JP4976313B2 - How to raise fish - Google Patents
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- JP4976313B2 JP4976313B2 JP2008001797A JP2008001797A JP4976313B2 JP 4976313 B2 JP4976313 B2 JP 4976313B2 JP 2008001797 A JP2008001797 A JP 2008001797A JP 2008001797 A JP2008001797 A JP 2008001797A JP 4976313 B2 JP4976313 B2 JP 4976313B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Description
本発明は、カビや寄生虫を駆除した魚類の飼育方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for breeding fish that has been freed from mold and parasites.
海産魚の活魚水槽や陸上養殖を行う循環水槽は、同じ海水を循環させて使用しているために、海水が酸化したり、外部から侵入した雑菌・寄生虫・カビ等が水槽の中で繁殖して海産魚に大きなダメージを与えたりしていた。特に、循環水槽での陸上養殖においては、海水を殺菌しても寄生虫を駆除することができないために、従来は劇薬のホルマリンを使用して寄生虫を駆除していた。 Live fish tanks for marine fish and circulating tanks for aquaculture are used by circulating the same seawater, so the seawater oxidizes, and bacteria, parasites, molds, etc. that enter from the outside propagate in the tank. And did a lot of damage to marine fish. In particular, in land farming in a circulating tank, parasites have been exterminated using formalin, a powerful drug, because parasites cannot be exterminated even by sterilizing seawater.
最近では、ホルマリンの使用禁止により、マリンサワー等の寄生虫駆除剤が使用されているが、特にふぐ養殖においては、寄生虫のヘテロボツリウムに対して余り効果がなく、安全で効果的な寄生虫の駆除手段がないのが現状である。 Recently, parasite control agents such as marine sour have been used due to the ban on the use of formalin, but especially in blowfish farming, there is not much effect on parasite heterobotulium, and it is a safe and effective parasite. At present, there is no insect control method.
一方、サケ・マス等の淡水での養殖においては、薬剤に代わる魚類のミズカビ病を防止する組成物として、カテキン、ガロカテキン、ガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキン、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、エピガロカテキンガレートからなるポリフェノール類を含有するミズカビ病防止組成物が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。 On the other hand, in freshwater aquaculture such as salmon and trout, catechin, gallocatechin, gallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin are used as a composition for preventing fish mildew disease instead of drugs. A mold fungus prevention composition containing polyphenols composed of gallate is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
海産魚の活魚水槽や陸上養殖を行う循環水槽において、薬剤に代わる安全で効果的なカビや寄生虫の駆除手段を提供することが望まれていた。 It has been desired to provide a safe and effective means of controlling mold and parasites in place of drugs in live fish tanks for marine fish and circulating tanks for aquaculture.
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、海水に対してエピガロカテキンを0.5〜1.2ppmの重量比で混合し、この海水中で魚類を飼育する魚類の飼育方法を提供するものである。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fish breeding method in which epigallocatechin is mixed at a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1.2 ppm with respect to seawater, and the fish is raised in this seawater. It is.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、前記海水の塩分濃度が5〜35‰である。 In the fish breeding method of the present invention, the seawater has a salt concentration of 5 to 35 ‰.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、前記海水を浄化する手段を備えたものである。 Moreover, the fish breeding method of the present invention comprises means for purifying the seawater.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、着色したエピガロカテキン含有物質を海水に投入混合し、着色された海水が透明になる毎に着色したエピガロカテキン含有物質を投入混合するようにしてある。 In the method for raising fish according to the present invention, a colored epigallocatechin-containing substance is charged and mixed into seawater, and a colored epigallocatechin-containing substance is charged and mixed each time the colored seawater becomes transparent. .
本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、海水に対してエピガロカテキンを0.5〜1.2ppmの重量比で混合し、この海水中で魚類を飼育することにより、海水において劇薬を使用することなくカビや寄生虫を確実に駆除することができ、安全で品質の良い魚類を飼育することができる効果がある。 The fish breeding method of the present invention mixes epigallocatechin at a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1.2 ppm with respect to seawater, and breeds the fish in the seawater without using a powerful drug in the seawater. It has the effect of being able to control molds and parasites and breeding safe and high quality fish.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、前記海水の塩分濃度が5〜35‰であることにより、低塩分濃度の5‰から通常の海水濃度の35‰において、カビや寄生虫を確実に駆除して、安全で品質の良い魚類を飼育することができる効果がある。 In addition, the fish breeding method of the present invention can reliably eliminate mold and parasites in a low seawater concentration of 5 ‰ to a normal seawater concentration of 35 ‰ when the seawater has a salinity of 5 to 35 ‰. Thus, it is possible to breed safe and high quality fish.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、前記海水を浄化する手段を備えたことにより、魚類の飼育用水槽の衛生状態を維持することができる効果がある。 Moreover, the fish breeding method of the present invention has the effect of maintaining the sanitary condition of the fish breeding aquarium by providing the means for purifying the seawater.
また、本発明の魚類の飼育方法は、着色したエピガロカテキン含有物質を海水に投入混合し、着色された海水が透明になる毎に着色したエピガロカテキン含有物質を投入混合するようにしたことにより、海水の浄化手段によって減少したエピガロカテキンを補って、海水中のエピガロカテキン濃度を維持することができる。また、エピガロカテキン含有物質で着色された海水の色変化を観ることにより、エピガロカテキン濃度の減少を簡単に把握することができる効果がある。 In addition, the method for raising fish according to the present invention is such that a colored epigallocatechin-containing substance is introduced and mixed into seawater, and the colored epigallocatechin-containing substance is introduced and mixed every time the colored seawater becomes transparent. Thus, epigallocatechin decreased by seawater purification means can be supplemented, and the epigallocatechin concentration in seawater can be maintained. Moreover, there is an effect that the decrease in the epigallocatechin concentration can be easily grasped by observing the color change of the seawater colored with the epigallocatechin-containing substance.
本発明に係る魚類の飼育方法は、海水に対してエピガロカテキンを0.5〜1.2ppmの重量比で混合し、この海水中で魚類を飼育するようにしてある。 In the fish breeding method according to the present invention, epigallocatechin is mixed with seawater at a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1.2 ppm, and the fish is raised in the seawater.
一般的に、淡水魚の寄生虫の駆除はカテキンで可能であると言われているが、カテキンは金属イオンと結合し易いために、海水魚では殆ど試験が行われてこなかった。本願の発明者は、海水魚のカビや寄生虫に対するカテキンの効用を研究し、海水中にエピガロカテキンを一定濃度混合することにより、安全性と寄生虫駆除効果の両面を解決することができた。いわゆるカテキンには、カテキン、ガロカテキン、ガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキン、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキン、エピガロカテキンガレートが含まれるが、海水中ではエピガロカテキンが寄生虫駆除効果を有することが分かった。 In general, it is said that catechins can be used to control parasites of freshwater fish. However, since catechins easily bind to metal ions, few tests have been conducted on saltwater fish. The inventor of the present application has studied the effects of catechins against mold and parasites of seawater fish, and was able to solve both safety and parasite control effects by mixing epigallocatechin with a certain concentration in seawater. . So-called catechins include catechin, gallocatechin, gallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, but it was found that epigallocatechin has a parasite-control effect in seawater .
エピガロカテキンは、海水中の金属イオンと反応して、寄生虫に対して抗菌作用を有すると共に、海水の酸化防止効果を有する。また、エピガロカテキンは、カビに対しても殺菌作用があり、殆どの魚のカビをなくすことができる。一定濃度のエピガロカテキンを混合した海水中で海水魚を飼育すると、寄生虫は堅くなり死滅し、寄生虫の卵も堅くなり孵化しなくなる。また、魚はストレスを与えると粘液を出し、この粘液の主成分であるタンパク質とエピガロカテキンが結合して、海水の酸化を防止して海水を活性化させることができる。海水の塩分濃度に係わらず、一定の割合で水槽の中にエピガロカテキンを投入し、長くても3週間程度経過すると寄生虫の卵・幼虫・成虫も殆ど全て死滅し、駆除することができる。 Epigallocatechin reacts with metal ions in seawater, has an antibacterial action against parasites, and has an antioxidant effect on seawater. Epigallocatechin also has a bactericidal action against mold, and can eliminate mold from most fish. When marine fish are raised in seawater mixed with a certain concentration of epigallocatechin, the parasites become hard and die, and the eggs of the parasites become hard and do not hatch. In addition, fish gives mucus when stress is applied, and the protein that is the main component of this mucus and epigallocatechin combine to prevent the oxidation of seawater and activate the seawater. Regardless of the salinity of the seawater, epigallocatechin is put into the tank at a fixed rate, and after about 3 weeks at the longest, parasite eggs, larvae and adults can all be killed and exterminated. .
次に、表1に示す実施例について説明する。
本実施例は、循環システムの無い1トン水槽に15‰の塩分濃度の海水を入れ、これに所定濃度のエピガロカテキンを加えてトラフグを飼育した。水槽には、700〜800gの成魚のトラフグを30尾ずつ入れ、海水中のエピガロカテキン濃度を変えて比較実験を行った。エピガロカテキン含有物質には、和光純薬工業株式会社製のエピガロカテキン(エピガロカテキン含有量99%)を使用した。
Next, examples shown in Table 1 will be described.
In this example, seawater with a salt concentration of 15 ‰ was placed in a 1 ton aquarium without a circulation system, and a predetermined concentration of epigallocatechin was added to raise trough pufferfish. Thirty fish of 700-800 g adult fish were put in the aquarium, and a comparative experiment was conducted by changing the epigallocatechin concentration in seawater. Epigallocatechin (epigallocatechin content 99%) manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as the epigallocatechin-containing substance.
表1に示すように、海水1トンに対して99%エピガロカテキンを0.1g(エピガロカテキン濃度0.1ppm)混合した水槽では、1週間後に寄生虫が10%減少したが、寄生虫の駆除効果は余り向上しなかった。 As shown in Table 1, in a water tank in which 0.1 g of 99% epigallocatechin (epigallocatechin concentration: 0.1 ppm) was mixed with 1 ton of seawater, the number of parasites decreased by 10% after 1 week. The removal effect of was not improved much.
一方、海水1tonに対して99%エピガロカテキンを0.5g(エピガロカテキン濃度0.5ppm)〜1.0g(エピガロカテキン濃度1.0ppm)混合した水槽では、2〜3日目に寄生虫の駆除効果が現れ始め、6〜7日目で寄生虫を完全に駆除することができた。また、カビの発生も抑止することができた。このことから、本発明に係る魚類の飼育方法は、海水中のエピガロカテキン濃度を0.5ppm以上に保つことが好ましい。 On the other hand, in a tank where 99 g of epigallocatechin is mixed with 0.5 g (epigallocatechin concentration: 0.5 ppm) to 1.0 g (epigallocatechin concentration: 1.0 ppm) with respect to 1 ton of seawater, it is parasitic on the 2nd to 3rd day. The insect extermination effect began to appear, and the parasite could be completely exterminated in 6-7 days. In addition, the occurrence of mold was able to be suppressed. For this reason, the fish breeding method according to the present invention preferably maintains the epigallocatechin concentration in seawater at 0.5 ppm or more.
また、水槽に塩分濃度5‰の海水と塩分濃度25‰の海水を入れて、同じ実験を行ったが、海水の塩分濃度に影響を受けず同様の結果が得られた。従って、本飼育方法は、低塩分濃度の5‰から通常の海水濃度の35‰までの海水において使用可能なことが分かった。 In addition, the same experiment was performed by putting seawater with a salinity of 5 ‰ and seawater with a salinity of 25 ‰ in the water tank, but the same result was obtained without being affected by the salinity of the seawater. Therefore, it was found that this breeding method can be used in seawater from a low salinity of 5 ‰ to a normal seawater concentration of 35 ‰.
次に、表2に示す実施例について説明する。
本実施例は、循環システムを備えた1トン水槽に15‰の塩分濃度の海水を入れ、これに所定濃度のエピガロカテキンを加えてトラフグを飼育した。水槽には、700〜800gの成魚のトラフグを30尾ずつ入れ、海水中のエピガロカテキン濃度を変えて比較実験を行った。エピガロカテキン含有物質には、太陽化学株式会社製のタンセノン100S(エピガロカテキン含有量60%)を使用し、本品は茶色に着色されている。
Next, examples shown in Table 2 will be described.
In this example, seawater having a salt concentration of 15 ‰ was placed in a 1 ton aquarium equipped with a circulation system, and epigallocatechin having a predetermined concentration was added thereto to breed trough pufferfish. Thirty fish of 700-800 g adult fish were put in the aquarium, and a comparative experiment was conducted by changing the epigallocatechin concentration in seawater. As the epigallocatechin-containing substance, Tansenone 100S (epigallocatechin content 60%) manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd. is used, and this product is colored brown.
循環システムを備えた水槽では、海水の浄化に合わせてエピガロカテキン濃度が低下するから、エピガロカテキン濃度を維持する手段が必要となる。本実施例の飼育方法では、水槽に所定濃度のエピガロカテキンを投入混合し、茶色になった海水が目視で透明になった時(約3日後)に、初回と同量のエピガロカテキンを投入混合し、以後この作業を繰り返して海水中のエピガロカテキン濃度を維持した。 In an aquarium equipped with a circulation system, the epigallocatechin concentration decreases with the purification of seawater, so means for maintaining the epigallocatechin concentration is required. In the breeding method of the present example, when epigallocatechin of a predetermined concentration is charged and mixed in the aquarium, and the brown seawater becomes transparent visually (after about 3 days), the same amount of epigallocatechin as the first time is added. Then, this operation was repeated to maintain the epigallocatechin concentration in the seawater.
表2に示すように、海水1トンに対して60%エピガロカテキンを0.5g(エピガロカテキン濃度0.3ppm)混合した水槽では、1週間以上経過しても寄生虫の駆除効果は現れなかった。 As shown in Table 2, in a water tank in which 0.5 g (epigallocatechin concentration 0.3 ppm) of 60% epigallocatechin is mixed with 1 ton of seawater, the parasite control effect appears even after 1 week or more. There wasn't.
海水1トンに対して60%エピガロカテキンを1.0g(エピガロカテキン濃度0.6ppm)混合した水槽では、4日目に寄生虫の駆除効果が現れ始め、9日目で寄生虫を完全に駆除することができた。また、カビの発生も抑止することができた。
また、海水1トンに対して60%エピガロカテキンを1.5g(エピガロカテキン濃度0.9ppm)混合した水槽では、2日目に寄生虫の駆除効果が現れ始め、7日目で寄生虫を完全に駆除することができた。
In a tank where 1.0 g of 60% epigallocatechin is mixed with 1 ton of seawater (epigallocatechin concentration 0.6 ppm), the parasite control effect begins to appear on the 4th day, and the parasite is completely removed on the 9th day. I was able to get rid of it. In addition, the occurrence of mold was able to be suppressed.
In addition, in a tank in which 1.5 g of 60% epigallocatechin (epigallocatechin concentration: 0.9 ppm) is mixed with 1 ton of seawater, the parasite control effect begins to appear on the second day, and the parasite appears on the seventh day. Was completely exterminated.
一方、海水1トンに対して60%エピガロカテキンを2.0g(エピガロカテキン濃度1.2ppm)混合した水槽では、2日目で30%の寄生虫を駆除することができるが、2回目のエピガロカテキン投入後の4日目に約半数の魚が死亡した。2回目以降のエピガロカテキンの投入時に、海水中に僅かにエピガロカテキンが残存していると考えられることから、2回目以降に投入するエピガロカテキンの量を初回投入量の7〜8割にすることが好ましい。この手段により、海水に対してエピガロカテキンを1.2ppmの重量比まで混合することができる。 On the other hand, in a tank in which 2.0 g of 60% epigallocatechin (1.2 g of epigallocatechin concentration) is mixed with 1 ton of seawater, 30% of parasites can be controlled on the second day. About half of the fish died on the fourth day after the introduction of epigallocatechin. When epigallocatechin is introduced for the second time and thereafter, it is considered that a slight amount of epigallocatechin remains in the seawater. Therefore, the amount of epigallocatechin to be introduced after the second time is 70 to 80% of the initial amount. It is preferable to make it. By this means, epigallocatechin can be mixed up to a weight ratio of 1.2 ppm with respect to seawater.
水槽内の海水は、PH8.3、アンモニア濃度0.1ppm、亜硝酸濃度0.1ppmで変化なく、エピガロカテキン投入後も循環システムのバクテリアが機能していることが示された。エピガロカテキンは、循環水槽のバクテリアに全く影響を及ぼさないことが分かった。 The seawater in the aquarium remained unchanged at pH 8.3, ammonia concentration 0.1 ppm, and nitrous acid concentration 0.1 ppm, indicating that the bacteria in the circulatory system were functioning even after the epigallocatechin was charged. Epigallocatechin was found to have no effect on the bacteria in the circulating aquarium.
また、水槽に塩分濃度5‰の海水と塩分濃度25‰の海水を入れて、同じ実験を行ったが、海水の塩分濃度に影響を受けず同様の結果が得られた。従って、本飼育方法は、低塩分濃度の5‰から通常の海水濃度の35‰までの海水において使用可能なことが分かった。 In addition, the same experiment was performed by putting seawater with a salinity of 5 ‰ and seawater with a salinity of 25 ‰ in the water tank, but the same result was obtained without being affected by the salinity of the seawater. Therefore, it was found that this breeding method can be used in seawater from a low salinity of 5 ‰ to a normal seawater concentration of 35 ‰.
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