JP4963995B2 - 燃料電池用ガス拡散媒体としてのアクリル繊維結合炭素繊維紙 - Google Patents
燃料電池用ガス拡散媒体としてのアクリル繊維結合炭素繊維紙 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims description 104
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005519 non-carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
- D21H13/46—Non-siliceous fibres, e.g. from metal oxides
- D21H13/50—Carbon fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/18—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylonitriles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0239—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/36—Polyalkenyalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
本発明の一般的な教示に従って、PEM型燃料電池システム用の新規で改良されたガス拡散媒体が提供される。
本発明の一側面に従って、アクリルパルプ繊維は、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約65質量%の量で存在する。
次の好ましい態様の記載は例示の性質のみを有し、本発明とその適用又は用途を限定することを意図しない。
まず、紙の形成の前に、約7ミクロンの繊維直径を有する炭素繊維(例えば、SGL Carbon Group (Wiesbaden, Germany) SIGRAFIL CR C30)を、例えば約5〜約7mm、又は製紙プロセスにとって十分な任意の長さのような所定の長さに切り刻む。
図2及び3は、本発明の一般的な教示に従って調製されたガス拡散媒体のSEM画像を示す。低倍率SEM画像(即ち、図2)は、炭化されたアクリル繊維でGDLの表面が覆われていることを示しており、一方、高倍率SEM画像(即ち、図3)は、炭化されフィブリル化されたアクリル構造を示す。カナディアン・スタンダード・フリーネス(CSF)240,6mm X 1.2dに叩解された高張力(HT)アクリル繊維(例えば、Acordis BV, Aenhem, The Netherlands)を65質量%と、炭素繊維(例えば、SGL Carbon Group (Wiesbaden, Germany) SIGRAFIL CR C30)を35質量%とで、試料を調製した。非限定的な例として、本発明のアクリル繊維には約100〜約450の範囲のCSFを有する繊維が含まれる。
Claims (21)
- 複数の炭素繊維を準備すること;
複数のアクリルパルプ繊維を準備すること;
追加の樹脂結合剤を該炭素繊維中に含浸させることなく、該アクリルパルプ繊維と該炭素繊維とを組み合わせて、マットを形成すること;及び
該アクリル繊維を硬化し、炭化すること
を含んでなる、燃料電池用ガス拡散層の形成方法。 - ガス拡散層をグラファイト化することをさらに含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約25〜約50質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約35質量%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約50〜約75質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約65質量%の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭化前のマットに添加される炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約40〜約70質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭化されたアクリル繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約30〜約60質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ガス拡散層が、プロトン交換膜型燃料電池に組込まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって形成した燃料電池用ガス拡散層であって、
複数の炭素繊維を含んでなるマット;及び
該炭素繊維マットに組込まれた複数のアクリルパルプ繊維
を含んでなり、
該アクリルパルプ繊維は、炭素繊維マットに組込まれた後に硬化され、炭化され、
該炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約40〜約70質量%の範囲で存在し、
炭化されたアクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約30〜約60質量%の範囲で存在する、
前記燃料電池用ガス拡散層。 - 炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約25〜約50質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項10に記載のガス拡散層。
- 炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約35質量%の量で存在する、請求項10に記載のガス拡散層。
- アクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約50〜約75質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項10に記載のガス拡散層。
- アクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約65質量%の量で存在する、請求項10に記載のガス拡散層。
- ガス拡散層が、プロトン交換膜型燃料電池に組込まれる、請求項10に記載のガス拡散層。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって形成した燃料電池用ガス拡散層であって、
複数の炭素繊維を含んでなるマット;及び
該炭素繊維マットに組込まれる複数のアクリルパルプ繊維
を含んでなり、
該アクリルパルプ繊維は、炭素繊維マットに組込まれた後に硬化され、炭化され、
該炭素繊維は、硬化され炭化される前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約25〜約50質量%の範囲で存在し、
該アクリルパルプ繊維は、硬化され炭化される前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約50〜約75質量%の範囲で存在する、
前記燃料電池用ガス拡散層。 - 炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約35質量%の量で存在する、請求項16に記載のガス拡散層。
- アクリルパルプ繊維が、硬化及び炭化の前に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約65質量%の量で存在する、請求項16に記載のガス拡散層。
- 炭化前のマットに添加される炭素繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約40〜約70質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項16に記載のガス拡散層。
- 炭化されたアクリル繊維が、硬化及び炭化工程後に、ガス拡散層の全質量に基づいて約30〜約60質量%の範囲で存在する、請求項16に記載のガス拡散層。
- ガス拡散層が、プロトン交換膜型燃料電池に組込まれる、請求項16に記載のガス拡散層。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/384,706 US8343452B2 (en) | 2006-03-20 | 2006-03-20 | Acrylic fiber bonded carbon fiber paper as gas diffusion media for fuel cell |
| US11/384,706 | 2006-03-20 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007273466A JP2007273466A (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
| JP4963995B2 true JP4963995B2 (ja) | 2012-06-27 |
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| JP2007071896A Expired - Fee Related JP4963995B2 (ja) | 2006-03-20 | 2007-03-20 | 燃料電池用ガス拡散媒体としてのアクリル繊維結合炭素繊維紙 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US8343452B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4963995B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101047253B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE102007012718B4 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5433146B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-21 | 2014-03-05 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 多孔質電極基材、その製造方法、膜−電極接合体、および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP5433147B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-21 | 2014-03-05 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 多孔質電極基材、その製造方法、膜−電極接合体、および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| US8409769B2 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2013-04-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell |
| CN101613982B (zh) * | 2008-06-27 | 2011-01-12 | 北京化工大学 | 一种燃料电池气体扩散层用碳纤维纸的制备方法 |
| WO2010090164A1 (ja) | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-12 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 多孔質電極基材、その製造方法、膜-電極接合体、および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| US8574758B2 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2013-11-05 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Porous electrode substrate and method for producing the same |
| CA2767211C (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2018-07-31 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Porous electrode substrate and method for producing the same |
| WO2011065327A1 (ja) | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-03 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 多孔質電極基材、その製法、前駆体シート、膜-電極接合体、および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| KR101536835B1 (ko) | 2010-11-01 | 2015-07-14 | 미쯔비시 레이온 가부시끼가이샤 | 다공질 전극 기재, 그의 제조 방법, 다공질 전극 기재 전구체 시트, 막-전극 접합체 및 고체 고분자형 연료 전지 |
| EP3222778A1 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2017-09-27 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Porous electrode substrate, method for manufacturing same, membrane electrode assembly, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, precursor sheet, and fibrillar fibers |
| JP5458168B2 (ja) | 2011-01-27 | 2014-04-02 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 多孔質電極基材の製造方法 |
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| CN101047253A (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
| US8343452B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
| US20070218346A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
| JP2007273466A (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
| CN101047253B (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
| DE102007012718B4 (de) | 2013-10-17 |
| DE102007012718A1 (de) | 2007-10-25 |
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