JP5055866B2 - Micro recess processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention provides a fine recess processing for use in forming a fine recess (oil sump) for realizing low friction on an outer peripheral surface of a workpiece, for example, an outer peripheral surface of a crankpin, a journal, or a cam journal. it relates to the equipment.

Conventionally, as a fine recess processing apparatus for forming a fine recess on the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece such as a crank pin, a journal, or a cam journal as described above, for example, a roller shaft having a fine convex portion on the outer peripheral surface is provided. In this processing apparatus, the workpiece is rotated while pressing the fine convex portion of the processing roller against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece with a constant load. A fine recess is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.
JP 2002-361351 A

  However, in the above-described conventional fine recess processing apparatus, when fine recess processing is performed using this fine recess processing apparatus, a fine recess along the rotation axis of the workpiece is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. Therefore, there is a problem that a sufficiently low friction effect cannot be expected, and it has been a conventional problem to solve these problems.

  The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and a fine recess processing apparatus and a fine structure capable of forming a fine recess for realizing low friction on the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece. It aims at providing the recessed part processing method.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have formed a fine recess on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece using a processing roller having a fine convex portion on the outer peripheral surface. The inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by inclining the fine convex portion of the roller with respect to the roller axis, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the fine recess processing apparatus of the present invention is a fine recess processing apparatus that forms fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece, and includes a main shaft that holds the workpiece and rotationally drives it, and an outer peripheral surface. A processing roller having a fine convex portion and rotatably supported by a roller shaft, and a fine load of the processing roller on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating workpiece by applying a radial load to the processing roller. Load generating means for pressing the convex portion is provided, and the fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller is inclined with respect to the roller axis, and the fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller is It has an acute angle cutting edge located on one end face side and the front side in the rotation direction, and an obtuse angle edge edge located on the other end face side of the processing roller and on the rear side in the rotation direction. The obtuse angles of the blades are different from each other. It has been characterized, and a means for solving the conventional problems described above the structure of the fine concave machining apparatus.

Oite fine recesses processing equipment of the present invention, since is inclined fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller to the roller axis, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, the rotation of the workpiece A minute recess having an inclination with respect to the axis is formed, and therefore a sufficiently low friction effect can be expected.

  According to the present invention, since it has the above-described configuration, it is possible to provide a very excellent effect that it is possible to form fine concave portions for realizing low friction on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.

  In the fine recess processing apparatus of the present invention, the fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller is inclined with respect to the roller shaft, and the processing roller is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. When performing, the moment when the fine convex portion of the processing roller partially contacts the outer peripheral surface of the work piece (the sharp edge located on one end surface side of the processing roller and the front side in the rotation direction is the outer peripheral surface of the work piece. There is a concern that the tool life will be shortened.

  Therefore, in the fine recess processing apparatus of the present invention, the pressing displacement amount measuring means for measuring the pressing displacement amount at the stage when the processing roller is pressed against the workpiece, and the workpiece that is driven to rotate about the roller shaft of the processing roller. It is desirable to adopt a configuration including a roller tilting unit that tilts with respect to the rotation axis. In this case, the contact state between the processing roller and the workpiece can be changed, that is, the shape of the workpiece is changed. At the same time, the pressing angle of the processing roller can be changed. By controlling the partial surface pressure of the processing roller, the depth of the fine recess can be partially changed, and the life of the processing roller can be extended. It becomes.

Then, the sliding member having processed fine recesses with a fine recess processing equipment of the present invention described above on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding surface, good shape accuracy of the formed fine recesses on the sliding surface thereof Therefore, the fine recesses become a lubricating oil pool, and the flow of the lubricating oil can be efficiently controlled. As a result, the friction can be reduced.

  That is, the above-mentioned sliding member is a crankshaft having a journal and pin having fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface, a camshaft having a journal and cam lobe having fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface, and a journal having fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface. In the case of an engine component such as a balancer shaft equipped with a fine concave portion formed on the outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface, it becomes a lubricating oil pool, and the flow of the lubricating oil can be controlled efficiently. As a result, the sliding resistance becomes low, which can contribute to improvement in fuel consumption.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fine recess processing apparatus 1 includes a main shaft 3 that rotationally drives a workpiece (sliding member) W held via a chuck 2 and a processing that is rotatably supported by a roller shaft 4. The roller 5 and a load generating mechanism 20 that applies a load in the radial direction (Z-axis direction) to the processing roller 5 and presses the fine convex portion of the processing roller 5 against the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W that rotates. A load cell 6 as a load measuring means for measuring a load by the load generating mechanism 20, and a pressing amount measuring section as a pressing displacement measuring means for measuring a pressing displacement amount when the processing roller 5 is pressed against the workpiece W. 7, and the processing roller 5 includes a fine convex portion that is inclined with respect to the roller shaft 4 on the outer peripheral surface thereof.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller 5 is an acute angle blade edge 5 a located on one end surface side of the processing roller 5 and on the front side in the rotation direction, and the other end surface of the processing roller 5. It is assumed to have an obtuse angle edge 5b positioned and the rotational direction rear side on the side, the rotating diameter d ₂ of the rotating diameter d ₁ and the other end face side obtuse cutting edge 5b of the acute edge 5a of one end face of the working roller 5 to each other It is wrong.

  The load generating mechanism 20 includes a housing 21, an arm 22 that supports the processing roller 5 via the roller shaft 4 and can move forward and backward in the Z-axis direction with respect to the housing 21, and the arm 22 disposed in the housing 21. A coil spring 23 as load generating means for pressing and biasing the processing roller 5 against the workpiece W, and the load cell 6 is disposed between the housing 21 and the coil spring 23. The pressing amount measuring unit 7 described above is disposed at the lower end of the housing 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the fine recess processing apparatus 1 includes an actuator as a roller tilting unit that tilts the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 with respect to the rotation axis L of the workpiece W that is rotationally driven by the main shaft 3. 8 is provided. The actuator 8 has a rotation drive shaft 8a. The other end of the swing arm 9 having one end fixed to the rotation drive shaft 8a is connected to the housing 21 of the load generating mechanism 20 and is on an extension line of the rotation drive shaft 8a. And the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 intersect each other so that the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 can be tilted (rotated about the B axis) with respect to the rotation axis L.

  Then, by disposing the actuator 8 on the movable bed 10 that moves in three axis directions (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction) orthogonal to each other, the processing roller 5 is pressed in the roller pressing direction (Z-axis direction). And in a direction perpendicular to this (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction).

Furthermore, the fine recesses processing device 1, the inclination angle γ of the roller shaft 4 of the machining roller 5 was calculated and Ru Tei includes a control unit 11 for outputting the calculation result to the actuator 8.

Therefore, the main territory be described to form fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W with the fine recesses processing apparatus 1 described above.

First, through the switch jack 2 with to hold the workpiece W to the main spindle 3, after moving the working roller 5 in the machining start position, the start of the descent of the machining roller 5, the workpiece machining roller 5 pressed against the outer peripheral surface Wa of the object W, it is measured by the pressing amount measuring unit 7 the pressing displacement of η to the workpiece W of the machining roller 5. Next Ide, tilting the roller shaft 4 of the working roller 5 only gamma.

At this time, since the position of the processing roller 5 moves in the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. 4 , in step 107, the movable bed 10 is operated to position the processing roller 5 at a predetermined processing site, thereby processing the processing roller 5. The position of the roller 5 in the X-axis direction is corrected . The operation of these is repeated until the signal from the load cell 6 reaches a predetermined load.

  Here, the pressing displacement amount η of the processing roller 5 is investigated in advance and input together with the diameter of the processing roller 5 at the start of processing, and the tilt angle γ of the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 is calculated and tilted. Following this, after correcting the position of the processing roller 5 in the X-axis direction, the processing roller 5 may be pressed against the workpiece W.

Then, at the stage where the signal from the load cell 6 reaches a predetermined load, by operating the main shaft 3 rotates the workpiece W, actuation of the movable bed 10 of the machining roller 5 in the X-axis direction Start feeding.

Then, the processing by the control as noted above is carried out over the outer peripheral surface Wa entire workpiece W, when the outer peripheral surface Wa entire fine recesses of the workpiece W is formed, to increase the machining roller 5 , to end a pressing factory.

As described above, in the micro-concave portion machining apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the processing roller 5 of minute projections, sharp edge 5a and the processing roller 5 and positioned in the rotation direction front side at one end face of the working roller 5 The obtuse angled blade edge 5b is located on the other end surface side and on the rear side in the rotation direction. In addition, the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 is inclined with respect to the rotation axis L. As a result, it is possible to suppress the partial contact between the portion and the workpiece W (the sharp edge 5a of the fine convex portion can be suppressed from hitting the workpiece W), and as a result, the processing roller Thus, the service life of 5 will be greatly extended.

  In this embodiment, the pressing of the processing roller 5 is controlled at a constant pressure so that a predetermined load is obtained, but it is also possible to perform a constant size control so that the pressing displacement amount η of the processing roller 5 becomes a predetermined value. .

5 to 8 show a fine recess processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the difference between the fine concave portion processing apparatus 31 of this embodiment and the fine concave portion processing apparatus 1 of the previous embodiment is to measure the diameter of the part where the dimension of the workpiece W is different. to two of there in that the workpiece diameter measuring part (workpiece diameter measuring means) 12, 13 digits set, the other structure is the same as fine recesses processing device 1 in the previous embodiment.

Therefore, the main territory be described to form fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W with the fine recesses processing apparatus 31 described above.

First, the cutting edge 5a of the both end faces of the machining roller 5, and the rotation diameter d _1, d ₂ of 5b, the width w of the processing roller 5, a pressing load, the working range, the rotational speed of the workpiece W If, following the input processing conditions measured in advance, such as feed speed in the X-axis direction to the controller 11, along with to hold the workpiece W to the main spindle 3 via the switch jack 2, the processing roller 5 Is moved to the machining start position.

Then, to start the descent of the machining roller 5, as shown in FIG. 7, the measuring the acute angle edge side diameter D ₁ corresponding to the acute angle edge 5a of the workpiece W at the workpiece diameter measuring unit 12, measuring the obtuse angle edge side diameter D ₂ corresponding to the obtuse angle edge 5b of the workpiece W at the workpiece diameter measuring unit 13, is lowered further processing roller 5 Thereafter, the outer periphery of the working roller 5 the workpiece W The pressing displacement measuring unit 7 measures the pressing displacement η of the processing roller 5 against the workpiece W by pressing against the surface Wa . Next Ide, tilting the roller shaft 4 of the working roller 5 only gamma.

In this case, as in the embodiment described above, the position of the working roller 5 (see FIG. 4) for moving the X-axis direction, the movable bed 10 so as to position the machining roller 5 to a predetermined machining area Is operated to correct the position of the processing roller 5 in the X-axis direction . The operation of these is repeated until the signal from the load cell 6 reaches a predetermined load.

Next, the processing at the stage of the signal from load cell 6 reaches a predetermined load, by operating the main shaft 3 rotates the workpiece W, or the processing conditions entered by operating the movable bed 10 in first The roller 5 is moved in the X-axis direction to start processing.

Then, during processing, as well as measure the acute angle edge side diameter D ₁ and the obtuse angle edge side diameter D ₂ of the workpiece W at a normal time the workpiece diameter measuring unit 12, 13, displacement pressed by the pressing amount measuring section 7 measuring the eta, the roller shaft 4 of the machining roller 5 Following the tilting only gamma, b over La shaft 4 to modify the X-axis direction position of the machining roller 5 caused by tilting.

Here too, the acute angle edge side diameter D ₁ , the obtuse angle edge side diameter D ₂ and the pressing displacement amount η of the processing roller 5 of the workpiece W are input in advance together with the diameter of the processing roller 5 at the start of processing. The value may be used.

Following correction of the X-axis direction position of the machining roller 5 described above, was measured in the pressing load of the machining roller 5, the pressing load is always correct Z-axis direction position of the machining roller 5 to be constant.

Then, the processing by the control as noted above is carried out over the outer peripheral surface Wa entire workpiece W, when the outer peripheral surface Wa entire fine recesses of the workpiece W is formed, to increase the machining roller 5 , to end a pressing factory.

As described above, in the micro-concave portion machining apparatus 3 1 of this embodiment, the processing roller 5 of minute projections, sharp edge 5a and the processing roller 5 and positioned in the rotation direction front side at one end face of the working roller 5 The obtuse angled cutting edge 5b is located on the other end surface side and on the rear side in the rotation direction, and the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 is inclined with respect to the rotation axis L. Since the processing is performed based on the diameters D ₁ and D ₂ of the parts having different dimensions measured by the workpiece diameter measuring units 12 and 13, the workpiece W having a partially different diameter is processed. At this time, partial contact between the fine convex portion of the processing roller 5 and the workpiece W can be suppressed to a small amount (the sharp edge 5a of the fine convex portion can be suppressed from hitting the workpiece W with one piece. As a result, processing low Thus, the life of the roller 5 can be greatly extended.

Further, the fine recesses processing apparatus 3 1 of this embodiment, as described above, two of the dimensions measured by the workpiece diameter measuring unit 12, 13 in accordance with the diameter D _1, D ₂ of each of the different sites Since the processing is performed, a highly accurate fine recess can be formed also on the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W partially having a different diameter.

  Also in this embodiment, the pressing of the processing roller 5 is controlled at a constant pressure so as to be a predetermined load, but it is also possible to perform a constant dimension control so that the pressing displacement amount η of the processing roller 5 becomes a predetermined value. is there.

FIG. 9 shows a fine recess processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9 , the micro recess processing apparatus 51 of this embodiment is different from the micro recess processing apparatus 1 of the previous embodiment in that the processing roller 5 forms the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W. There monitor (machining shape measuring means) 15 for measuring the fine recesses immediately to the point digits set, the other structure is the same as fine recesses processing device 1 in the previous embodiment.

Therefore, the main territory be described to form fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W with the fine recesses processing apparatus 51 described above.

First, the main shaft is followed to enter the machining conditions such as the feed speed in the rotational speed and the X-axis direction of the push and with load or workpiece W to the control unit 11, the workpiece W via the switch jack 2 causes held in 3, after moving the working roller 5 in the machining start position to start the descent of the machining roller 5, the signal from the load cell 6 is moved down the processing roller 5 to a predetermined load.

Then, by operating the main shaft 3 rotates the workpiece W, actuation of the movable bed 10 to start the X-axis direction of the feed of the processing roller 5, during processing, the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W In addition to measuring the fine recess immediately after being formed on the monitor 15, the controller 11 calculates the maximum width Tw1 and the minimum width Tw2 of the fine recess based on the measurement result.

Thereafter, control compares the maximum width Tw1 and minimum width Tw2 of fine recesses calculated in control unit 11 is made, if it is determined that T w1> Tw2, the roller shaft 4 of the machining roller 5 in the rotation axis L It is inclined at an obtuse angle side against, on the other hand, if it is determined that T w1 <Tw2, and the roller shaft 4 of the machining roller 5 is inclined at an acute angle side with respect to the rotation axis L, controlled to a Tw1 = Tw2 Is made.

  At this time, even if a permissible range is set for the maximum width Tw1 and the minimum width Tw2 of the fine recess, and strictly not Tw1 = Tw2, the maximum width Tw1 and the minimum width of the fine recess are within the permissible range. You may control so that Tw2 may be included.

Then, the processing by the control as noted above is carried out over the outer peripheral surface Wa entire workpiece W, when the outer peripheral surface Wa entire fine recesses of the workpiece W is formed, to increase the machining roller 5 Te, to end a pressing factory.

As described above, in the micro-concave portion machining apparatus 5 1 of the embodiment, based on the shape of the minute depressions immediately processed were measured by the monitor 15 during processing, the correction of the inclination angle γ of Russia over La shaft 4 Therefore, after the structure is simplified, the partial contact between the fine convex portion of the processing roller 5 and the workpiece W can be suppressed to be small (the acute angle cutting edge 5a of the fine convex portion. As a result, the life of the processing roller 5 can be greatly extended.

Also, Oite fine recesses processing device 5 1 of the embodiment, the outer peripheral surface Wa of partially different diameters workpiece W, and thus capable of forming a fine concave precision.

Incidentally, Oite fine recesses processing equipment of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a processing roller 5A which is not inclined to the roller shaft 4 to the rotation axis L, the fine convex portions of the outer peripheral surface However, the processing roller 5A having the shape of a fine convex portion that contacts the outer peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W in a state where the roller shaft 4 of the processing roller 5 in each of the above-described embodiments is inclined with respect to the rotation axis L. May be used.

A sliding member having processed fine recesses with a fine recess machining equipment of the embodiment described above the outer peripheral surface of the sliding surface, a crank shaft with a journal and pin having an outer peripheral surface of the fine recesses, In the case of engine parts such as a journal having a fine recess on the outer peripheral surface and a camshaft having a cam lobe and a balancer shaft having a journal having a fine concave portion on the outer peripheral surface, it is formed on the outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface. Thus, the fine recesses become a lubricating oil pool, and the flow of the lubricating oil can be efficiently controlled. As a result, the sliding resistance is low, which can contribute to an improvement in fuel consumption.

It is front explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the fine recessed part processing apparatus of this invention. Example 1 It is side surface explanatory drawing of the fine recessed part processing apparatus of FIG. Example 1 FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged side explanatory view (a) and an enlarged front explanatory view (b) showing how a processing roller hits a workpiece in the fine recessed portion processing apparatus of FIG. 1. Example 1 FIG. 3 is an enlarged front explanatory view of a processing roller portion showing a correction procedure in the X-axis direction of the processing roller in the fine recess processing apparatus of FIG. 1. It is front explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the fine recessed part processing apparatus of this invention. (Example 2) It is side surface explanatory drawing of the micro recessed part processing apparatus of FIG. (Example 2) It is an expansion front explanatory view of the processing roller part in the fine crevice processing device of Drawing 5. (Example 2) FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged side explanatory view (a) and an enlarged front explanatory view (b) showing how the processing roller hits the workpiece in the fine recess processing apparatus of FIG. 6. (Example 2) It is the expansion front explanatory drawing (a) and enlarged side explanatory drawing (b) of the process roller part which show the further another Example of the fine recessed part processing apparatus of this invention. (Example 3) It is expansion front explanatory drawing of the processing roller part which shows the other structural example of the processing roller used for the fine recessed part processing apparatus of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,31,51 Fine recessed part processing apparatus 3 Main axis | shaft 4 Roller axis | shaft 5 Processing roller 5a Acute angle cutting edge of a fine convex part 5b Obtuse angle cutting edge of a fine convex part 6 Load cell (load measuring means)
7 Pressing amount measuring section (Pressing displacement measuring means)
8 Actuator (Roller tilting means)
11 Control Unit 12, 13 Workpiece Diameter Measuring Unit (Workpiece Diameter Measuring Means)
15 Monitor (Measuring shape measuring means)
23 Coil spring (load generating means)
D workpiece diameter D ₁ rotation diameter W workpiece rotation diameter d ₂ obtuse edge of obtuse edge side diameter d ₁ sharp edge sharp edge side diameter D ₂ workpiece workpiece

Claims (9)

A fine recess processing apparatus for forming fine recesses on the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece, the main shaft for holding and rotating the workpiece, and a roller shaft having a fine convex portion on the outer peripheral surface. A processing roller that is rotatably supported, and a load generating means that applies a radial load to the processing roller and presses the fine convex portion of the processing roller against the outer peripheral surface of the rotating workpiece.
The fine convex part provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller is inclined with respect to the roller axis,
The fine convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the processing roller has an acute angle cutting edge located on one end surface side of the processing roller and on the front side in the rotation direction, and an obtuse angle cutting edge located on the other end surface side of the processing roller and on the rear side in the rotation direction. In addition, the fine recess processing apparatus is characterized in that an acute angle cutting edge rotation diameter on one end surface side of the processing roller and an obtuse angle edge rotation diameter on the other end surface side are different from each other. Roller tilting means for tilting relative to the axis of rotation of the machining and pressing shift measuring means roller to measure the displacement of pressing in step pressed against the workpiece, the workpiece the roller shaft of the working roller is driven to rotate the main shaft The fine recess processing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   A sliding member comprising an outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface and having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 on the outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface.   An engine component comprising an outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface and having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 on the outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface.   A crankshaft comprising a journal having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 on an outer peripheral surface.   A crankshaft comprising a pin having a fine recess formed on the outer peripheral surface by the fine recess processing apparatus according to claim 1.   A camshaft comprising a journal having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 on an outer peripheral surface.   A camshaft comprising a cam lobe having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 on an outer peripheral surface.   A balancer shaft comprising a journal having fine concave portions processed by the fine concave portion processing apparatus according to claim 1 on an outer peripheral surface.

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