JP5001198B2 - Plastic disassembly equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plastic decomposing apparatus.

  Conventionally, in order to recover and reuse inorganic and organic valuables in plastic molded products represented by FRP (fiber reinforced plastics), they are decomposed by a supercritical or subcritical hydrothermal reaction. A method (for example, see Patent Document 1) has been proposed.

  In such a method, in general, FRP and water as a solvent are put into a pressure-resistant decomposition tank, and after decomposition in a supercritical or subcritical state, the decomposition liquid is discharged from the decomposition tank and recovered. is doing. Here, from the viewpoint of improving the decomposition rate in the decomposition tank and discharging the decomposition solution, FRP is pulverized into a size of about 2 to 20 mm as a pretreatment and put into the decomposition tank. FRP may be pre-mixed with water added together with FRP, but a separate mixing tank is required. Therefore, from the viewpoint of economy, the FRP is directly applied to the decomposition tank from the raw material supply line connected to the decomposition tank. It has been done.

However, since the pulverized FRP contains glass fibers, it has a foil-like shape, has a large bulk specific gravity, and also contains fine powder, so that it adheres to the inner wall of the raw material supply pipeline and the supply valve provided in the middle thereof. There was a problem that. The cracking tank is in a high pressure state to be in a supercritical or subcritical state, but particularly when FRP adheres to the closing part of the supply valve, it causes a leak and hinders the temperature rise of the cracking tank. Therefore, a measure for preventing adhesion of FRP inside the raw material supply pipeline is required. As such a measure, for example, it is conceivable to prevent the FRP from adhering to the inside of the raw material supply pipe by flowing air together with the FRP. However, it is necessary to prepare a pipe for escaping air, and it is also necessary to provide an on-off valve that is closed during the decomposition process in the middle of the pipe, and there is a concern that FRP is conveyed to this pipe and causes blockage.
International Publication No. 2004/041917 Pamphlet

  The present invention provides a plastic decomposing apparatus that solves the conventional problems, cleans and removes the raw material adhering to the raw material supply pipeline, and prevents the raw material supply pipeline from being blocked from the background as described above. Is an issue.

  The present invention is characterized by the following.

The first has the decomposition vessel degrade plastic in a solvent which acts as a reaction catalyst in the state of supercritical or subcritical, and the raw material supply pipe for supplying the plastic, the solvent supply port for supplying the solvent the solvent supply pipe is formed, the raw material feed line, have a cleaning device for cleaning the inside of the raw material feed line, wherein the cleaning device includes a cleaning liquid supply port to wash the inside of the raw material supply line , A cleaning liquid supply pipe provided with an air supply port for drying the inside of the raw material supply pipe after cleaning with the cleaning liquid, the solvent supply pipe and the cleaning liquid supply pipe are configured by the same pipe, The solvent supply port and the cleaning liquid supply port are configured by the same supply port, and the plastic decomposition apparatus is supplied with the solvent as a cleaning liquid, and the decomposition tank is connected to the decomposition tank from the raw material supply pipe line. Supplied plastic Tic, supplied from the solvent supply line to the decomposition tank as a cleaning liquid, and the solvent for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply pipe after the plastic supply, and supplied from the solvent supply line to the decomposition tank and decomposed as the cleaning liquid weight detector for detecting the respective charge of the solvent in an amount obtained by subtracting the liquid amount of the solvent supplied to the tank is provided, the weight of the plastic and the solvent as charged a predetermined amount to the decomposition tank that is managed It is characterized by that.

The second, in the first invention, the flow meter is provided in the solvent supply line, and wherein Rukoto charged amount of the solvent supplied to the decomposition tank are managed integrated flow of said flow meter To do.

According to the present invention, the raw material supply pipe has the cleaning device for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply pipe, so that the raw material adhering to the raw material supply pipe can be cleaned and removed. Therefore, blockage of the raw material supply pipeline can be prevented.

According to the present invention, the cleaning device is a cleaning liquid supply line including a cleaning liquid supply port for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply pipe and an air supply port for drying the inside of the raw material supply pipe after being cleaned with the cleaning liquid. By being, the raw material adhering in the raw material supply pipe line can be surely cleaned and removed with the cleaning liquid. In addition, since the inside of the raw material supply pipe is dried, adhesion of the raw material into the raw material supply pipe can be suppressed when the raw material of the next batch is supplied.

According to the present invention, since the cleaning liquid supply port of the cleaning liquid supply line is a solvent supply port for supplying a solvent, there is no need to separately provide a solvent supply line for supplying a solvent, and thus the structure is simpler. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a plastic disassembling apparatus at low cost. Furthermore, since the cleaning liquid for cleaning the raw material supply pipe can be used as it is as the solvent for the plastic, it is possible to realize a plastic decomposition process at a low cost.

According to the present invention, by having the weight detector that detects the weight of the plastic, the cleaning liquid, and the solvent supplied to the decomposition tank, it is possible to effectively grasp the charging amount of the decomposition tank. Thereby, when the cleaning liquid is a solvent, the cleaning liquid supplied to the decomposition tank can be used effectively.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a plastic disassembling apparatus according to the present invention.

  The plastic decomposition apparatus of this embodiment includes a cylindrical pressure-resistant decomposition tank 1 that decomposes the plastic 60 with a solvent in a supercritical or subcritical state, and the plastic 60 is placed on the upper part of the decomposition tank 1. A supply pipe is connected to form a raw material supply pipe 2. A supply valve 21 is provided on the raw material supply line 2 on the decomposition tank 1 side, and the plastic 60 is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 by opening the supply valve 21. The plastic 60 is, for example, a plastic molded product such as FRP containing inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, and improves the stirring and mixing with the solvent 70 in the decomposition tank 1. In order to improve the reaction efficiency, it is preferable to grind and use so that the particle size is about 1 to 20 mm, preferably the maximum particle size is 10 mm or less. The pulverized powdery plastic 60 is supplied to the decomposition tank through the raw material supply pipe 2.

  In the present embodiment, a cleaning liquid supply line 4 having a cleaning liquid supply port 5 for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply line 2 and an air supply port 6 for drying the inside of the raw material supply line 2 after cleaning with the cleaning liquid is provided. The raw material supply conduit 2 is formed as a cleaning device 3 for cleaning the raw material supply conduit 2. Specifically, the pipe having the air supply port 6 is connected to the pipe constituting the raw material supply pipe line 2 on the upstream side of the supply valve 21, and the pipe having the cleaning liquid supply port 5 is in the middle of the pipe having the air supply port 6. It is connected to the.

  As the type of the cleaning liquid, the same solvent as that used for decomposing plastics can be used, and examples thereof include fluids such as water and alcohol. An alkali such as sodium hydroxide may coexist in this fluid. Such a cleaning liquid is discharged into the decomposition tank 1 after cleaning the raw material supply line 2, and can be used as a solvent for plastic decomposition as it is. Further, the plastic that has been cleaned and removed by the cleaning liquid can also be used as an object to be decomposed without being discharged from the decomposition tank 1. When the cleaning liquid is used as the solvent 70 for decomposing the plastic 60, the amount of the solvent 70 separately supplied for decomposing the plastic 60 is set in consideration of the amount of the cleaning liquid.

  A pipe having the cleaning liquid supply port 5 is provided with a cleaning liquid supply valve 51. By opening the cleaning liquid supply valve 51, the cleaning liquid is introduced from the cleaning liquid supply port 5 by a high-pressure pump or the like. The inside is cleaned. When the diameter of the raw material supply pipe 2 is large and a sufficient cleaning effect cannot be obtained with a constant amount of cleaning liquid, the supply valve 21 of the raw material supply pipe 2 is temporarily closed, and the cleaning liquid is supplied to the raw material supply pipe 2. May be stored and the supply valve 21 may be opened for cleaning.

  The pipe having the air supply port 6 is provided with an air supply valve 61. After the raw material supply pipe line 2 is cleaned with the cleaning liquid, the air supply valve 61 is opened and the air is supplied from the air supply port 6 by a compressor or the like. Is introduced. As a result, the inside of the raw material supply pipe 2 wet with the cleaning liquid can be dried, and the plastic 60 can be prevented from adhering easily to the inside of the raw material supply pipe 2 when the plastic 60 is supplied in the next batch.

  Thus, since the plastic 60 adhering to the inside of the raw material supply pipe 2 can be washed and removed by the cleaning liquid supply pipe 4, it is possible to prevent the raw material supply pipe 2 from being blocked.

  A pipe for supplying a solvent 70 is connected to the upper part of the decomposition tank 1, and a solvent supply pipe line 7 having a solvent supply port 71 is formed. The solvent 70 is supplied into the decomposition tank 1 from the solvent supply port 71 through the solvent supply pipe 7 and acts as a reaction catalyst for the plastic 60 in a supercritical or subcritical state, so that the plastic 60 is decomposed. Such a solvent 70 is a fluid such as water or alcohol, and an alkali such as sodium hydroxide may coexist in this fluid. In the present embodiment, the solvent 70 may be supplied after the plastic 60 is supplied to the decomposition tank 1, or the plastic 60 may be supplied after the solvent 70 is supplied first. The order of preparation of the plastic 60 is not limited. As described above, when the cleaning liquid is used as the solvent 70, the amount of the solvent 70 obtained by subtracting the amount of the cleaning water is set as the preparation amount.

  A heating means 8 formed by a heater, a heat medium jacket or the like is provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank 1, and a temperature detector 9 formed by a temperature sensor or the like is provided by being inserted into the decomposition tank 1. The decomposition tank 1 is provided with a pressure detecting means 10 formed by a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure. While detecting the temperature and pressure of the decomposition tank 1 with the temperature detector 9 and the pressure detection means 10, respectively, the heating means 8 is heated based on the detected temperature and pressure by heating the inside of the decomposition tank 1 with the heating means 8. Is controlled to perform heating at the optimum temperature.

  The decomposition tank 1 is provided with a stirring device 20 for mixing the plastic 60 and the solvent 70 supplied to the decomposition tank 1. The stirring device 20 has a rotating shaft 201 and a stirring blade 202 attached to the rotating shaft 201. By rotating the rotating shaft 201 with a motor provided on the upper portion of the decomposition tank 1, the stirring device 20 The plastic 60 and the solvent 70 are stirred and mixed.

  In the decomposition tank 1 of the present embodiment, a safety valve line 30 composed of piping is formed, and a safety valve 301 is provided in the middle of the safety valve line 30. The safety valve 301 is a valve having a safety mechanism for preventing breakage of the decomposition tank 1 due to an abnormal increase in internal pressure under high temperature and high pressure during the decomposition process of the plastic 60.

  In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid and air cannot be supplied through the cleaning liquid supply pipe 4 in a state where the decomposition tank 1 is sealed. For this reason, the decomposition tank 1 may be opened to the outside by providing a separate on-off valve and opening it, but the safety valve 301 may be opened to open the decomposition tank 1 to the outside.

  A discharge pipe 40 composed of piping is formed at the bottom of the decomposition tank 1, and a discharge opening / closing valve 401 is provided in the middle thereof. By opening the discharge on-off valve 401, the contents in the decomposition tank 1, such as the decomposition liquid of the plastic 60 after the decomposition process, the cleaning liquid discharged to the decomposition tank 1 when the raw material supply pipe 2 is cleaned, etc. Is discharged.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the plastic disassembling apparatus according to the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the part same as the part shown in FIG. 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, the cleaning liquid supply port 5 of the cleaning liquid supply line 4 is used as a solvent supply port 71 for supplying the solvent 70. That is, the solvent 70 used for the decomposition of the plastic 60 is used as a cleaning liquid, the inside of the raw material supply pipe 2 is cleaned, and the solvent 70 for decomposing the plastic 60 is supplied into the decomposition tank 1.

  In the configuration of the plastic decomposing apparatus of this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the solvent supply pipe 7 as shown in FIG. 1, and the cleaning liquid supply pipe 4 also has the function of the solvent supply pipe 7. Therefore, the structure of the plastic disassembling apparatus is simplified, the size can be reduced, and the plastic disassembling apparatus can be manufactured at a low cost. Furthermore, in this embodiment, after the plastic 60 is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 through the raw material supply pipe 2, the solvent 70 can be supplied to the decomposition tank 1 while cleaning the inside of the raw material supply pipe 2. The charging time of the solvent 70 into the tank 1 can be shortened. In addition, since the cleaning liquid is used as the solvent 70, the plastic 60 can be decomposed at low cost.

    FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the plastic disassembling apparatus according to the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the part same as the part shown in FIG. 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, a weight detector 50 such as a load cell that detects the weight of the plastic 60, the cleaning liquid, and the solvent 70 supplied to the decomposition tank 1 is provided in the decomposition tank 1. With this weight detector 50, weight management of the plastic 60, the cleaning liquid and the solvent 70 supplied to the decomposition tank 1 is performed. The amounts of the plastic 60 and the solvent 70 to be charged in the decomposition tank 1 are determined in advance depending on the size of the decomposition tank 1 and the heating capacity of the heating means 8. For this reason, when the cleaning liquid is used as the solvent 70, the weight detector 50 detects the respective charging amounts of the plastic 60, the cleaning liquid, and the solvent 70 so that a predetermined amount is charged.

  In this embodiment, the weight of each of the plastic 60, the cleaning liquid, and the solvent 70 is controlled by the weight detector 50. However, only the weight of the plastic 60 is controlled, and a flow meter is provided in the piping for the cleaning liquid and the solvent 70. The charge amount may be managed by the integrated flow rate. Further, the weight detector 50 and the flow meter may be combined to check the integrated flow rate for each of the cleaning liquid and the solvent 70 and then check again with the weight detector 50.

  In the present embodiment, the amount of charge in the decomposition tank 1 can be effectively grasped in this way, so that when the cleaning liquid is the solvent 70, the cleaning liquid supplied to the decomposition tank 1 can be used effectively.

It is the outline | summary block diagram which showed one Embodiment of the plastics decomposition | disassembly apparatus based on this invention. It is the outline | summary block diagram which showed another one Embodiment of the plastics decomposition | disassembly apparatus based on this invention. It is the outline | summary block diagram which showed another one Embodiment of the plastics decomposition | disassembly apparatus based on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Decomposition tank 2 Raw material supply line 21 Supply valve 3 Cleaning apparatus 4 Cleaning liquid supply line 5 Cleaning liquid supply port 51 Cleaning liquid supply valve 6 Air supply port 61 Air supply valve 7 Solvent supply line 71 Solvent supply port 50 Weight detector 60 Plastic 70 solvent

Claims (2)

The decomposition tank decomposing plastic in a solvent which acts as a reaction catalyst in the state of supercritical or subcritical, and the raw material supply pipe for supplying the plastic, and the solvent supply line having a solvent supply port for supplying the solvent Formed ,
The raw material feed line, have a cleaning device for cleaning the inside of the raw material feed line,
The cleaning device is a cleaning liquid supply line provided with a cleaning liquid supply port for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply line, and an air supply port for drying the inside of the raw material supply line after cleaning with the cleaning liquid,
The solvent supply pipe and the cleaning liquid supply pipe are configured by the same pipe, the solvent supply port and the cleaning liquid supply port are configured by the same supply port, and the solvent is supplied as a cleaning liquid. A disassembling device,
In the decomposition tank, the plastic supplied from the raw material supply pipe to the decomposition tank, the solvent supplied from the solvent supply pipe as a cleaning liquid to the decomposition tank, and the solvent for cleaning the inside of the raw material supply pipe after the plastic supply, And a weight detector for detecting the amount of each of the solvents supplied from the solvent supply line to the decomposition tank and subtracting the amount of the solvent supplied to the decomposition tank as a cleaning liquid, cracker plastic characterized by Rukoto weight of plastics and solvents are managed as charged a predetermined amount to the decomposition bath. Flowmeter is provided in the solvent supply line, cracker plastic according to claim 1, the charged amount of the solvent supplied to the decomposition tank is characterized that you have been managed by the integrated flow of said flow meter .

Images