JP5000217B2 - Method and apparatus for crushing rocks and structures - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel method and apparatus for crushing rock, structure and the like, which can crush rocks and the like by taking advantage of the pressure of gas generated by instantaneously decomposing ammonium nitrate as a single substance, is exempt from the Explosives Control Law, and is excellent in freedom of execution. <P>SOLUTION: In this crushing method, ammonium nitrate as a main crushing agent 6 was filled into a loading hole H provided in an object R to be crushed. A heating agent 5, which can cause a thermit reaction is disposed adjacent to the main crushing agent 6. An ignition tool 4 is disposed adjacent to the heating agent 5, and the loading hole H is closed. The ignition tool 4 is energized to cause a thermit reaction in the heating agent 5 and thus to allow ammonium nitrate to be decomposed within the loading hole H by taking advantage of reaction heat of a very high temperature generated by the reaction. The object R to be crushed is crushed by the pressure of the decomposition gas. This crushing method can decompose ammonium nitrate rapidly and reliably, and rapidly increasing the pressure within the loading hole H can realize crushing of rocks, structures and the like in a safe, reliable, and inexpensive manner. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for crushing rocks, structures, etc., and uses ammonium nitrate that is stable against impacts and is difficult to explode, although it is a dangerous substance. This ammonium nitrate is rapidly decomposed and decomposed. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for crushing rocks, structures, etc. by gas pressure.

Conventionally, as a method for crushing rocks, concrete structures, etc., a method suitable for the purpose, use environment, and use conditions has been selected from the following methods.
First, explosives (explosive explosives, hydrous explosives, dynamite, etc.) using explosives such as explosives and explosives have a merit that they are cost-effective, while legal regulations (explosives) Therefore, there is a demerit that the degree of freedom of construction will be reduced because it is necessary to fully consider the impact on safety and the surrounding environment in urban areas. In addition, if an unexpected rock appears during the construction work, it will take time to obtain permission even if you apply for the explosives consumption permit. Sometimes I was forced to do it.

  The method using a crushing agent using vapor pressure is to vaporize the crystal water of a chemical substance containing crystal water (such as potassium alum) by heat and crush rocks / structures with the vapor pressure. Since it is not subject to the Class Enforcement Law, there is a merit that there is a degree of freedom in the legal system in construction, but there is a demerit that cost effectiveness is inferior.

  Furthermore, the method using the lime-based static crushing agent uses the expansion pressure when the quick lime that reacts with water expands, and is subject to the explosives control method in the same manner as the method using the crushing agent using the vapor pressure. Therefore, there is a merit that there is a degree of freedom in the legal system in construction, but there is a demerit that it takes tens of minutes to several hours to obtain a sufficient effect.

  Furthermore, the method using hydraulic machines using wedges, blows, etc. is not subject to the Explosives Control Law, so there is a merit that there is a degree of freedom in the legal system in construction, but on the other hand, work efficiency is bad, There is also a demerit that noise / vibration occurs for a long time, or a demerit that work cannot be applied in a place where heavy work equipment cannot be accessed.

  In this way, looking at the current methods, for example, it is suitable for use in places where the influence on the surrounding environment must be fully considered, such as urban areas, and the method with excellent flexibility in construction has been sufficiently elucidated. It is difficult to say, and in such a usage environment, restrictions are severe, and there is a preconception that cost increase is unavoidable in order to cope with this, so to speak, a method ignoring cost was adopted.

By the way, ammonium nitrate, which is a raw material for the above-mentioned ammonium nitrate explosive, is also used as a fertilizer and can be obtained at a very low cost.
Ammonium nitrate is a substance that is stable against impacts and friction and hardly explodes if it is a simple substance. For example, it has been experimentally performed to detonate by detonating a No. 6 detonator with an explosive. However, it has not been implemented practically (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). That is, crushing rocks, structures and the like using ammonium nitrate alone has not been practically performed.
Therefore, the present applicant uses ammonium nitrate, which can be obtained at a low cost and is safe in a single state, and is not subject to the Explosives Control Law while having sufficient crushing performance, and performs construction with a high degree of freedom. We started to develop a crushing technique that can be provided at low cost.
JP 2005-132636 A Industrial explosives vol. 52, 1991 No. 4, pp. 285-290, Satoshi Miyake and Teruo Ogawa, research paper “Study on non-ideal detonation of Niban (1st report)”

  The present invention has been made from such a background, and can crush rocks and the like using gas pressure generated by instantaneously decomposing single ammonium nitrate, and is subject to the Explosives Control Law. The technical issue is the development of crushing methods and equipment for new rocks and structures that are outside and have excellent construction flexibility.

That is, in the method for crushing rocks, structures and the like according to claim 1, the charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate which is a crushing main agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is adjacent to the crushing main agent. Further, the ignition tool is arranged so as to be adjacent to the heating agent, the loading hole is blocked, and the ignition tool is energized to cause a thermite reaction to the heating agent. the reaction heat to decompose ammonium nitrate in the loading hole in disruption methods of rock and structures like you crush an object to be crushed by the pressure of the decomposition gas, adjacent in the state where the ammonium nitrate the heating agent, by stacking Furthermore, a flame guide hole extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the ammonium nitrate .
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be decomposed quickly and reliably by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and the pressure in the filling hole is rapidly increased by this decomposition gas, so that rocks, structures, etc. Can be safely and reliably performed.
Since both ammonium nitrate and heating agent are not subject to the explosives control law, construction with excellent flexibility can be realized.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the workability can be improved because the charging hole can be easily filled with ammonium nitrate and a heating agent.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the heat receiving area of ammonium nitrate is increased, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to the entire area of ammonium nitrate in a short time, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate can be performed more quickly and reliably. Can do.

In addition to the above requirements, the crushing method for rocks, structures, etc. according to claim 2 is characterized in that a flame diffusion surface is formed on the adjacent surface of the heating agent with ammonium nitrate. .
According to this invention, since the heat transfer area from the heating agent to ammonium nitrate is increased, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to the ammonium nitrate side, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate is performed more quickly and reliably. be able to.

Furthermore, in the method for crushing rocks and structures according to claim 3 , the charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing main agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is adjacent to the crushing main agent. Further, an ignition tool is arranged so as to be adjacent to the heating agent, the loading hole is blocked, and the heating agent is energized to cause a thermite reaction, thereby generating an extremely high temperature. In the crushing method for rocks, structures, etc. in which ammonium nitrate is decomposed in the loading hole by the reaction heat of the crushing and crushing object is crushed by the pressure of the decomposition gas, the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are adjacent in a stacked state And a flame diffusion surface is formed on a surface adjacent to ammonium nitrate in the heating agent .
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be decomposed quickly and reliably by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and the pressure in the filling hole is rapidly increased by this decomposition gas, so that rocks, structures, etc. Can be safely and reliably performed.
Since both ammonium nitrate and heating agent are not subject to the explosives control law, construction with excellent flexibility can be realized.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore , according to the present invention, the workability can be improved because the charging hole can be easily filled with ammonium nitrate and a heating agent.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the heat transfer area from the heating agent to ammonium nitrate is increased, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to the ammonium nitrate side, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate can be performed more quickly and reliably. Can be done.

Furthermore, in the method for crushing rocks and structures according to claim 4 , the charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is adjacent to the crushing agent. Further, an ignition tool is arranged so as to be adjacent to the heating agent, the loading hole is blocked, and the heating agent is energized to cause a thermite reaction, thereby generating an extremely high temperature. In the crushing method for rocks, structures, etc. in which ammonium nitrate is decomposed in the loading hole by the reaction heat of the crushing and crushing object is crushed by the pressure of the decomposition gas, the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are adjacent in a stacked state The heating agent is positioned in a core extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate .
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be decomposed quickly and reliably by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and the pressure in the filling hole is rapidly increased by this decomposition gas, so that rocks, structures, etc. Can be safely and reliably performed.
Since both ammonium nitrate and heating agent are not subject to the explosives control law, construction with excellent flexibility can be realized.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the workability can be improved because the charging hole can be easily filled with ammonium nitrate and a heating agent.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the decomposition time of ammonium nitrate, reduce the variation in operation time, and improve the reliability of crushing.

Furthermore, the method for crushing rocks, structures and the like according to claim 5 includes the heating agent adjacent to the ammonium nitrate in a laminated state with respect to the ammonium nitrate in the longitudinal direction in addition to the requirements of claim 4. It is characterized in that the core-like heating agent extending in the contact is brought into contact directly or through a thin film.
According to the present invention, the thermite reaction generated in the adjacent heating agent in a state of being laminated on the ammonium nitrate by the ignition tool is quickly linked to the core heating agent extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate. And the operation time can be shortened.

Furthermore, in the method for crushing rocks and structures according to claim 6, in addition to the requirements of the claim, the ammonium nitrate and the heating agent are filled in a casing to form a crushing cylinder, and this crushing cylinder is loaded. It is characterized by being inserted into the hole.
According to this invention, the preparatory work in the field can be simplified by bringing the preliminarily formed crushing cylinder into the field.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing apparatus for rocks, structures and the like, wherein a cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state. The heating agent and ammonium nitrate are filled adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the casing, and a flame guide hole extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the ammonium nitrate. It consists of.
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be quickly and reliably decomposed by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and rocks and structures can be crushed safely and reliably with this decomposition gas. .
In addition, since ammonium nitrate and a heating agent that are not subject to the explosives control method are used, it is possible to achieve construction with excellent flexibility.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the crushing apparatus can be easily manufactured by sequentially filling the casing with the heating agent and ammonium nitrate.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the heat receiving area of ammonium nitrate is increased, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to the entire area of ammonium nitrate, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate can be performed more quickly and reliably. .

Furthermore, in the crushing apparatus for rocks and structures according to claim 8, the cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a hermetically sealed state. An ignition tool is provided, and the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are filled adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the casing, and the center of the ammonium nitrate is filled with the heating agent in a core shape extending in the longitudinal direction. The heating agent adjacent to the ammonium nitrate in the longitudinal direction of the casing and the core-like heating agent extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate are in contact with each other directly or through a thin film. Is.
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be quickly and reliably decomposed by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and rocks and structures can be crushed safely and reliably with this decomposition gas. .
In addition, since ammonium nitrate and a heating agent that are not subject to the explosives control method are used, it is possible to achieve construction with excellent flexibility.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the crushing apparatus can be easily manufactured by sequentially filling the casing with the heating agent and ammonium nitrate.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the decomposition time of ammonium nitrate, reduce the variation in the operation time, and improve the reliability of the operation of the crushing medicine cylinder.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the thermite reaction generated in the heating agent adjacent to the ammonium nitrate in the longitudinal direction of the ammonium nitrate by the ignition tool is quickly linked to the core heating agent extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate. It is possible to shorten the operation time of the crushing barrel.

Furthermore, in the rock and structure crushing device according to claim 9, in addition to the requirements of claim 7 or 8 , the heating agent has a flame diffusion surface formed on the adjacent surface with ammonium nitrate. It is characterized by being.
According to this invention, since the heat transfer area to ammonium nitrate increases, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to ammonium nitrate, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate can be performed more quickly and reliably.

Furthermore, in the crushing apparatus for rocks and structures according to claim 10, the cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a hermetically sealed state. An ignition tool is provided, and the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are filled adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the casing, and the heating agent has a flame spreading surface with respect to the adjacent surface with ammonium nitrate. It is characterized by this.
According to the present invention, ammonium nitrate can be quickly and reliably decomposed by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat obtained by the thermite reaction, and rocks and structures can be crushed safely and reliably with this decomposition gas. .
In addition, since ammonium nitrate and a heating agent that are not subject to the explosives control method are used, it is possible to achieve construction with excellent flexibility.
Furthermore, since both ammonium nitrate and a heating agent can be obtained at a low cost, the construction cost for crushing can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the crushing apparatus can be easily manufactured by sequentially filling the casing with the heating agent and ammonium nitrate.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the heat transfer area to ammonium nitrate is increased, the reaction heat of the heating agent can be efficiently transferred to ammonium nitrate, and the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate can be performed more quickly and reliably. it can.
The above problems can be solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims as a means.

  According to the present invention, rocks and the like can be crushed using the pressure of gas generated by instantly decomposing single ammonium nitrate by ultra high temperature, and new rocks and structures having excellent construction flexibility. Can be provided at low cost.

  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. However, the embodiments can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. In the following explanation, first, the configuration of the crushing apparatus for rocks and structures will be explained, and then the crushing method for rocks and structures will be explained.

What is indicated by a symbol E in the figure is a crushing cylinder which is a crushing device for rocks, structures, etc. of the present invention, which is a cylindrical casing 1 and a canopy 2 which closes both openings 11 and 12 of the casing 1. And a bottom lid 3.
An ignition tool 4 is attached to the bottom lid 3, and the casing 1 is filled with a heating agent 5 and a crushing main agent 6 with a partition 7 interposed therebetween.

Hereinafter, the constituent elements of the crushing barrel E will be described in detail.
First, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the casing 1 is a cylindrical body made of synthetic resin or metal having a diameter of about 30 mm and a length of about 200 mm as an example, and a range of about 20 mm from one opening 11. Is a small diameter portion 11a having a diameter of about 20 mm, and a lid stopper 12a is formed on the side peripheral portion in the vicinity of the other opening 12. In addition, you may make it make the diameter of the casing 1 into the same dimension over the whole region, without providing the thin diameter part 11a exceptionally.

Next, the canopy 2 will be described. This is a cylindrical member with one end face closed, and is fitted on the end of the casing 1 on the side where the opening 12 is formed. The canopy 2 may be fitted into the opening 12 of the casing 1.
The bottom cover 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 which is a cylindrical member whose one end face is closed, and an inner cylinder 32 which is a cylindrical member whose one bottom face is also closed. The insertion port 33 is formed by connecting the hole formed in the bottom plate of the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32. The outer cylinder 31 is fitted on the small diameter portion 11 of the casing 1 and the inner cylinder 32 enters the casing 1.
Note that the casing 1 and the bottom lid 3 may be integrally formed in advance.
In this embodiment, the casing 1, the canopy 2 and the bottom lid 3 are formed of synthetic resin (polypropylene as an example) having a thickness of about 1 mm as an example.

Next, the ignition tool 4 will be described. This is an electric ignition device, and when a lead wire 41 is energized, an appropriate heating element generates heat, and the ignition is installed in the ignition tool by the generated heat. The gunpowder will ignite.
In this embodiment, as the igniting agent provided in the igniting tool 4, a non-explosive like the heating agent 5 and a substance that exhibits a thermite reaction is further employed. High sensitivity is used.
Further, in this embodiment, the shape of the igniter 4 is tubular, and the igniter 4 is filled in the casing 1 by being inserted into the insertion port 33 while the bottom cover 3 is attached to the casing 1. It will be located substantially inside the heating agent 5 to be performed.

Next, the heating agent 5 will be described. This is a substance that exhibits a thermite reaction (metal redox reaction) that generates heat close to 3000 ° C. while being non-explosive. It is a mixed one.
In this embodiment, as an example, the heating agent 5 is prepared by mixing iron oxide powder and aluminum powder in a ratio (weight ratio) of 75:25.
In addition to the above combinations, there are various substances exhibiting the thermite reaction, such as copper oxide and aluminum, and appropriate ones can be adopted.

Next, the crushing main agent 6 will be described. In the present invention, ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) is adopted, which dissociates into nitric acid and ammonia from around 100 ° C., and reaches 250 to 260 ° C. It is said that decomposition as shown in Chemical Formula 1 occurs explosively. Further, when ammonium nitrate is decomposed, as shown in the following chemical formula 1, all the components are gasified and have no property of solid residue.

By the way, from 1 kilogram of ammonium nitrate, 980 liters of gas is produced under standard conditions.
Ammonium nitrate is often used as a raw material for explosives because it contains a large amount of oxygen, and it is widely used as a raw material for hydrous explosives, dynamite, ammon explosives, etc., in addition to becoming a ammonium nitrate explosive by adding light oil.
However, although ammonium nitrate alone is dangerous, it is stable against impacts and friction and does not explode. It is used as a raw material for explosives, and as a fertilizer and cryogen, and is subject to the Explosives Control Law. It will be outside.
In addition, although the said ammonium nitrate employ | adopted the prill-like (porous granular form) thing as an example, you may employ | adopt what is called a powder form and granular ammonium nitrate.

  Next, the partition material 7 will be described. This material is interposed between the heating agent 5 and the crushing main agent 6 in the casing 1, and in this embodiment, a foamed resin having a thickness of about 2 mm is used as an example. The partition 71 is formed in a shape, and a hollow tube 72 formed of vinyl chloride or the like is provided at the center of the partition 71.

When forming the crushing medicine cylinder E with these members, as shown in FIG. 4A, the bottom lid 3 is attached to the casing 1 and the bottom lid 3 is disposed below.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4B, a predetermined amount of the heating agent 5 is filled into the casing 1 until the inner cylinder 32 is buried. In this case, the heating agent 5 may be partly pressure-molded in advance.
Next, as shown in FIG.4 (c), the partition material 7 is mounted with respect to the said heating agent 5 so that the hollow tube 72 may become upper.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4D, a predetermined amount of the crushing main agent 6 is filled into the casing 1 until the hollow tube 72 is buried. At this time, the opening of the hollow tube 72 is heat sealed or covered with a cellophane tape or the like so that the crushing main agent 6 does not enter the hollow tube 72.
Finally, the canopy 2 is attached, and the igniting tool 4 is inserted into the insertion port 33 at the site to complete the crushing medicine cylinder E.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing barrel E formed as described above is filled in a casing 1 with ammonium nitrate as a crushing main agent 6 and a heating agent 5 exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state. Further, the heating agent 5 and ammonium nitrate are filled adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the casing 1.
Further, a flame guide hole 61 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the ammonium nitrate.

In this embodiment, the flame guide hole 61 is formed so that the heat generated by the thermite reaction of the heating agent 5 can be transferred to the crushing main agent 6 with high efficiency. Thus, as an example of the heating agent 5 as shown in FIG. 5A, a conical flame spreading surface 51 may be formed at a location adjacent to the crushing main agent 6.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the flame guiding hole 61 is formed in the crushing main agent 6, and the contiguous portion with the heating agent 5 is formed as a conical flame guiding surface 62 as an example. The heat receiving area may be increased to promote the decomposition reaction of ammonium nitrate.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5C, both the flame spreading surface 51 and the flame guiding surface 62 may be formed.
If the heat generation amount of the heating agent 5 can be sufficiently secured, it is possible not to form the flame diffusion surface 51, the flame introduction hole 61, and the flame introduction surface 62 as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 (e), the heating agent 5 and ammonium nitrate as the crushing main agent 6 are filled adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the casing 1, and further, the center of the crushing main agent 6 extends in the longitudinal direction. A configuration in which the heating agent 5A is filled in a core shape can also be adopted.
Incidentally, when such a configuration is adopted, the contact area between the crushing main agent 6 and the substance that exhibits the thermite reaction (heating agent 5, heating agent 5A) increases, so the decomposition time of ammonium nitrate is shortened, and the crushing agent It is possible to reduce the variation in the operation time of the cylinder E and improve the reliability of the operation of the crushing cylinder E.
In particular, when a plurality of crushing cylinders E are simultaneously fired, the generated crushing cylinders E that have been operated earlier dissipate the generated gas from the cracks generated in the loading holes H, so that the action of the subsequent crushing cylinders E is effective. It is possible to avoid the phenomenon that it is lowered as much as possible.
Further, by bringing the heating agent 5 and the heating agent 5A into contact with each other directly or through the thin film 73, the thermite reaction generated in the heating agent 5 by the ignition tool 4 can be quickly linked to the heating agent 5A. It is possible to further shorten the operating time of the crushing barrel E.

In addition, when forming the crushing medicine cylinder E shown to Fig.5 (a), (d), the said hollow punch 72 becomes unnecessary.
When forming the crushing medicine cylinder E shown in FIG. 5E, the heating agent 5 is filled in the hollow rod 72.
3B, a hole 71a is formed at the center of the partition 71, and the hole 71a is closed with a thin film 73 such as cellophane tape, so that the heating agent 5 and the heating agent 5A are connected to the thin film 73. If the thin film 73 is not provided, the heating agent 5 and the heating agent 5A can be directly brought into contact with each other.

By the way, as a form of the said crushing medicine cylinder E, what was shown in FIG. 7 can also be taken. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 7A, a cylindrical body having a vent hole 7a formed in the side periphery is used as a partition 71, and platinum serving as an ignition member in the partition 71 is used. The wire 8 is disposed and the heating agent 5 is filled, and this is further disposed in the casing 1 as shown in FIG. 7B, and the crushing main agent 6 is filled.
In the crushing barrel E formed as described above, the casing 1 is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing main agent 6 and a heating agent 5 exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state, and further the heating agent 5 is converted into ammonium nitrate. These are surrounded and filled in adjacently.

  The crushing cartridge C as a crushing device for rocks, structures, etc. of the present invention is constituted as described above as an example, and the crushing of rocks, structures, etc. of the present invention will be described below together with the use mode of these. A method will be described.

(1) Formation of loading hole First, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the loading hole H is formed in the object R to be crushed, and the resistance is appropriately selected according to the size and shape of the object R to be crushed. Try to select line and depth.

(2) Setting of igniter and loading of crushed medicine cylinder Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the igniter 4 is set to the insertion port 33 in the crushed medicine cylinder E, and this crushed medicine cylinder E is illustrated. As shown in 6 (c) and (d), the material is loaded into the loading holes H formed in the object to be crushed R. In this case, the loading direction of the crushing medicine cylinder E into the loading hole H may be a direction in which the crushing main agent 6 is positioned below or a direction in which it is positioned above.

(3) Filling of the filling material Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (e), the loading hole H is filled with the filling material M, and as shown in FIG. A crushing barrel E containing a certain ammonium nitrate and a heating agent 5 exhibiting a thermite reaction is positioned in the loading hole H in a sealed state. In addition, mortar, sand, etc. are used as the filling material M. When mortar is used, the setting and hardening of the mortar is promoted by mixing a quick setting agent mainly composed of sodium silicate. Thus, the working time may be shortened.

(4) Ignition Next, when the ignition device 4 is energized by an ignition device (not shown), the ignition agent inside the ignition device 4 is ignited, and the heating agent 5 causes a thermite reaction by the heat, and an extremely high temperature heat of reaction near 3000 ° C. Will occur.
This ultra-high temperature reaction heat is efficiently transferred to the entire crushing agent 6 through the flame guide hole 61 in a short time, and the ammonium nitrate as the crushing agent 6 is decomposed by this reaction heat, and all the gas is gasified and rapidly expanded. As shown in FIG. 1, the cracked body R is cracked by the pressure of the cracked gas and is divided into a plurality of small pieces.
In the case of the crushing cylinder E shown in FIG. 5 (e), the thermite reaction caused by the heating agent 5 by the ignition tool 4 can be quickly linked to the heating agent 5A, and the operating time of the crushing cylinder E is shortened. It becomes possible to make it.

  In the above-described embodiment, the heating agent 5 and the crushing main agent 6 are filled in the casing 1 to form the crushing medicine cylinder E, and the crushing medicine cylinder E is inserted into the loading hole. Then, the heating agent 5 and the crushing main agent 6 may be directly filled.

It is a perspective view which shows partially the usage pattern of crushing apparatuses, such as a rock and a structure, of this invention. It is an exploded side view and a longitudinal side view showing a crushing device for rocks, structures, etc. It is an exploded perspective view same as the above. It is a vertical side view which shows the manufacture process of a crushing medicine cylinder in steps. It is a vertical side view which shows the various forms of a crushing medicine cylinder. It is a perspective view which shows the usage form of the crushing apparatuses, such as a rock and a structure of this invention, in steps. It is a vertical side view which shows the other form of a crushing medicine cylinder.

E Crushing barrel 1 Casing 11 Opening 11a Small diameter 12 Opening 12a Lid 2 Canopy 3 Bottom lid 31 Outer cylinder 32 Inner cylinder 33 Insertion port 4 Igniter 5 Heating agent 5A Heating agent 51 Flame spreading surface 6 Crushing main agent 61 Flame introduction hole 62 Flame introduction surface 7 Partition material 7a Ventilation hole 71 Partition body 71a Hole 72 Hollow tube 73 Thin film 8 Platinum wire R Object to be crushed H Loading hole M Filling material

Claims (10)

A charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate, which is a crushing main agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is arranged adjacent to the crushing main agent, and an ignition tool is further arranged adjacent to the heating agent. The charging hole is sealed, the ignition tool is energized to cause a thermite reaction in the heating agent, and the ammonium nitrate is decomposed in the loading hole by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat generated thereby. the pressure of the fracturing process of rock and structures like you crush an object to be crushed, and the ammonium nitrate the heating agent, are adjacent in the state of being stacked,
Furthermore, a method for crushing rocks, structures, etc., characterized in that a flame introduction hole extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the ammonium nitrate . Disruption methods of rock and structures, etc. according to claim 1, characterized in that so as to form a distributed flame surface with respect to the adjacent surface of the ammonium nitrate in the heating agent. A charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate, which is a crushing main agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is arranged adjacent to the crushing main agent, and an ignition tool is further arranged adjacent to the heating agent. The charging hole is sealed, the ignition tool is energized to cause a thermite reaction in the heating agent, and the ammonium nitrate is decomposed in the loading hole by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat generated thereby. In the crushing method for rocks, structures, etc., to crush the object to be crushed by the pressure of the heating agent , the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are adjacent in a stacked state, and the flame spread surface with respect to the adjacent surface of the heating agent with ammonium nitrate crushing method rocks and structures like you, characterized in that in order to form a. A charging hole provided in the object to be crushed is filled with ammonium nitrate, which is a crushing main agent, and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction is arranged adjacent to the crushing main agent, and an ignition tool is further arranged adjacent to the heating agent. The charging hole is sealed, the ignition tool is energized to cause a thermite reaction in the heating agent, and the ammonium nitrate is decomposed in the loading hole by the ultra-high temperature reaction heat generated thereby. In a crushing method for rocks, structures, etc., to crush the object to be crushed by the pressure of the heating agent, the heating agent and ammonium nitrate are adjacent to each other in a stacked state, and the heating agent has a core shape extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate crushing method rocks and structures like you, wherein positioning the. The heating agent that is adjacent to the ammonium nitrate in a stacked state and the core-like heating agent that extends in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate are brought into contact directly or through a thin film. 4. Method for crushing rocks and structures according to 4 . The rock according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 , wherein the ammonium nitrate and the heating agent are filled in a casing to form a crushing cylinder, and the crushing cylinder is inserted into a loading hole.・ Crushing method for structures. A cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state, and further includes an ignition tool for the heating agent. The heating agent and ammonium nitrate are contained in the casing. A crushing device for rocks, structures, etc., which is filled adjacent to the longitudinal direction and has a flame guide hole extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of the ammonium nitrate . A cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state, and further includes an ignition tool for the heating agent. The heating agent and ammonium nitrate are contained in the casing. It is filled adjacent to the longitudinal direction, the center of the ammonium nitrate is filled with a heating agent in a core extending in the longitudinal direction, and the heating agent adjacent to the ammonium nitrate in the longitudinal direction of the casing; A crushing device for rocks, structures, etc., characterized in that it is in contact with the core heating agent extending in the longitudinal direction at the center of ammonium nitrate, directly or through a thin film . The crushing apparatus for rocks and structures according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein the heating agent has a flame diffusion surface with respect to a surface adjacent to ammonium nitrate. A cylindrical casing is filled with ammonium nitrate as a crushing agent and a heating agent exhibiting a thermite reaction in a sealed state, and further includes an ignition tool for the heating agent. The heating agent and ammonium nitrate are contained in the casing. A crushing apparatus for rocks, structures, etc., which is filled adjacent to the longitudinal direction and has a flame diffusion surface with respect to a surface adjacent to ammonium nitrate.

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