the multifilament yarns (13, 14) mainly composed of a large number of thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11) at a distant central position (P _n );
The surface is irradiated with a laser beam, and while maintaining the separated state between the thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11b and 11b) inside the fabric away from the surface in a heat-fused separated state, the multifilament yarn (13 (14) A method for producing a laser-processed fabric in which at least a part of adjacent thermoplastic synthetic fibers (11a, 11a) on the exposed surface (12) is heat-sealed.

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