JP4990693B2 - Split groove structure of collet for chuck - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a split groove structure of a collet for chucks used for fixing a work in a lathe or the like.

A conventional chuck collet is known in which a plurality of spiral slits in a direction opposite to the rotation direction in use are formed in a work gripping portion of the collet (see Patent Document 1), and is composed of a split collet. There is known one in which a tapered surface is formed on the inner periphery of the collet, a workpiece contact portion is formed on the outer periphery, and an O-ring for urging the split collet member in the diameter reducing direction (see Patent Document 2).
JP-A-9-103903 Japanese Patent No. 3342835

  However, although the conventional chuck collet split groove structure can increase the gripping force of the workpiece, the split groove has a cross-sectional shape parallel to the outer peripheral direction from the center. It is difficult to take out the processing waste that has entered the split groove in a press-fitted state, and it takes time to clean the processing waste, and if the processing waste remains in the split groove, the workpiece surface will be damaged when the next workpiece is gripped. There was a problem.

Further, in the collet of Patent Document 1 above, the processing waste remains in the spiral split groove, and the collet of Patent Document 2 is urged in the direction of diameter reduction by the O-ring, so the workpiece is removed. However, since the cross-sectional area of the split groove does not widen, there is a problem that the machining waste remains.
The present invention solves or improves these problems, and provides a split collet structure for a collet for chucks that can easily discharge the machining waste that has entered the split groove.

In the packaging box equipment storage structure of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, firstly, a tapered surface 9 serving as a guide surface for enlarging / reducing the diameter of the workpiece gripping portion 4, 32 at the distal end on the distal peripheral surface, 36, the base end portion is provided with mounting portions 2 and 34 to be attached to the machine tool, and the gripping portions 4 and 32 have a plurality of split grooves 7 and 38 that allow the diameter of the gripping portions 4 and 32 to be enlarged or reduced. The collet for chuck provided from the center toward the outside , wherein the tapered surfaces 9 and 36 are formed on one of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the collets 1 and 31, and the collet 1 , 31 on the other peripheral surface of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral surface, a surface for gripping the workpiece W is formed, and the section of the split grooves 7, 38 is inclined toward the surface for gripping the workpiece W It is characterized by being formed so as to spread.

  Secondly, the tapered surface 9 is formed on the cylindrical inner peripheral surface side of the collet 1, and the outer diameter surface of the workpiece gripping end 4a is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece W so as to have a diameter expansion gripping type. It is a feature.

  Third, the tapered surface 36 is formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface side of the collet 31, and the reduced diameter gripping type is configured to insert and grip the end portion of the workpiece W on the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece gripping end 32a. It is said.

  According to the present invention configured as described above, in the diameter-clamping collet, by attaching a gradient that expands toward the outer periphery to the section of the split groove, machining scraps that enter the split groove during processing by rotating the workpiece are generated. Failure due to being easily discharged to the outside and discharged to the outside by the centrifugal force given by its rotation, leaving the work waste in the split groove (for example, the collet diameter expansion / reduction operation with the remaining work waste) Or the need for labor to remove and clean) is improved.

  In addition, the collet of reduced diameter grip type has a slope that spreads toward the center in the section of the split groove, so that it is difficult for clogged work waste to be clogged, it is easy to be discharged into the hollow space inside, and at the moment when the workpiece is removed Also, there is an advantage that it is easily discharged from the inside of the dividing groove due to the expansion of the sectional area of the dividing groove.

  Hereinafter, a collet of a diameter-enlarged gripping type that grips the collet of the present invention by enlarging the collet and bringing it into contact with the inner periphery of the workpiece W will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view. The collet 1 for chuck according to the present invention is provided with a flange-like attachment portion 2 for attachment to a machine tool at a base end portion, and a flange-like workpiece gripping portion 4 is provided at the tip via a cylindrical portion 3.

  The workpiece gripping portion 4 is formed with a plurality of split grooves 7 that allow the workpiece gripping end 4 a that is the outer peripheral end of the workpiece gripping portion 4 to be enlarged and reduced, and the section of the split groove 7 faces the outside of the workpiece gripping portion 4. It is formed in a fan shape spreading with a gradient. In this example, as shown in FIG. 3, six split grooves 7 are formed every 60 °.

  At the workpiece gripping end 4a on the outer periphery of the workpiece gripping portion 4, a replacement claw 8 having an arc-shaped gripping surface that grips the workpiece W by being brought into contact with the inner peripheral side of the workpiece when gripping the workpiece W is detachable by a bolt 8a. Installed. In addition, a tapered surface 9 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the workpiece gripping portion 4 to serve as a guide surface for expanding the diameter of the workpiece gripping end 4a. As shown in FIG. 4, the tapered surface 9 is formed so as to become narrower toward the tip side.

  The cylindrical portion 3 is formed with a plurality of holes 11 or slits 11 in the axial direction at predetermined intervals. As shown in FIG. 2, the dividing groove 7 extends from the flange-shaped workpiece gripping portion 4 to the hole 11. Is formed. Six holes 11 are provided every 60 ° corresponding to the split grooves 7. The mounting portion 2 has a bolt hole 12 for attaching and detaching the machine tool with a bolt.

  Next, the state of attachment to a machine tool such as a lathe will be described with reference to FIG. 4 which is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. In the collet 1, a connecting member 13 is attached by a bolt 12 a via an attaching portion 2 of the collet 1, and the connecting member 13 is connected to a draw rod 16 which is a collet operating member by a bolt 14, so that the collet 1 can be slid (FIG. 4). In the horizontal direction).

  On the outer peripheral side of the collet 1, the connecting member 13, and the draw rod 16, a main shaft portion 17, a mounting ring 18 and a sleeve 19 are successively arranged on the same core in order from the proximal end side toward the distal end. 21 is detachably attached.

  Inside the collet 1, a core 22 having a tapered surface 22 a for enlarging the workpiece gripping end 4 a of the workpiece gripping portion 4 of the collet 1 on the distal end side is provided, and the core 22 has a flange-like shape on the proximal end side. An attachment portion 22 b is formed, and the attachment portion 22 b is attached to the attachment ring 18 with bolts 21.

  Between the outer peripheral surface of the mounting portion 2 of the collet 1 fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 19, an O-ring 23 is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the core 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the mounting portion 2 of the collet 1. O-rings 24 are respectively provided. Further, a contact member 26 for axial positioning with respect to the workpiece W is provided on the front end side of the sleeve 19 by a bolt 26a. The corresponding member 26 is configured to be detachable according to the shape of the workpiece W.

Next, a method for gripping the workpiece W will be described. The base end portion of the work W is brought into contact with the contact member 26 and is fitted into the work gripping portion 4 of the collet 1. The collet 1 connected to the coupling member 13 by pulling the draw rod 16 in a ₁ direction by hydraulic or the like is also pulled a ₁ direction.

Since the tapered surface 22a and the tapered surface 9 of the workpiece holding portion 4 of the collet 1 of the core 22 is in contact, by the collet 1 as described above is pulled in a ₁ direction, the workpiece grip portion 4 of the collet 1 an enlarged diameter in a ₂ direction, the workpiece gripper end 4a of the workpiece holding portion 4 to the inner peripheral portion of the workpiece W has a structure in which contact with the workpiece W is gripped.

When removing the workpiece W, by pushing back the draw rod 16 b ₁ direction, the collet 1 is also pushed back into b ₁ direction, the workpiece gripper end 4a of the workpiece holding portion 4 is reduced in diameter in the b ₂ direction, the workpiece W Is configured to be removed. Then, the machining waste clogged in the dividing groove 7 due to the processing of the workpiece W is discharged to the outside by the fan-shaped dividing groove 7 and further discharged to the outside by the centrifugal force given by the rotation of the collet 1.

  Next, based on the plan view of FIG. 5 and the sectional view of FIG. The collet 31 includes a workpiece gripping portion 32, a cylindrical portion 33, and an attachment portion 34. Further, a tapered surface 36 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the work gripping portion 32 so that the diameter increases toward the tip end side (see FIG. 6), and the inner peripheral work gripping end 32a corresponds to the outer diameter of the work W. A replaceable replacement claw 37 is attached by a bolt 37a.

  The work gripping portion 32 of the collet 31 is formed with a dividing groove 38 that allows a reduction operation of the work gripping end 32a in a fan shape that spreads inwardly with a gradient. In this case, as shown in the plan view of FIG.

  A piston 41 is attached as a collet operating member by a bolt 39 on the base end side of the collet 31, an inner sleeve 42 attached to a main shaft (not shown) is provided on the inner peripheral side of the collet 31, and a distal end is provided on the outer peripheral side. An outer sleeve 43 having a tapered surface 43 a is provided on the inner peripheral surface side, and the inner sleeve 42 and the outer sleeve 43 are fixed by bolts 44.

  An O-ring 46 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mounting portion 32 of the collet 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 43, and an O-ring 47 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 41 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 43. It has been. A contact member 48 of the work W is attached to the front end side of the inner sleeve 42 by a bolt 48a.

Next, a method for gripping the workpiece W will be described. The base end of the workpiece W is brought into contact with the contact member 48 and the workpiece W is fitted on the inner peripheral surface (work gripping end 32 a) side of the replacement claw 37 of the workpiece gripping portion 32. The piston 41 stroke collet 31 attached to the piston 41 in a ₁ direction by a stroke in a ₁ direction by a hydraulic or the like, by contact with the tapered surface 36,43a workpiece holding portion 32 of the collet 31 is a ₂ way The diameter is reduced in the direction of diameter reduction of the workpiece gripping portion 32, and the workpiece W is gripped.

When removing the workpiece W, by pushing back the piston 41 b ₁ direction, the collet 31 is also pushed back into b ₁ direction, the workpiece grip portion 32 is expanded in diameter b ₂ direction, remove the workpiece W. Then, when the workpiece W is removed, the machining waste clogged by the workpiece W is discharged from the fan-shaped dividing groove 38 to the internal hollow space.

It is a perspective view of the collet for chucks of the present invention. It is a front view of the collet for chucks of the present invention. It is a top view of the collet for chucks of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 showing a state where the diameter-enlarged gripping type collet for chucking according to the present invention is attached to a machine tool. It is a top view which shows the attachment state to the machine tool of the collet for chuck | zipper of the diameter decreasing type | mold of this invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 5 showing a state where the reduced diameter gripping type collet for chuck according to the present invention is attached to a machine tool.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Collet 2 Mounting part 4 Work holding part 4a Work holding end 7 Split groove 9 Tapered surface 31 Collet 32 Work holding part 32a Work holding end 34 Mounting part 38 Split groove 36 Tapered surface W Workpiece

Claims (3)

The tip side peripheral surface has tapered surfaces (9) and (36) that serve as guide surfaces for expanding and reducing the diameter of the tip workpiece gripping portions (4) and (32), and is attached to the machine tool at the base end portion. Parts (2) and (34), and the gripping parts (4) and (32) have a plurality of split grooves (7) and (7) that allow an operation of enlarging or reducing the diameter of the gripping parts (4) and (32). 38) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral surface of the collet (1), (31) on the tapered surface (9), (36) is formed, and a surface for gripping the workpiece (W) is formed on the other peripheral surface of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface or outer peripheral surface of the collets (1) and (31), and the split groove (7 ), cross section, the collet for forming the chuck so as to spread a gradient toward the surface for gripping the workpiece (W) in (38) The split groove structure.   A diameter-enlarged gripping type in which the tapered surface (9) is formed on the cylindrical inner peripheral surface side of the collet (1), and the outer peripheral surface of the work gripping end (4a) is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the work (W). The split groove structure of the collet for chuck according to claim 1.   A reduced diameter gripping type in which a tapered surface (36) is formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface side of the collet (31), and the end of the work (W) is inserted and gripped on the inner peripheral surface of the work gripping end (32a). The split groove structure of the collet for chuck according to claim 1.

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