JP5018546B2 - Sliding radial rolling bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in a radial rolling bearing that is incorporated in, for example, an automobile transmission (mainly a manual transmission) and enables axial movement of a predetermined length and rotation. For example, a slide ball bearing that uses a ball as a rolling element and enables displacement in both directions by rolling of the rolling element is an object.

  As described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example, a slide-type radial rolling bearing that enables rotation while allowing axial movement of a predetermined length is incorporated in an automobile transmission. 9 to 10 show an example of a radial rolling bearing that has been widely used for this purpose. This radial rolling bearing is the above-described slide ball bearing and includes an outer ring 1, a cage 2, and a plurality of balls 3, 3 each of which is a rolling element. Of these, the outer ring 1 is made of a hard metal such as bearing steel or case-hardened steel, and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and has flanges 4a and 4b having inward flange shapes at both ends in the axial direction. The cage 2 is integrally formed by injection molding a synthetic resin such as polyamide resin or polyphenylene sulfide resin. The cage 2 includes a pair of rim portions 5 and 5 and a plurality of column portions 6 and 6. Prepare. Both the rim portions 5 and 5 are annular with the same diameter, and are arranged concentrically at intervals. Further, each of the column portions 6 and 6 is linear, and between both the rim portions 5 and 5, both end portions are connected to inner edges of the rim portions 5 and 5 facing each other. In such a state, they are arranged in parallel with each other in a circumferentially spaced state. The portions surrounded by the four circumferences by the column portions 6 and 6 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the rim portions 5 and 5 are pockets 7 and 7, respectively.

The balls 3 and 3 are held in the pockets 7 and 7 so that the balls 7 and 7 can roll freely. Further, the distance D ₄ between the inner side surfaces of the flanges 4a, 4b provided at both axial ends of the outer ring 1 is sufficiently larger than the axial length L _{2 of the} cage 2 (D ₄ >> L ₂ ). Therefore, the cage 2 is supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 1 so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction based on the rolling of the balls 3 and 3. For example, in the state of being assembled to a manual transmission, a predetermined amount (D ₄ − of rotation and axial direction) of the shaft inserted into the inner diameter side of each of the balls 3 and 3 on the inner diameter side of the housing in which the outer ring 1 is fitted and fixed. L ₂ ) is supported freely.

  When the slide ball bearing as described above is incorporated in the select / shift mechanism of a manual transmission, for example, a select operation (generally an operation of selecting a gear to be connected by displacing the shift lever in the left-right direction) Sometimes the axial displacement between the housing and the shaft is allowed, and during the shift operation (generally, the shift lever is displaced in the front-rear direction and the gear selected by the select operation is connected) Allow relative rotation (oscillation) with the shaft. In such a slide-type radial rolling bearing, the inner peripheral surface (outer ring raceway) of the outer ring 1 and the outer peripheral surface (inner ring raceway) of the shaft and each rolling element (ball 3) are provided in the same manner as a general rolling bearing. 3) It is necessary to supply a lubricant to the contact portion (rolling contact portion or sliding contact portion) with the rolling surface. In general, grease is used as the lubricant. That is, grease is applied to the inner diameter side of the outer ring 1 so that the cage 2 and the rolling elements are displaced within the grease. During the selection operation of the manual transmission, the cage 2 and the rolling elements are displaced in the axial direction within the outer ring 1 while pushing away the grease.

  However, in the case of such a structure, when the cage 2 and each rolling element are displaced in the axial direction of the outer ring 1 on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 1, for example, for the select operation, the grease resists the grease. Receive. That is, during the select operation, the cage 2 and each of the rollers are placed in a cylindrical space having a limited radial width between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft. It is necessary to displace the moving body in the axial direction while pushing away the grease. At this time, the rim portion 5 existing on the front side in the movement direction in the cage 2 acts like a kind of dam plate and pushes the grease in the radial direction, while the inner diameter side of the outer ring 1 is moved in the axial direction. Displace. For this reason, due to the viscosity resistance and stirring resistance of the grease, the (resistance) required to move the tip of the shift lever in the left-right direction for the select operation becomes somewhat larger. Conventionally, it has not been a problem that the resistance to the select operation is somewhat increased.

  On the other hand, in recent years, automobiles equipped with a manual transmission are often a so-called sports type. Such an automobile has a short shift lever and is not only easily affected by the above-mentioned resistance due to the moment, but also often requires the driver to make the operation feeling of the shift lever as light as possible. For this reason, it is required to reduce the resistance to the select operation as much as possible. If a grease with a low viscosity is used, the above resistance can be kept low, but in general, a grease with a low viscosity has a viscosity in terms of ensuring necessary lubricity over a long period of time. In many cases, the performance is inferior to that of high grease. For this reason, there is a limit in reducing the above-mentioned resistance by lowering the viscosity of the grease. On the other hand, even if the vehicle model is not particularly demanding to keep the resistance against the shift lever operation low, if a high-viscosity grease is used as the grease in order to improve the durability of the sliding radial rolling bearing, the resistance The increase of is likely to be a problem. For example, if a grease having a consistency number of 3 or more is used as the grease, the increase in the resistance becomes a problem even if it is not a sports type car depending on the usage conditions (giving the driver a sense of incongruity). )there is a possibility.

JP-A-8-254269 CD-ROM for Japanese Utility Model No. 4-34642 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 5-94528) CD-ROM of Japanese Patent Application No. 5-23045 (Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 6-79627)

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention is a sliding radial rolling which can suppress the resistance against the axial displacement of the cage on the inner diameter side of the outer ring, even without using a low-viscosity grease. It was invented to realize a bearing.

Each of the slide type radial rolling bearings of the present invention has a cylindrical outer ring, a cylindrical cage disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring, and a plurality of rolling rollers held by the cage. A moving body.
Outer rings are made of iron-based hard metal, such as bearing steel and case-hardened steel, and the inner peripheral surface is a cylindrical outer ring raceway, and flanges with inward flanges are provided at both axial ends. Yes.
Further, the retainer is arranged in parallel with each other at intervals in the circumferential direction between a pair of rim portions that are annular and are concentrically arranged with each other. The portions surrounded by the four rims by both the rim portions and the column portions adjacent in the circumferential direction are used as pockets. And the axial direction dimension which is the space | interval of the outer surfaces of both the said rim | limb parts is made smaller than the space | interval of the inner surface of the said both collar parts. The cage is supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction.
The rolling elements are held in the pockets so as to roll freely.
Further, the cage and the rolling elements are displaced in grease applied to the inner diameter side of the outer ring.

In particular, in the slide type radial rolling bearing according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the inner and outer peripheral edges of at least one (preferably both) rim portions of the both rim portions. An oil passage recess that is recessed in the radial direction from the periphery is provided in a part of the periphery in a state in which both the inner and outer side surfaces of the rim portion are communicated with each other.
Further, in the slide type radial rolling bearing according to claim 4, at least one of both the inner and outer side surfaces (with respect to the radial direction of the cage) of at least some of the pillars. An oil passage recess that is recessed in the radial direction from the side surface is provided on the side surface in a state where both end surfaces in the axial direction of the cage communicate with each other.

Among such present inventions, when the sliding radial rolling bearing described in claim 1 is carried out, for example, as in the invention described in claim 2, the width in the circumferential direction of each oil passage recess is It should be smaller than the width of each pocket in the circumferential direction. And these oil-permeable recesses are provided in the same number as the respective pockets for each peripheral edge in a portion of the peripheral edges of the two rim portions where the phase in the circumferential direction coincides with the pockets.
Or like the invention described in Claim 3, the width | variety regarding the circumferential direction of each said oil passage recessed part shall be more than the width | variety regarding the circumferential direction of each said pocket (generally the same as this width | variety). And these each oil-permeable recessed part is provided in the part in which the phase regarding the circumferential direction corresponds with a one part pocket among the periphery of the said both rim | limb parts.
In addition, the invention described in claims 1 to 3 and the invention described in claim 4 can be implemented independently of each other, and can be implemented in combination as long as the strength of the cage can be ensured. As an aspect of combination, the invention described in claims 1 to 3 can be implemented on one of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cage, and the invention described in claim 4 can be implemented on the other peripheral surface, respectively. The invention described in claims 1 to 3 and the invention described in claim 4 can be carried out on the same peripheral surface.
In addition, when implementing this invention, Preferably, the kind of each said rolling element shall be a ball, as described in Claim 5. Then, a plurality of these balls are arranged in series with respect to the axial direction of the cage, one for each pocket.

According to the slide type radial rolling bearing of the present invention configured as described above, the resistance to the axial displacement of the cage on the inner diameter side of the outer ring is kept low even without using a grease having particularly low viscosity. It is done.
That is, for example, on the inner diameter side of the housing in which the outer ring is fitted and fixed, the shaft inserted into the inner diameter side of each rolling element should be displaced in the axial direction, and the cage is displaced on the inner diameter side of the outer ring in the axial direction. In this case, a part of the grease existing on the inner diameter side of the outer ring is caused by the rim portion (in the case of the invention according to claims 1 to 3) or the column portion (in the case of the invention according to claim 4 ) constituting the cage. ) Movement of the rim part (in the case of the invention according to claims 1 to 3) or the column part (in the case of the invention in accordance with claim 4 ) with respect to the displacement direction of the cage Flow from front to back. For this reason, as the cage is displaced in the axial direction, the amount of grease pushed away to the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side of the rim portion is reduced, and the cage is reduced by the viscous resistance and stirring resistance of the grease. Resistance to axial displacement is reduced.
For this reason, for example, when it is incorporated in the select / shift mechanism portion of a manual transmission for an automobile, the force required for the select operation can be reduced and the operational feeling of the shift lever can be improved.
In particular, the strength and rigidity of the cage can be ensured, and if the invention described in claims 1 to 3 and the invention described in claim 4 are implemented in combination, resistance to displacement of the cage in the axial direction. Can be kept lower.

[First example of embodiment]
1 and 2 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 5. FIG. The feature of this example is that the oil-permeable recesses 9 and 9 are formed at a plurality of positions on the outer peripheral edge of the pair of rim portions 5 and 5 constituting the cage 2a incorporated in the slide ball bearing. Thus, the resistance against the axial displacement of the cage 2a is kept low, and the grease can be efficiently taken into the pockets 7 and 7. Since the configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventionally known slide ball bearing shown in FIGS. 9 to 10 described above, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted. Hereinafter, the characteristic part of this example will be mainly described.

Oil perforated recesses 9 and 9 are respectively provided at portions of the outer peripheral edges of the rim portions 5 and 5 that are aligned with the pockets 7 and 7 in the circumferential direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. It is formed in a state of being recessed radially inward. And by these oil-permeable recesses 9 and 9, the outer side surfaces (side surfaces opposite to the pockets 7 and 7) and inner side surfaces (side surfaces of the pockets 7 and 7) and the rim portions 5 and 5 respectively. Is in communication. Of each oil passage recess 9, 9, the width W ₉ in the circumferential _direction, and the depth D ₉ in the radial direction, within the range that can ensure the strength and rigidity of both rim portions 5,5, and as large as possible Yes. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of each of the oil-permeable recesses 9 and 9 is preferably a curved surface shape such as a partial arc from the surface of securing the opening area while suppressing the concentration of stress and securing the required strength. A semi-elliptical shape, a long rectangular shape, or the like can be adopted as long as the required strength can be secured by devising the material 2a. Large chamfered portions 10 and 10 are formed over the entire circumference on the outer peripheral edges of both axial ends of the cage 2a.

  According to the slide ball bearing of the present example, which is a first example of the embodiment of the slide type radial rolling bearing of the present invention, the resistance against the axial displacement of the cage 2a on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 1 is improved. Even if grease with a particularly low viscosity is not used, it can be kept low. That is, for example, when the shaft inserted into the inner diameter side of each ball 3, 3 is displaced in the axial direction on the inner diameter side of the housing in which the outer ring 1 is fitted and fixed, along with the rolling of each of these balls 3, 3 Thus, the cage 2a holding the balls 3 and 3 is displaced in the axial direction. Along with the axial displacement of the cage 2a, the rim portion 5 existing on the front side in the moving direction of the cage 2a out of the pair of rim portions 5 and 5 constituting the cage 2a The grease existing on the inner diameter side can be pushed away to the outer diameter side and inner diameter side. However, in the case of this example, a part of the grease pushed by the rim portion 5 on the front side in the movement direction passes through the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the rim portion 5 on the front side in the movement direction. However, it is fed into the pockets 7 and 7. Along with this, the grease existing in the pockets 7 and 7 is transferred from the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the rim portion 5 on the rear side in the movement direction to the outside of the pockets 7 and 7. To be discharged.

  Since the flow direction of the grease in the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 coincides with the moving direction of the cage 2a, the grease passing through the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 The degree of resistance against axial movement is lower than in the case of grease that is pushed away in the radial direction of the rim parts 5 and 5. The amount of grease that is pushed away in the radial direction by the two rim portions 5 and 5 is suppressed to the extent that a portion of the grease passes through the oil passage recesses 9 and 9. For this reason, the resistance to the axial displacement of the cage 2a, which is caused by the viscous resistance and stirring resistance of the grease, is reduced. As a result, for example, when it is incorporated in the select / shift mechanism portion of a manual transmission for an automobile, the force required for the select operation can be reduced and the operational feeling of the shift lever can be improved. In the case of this example, the grease removed by the large chamfered portions 10 and 10 to the outside in the radial direction by the rim portion 5 on the front side in the moving direction is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the cage 2a and the housing. It is easy to enter between the inner peripheral surface, and the resistance based on the presence of the grease can also be suppressed from this surface. The radial width of the chamfered portions 10 and 10 is preferably 0.2 times or more the diameter of the balls 3 and 3 held in the pockets 7 and 7. By providing the large chamfered portions 10 and 10 in this way, it is possible to suppress the rim portions 5 and 5 from being resistant to grease movement.

  Further, a part of the grease enters the pockets 7 and 7 from the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the rim portion 5 on the front side in the moving direction, and the rim portion 5 on the rear side in the moving direction. The inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 1 (outer ring raceway) and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft (inner ring raceway) until the oil passage recesses 9, 9 formed on the outer peripheral edge are discharged out of the pockets 7, 7. And the rolling contact portion between the balls 3 and 3 and the rolling surfaces thereof are lubricated. The grease is fed along the arrangement direction of the balls 3 and 3 from the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 on the front side in the movement direction toward the oil passage recesses 9 and 9 on the rear side in the movement direction. For this reason, it is possible to effectively lubricate the rolling contact portions and improve the durability of the slide ball bearing.

[Second Example of Embodiment]
3 to 4 also show a second example of an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 5. FIG. In the case of this example, the oil-permeable recesses 9a, 9a are respectively provided in the portions that are aligned with the pockets 7, 7 in the circumferential direction at a plurality of circumferentially equidistant positions on the inner peripheral edge of the cage 2b. It is formed in a state of being recessed radially outward from the inner peripheral edge. Then, the outer and inner surfaces of the pair of rim portions 5 and 5 constituting the cage 2b are communicated with each other through these oil-permeable recesses 9a and 9a.
The configuration and operation other than that the positions where the oil passage recesses 9a and 9a are formed are changed from the outer peripheral edge to the inner peripheral edge of the rim portions 5 and 5 are the same as those in the first example of the embodiment described above. Equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

[Third example of embodiment]
5 to 6 also show a third example of the embodiment of the invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 5. FIG. In the case of this example, the oil-permeable recesses 9 and 9a are respectively provided in the portions that are aligned with the pockets 7 and 7 in the circumferential direction at a plurality of circumferentially equally spaced locations on both the inner and outer peripheral edges of the cage 2c. It is formed in a state of being recessed from the outer peripheral edge radially inward and from the inner peripheral edge radially outward. Then, the outer and inner surfaces of the pair of rim portions 5 and 5 constituting the retainer 2c are communicated with each other through these oil passage recesses 9 and 9a.

In the case of such a structure of the present example, the oil passage recesses 9 and 9a are formed on the inner and outer peripheral edges of the rim portions 5 and 5, respectively. The opening area can be secured, and the resistance based on the presence of grease can be kept lower.
Further, the grease fed from the oil passage recesses 9 and 9a on the front side in the movement direction toward the oil passage recesses 9 and 9a on the rear side in the movement direction is caused by the rolling surfaces of the balls 3 and 3 and the outer ring 1 It is sent directly to each rolling contact portion between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft. For this reason, each of the rolling contact portions can be more effectively lubricated to further improve the durability of the slide ball bearing.
The configuration and operation other than that the positions where the oil-permeable recesses 9 and 9a are formed are changed to the inner and outer peripheral edges of the rim portions 5 and 5 are the same as those of the first example of the embodiment described above and the embodiment described above. Since it is the same as that of the 2nd example, the same numerals are given to an equivalent part and the overlapping explanation is omitted.

[Fourth Example of Embodiment]
7 to 8 show a fourth example of the embodiment of the invention corresponding to claims 1, 3, and 5. FIG. In the case of this example, the outer periphery of the cage 2d is passed through a plurality of equally spaced circumferential positions, specifically, at positions aligned with the opposite ends of every other pocket 7 and 7 in the circumferential direction. Oil recesses 9c, 9c are formed. These through oil recess 9c, the width _{W 9c} in the circumferential direction of 9c is the width _{W 7} or more in the circumferential direction of the pockets _{7,7 (W 9c ≧ W 7)} . In the case of this example, the width W _9c in the circumferential direction of each oil passage recess 9c, 9c is increased by the amount of the oil passage recesses 9c, 9c reduced.
Since the configuration and operation other than the change in the number and size (shape) of the oil-permeable recesses 9c and 9c are the same as those in the first example of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the equivalent parts. The overlapping description is omitted.

[Fifth Example of Embodiment]
Although not shown in the drawings, as in the invention described in claim 4 , one or both of the inner and outer side surfaces in the radial direction of the cage in a part of the plurality of pillars constituting the cage. In addition, a groove-shaped oil passage recess can be formed in a state where both axial end surfaces of the cage are in communication with each other. Such grease that passes through the oil-passing recesses formed in the portions away from the pockets is not used for lubrication of the rolling contact portions between the rolling elements and the mating surfaces held in the pockets. For this reason, when implementing the said groove-shaped oil-permeable recessed part, combining with the oil-permeable recessed part formed in the part aligned with a pocket is preferable. However, the effect of reducing the resistance to the axial displacement of the cage can be obtained even with only the groove-shaped oil passage recess.

The present invention can provide a great effect when applied to a slide ball bearing that allows axial displacement between an outer ring and a shaft inserted into the inner diameter side of the rolling element based on the rolling of the rolling element . Furthermore , the use of the slide type radial rolling bearing of the present invention is not limited to a manual transmission for automobiles. The present invention can be applied to various mechanical devices that need to allow axial displacement and rotational movement.

The perspective view which shows the 1st example of embodiment of this invention in the state which cut | disconnected only the outer ring | wheel. The A arrow line view of Drawing 1 which omits and shows an outer ring similarly. The perspective view which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention in the state which cut | disconnected only the outer ring | wheel. FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The perspective view which shows the 3rd example of embodiment of this invention in the state which cut | disconnected only the outer ring | wheel. FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow C in FIG. The perspective view which shows the 4th example of embodiment of this invention in the state which cut | disconnected only the outer ring | wheel. FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow D in FIG. The perspective view which shows one example of conventional structure in the state which cut | disconnected only the outer ring | wheel. FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG.

1 outer ring 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d cage 3 ball 4a, 4b collar 5 rim 6 pillar 7 pocket 9, 9a, 9b, 9c oil passage recess 10 chamfer

Claims (5)

A cylindrical outer ring, a cylindrical retainer disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring, and a plurality of rolling elements that are rotatably held by the retainer;
Of these, the outer ring has a cylindrical outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, and is provided with flanges that are inwardly flanged at both ends in the axial direction.
The cage includes a plurality of pillars arranged in parallel with each other at intervals in the circumferential direction between a pair of rim parts that are annular and are concentrically arranged with each other. A portion surrounded by four sides by a rim portion and a column portion adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is used as a pocket, and an axial dimension that is an interval between the outer surfaces of the both rim portions is the height of the both flange portions. It is smaller than the interval between the inner side surfaces , and is supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction.
Each rolling element is held in each pocket so as to freely roll ,
Displacing the cage and the rolling elements in grease applied to the inner diameter side of the outer ring,
In sliding radial rolling bearings,
An oil passage recess that is recessed in a radial direction from at least one of the inner and outer peripheral edges of at least one of the rim parts is formed between the inner and outer side surfaces of the rim part. A slide-type radial rolling bearing characterized by being provided in a state of communicating with each other.   The width of each oil-permeable recess in the circumferential direction is smaller than the width of each pocket in the circumferential direction. The sliding radial rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the same number as each of these pockets is provided for each peripheral edge of the sliding-type radial bearing.   The width of each oil-permeable recess in the circumferential direction is equal to or greater than the width of each pocket in the circumferential direction. The sliding radial rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the sliding radial rolling bearing is provided at a matching portion. A cylindrical outer ring, a cylindrical retainer disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring, and a plurality of rolling elements that are rotatably held by the retainer;
Of these, the outer ring has a cylindrical outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, and is provided with flanges that are inwardly flanged at both ends in the axial direction.
The cage includes a plurality of pillars arranged in parallel with each other at intervals in the circumferential direction between a pair of rim parts that are annular and are concentrically arranged with each other. A portion surrounded by four sides by a rim portion and a column portion adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is used as a pocket, and an axial dimension that is an interval between the outer surfaces of the both rim portions is the height of the both flange portions. It is smaller than the interval between the inner side surfaces , and is supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction.
Each rolling element is held in each pocket so as to freely roll ,
Displacing the cage and the rolling elements in grease applied to the inner diameter side of the outer ring,
In sliding radial rolling bearings,
Of each of the column parts, at least one side surface of the inner and outer side surfaces of at least some of the column parts is provided with oil passage recesses that are recessed in the radial direction from the side surfaces. A slide-type radial rolling bearing characterized by being provided in a communicating state.   Each rolling element is a ball, and each of these balls is arranged in series with respect to the axial direction of the cage, and a plurality of each ball is arranged in each pocket. Slide type radial rolling bearing.

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