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JP5017249B2 - Incomplete combustion detector - Google Patents
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JP5017249B2 - Incomplete combustion detector - Google Patents

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JP5017249B2
JP5017249B2 JP2008325134A JP2008325134A JP5017249B2 JP 5017249 B2 JP5017249 B2 JP 5017249B2 JP 2008325134 A JP2008325134 A JP 2008325134A JP 2008325134 A JP2008325134 A JP 2008325134A JP 5017249 B2 JP5017249 B2 JP 5017249B2
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誠 鬼頭
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Rinnai Corp
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Description

本発明は、燃焼室内にバーナ群と熱交換器とを収容する加熱機器における不完全燃焼を検知するための不完全燃焼検知装置に関し、特に部分不燃をも検知可能としたものである。   The present invention relates to an incomplete combustion detection device for detecting incomplete combustion in a heating apparatus that accommodates a burner group and a heat exchanger in a combustion chamber, and particularly enables detection of partial incombustibility.

図3に示すように、加熱機器としてのガス湯沸器100は、燃焼室11内にガスバーナ2と熱交換器3とを配置し、制御部5によりガスバーナ2で燃料ガスを燃焼させて熱交換器3内の水を熱交換加熱する湯沸し運転制御を行う。例えば、家庭の台所等の室内に設置される開放型のガス湯沸器100は、バーナ燃焼の給排気を室内で行うため、この種のガス湯沸器100には、ガスバーナ2の不完全燃焼を検知して湯沸し運転を停止させる不完全燃焼検知装置が設けられていることが多い。   As shown in FIG. 3, a gas water heater 100 as a heating device includes a gas burner 2 and a heat exchanger 3 disposed in a combustion chamber 11, and a controller 5 burns fuel gas with the gas burner 2 to exchange heat. Water heater operation control for heat exchange heating of the water in the vessel 3 is performed. For example, an open type gas water heater 100 installed in a room of a home kitchen or the like performs supply / exhaust of burner combustion indoors. Therefore, this type of gas water heater 100 includes incomplete combustion of the gas burner 2. Incomplete combustion detection devices are often provided that detect water and stop boiling water operation.

上記不完全燃焼検知装置は、ガスバーナ2の炎口を臨んで設置された第1熱電対TC1が炎口に形成される火炎の温度を検知し、ガスバーナ2と熱交換器3の間の燃焼室構成壁の開口部10を臨んで設置された第2熱電対TC2が該開口部10の雰囲気温度を検知し、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2との起電力差(温度差信号)ΔV1に基づいて不完全燃焼を検知するように構成している。つまり、室内の酸欠により不完全燃焼が生じると、火炎が炎口から浮き上がるリフト現象が生じるため、炎口の火炎温度を検知する第1熱電対TC1での温度が低下(起電力が低下)するが、第2熱電対TC2が検知する燃焼室構成壁開口部10の雰囲気温度は、ほとんど変わらず低いままである。従って、この場合、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2との起電力差ΔV1が小さくなって不燃判定用の閾値Aを割り込むことから不完全燃焼が検知される。また、熱交換器3のフィン32の目詰まりにより不完全燃焼が生じると、燃焼排気が熱交換器3から排気口14方向へうまく導かれず燃焼室構成壁開口部10から漏れ出るため、燃焼室構成壁開口部10の雰囲気温度を検知する第2熱電対TC2での温度が上昇(起電力が上昇)するが、第1熱電対TC1が検知する火炎温度は、ほとんど変わらず高いままである。従って、この場合も、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2との起電力差ΔV1が小さくなって不燃判定用の閾値Aを割り込むので、不完全燃焼が検知される。   In the incomplete combustion detection device, the first thermocouple TC1 installed facing the flame outlet of the gas burner 2 detects the temperature of the flame formed in the flame outlet, and the combustion chamber between the gas burner 2 and the heat exchanger 3 The second thermocouple TC2 installed facing the opening 10 of the constituent wall detects the ambient temperature of the opening 10 and the electromotive force difference (temperature difference signal) between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2. The incomplete combustion is detected based on ΔV1. In other words, when incomplete combustion occurs due to lack of oxygen in the room, a lift phenomenon occurs in which the flame rises from the flame outlet, so the temperature at the first thermocouple TC1 that detects the flame temperature at the flame mouth decreases (electromotive force decreases). However, the atmospheric temperature of the combustion chamber constituting wall opening 10 detected by the second thermocouple TC2 remains almost unchanged. Therefore, in this case, incomplete combustion is detected because the electromotive force difference ΔV1 between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 becomes small and the threshold A for non-combustibility determination is interrupted. Further, if incomplete combustion occurs due to clogging of the fins 32 of the heat exchanger 3, the combustion exhaust gas is not guided well from the heat exchanger 3 toward the exhaust port 14, and leaks from the combustion chamber constituting wall opening 10. Although the temperature at the second thermocouple TC2 that detects the ambient temperature of the constituent wall opening 10 increases (the electromotive force increases), the flame temperature detected by the first thermocouple TC1 remains almost unchanged. Therefore, also in this case, since the electromotive force difference ΔV1 between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 becomes small and the threshold value A for incombustibility determination is interrupted, incomplete combustion is detected.

一方、上記第2熱電対TC2を燃焼室構成壁に分散して複数設け、これら第2熱電対TC2の各々の温度信号の内の少なくとも1つが所定の部分不燃判定用の閾値bを越えたとき不完全燃焼を検知するもの(特許文献1)、上記第2熱電対TC2を燃焼室構成壁に分散して複数設け、各第2熱電対TC2・・・の温度信号の各々と第1熱電対TC1の温度信号との各々の温度差信号(起電力差)の内の少なくとも1つが所定の部分不燃判定用の閾値bを越えたとき不完全燃焼を検知するものがある(特許文献2)。これらによれば、局所的な一次空気詰まりや局所的な熱交換器詰まりによる局所的不完全燃焼(部分不燃)が発生すると、燃焼室11内圧の上昇により熱交換器詰まり部分の近くの燃焼室構成壁開口部から燃焼排気が流出するので、この燃焼排気の流出をその燃焼室構成壁開口部に配置した第2熱電対TC2・・・でとらえ、不完全燃焼発生を検知するようにしている。従って、これら特許文献1、特許文献2のものでは、部分不燃をも検知することができ、安全性を向上することができる。
特開平7−49119号公報 特開平7−49120号公報
On the other hand, when a plurality of the second thermocouples TC2 are distributed on the combustion chamber wall and at least one of the temperature signals of each of the second thermocouples TC2 exceeds a predetermined threshold b for partial non-combustion determination A device that detects incomplete combustion (Patent Document 1), a plurality of the second thermocouples TC2 are distributed on the combustion chamber wall, and each of the temperature signals of the second thermocouples TC2. There is one that detects incomplete combustion when at least one of the temperature difference signals (electromotive force difference) with respect to the temperature signal of TC1 exceeds a predetermined threshold b for partial incombustibility determination (Patent Document 2). According to these, when local incomplete combustion (partial non-combustion) occurs due to local primary air clogging or local heat exchanger clogging, the combustion chamber 11 near the clogged portion of the heat exchanger due to the increase in the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 11 Since combustion exhaust flows out from the constituent wall opening, the outflow of this combustion exhaust is captured by the second thermocouples TC2... Arranged at the combustion chamber constituent wall opening to detect the occurrence of incomplete combustion. . Therefore, in these patent documents 1 and patent documents 2, partial incombustibility can also be detected and safety can be improved.
JP 7-49119 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-49120

しかしながら、特許文献1、特許文献2に開示するものは、各所で発生し得る部分不燃を何れも同じ狙いで検知させるためには、各第2熱電対TC2・・・毎に同じ閾値幅となるように上記部分不燃判定用の閾値bを設定する必要がある。ところが、各第2熱電対TC2・・・には個々に検知特性のバラツキがあるため、部分不燃発生の度合いを同じ狙いで検知できるように上記閾値bを各第2熱電対TC2・・・毎の仕様に合わせて設定するのが非常に難しい。仮に各第2熱電対TC2・・・毎の仕様に合わせて閾値設定できたとしても、加熱機器としてのガス湯沸器100の仕様のバラツキ等によって各第2熱電対TC2・・・毎に部分不燃の検知度合いが異なってしまうこともある。   However, those disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have the same threshold width for each of the second thermocouples TC2... In order to detect the partial incombustibility that can occur in various places with the same aim. Thus, it is necessary to set the threshold value b for determining the partial incombustibility. However, since each of the second thermocouples TC2... Has a variation in detection characteristics, the threshold value b is set to each of the second thermocouples TC2... So that the degree of partial incombustibility can be detected with the same aim. It is very difficult to set according to the specifications. Even if a threshold value can be set according to the specifications of each second thermocouple TC2..., It is a part for each second thermocouple TC2... Due to variations in the specifications of the gas water heater 100 as a heating device. Incombustibility may be detected at different levels.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、部分不燃発生を検知するための閾値設定が簡易で且つ部分不燃発生検知のバラツキが抑制される不完全燃焼検知装置を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an incomplete combustion detection device in which a threshold value for detecting occurrence of partial incombustibility is simple and variation in detection of partial incombustibility is suppressed. And

本発明に係る不完全燃焼検知装置は、
燃焼室内にバーナ群と熱交換器とを収容する加熱機器における不完全燃焼を検知するための不完全燃焼検知装置であって、
バーナ群の炎口を臨んで設置されて炎口に形成される火炎の温度を検知する第1温度センサと、バーナ群と熱交換器の間の燃焼室構成壁の第1開口部を臨んで設置されて第1開口部の雰囲気温度を検知する第2温度センサと、第1温度センサと第2温度センサとの温度信号に基づいてバーナ群の全体的な不完全燃焼を検知すると上記バーナ群の燃焼を停止する制御部とを備え、
バーナ群と熱交換器の間の燃焼室構成壁において上記第2温度センサから離れた第2開口部を望んで設置されて第2開口部の雰囲気温度を検知する第3温度センサと、
上記第2温度センサと上記第3温度センサとの温度差信号が部分不燃判定の閾値を超えると局所的不完全燃焼発生の旨の部分不燃信号を出力する部分不燃検知手段とを設けたものである。
The incomplete combustion detection device according to the present invention is
An incomplete combustion detection device for detecting incomplete combustion in a heating device that houses a burner group and a heat exchanger in a combustion chamber,
Facing the first opening of the combustion chamber constituting wall between the first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the flame formed at the flame outlet and facing the flame outlet of the burner group, and the heat exchanger When the incomplete combustion of the burner group is detected based on the second temperature sensor that is installed and detects the ambient temperature of the first opening, and the temperature signals of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the burner group And a controller for stopping the combustion of
A third temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature of the second opening by being installed on the combustion chamber constituting wall between the burner group and the heat exchanger in hopes of the second opening away from the second temperature sensor;
A partial incombustibility detecting means for outputting a partial incombustibility signal indicating the occurrence of local incomplete combustion when a temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds a threshold value of partial incombustibility determination; is there.

熱交換器が部分的に詰まって局所的な不完全燃焼(部分不燃)が生じると、燃焼室内圧の上昇により熱交換器詰まり部分の近くの燃焼室構成壁開口部(第1開口部又は第2開口部)から燃焼排気が流出し、この燃焼排気の流出がその開口部に配置した第2温度センサ又は第3温度センサでの検知温度上昇としてとらえられる。一方、熱交換器詰まりのない部分の近くの燃焼室構成壁開口部(第1開口部又は第2開口部)からは燃焼排気が流出することがないから、その開口部に配置した第2温度センサ又は第3温度センサの検知温度は、ほとんど変わらない。従って、部分不燃検知手段により、第2温度センサ又は第3温度センサの検知温度の上昇に伴って第2温度センサと第3温度センサとの温度差信号が部分不燃判定の閾値を超えると、排気バランスが悪いこと、つまり上記部分不燃が発生していると判断し、部分不燃信号が出力される。   When the heat exchanger is partially clogged and local incomplete combustion (partial incombustibility) occurs, the combustion chamber constituting wall opening (the first opening or the second opening) near the heat exchanger clogged portion is increased due to an increase in the combustion chamber pressure. Combustion exhaust flows out from the (2 openings), and the outflow of this combustion exhaust is regarded as an increase in temperature detected by the second temperature sensor or the third temperature sensor disposed in the opening. On the other hand, since the combustion exhaust gas does not flow out from the opening (the first opening or the second opening) of the combustion chamber constituting wall near the portion where the heat exchanger is not clogged, the second temperature arranged at the opening The detected temperature of the sensor or the third temperature sensor is hardly changed. Therefore, if the temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds the threshold value for determining the partial incombustibility as the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor or the third temperature sensor increases by the partial incombustibility detection means, It is determined that the balance is bad, that is, the partial incombustibility has occurred, and a partial incombustibility signal is output.

このように、第2温度センサと第3温度センサとの温度差信号により部分不燃発生を検知するので、部分不燃発生を検知するための部分不燃判定の閾値を新たに設けた第3温度センサの検知特性に応じて設定すればよい。従って、部分不燃発生を検知するための上記の閾値設定が簡易となる。しかも、第2温度センサと第3温度センサとの温度差信号により部分不燃発生を検知するので、各所での部分不燃発生の度合いをほぼ同じ狙いで検知することができる。
なお、全体的な不完全燃焼は、第1温度センサと第2温度センサとの温度信号に基づいて検知することができる。
As described above, since the occurrence of partial incombustibility is detected by the temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, a threshold value for determining the partial incombustibility for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility is newly provided. What is necessary is just to set according to a detection characteristic. Therefore, the above threshold setting for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility is simplified. In addition, since the occurrence of partial incombustibility is detected by the temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, the degree of occurrence of partial incombustibility at each location can be detected with substantially the same aim.
Note that overall incomplete combustion can be detected based on temperature signals from the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.

上記部分不燃検知手段は、上記第2温度センサと上記第3温度センサとの温度差信号が上記閾値を超えた状態が一定時間継続される場合に上記部分不燃信号を出力する構成とするのが望ましい。
上記の第2温度センサと第3温度センサとの温度差信号が部分不燃判定の閾値を超えると直ちに部分不燃を検出するとなると、風の吹き込み等の外乱による単発的な部分不燃を検出してしまう可能性があるが、上記構成によれば、このような外乱による実害のない単発的な部分不燃の検知を防止することができる。
The partial incombustibility detecting means is configured to output the partial incombustibility signal when a state in which a temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds the threshold value continues for a certain period of time. desirable.
If the temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds the threshold value for determining the partial incombustibility, immediately after the partial incombustibility is detected, a single partial incombustibility due to a disturbance such as wind blowing is detected. Although there is a possibility, according to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent a single partial non-combustion detection without any actual damage due to such disturbance.

以上のように、本発明に係る不完全燃焼検知装置よれば、加熱機器における全体的な不完全燃焼のみならず部分不燃をも検知することができる。この場合、部分不燃発生を検知するための閾値設定が簡易であり、しかも、部分不燃発生の検知度合いのバラツキが抑制される。従って、加熱機器の不完全燃焼に対する安全性を一層向上することができる。   As described above, the incomplete combustion detection device according to the present invention can detect not only the entire incomplete combustion but also the partial incombustibility in the heating device. In this case, the threshold setting for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility is simple, and variations in the degree of detection of the occurrence of partial incombustibility are suppressed. Therefore, the safety against incomplete combustion of the heating device can be further improved.

以下に、本発明の一実施形態として、加熱機器となるガス湯沸器を例に挙げて説明する。
図1に示すガス湯沸器1は、家庭の台所等に設置される開放型ガス湯沸器1であり、このガス湯沸器1にはバーナ群2の不完全燃焼を検出する不完全燃焼検知装置が設けられている。ガス湯沸器1は、外装ケース10内に、バーナ群2と熱交換器3とを収容する燃焼室11が配設されている。
Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a gas water heater serving as a heating device will be described as an example.
A gas water heater 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an open type gas water heater 1 installed in a home kitchen or the like, and the gas water heater 1 detects incomplete combustion in the burner group 2. A detection device is provided. In the gas water heater 1, a combustion chamber 11 that houses the burner group 2 and the heat exchanger 3 is disposed in an outer case 10.

燃焼室11は、上下に開放する矩形筒状体であり、その上方の排気側に熱交換器3が収容され、下方の吸気側にバーナ群2が配設されている。燃焼室11の上方開放部は、排気口14に接続されている。また、燃焼室11の構成壁には、第1開口部12と第2開口部13とが設けられ、これら第1開口部12、第2開口部13には、第2熱電対TC2、第3熱電対TC3が配設されている。   The combustion chamber 11 is a rectangular cylindrical body that opens up and down. The heat exchanger 3 is accommodated on the upper exhaust side, and the burner group 2 is disposed on the lower intake side. The upper open portion of the combustion chamber 11 is connected to the exhaust port 14. In addition, a first opening portion 12 and a second opening portion 13 are provided in the constituent walls of the combustion chamber 11, and the first thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC2 are provided in the first opening portion 12 and the second opening portion 13, respectively. A thermocouple TC3 is provided.

バーナ群2は、燃料ガスと空気の混合ガスを燃焼させて燃焼排気を生成するものであり、複数の単位バーナを並設して構成されている。バーナ群2には、燃料ガスを供給するガス供給管21が接続されている。ガス供給管21には、上流側から順に、電磁開閉弁22、水圧応動弁23、ガバナ弁24、ガス量調節弁25が設けられている。ガス量調節弁25は、温調つまみ4に連結され、この温調つまみ4の移動に応じてバーナ群2へ供給する燃料ガスの流量を調整する。また、バーナ群2には、炎口に臨む位置に点火プラグ26、第1熱電対TC1が配設されている。   The burner group 2 generates combustion exhaust by burning a mixed gas of fuel gas and air, and is configured by arranging a plurality of unit burners in parallel. A gas supply pipe 21 that supplies fuel gas is connected to the burner group 2. The gas supply pipe 21 is provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 22, a water pressure responsive valve 23, a governor valve 24, and a gas amount adjusting valve 25 in order from the upstream side. The gas amount adjustment valve 25 is connected to the temperature adjustment knob 4 and adjusts the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the burner group 2 according to the movement of the temperature adjustment knob 4. In the burner group 2, a spark plug 26 and a first thermocouple TC1 are disposed at a position facing the flame outlet.

熱交換器3は、蛇行状の吸熱管31と、吸熱管31に対して交差するように並ぶ複数のフィン32とを有している。吸熱管31は、入口側に給水管33が接続され、出口側に出湯管34が接続されている。給水管33には、上流側から順に、電動弁36、水ガバナ弁37、水量調節弁38が設けられている。水量調節弁38は、温調つまみ4に連結され、この温調つまみ4の移動に応じて熱交換器3に供給する水量を調整する。出湯管34の末端には、出湯をシャワーとストレートに切替え可能な出湯ヘッド35が設けられている。   The heat exchanger 3 has a meandering endothermic tube 31 and a plurality of fins 32 arranged to intersect the endothermic tube 31. The heat absorption pipe 31 has a water supply pipe 33 connected to the inlet side and a hot water discharge pipe 34 connected to the outlet side. The water supply pipe 33 is provided with an electric valve 36, a water governor valve 37, and a water amount adjustment valve 38 in order from the upstream side. The water amount adjustment valve 38 is connected to the temperature adjustment knob 4 and adjusts the amount of water supplied to the heat exchanger 3 according to the movement of the temperature adjustment knob 4. A hot water discharge head 35 capable of switching the hot water between a shower and a straight is provided at the end of the hot water discharge pipe 34.

また、ガス湯沸器1には、ガス湯沸器1の動作を制御する制御部5が設けられている。制御部5は、バーナ群2を燃焼させて給水管33から熱交換器3を介して出湯管34に供給される水を加熱する湯沸し運転を実行する運転制御手段51と、バーナ群2の不完全燃焼を検出する不燃検知手段52とを備える。また、制御部5には、報知手段6や運転スイッチ7等が接続されている。   The gas water heater 1 is provided with a control unit 5 that controls the operation of the gas water heater 1. The control unit 5 combusts the burner group 2 and performs an operation control means 51 for performing a water boiling operation for heating water supplied from the water supply pipe 33 through the heat exchanger 3 to the hot water discharge pipe 34, And non-combustion detecting means 52 for detecting complete combustion. The control unit 5 is connected to a notification unit 6, an operation switch 7, and the like.

運転制御手段51は、湯沸し運転が停止中(電動弁36が閉弁してバーナ群2が消火した状態)のときに使用者の操作により運転スイッチ7がオンされると、電動弁36を全開にする。すると、水道から給水管33へ給水され、水圧応動弁23が開弁して水流スイッチ35がオンされる。そして、運転制御手段51は、給水管33への給水開始を検出したときに、イグナイタ27に高電圧を印加し点火プラグ26を火花放電させ、電磁開閉弁22を開弁してバーナ群2の点火処理を行う。これにより、湯沸し運転が開始される。   The operation control means 51 opens the motor-operated valve 36 fully when the operation switch 7 is turned on by the user's operation when the water heater operation is stopped (the motor-operated valve 36 is closed and the burner group 2 is extinguished). To. Then, water is supplied from the water supply to the water supply pipe 33, the water pressure responsive valve 23 is opened, and the water flow switch 35 is turned on. Then, when the operation control means 51 detects the start of water supply to the water supply pipe 33, it applies a high voltage to the igniter 27 to cause the spark plug 26 to spark discharge, and opens the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 to open the burner group 2. Ignition processing is performed. Thereby, the water heating operation is started.

なお、運転制御手段51は、第1熱電対TC1の起電力VT1によりバーナ群2の点火を検知し、その後は、不燃検知手段52により第1熱電対TC1、第2熱電対TC2、第3熱電対TC3の各起電力VT1,VT2,VT3に基づいてバーナ群2の燃焼状態を監視しバーナ群2の失火や燃焼異常を検出したとき、運転制御手段51は電磁開閉弁22を閉弁させる。   The operation control means 51 detects the ignition of the burner group 2 based on the electromotive force VT1 of the first thermocouple TC1, and thereafter, the non-combustion detection means 52 causes the first thermocouple TC1, the second thermocouple TC2, and the third thermocouple. When the combustion state of the burner group 2 is monitored based on the electromotive forces VT1, VT2, and VT3 of the pair TC3 and misfire or combustion abnormality of the burner group 2 is detected, the operation control means 51 closes the electromagnetic on-off valve 22.

そして、ガス湯沸器1は、湯沸し運転により、外装ケース10側部の給気口15から室内空気を吸込み、バーナ群2で燃焼排気を生成し、この燃焼排気が燃焼室11内を上方に移動して熱交換器3を通過し、外装ケース10上部の排気口14から室内に排出される。この間、熱交換器3により給水管33から供給された水が吸熱管31内を通過する間に燃焼排気の熱により熱交換加熱されて湯となって出湯管34に送出され、出湯管34末端の出湯ヘッド35から湯が吐出される。   The gas water heater 1 sucks room air from the air supply port 15 on the side of the outer case 10 by hot water operation, and generates combustion exhaust in the burner group 2, and this combustion exhaust moves upward in the combustion chamber 11. It moves and passes through the heat exchanger 3 and is discharged into the room from the exhaust port 14 at the top of the outer case 10. During this time, while the water supplied from the water supply pipe 33 by the heat exchanger 3 passes through the heat absorption pipe 31, it is heat exchange heated by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas and is sent to the hot water discharge pipe 34 as hot water. Hot water is discharged from the hot water outlet head 35.

一方、運転制御手段51は、湯沸し運転中に使用者の操作により運転スイッチ7がオフされると、電磁開閉弁22を閉じてバーナ群2を消火させると共に、電動弁36を閉じて湯沸し運転を終了させる。   On the other hand, when the operation switch 7 is turned off by the user's operation during the water heating operation, the operation control means 51 closes the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 to extinguish the burner group 2 and closes the motor operated valve 36 to perform the water heating operation. Terminate.

次に、このガス湯沸器1に設けられた不完全燃焼検知装置について説明する。
不完全燃焼検知装置は、バーナ群2に設置する第1熱電対(第1温度センサ)TC1と、燃焼室11の構成壁の第1開口部12に設置する第2熱電対(第2温度センサ)TC2と、燃焼室11の構成壁の第2開口部13に設置する第3熱電対(第3温度センサ)TC3と、制御部5に設けられた不燃検知手段52(部分不燃検知手段を含む)とにより構成される。
Next, the incomplete combustion detection device provided in the gas water heater 1 will be described.
The incomplete combustion detection device includes a first thermocouple (first temperature sensor) TC1 installed in the burner group 2 and a second thermocouple (second temperature sensor) installed in the first opening 12 of the constituent wall of the combustion chamber 11. ) TC2, a third thermocouple (third temperature sensor) TC3 installed in the second opening 13 of the constituent wall of the combustion chamber 11, and a non-combustion detection means 52 (including a partial non-combustion detection means) provided in the control unit 5 ).

第1熱電対TC1は、先端の感熱部Q1がバーナ群2の炎口を臨んで配置され、炎口に形成される火炎の温度を検知する。第1開口部12及び第2開口部13は、燃焼室11の正面側の構成壁においてバーナ群2と熱交換器3の間にあって熱交換器3近くの左右位置に所定距離離れて矩形状に貫通形成されている。そして、第2熱電対TC2は、先端の感熱部Q2が第1開口部12を臨んで配置され、この第1開口部12の雰囲気温度を検知する。第3熱電対TC3は、先端の感熱部Q3が第2開口部13を臨んで配置され、この第2開口部13の雰囲気温度を検知する。これら第1熱電対TC1、第2熱電対TC2、第3熱電対TC3は、感熱部Q1,Q2,Q3で受ける温度に応じた起電力VT1,VT2,VT3を発生する。これらの起電力値VT1,VT2,VT3は、制御部5に入力される。そして、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2は、主にバーナ群2の全体的な不完全燃焼を検知するために用いられ、第3熱電対TC3は、主にバーナ群2の局所的な不完全燃焼(部分不燃)を検知するために用いられる。   The first thermocouple TC <b> 1 is disposed with the heat-sensitive part Q <b> 1 at the tip facing the flame outlet of the burner group 2, and detects the temperature of the flame formed at the flame outlet. The first opening 12 and the second opening 13 are rectangular between the burner group 2 and the heat exchanger 3 in the structural wall on the front side of the combustion chamber 11 and at a predetermined distance in the left and right positions near the heat exchanger 3. It is formed through. And 2nd thermocouple TC2 is arrange | positioned with the heat sensitive part Q2 of the front facing the 1st opening part 12, and detects the atmospheric temperature of this 1st opening part 12. FIG. The third thermocouple TC <b> 3 is arranged with the heat-sensitive part Q <b> 3 at the front end facing the second opening 13, and detects the ambient temperature of the second opening 13. The first thermocouple TC1, the second thermocouple TC2, and the third thermocouple TC3 generate electromotive forces VT1, VT2, and VT3 corresponding to the temperatures received by the thermosensitive portions Q1, Q2, and Q3. These electromotive force values VT1, VT2, and VT3 are input to the control unit 5. The first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 are mainly used for detecting the overall incomplete combustion of the burner group 2, and the third thermocouple TC3 is mainly used for detecting the locality of the burner group 2. Used to detect incomplete combustion (partial incombustibility).

不燃検知手段52は、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2の起電力差ΔV1(温度差信号)が不燃判定の閾値A(第1の閾値)を超えると、全体的な不完全燃焼が生じたと判断する。また、不燃検知手段52は、第2熱電対TC2と第3熱電対TC3の起電力差ΔV2(温度差信号)が部分不燃判定の閾値B(第2の閾値)を超えると、部分不燃が生じたと判断する(部分不燃検知手段として機能)。そして、不燃検知手段52は、全体的な不完全燃焼や局所的な不完全燃焼が生じたと判断すると、不完全燃焼の旨の信号を運転制御手段51に出力し、運転制御手段51によりガス供給管21の電動弁36を閉弁させ、バーナ群2を全て消火させる。さらに、不燃検知手段52は、不完全燃焼が生じた旨の信号を報知手段6に出力し、報知手段6により不完全燃焼発生の旨を報知させ、これによって使用者に対してガス湯沸器1の使用停止、或いは点検・修理や交換を促す。   When the electromotive force difference ΔV1 (temperature difference signal) between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 exceeds the nonflammability determination threshold A (first threshold), the incombustible detection means 52 performs overall incomplete combustion. Judge that it occurred. Further, the non-combustion detecting means 52 causes partial non-combustion when the electromotive force difference ΔV2 (temperature difference signal) between the second thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC3 exceeds the threshold B (second threshold) for partial non-combustion determination. (Functions as a partial incombustibility detection means). When the non-combustion detecting means 52 determines that overall incomplete combustion or local incomplete combustion has occurred, it outputs a signal indicating incomplete combustion to the operation control means 51, and the operation control means 51 supplies the gas. The motorized valve 36 of the pipe 21 is closed, and all the burner groups 2 are extinguished. Further, the non-combustion detecting means 52 outputs a signal indicating that incomplete combustion has occurred to the notifying means 6, and notifies the user that the incomplete combustion has occurred, thereby informing the user of the gas water heater. Encourage the suspension of use, inspection, repair or replacement.

次に、不完全燃焼検知装置による不完全燃焼検出の動作を説明する。
運転制御手段51によりバーナ群2の燃焼が開始されると、不燃検知手段52は、全体的な不完全燃焼(不燃)と局所的な不完全燃焼(部分不燃)とを検出する。
全体的な不完全燃焼を検出するには、第1熱電対TC1から出力される起電力VT1と第2熱電対TC2から出力される起電力VT2との起電力差ΔV1が不燃判定の閾値Aと比較される。ここで、全体的な不完全燃焼として、室内の換気が不十分で燃焼室11内の酸素濃度が低下した場合や長期間使用によるバーナ群2のスロート部分のほこり詰まり等により、バーナ群2全体が一次空気不足となった場合には、バーナ群2の火炎が炎口から浮き上がるリフト現象が起こる。すると、火炎の高温部が第1熱電対TC1の感熱部Q1から離れ、第1熱電対TC1の感熱部Q1の表面温度が完全燃焼時に比べて低いものとなり、その結果、第1熱電対TC1からの起電力値VT1が低くなる。一方、燃焼室構成壁の第1開口部12での雰囲気温度はほとんど変わらないから、第2熱電対TC2からの起電力値VT2は低い値のまま出力される。なお、第2熱電対TC2の平常時の起電力VT2が低いのは、燃焼排気の動圧(負圧)により第1開口部12から室内の空気が燃焼室11内に流れ込むため、第1開口部12の雰囲気温度が低いからである。以上の結果、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2の起電力差ΔV1は、完全燃焼時に比べて小さくなり、不燃判定の閾値Aを割り込む。この状態が一定時間(例えば、1秒)継続することによって、全体的な不完全燃焼が発生したと判断される。
Next, the operation of incomplete combustion detection by the incomplete combustion detection device will be described.
When combustion of the burner group 2 is started by the operation control means 51, the non-combustion detection means 52 detects overall incomplete combustion (non-combustion) and local incomplete combustion (partial incombustibility).
In order to detect the entire incomplete combustion, the electromotive force difference ΔV1 between the electromotive force VT1 output from the first thermocouple TC1 and the electromotive force VT2 output from the second thermocouple TC2 is set to the nonflammability determination threshold A. To be compared. Here, as the overall incomplete combustion, when the indoor ventilation is insufficient and the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber 11 is reduced, or due to dust clogging of the throat portion of the burner group 2 due to long-term use, the entire burner group 2 When the primary air becomes insufficient, a lift phenomenon occurs in which the flame of the burner group 2 rises from the flame opening. Then, the high temperature part of the flame is separated from the heat sensitive part Q1 of the first thermocouple TC1, and the surface temperature of the heat sensitive part Q1 of the first thermocouple TC1 is lower than that at the time of complete combustion. As a result, from the first thermocouple TC1 The electromotive force value VT1 becomes lower. On the other hand, since the atmospheric temperature at the first opening 12 of the combustion chamber constituting wall hardly changes, the electromotive force value VT2 from the second thermocouple TC2 is output with a low value. The normal electromotive force VT2 of the second thermocouple TC2 is low because the indoor air flows into the combustion chamber 11 from the first opening 12 due to the dynamic pressure (negative pressure) of the combustion exhaust. This is because the ambient temperature of the portion 12 is low. As a result, the electromotive force difference ΔV1 between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 is smaller than that during complete combustion, and the threshold value A for non-combustion determination is interrupted. When this state continues for a certain time (for example, 1 second), it is determined that overall incomplete combustion has occurred.

また、全体的な不完全燃焼として、熱交換器3のフィン32詰まりが全体的に起こった場合には、燃焼排気が熱交換器3から排気口14側へうまく導かれず第1開口部12及び第2開口部13から漏れ出てこれら第1開口部12及び第2開口部13の雰囲気温度が上昇する。その結果、第1開口部12に配設する第2熱電対TC2からの起電力値VT2が高くなる。一方、第1熱電対TC1で検出する火炎温度はほとんど変わらないから、第1熱電対TC1からの起電力値VT1は高い値のまま出力される。以上の結果、第1熱電対TC1と第2熱電対TC2の起電力差ΔV1は、完全燃焼時に比べて小さくなり、不燃判定の閾値Aを割り込む。この状態が一定時間(例えば、1秒)継続することによって、全体的な不完全燃焼が発生したと判断される。   Further, when the fins 32 of the heat exchanger 3 are totally clogged as a whole incomplete combustion, the combustion exhaust is not guided well from the heat exchanger 3 to the exhaust port 14 side, and the first opening 12 and Leakage from the second opening 13 causes the ambient temperature of the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 to rise. As a result, the electromotive force value VT2 from the second thermocouple TC2 disposed in the first opening 12 increases. On the other hand, since the flame temperature detected by the first thermocouple TC1 hardly changes, the electromotive force value VT1 from the first thermocouple TC1 is output as a high value. As a result, the electromotive force difference ΔV1 between the first thermocouple TC1 and the second thermocouple TC2 is smaller than that during complete combustion, and the threshold value A for non-combustion determination is interrupted. When this state continues for a certain time (for example, 1 second), it is determined that overall incomplete combustion has occurred.

そして、不燃検知手段52は、この全体的な不完全燃焼が検出されると、運転制御手段51と報知手段6に対して不燃信号を出力する。すると、運転制御手段51は、ガス供給管21の電動弁36を閉弁させてバーナ群2を全て消火させ、これにより、不燃状態でガス湯沸器1が使用されるのを防止できる。報知手段6は、不完全燃焼が生じた旨を警告ランプや警報ブザー等により報知し、これにより、使用者に対してガス湯沸器1の使用禁止、点検、修理、交換等が促される。   The non-combustion detecting means 52 outputs a non-combustible signal to the operation control means 51 and the notification means 6 when this overall incomplete combustion is detected. Then, the operation control means 51 closes the electric valve 36 of the gas supply pipe 21 and extinguishes all the burner groups 2, thereby preventing the gas water heater 1 from being used in an incombustible state. The notification means 6 notifies the user that the incomplete combustion has occurred by a warning lamp, a warning buzzer, or the like, thereby prompting the user to prohibit use, check, repair, replace, etc. the gas water heater 1.

一方、図2のフローチャートを参照して、局所的な不完全燃焼(部分不燃)を検出するには、第2熱電対TC2から出力される起電力VT2と第3熱電対TC3から出力される起電力VT3との起電力差ΔV2が部分不燃判定の閾値Bと比較される(S1)。ここで、部分不燃として、例えば、バーナ群2の一部の一次空気口が蜘蛛の巣やゴキブリの卵等で閉塞されると、このバーナ群2の一部の火炎が不完全燃焼となり、完全燃焼時よりも上方に延びて熱交換器3のフィン32と接触する。その結果、このフィン32の部分に煤(カーボン)が堆積してフィン32を閉塞させる。そのため、このフィン32の詰まり部分の下部の内圧が上昇し、その近傍の燃焼室構成壁の開口部(第1開口部12又は第2開口部13)から燃焼排気が流出してその開口部の雰囲気温度が上昇する。この温度上昇により、第2熱電対TC2又は第3熱電対TC3のうちの不完全燃焼部に近い方からの起電力値VT2又はVT3が高くなる。一方、フィン32の詰まりのない部分の近くの開口部(第1開口部12又は第2開口部13)からは燃焼排気が流出することがないから、その開口部に配置した第2熱電対TC2又は第3熱電対TC3からの起電力値VT2又はVT3は、ほとんど変わらず低いままである。   On the other hand, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 2, in order to detect local incomplete combustion (partial incombustibility), an electromotive force VT2 output from the second thermocouple TC2 and an electromotive force output from the third thermocouple TC3. The electromotive force difference ΔV2 from the electric power VT3 is compared with a threshold B for partial incombustibility determination (S1). Here, as the partial incombustibility, for example, when a part of the primary air inlet of the burner group 2 is blocked by a spider's web or a cockroach egg, a part of the flame of the burner group 2 is incompletely burned. It extends upward from the time of combustion and contacts the fins 32 of the heat exchanger 3. As a result, soot (carbon) accumulates on the fin 32 and closes the fin 32. For this reason, the internal pressure of the lower portion of the clogged portion of the fin 32 rises, and the combustion exhaust flows out from the opening (the first opening 12 or the second opening 13) of the combustion chamber constituting wall in the vicinity thereof, and the opening of the opening The ambient temperature rises. Due to this temperature increase, the electromotive force value VT2 or VT3 from the second thermocouple TC2 or the third thermocouple TC3 closer to the incomplete combustion portion becomes higher. On the other hand, since the combustion exhaust does not flow out from the opening (the first opening 12 or the second opening 13) near the portion where the fin 32 is not clogged, the second thermocouple TC2 disposed in the opening. Alternatively, the electromotive force value VT2 or VT3 from the third thermocouple TC3 remains almost unchanged.

以上の結果、第2熱電対TC2と第3熱電対TC3の起電力差ΔV2は、完全燃焼時に比べて大きくなり、部分不燃判定の閾値Bを超える。この起電力差ΔV2が閾値Bを超えた時点では、部分不燃発生とは判断されず、この状態がタイマ(図示せず)で計時されて一定時間(例えば、1秒)継続することにより(S2)、部分不燃が発生したと判断される(S3)。これにより、風の吹き込み等の外乱による単発的な部分不燃の検知を防止することができる。   As a result, the electromotive force difference ΔV2 between the second thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC3 is larger than that during complete combustion, and exceeds the threshold B for partial incombustibility determination. When this electromotive force difference ΔV2 exceeds the threshold B, it is not determined that partial non-combustion has occurred, and this state is counted by a timer (not shown) and continued for a certain time (for example, 1 second) (S2 ), It is determined that partial incombustibility has occurred (S3). Thereby, the detection of the single partial incombustibility by disturbances, such as blowing of a wind, can be prevented.

そして、不燃検知手段52は、部分不燃発生が検出されると、運転制御手段51と報知手段6に対して部分不燃信号を出力する。すると、運転制御手段51は、ガス供給管21の電磁開閉弁22を閉弁させて(S4)、バーナ群2を全て消火させて燃焼を停止する(S5)。これにより、部分不燃状態でガス湯沸器1が使用されるのを防止できる。また、報知手段6は、不完全燃焼が生じた旨を警告ランプや警報ブザー等により報知し(S6)、これにより、使用者に対してガス湯沸器1の使用禁止、点検、修理、交換等が促される。   Then, the non-combustion detecting unit 52 outputs a partial non-combustion signal to the operation control unit 51 and the notification unit 6 when occurrence of partial non-combustion is detected. Then, the operation control means 51 closes the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 of the gas supply pipe 21 (S4), extinguishes all the burner groups 2, and stops combustion (S5). Thereby, it is possible to prevent the gas water heater 1 from being used in a partially incombustible state. Further, the notification means 6 notifies the user that the incomplete combustion has occurred by using a warning lamp, a warning buzzer or the like (S6), thereby prohibiting the user from using, checking, repairing or replacing the gas water heater 1. Etc. are encouraged.

なお、部分不燃として、上記以外にフィン32のめっき剥がれや埃の付着等によりフィン32の一部が閉塞された場合も、この閉塞部分に対向するバーナ群2の一部の火炎が不完全燃焼となり、上記同様に不燃検知手段52によってこの部分不燃が検知される。   In addition, as a partial incombustibility, in addition to the above, even when a part of the fin 32 is closed due to peeling of the fin 32, adhesion of dust, or the like, a part of the flame of the burner group 2 facing the closed part is incompletely burned. As described above, the non-combustion detecting means 52 detects this partial incombustibility.

一方、第2熱電対TC2と第3熱電対TC3との起電力差ΔV2が部分不燃判定の閾値B以下である場合は(S1で「No」)、部分不燃がないと判断され、そのままバーナ群2の燃焼が継続される(S7)。   On the other hand, when the electromotive force difference ΔV2 between the second thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC3 is equal to or less than the threshold B for partial incombustibility determination (“No” in S1), it is determined that there is no partial incombustibility, and the burner group 2 is continued (S7).

以上のように、本実施の形態による不完全燃焼検知装置によれば、部分不燃発生の検知を第2熱電対TC2と第3熱電対TC3との起電力差Δ2(温度差信号)より行うので、部分不燃発生を検知するための部分不燃判定の閾値Bを新たに設けた第3熱電対TC3の検知特性に応じて設定すればよい。従って、部分不燃発生を検知するための上記部分不燃判定の閾値Bの設定が簡易となる。しかも、第2熱電対TC2と第3熱電対TC3との温度差信号により部分不燃発生を検知するので、各所での部分不燃発生の度合いをほぼ同じ狙いで検知することができる。
このように、本不完全燃焼検知装置よれば、ガス給湯器1における全体的な不完全燃焼のみならず部分不燃をも検知することができる。この場合、部分不燃発生を検知するための上記閾値Bの設定が簡易であり、しかも、部分不燃発生の検知度合いのバラツキが抑制される。従って、ガス給湯器1の不完全燃焼に対する安全性を一層向上することができる。
なお、本発明に係る不完全燃焼検知装置は、加熱機器として上述のガス湯沸器に限らず、ファンヒータ等にも適用できる。
As described above, according to the incomplete combustion detection device according to the present embodiment, the occurrence of partial incombustibility is detected from the electromotive force difference Δ2 (temperature difference signal) between the second thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC3. The threshold B for determining the partial incombustibility for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility may be set according to the detection characteristics of the third thermocouple TC3 newly provided. Accordingly, the setting of the threshold B of the partial incombustibility determination for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility is simplified. In addition, since the occurrence of partial incombustibility is detected by the temperature difference signal between the second thermocouple TC2 and the third thermocouple TC3, the degree of occurrence of partial incombustibility at each location can be detected with substantially the same aim.
Thus, according to the present incomplete combustion detection device, not only the entire incomplete combustion in the gas water heater 1 but also the partial incombustibility can be detected. In this case, the setting of the threshold value B for detecting the occurrence of partial incombustibility is simple, and variation in the degree of detection of occurrence of partial incombustibility is suppressed. Therefore, the safety against incomplete combustion of the gas water heater 1 can be further improved.
Note that the incomplete combustion detection device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described gas water heater as a heating device, and can also be applied to a fan heater or the like.

実施の形態による不完全燃焼検知装置を備えたガス湯沸器の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the gas water heater provided with the incomplete combustion detection apparatus by embodiment. 部分不燃検知の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of partial incombustibility detection. 従来の不完全燃焼検知装置を備えたガス湯沸器の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the gas water heater provided with the conventional incomplete combustion detection apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ガス湯沸器
2 バーナ群
3 熱交換器
5 制御部
11 燃焼室
12 第1開口部
13 第2開口部
32 フィン
51 運転制御手段
52 不燃検知手段
A 不燃判定閾値
B 部分不燃判定閾値
Q1,Q2,Q3 感熱部
TC1 第1熱電対(第1温度センサ)
TC2 第2熱電対(第2温度センサ)
TC3 第3熱電対(第3温度センサ)
VT1,VT2,VT3 起電力
ΔV1,ΔV2 起電力差(温度差信号)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas water heater 2 Burner group 3 Heat exchanger 5 Control part 11 Combustion chamber 12 1st opening part 13 2nd opening part 32 Fin 51 Operation control means 52 Incombustibility detection means A Incombustibility determination threshold value B Partial incombustibility determination threshold value Q1, Q2 , Q3 Thermosensitive part TC1 First thermocouple (first temperature sensor)
TC2 Second thermocouple (second temperature sensor)
TC3 3rd thermocouple (3rd temperature sensor)
VT1, VT2, VT3 Electromotive force ΔV1, ΔV2 Electromotive force difference (temperature difference signal)

Claims (2)

燃焼室内にバーナ群と熱交換器とを収容する加熱機器における不完全燃焼を検知するための不完全燃焼検知装置であって、
バーナ群の炎口を臨んで設置されて炎口に形成される火炎の温度を検知する第1温度センサと、バーナ群と熱交換器の間の燃焼室構成壁の第1開口部を臨んで設置されて第1開口部の雰囲気温度を検知する第2温度センサと、第1温度センサと第2温度センサとの温度信号に基づいてバーナ群の全体的な不完全燃焼を検知すると上記バーナ群の燃焼を停止する制御部とを備え、
バーナ群と熱交換器の間の燃焼室構成壁において上記第2温度センサから離れた第2開口部を望んで設置されて第2開口部の雰囲気温度を検知する第3温度センサと、
上記第2温度センサと上記第3温度センサとの温度差信号が部分不燃判定の閾値を超えると局所的不完全燃焼発生の旨の部分不燃信号を出力する部分不燃検知手段とを設けた不完全燃焼検知装置。
An incomplete combustion detection device for detecting incomplete combustion in a heating device that houses a burner group and a heat exchanger in a combustion chamber,
Facing the first opening of the combustion chamber constituting wall between the first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the flame formed at the flame outlet and facing the flame outlet of the burner group, and the heat exchanger When the incomplete combustion of the burner group is detected based on the second temperature sensor that is installed and detects the ambient temperature of the first opening, and the temperature signals of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the burner group And a controller for stopping the combustion of
A third temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature of the second opening by being installed on the combustion chamber constituting wall between the burner group and the heat exchanger in hopes of the second opening away from the second temperature sensor;
Incompletely provided with a partial incombustibility detecting means for outputting a partial incombustibility signal indicating that local incomplete combustion has occurred when a temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds a threshold value of partial incombustibility determination Combustion detector.
請求項1に記載の不完全燃焼検知装置において、
上記部分不燃検知手段は、上記第2温度センサと上記第3温度センサとの温度差信号が上記閾値を超えた状態が一定時間継続される場合に上記部分不燃信号を出力する構成とした不完全燃焼検知装置。
The incomplete combustion detection device according to claim 1,
The partial incombustibility detecting means is incompletely configured to output the partial incombustibility signal when a state in which the temperature difference signal between the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor exceeds the threshold value continues for a certain period of time. Combustion detector.
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