JP5065640B2 - Belt or roller for image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably give proper conductivity to a fluororesin layer on the surface of a transfer belt or a fixing roller, or the like, for an image forming apparatus without adversely affecting the pealability, or the like, far easily and inexpensively than the methods adopted conventionally. <P>SOLUTION: A surface layer in which (RfSO<SB>2</SB>)<SB>2</SB>NLi (Rf is a perfluoro alkyl group) is blended in fluororesin, principally constituted of either or both a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro alkyl vinyl ether copolymer and polytetrafluoroethylene, and which has predetermined surface resistivity is formed on the belt, or the roller for the image forming apparatus. (RfSO<SB>2</SB>)<SB>2</SB>NLi is (CF<SB>3</SB>SO<SB>2</SB>)<SB>2</SB>NLi or (C<SB>2</SB>F<SB>5</SB>SO<SB>2</SB>)<SB>2</SB>NLi. (RfSO<SB>2</SB>)<SB>2</SB>NLi is blended at 0.003 to 3.0 pts.wt. with respect to 100 pts.wt. of the fluororesin principally constituted of either or both of PFA and PTFE, which are the principal components. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, and more particularly to a belt or roller for an image forming apparatus having a predetermined surface resistivity with an ionic conductive material.

  In an image forming apparatus such as a color copying machine or a color laser printer, an image composed of toners of four colors of red, blue, yellow and black formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred to a transfer material (paper) by a transfer belt. Further, the toner image is fixed to the transfer material by being heated and pressed by a fixing belt (so-called endless belt) or a fixing roller (FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1). At this time, the transfer of toner uses static electricity, and the fine powdery toner is not only easily attached to an object but also easily attached to a charged object. And the like need not only have high releasability (removability of toner, non-adhesiveness with other substances in a broad sense) but also appropriate conductivity.

  That is, the transfer belt, the fixing roller, etc. are charged by friction with the transfer material, etc. in the process of toner transfer and fixing, but the conductivity of the fluororesin forming the surface layer of the transfer belt, the fixing roller, etc. is too low, Part of the toner is attracted to the surface of the charged fluororesin, which in turn adversely affects image formation. On the other hand, if the conductivity is too high, the transfer charge leaks and the force for attracting the toner is weakened, resulting in adverse effects such as electrostatic offset. For this reason, appropriate electrical conductivity is required.

In addition to the above, in order to form a clear color image, the transfer belt, the fixing roller, and the like require appropriate elasticity as well as strength. That is, it is necessary not only to sufficiently heat and melt the four color toners but also to mix them and display the intermediate colors and shades clearly.
Since it is difficult to satisfy these properties with only one type of resin layer, transfer belts, fixing rollers, etc. are formed with an elastic layer on the outer periphery of the base material, and a high degree of separation as a surface layer on the outer periphery. A fluororesin layer having moldability is formed, and the fluororesin layer is provided with appropriate conductivity.

  In addition, PI (polyimide) excellent in strength and heat resistance is used for the base material, and urethane rubber or silicone rubber excellent in elasticity is used for the elastic layer. Further, an adhesion improving process such as a binder layer is formed between the base material and the elastic layer and between the elastic layer and the fluororesin layer in order to improve the adhesion. However, since the base material, the elastic layer, adhesion of each layer, and the like are not directly related to the gist of the present invention, detailed description is omitted.

  The fluororesin layer forming the surface layer has a high degree of releasability because it has a strong bond between fluorine and carbon and does not have a polar group or a functional group. It has a very high insulating property of 0E + 15Ω / □ or more and a volume resistivity of 1.0E + 15Ωcm or more. Therefore, in order to impart moderate conductivity, the main material (base resin, matrix material) of the fluororesin layer is PFA (tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer) or PTFE having a high degree of releasability. By using a resin composed of one kind of (polytetrafluoroethylene) or a mixture thereof (hereinafter, these resins are also referred to as PFA / PTFE) and adding (adding) an appropriate amount of a conductive substance to the resin, moderate conductivity can be obtained. Specifically, a surface resistivity of 1.00E + 10 to 9.99E + 14Ω / □, preferably 1.00E + 11 to 9.99E + 12Ω / □ is provided.

  As a conductive substance, an ionic conductive agent such as an electronic conductive filler such as carbon or an inorganic filler, an ionic conductive organic phosphorus salt (Patent Document 1), or a quaternary ammonium salt (Patent Document 2) is used. Further, the present invention is not limited to an image forming apparatus, and in other technical fields, a conductive agent is blended with a resin in order to impart appropriate conductivity to the material. When such a resin is a mixed resin of a resin having a polar group and a rubber-based elastic material, a metal salt composed of an anion capable of ion dissociation with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation can be used, Furthermore, it has been proposed to use such a metal salt blending accelerator together (Patent Document 3).

JP-A-8-220907 JP 2003-15432 A JP 2003-20411 A

  However, when carbon is used as an electronic conductive filler such as a PFA / PTFE dispersion, it is difficult for the current technology to uniformly disperse the carbon in the fluororesin and stabilize the conductivity. In other words, when carbon such as acetylene black is added to the PFA / PTFE dispersion, conductive carbon particles are attached around the fluororesin particles that do not have polar groups and have no conductivity. The conductive mechanism of the fluororesin may be electron hopping, and the electrical resistance drops sharply with a very small amount of compounding. By the need for technology. Only black products can be made. In addition, although the stability of conductivity due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity is good, the stability of conductivity when the voltage during transfer or fixing changes is not good.

When using a conductive inorganic filler such as SnO ₂ / Sb, In ₂ O ₃ / Sn, or ZnO / Al as an electronic conductive filler, the resistance of the conductive inorganic filler varies depending on the degree of dispersion. Although there is a risk that the product may be colored, it is the same as carbon, but the resistance value is easy to control because there is a large amount of addition to obtain an appropriate resistance value. However, if the amount added is too large, the elongation and strength of the fluororesin film may be adversely affected. In other words, when the conductive inorganic filler is blended in the PFA / PTFE dispersion, it is not kneaded into the fluororesin particles, but only sticks to the surroundings, thereby inhibiting the integration of the PFA / PTFE by melting during firing. .

  Since the conductive mechanism of the electron conductive filler is electron hopping, there are various difficulties in stably providing a conductivity of about 1.00E + 11Ω / □, whereas an ion conductive agent is a polymer. It can be of any conductivity. For this reason, there is little variation in conductivity, and the stability of the conductivity due to voltage fluctuation is good, but since there is a polar group such as a hydroxyl (OH) group at the end of the ionic conductive material, the addition amount increases. If the toner separation property and the contact angle are reduced or the compatibility with the polymer is poor, the resistance value is increased by bleeding out or the contacted object is soiled.

  In order to prevent bleed-out, for example, treatment such as stabilization by putting an ionic conductive material in the soft segment portion of the resin is necessary. As a result, ionic conductive agents are used only for resins having soft segments (amorphous) such as polyurethane and polyester, or rubbers having ions or polar groups.

  However, since fluororesins such as PFA and PTFE do not have any soft segments or polar groups, it is impossible to mix polar ionic conductive agents as they are so that water with polarity and oil without polarity are difficult to mix. Have difficulty. As a countermeasure, even if a blending accelerator that serves as a surfactant (or soap) or further serves as a soft segment is blended, it will be mixed once but bleed out. Further, depending on the blending amount, the releasability of the fluororesin may be greatly reduced.

  In addition, since the ion conductive organic phosphorus salt that has been used as an effective ion conductive agent is poor in the effect of reducing the resistance, it is necessary to add about 10%, which adversely affects the releasability of the fluororesin layer. Furthermore, the contained phosphorus is currently designated as a prohibited substance by OA equipment manufacturers, and it is difficult to use from this aspect.

In addition to the above, the resin layer and transfer belt of the fixing roller have a multi-layer structure, and the substrate is mainly responsible for the strength required to resist external forces. Strength, elongation, and the like are necessary, and the type and amount of the conductive material to be blended are also limited from this aspect.
In particular, since a belt bends and bends repeatedly, unlike a roller, it is important that the blended conductive agent does not impair the mechanical strength of the fluororesin layer.

  For this reason, it is much easier and less expensive than these conventionally employed methods, and it adversely affects the releasability of the fluororesin layer on the surface of a transfer belt or fixing roller for an image forming apparatus. There has been a demand for the development of a technique that stably provides appropriate electrical conductivity without imparting any odor.

The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-described problems, and (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is blended with a fluororesin layer on the surface of a transfer belt, a fixing roller or the like for an image forming apparatus. is there. The invention of each claim will be described below.

The invention described in claim 1
(RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi (Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group) is blended with a fluororesin mainly composed of one or both of a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and polytetrafluoroethylene, A belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, wherein a surface layer having a predetermined surface resistivity is formed.

In the invention of this claim, both PFA and PTFE are basically molecules having a structure in which carbon atoms bonded with two fluorine atoms are arranged in a line, and therefore two molecules per one carbon atom. (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi having a similar structure (Rf) with fluorine atoms bonded to each other has a polarity, but disperses and dissolves in the fluororesin without difficulty. Exactly, alcohol has a polar group (hydroxyl group), but other molecular structures are the same, so it is mixed with petroleum having no polarity.

In addition, (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, for example, unlike RfSO ₃ Li, has N (nitrogen atom) at the center of the anion, and sulfonyl groups (SO ₂ ) are bonded to both sides of the anion. , Negative electrical delocalization occurs. Further, a perfluoroalkyl group (Rf) is bonded to the outside of each of the two sulfonyl groups on both sides of N. For this reason, due to the strong electron withdrawing property of each of three or more fluorine atoms on both sides of N, the negative charge is further outward from N which is the center of the anion (two Rf at both ends where fluorine is bonded). To the side) strongly pulled. For these reasons, (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ N ⁻ is not only stably present as an anion but also easily dissociates lithium. Furthermore, the dissociated lithium ions easily move due to the molecular vibration of the fluororesin, and as a result, when a voltage is applied from the outside, the lithium ions move to exhibit appropriate conductivity of the fluororesin layer.
In addition, compared with RfSO ₃ Li, it is familiar with PFA and PTFE, and bleed-out is suppressed.

  Here, lithium ions are used as cations because lithium ions have a small atomic weight and can easily move between resin matrices, so that good and stable conductivity can be secured with a small amount of addition, and the release of the fluororesin layer can be ensured. This is because it does not adversely affect sex.

  In a current-carrying durability test (also simply referred to as a durability test) of a transfer belt or the like, mechanical and physical loads such as bending greatly affect the performance. The surface layer imparted with ionic conductivity according to this claim has an ionic conductivity (as compared to the one added with an electronic conductive filler) because the ionic conductive agent is dispersed in the molecular order in the fluororesin layer. Simply called durability).

  In addition, the fluororesin that has “one or both of PFA and PTFE as the main component” has a high degree of releasability among fluororesins, has excellent heat resistance, and is capable of deforming the elastic layer. This is because it has mechanical properties that can be followed sufficiently.

The invention according to claim 2 is the belt or roller for the image forming apparatus,
The (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is a belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, which is (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi or (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi.

For example, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, (C ₃ F ₇ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, (C ₅ F ₈ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, or the like is preferably used. it can. Among them, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi and (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi have a small molecular weight of (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, and therefore a predetermined conductivity can be obtained only by blending a small amount. Therefore, leading to cost reduction, and because the unfavorable influence to the fluororesin layer as the matrix is suppressed by (RfSO ₂₎ adding 2 _NLi, it is particularly preferred.

The invention according to claim 3 is the belt or roller for the image forming apparatus,
The (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is based on 100 parts by weight of a fluororesin mainly composed of one or both of a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and polytetrafluoroethylene as main components, A belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, characterized by containing 0.003 to 3.0 parts by weight.

In the invention of this claim, since the blending amount of (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi with Li ⁺ as a cation and a perfluoroalkyl group at both ends as an anion is appropriate, the fluororesin layer has only moderate conductivity. In addition, good releasability is ensured, and the decrease in tensile strength and elongation is slight.
Here, the blending amount is 0.003 parts by weight or more because the conductivity is insufficient when it is less than 0.003 parts by weight, and the amount of 3.0 parts by weight or less is 3.0 parts by weight. This is because if it exceeds the part, the releasability and tensile strength are insufficient.

Although depending on the type and design of the image forming apparatus, 100 parts by weight of a fluororesin mainly composed of either or both of PFA and PTFE as main components is used from the aspect of ensuring appropriate conductivity. In contrast, 0.1 to 1.0 part by weight of the (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is preferably blended. Furthermore, it is more preferable to add 0.3 to 0.5 parts by weight from the viewpoint of securing releasability.

The invention according to claim 4 is the belt or roller for the image forming apparatus,
The predetermined surface resistivity of the surface layer is 1.00E + 10 to 9.99E + 14Ω / □, which is a belt or roller for an image forming apparatus.

  In the invention of this claim, since the fluororesin layer has appropriate conductivity, there is no electrostatic adhesion of toner or leakage of transfer charge, and as a result, excellent image forming power is exhibited. The predetermined surface resistivity of the surface layer is more preferably 1.00E + 11 to 9.99E + 12Ω / □.

The invention according to claim 5 is the belt or roller for the image forming apparatus,
The surface layer has a thickness of 3 to 30 μm.

In the invention of this claim, since the thickness of the surface layer is appropriate, the belt or roller for an image forming apparatus having excellent image forming ability is obtained.
Here, the thickness of the surface layer is 3 μm or more in consideration of the reduction in thickness due to wear, and the reason why it is 30 μm or less is that the elasticity of the elastic layer is impaired when it exceeds 30 μm. .

The invention according to claim 6 is the belt or roller for the image forming apparatus,
The image forming apparatus belt or roller is any one of a transfer belt, a transfer fixing belt, a developing roller, a charging roller, a transfer roller, and a fixing roller.

  In the present invention, the image forming apparatus belt or roller is any one of a transfer belt, a transfer fixing belt, a developing roller, a charging roller, a transfer roller, and a fixing roller. In addition, the effect of the present invention that gives moderate conductivity while maintaining tensile strength and elongation is most exhibited.

In the present invention, since (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is blended in the fluororesin layer on the surface of a fixing belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, it is much easier and lower in comparison with a conventionally employed method. It is possible to stably give appropriate conductivity to the fluororesin layer on the surface of the transfer belt or fixing roller for the image forming apparatus without adversely affecting the releasability and the like.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the best mode. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Various modifications can be made to the following embodiments within the same and equivalent scope as the present invention.

(First embodiment)
The present embodiment relates to a transfer belt.

  In the transfer belt of the present embodiment, the base material is PI (polyimide) excellent in mechanical strength, has an elastic layer, the surface layer is a fluororesin, between the base material and the elastic layer, and the elastic layer A binder layer for improving adhesiveness is formed between the surface layer and the surface layer as in the conventional transfer belt. For this reason, description about them is omitted, and only the formation of the surface layer made of PFA · PTFE having appropriate conductivity will be described.

[Example]
As Practical Examples 1 to 4, PFA dispersion (liquid substance in which fine particles of submicron order of PFA are suspended in water) manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., PFA grade 950HP (solid content 33.5 wt%) 100 Ionic conductive agent {Imidolithium, (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi, trade name Sanconol AQ-50R, solid content 50.0% by weight} made by Sanko Chemical Co., Ltd. 0.185 parts by weight, 0.370 parts by weight. The sample blended with parts by weight, 0.741 parts by weight, and 1.481 parts by weight was mixed with a blade stirrer for 30 minutes, and the ion conductive material was sufficiently uniformly dissolved in the PFA dispersion.

  Next, the PFA dispersion in which the ionic conductive agent is dissolved is measured with a B-type viscometer, and after adjusting the viscosity, it is applied to the inner surface of a stainless steel cylinder whose inner surface is mirror-finished by a dipping method at 360 ° C. Firing was performed to obtain a PFA film having a thickness of 8 to 8.5 μm.

[Reference Examples and Comparative Examples]
As a reference example, a PFA film having a thickness of 8.5 μm was produced by applying only a PFA dispersion containing no ionic conductive material.
Further, as Comparative Examples 1 to 3, CF ₃ SO ₃ Li (ionic conductive agent, triflate, trade name Sanconol AQ manufactured by Sanko Chemical Co., Ltd.) having only one perfluoroalkylsulfone group in the same PFA dispersion as in the Examples PFA film having a thickness of 8 μm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by mixing 1.00, 5.00, and 10.00 parts by weight of -50T and solid content of 50% by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of PFA. .

  As Comparative Example 4, it was applied to a dispersion in which acicular conductive tin oxide was dispersed in the same PFA dispersion as in the example, and acicular conductive tin oxide (FS-10P manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was added to 100 parts by weight of PFA. A PFA film having a thickness of 8 μm in which 5 parts by weight of a particle diameter major axis 1 μm × minor axis 0.01 μm) was blended was prepared in the same manner as in the examples except for the dispersion of the filler. In the case of filler, since it is insufficient to disperse with a wing stirrer, a homogenizer with higher ability was used.

In addition, a needle-like filler is used in order to reduce the surface resistance to 10 ¹² Ω / □ if it is a spherical filler such as FS-100P (particle diameter 0.01 μm) manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd. This is because it is necessary to blend more than part, and the elongation and strength of the film are greatly reduced.

[Experimental result]
Under the above, the longitudinal (length, circumference) direction elongation, longitudinal tensile strength, durability, and surface resistivity at each test voltage of each PFA film were measured. The test results excluding the durability in consideration of easy viewing and easy understanding are shown in Table 1 for the reference examples and Examples 1 to 4, and in Table 2 for Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Example 2. Show. Moreover, about durability, the result of a reference example, Example 2, and the comparative example 4 is shown in Table 3.

  Durability is the number of sheets passed until cracks and wrinkles occur on the surface layer. In other words, since the belt rotates while being wound around a plurality of rollers, the belt is bent along the outer peripheral surface of the rollers and straightened back at the straight portion, thereby repeatedly receiving physical and mechanical stress. In particular, in a color printer, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black toners are sequentially formed on the transfer belt, so if one sheet is printed, these stresses are received four times. For this reason, the surface layer deteriorates according to the number of sheets to be passed, but the number of transfer belts is at least 100,000, preferably 1 million or more. Therefore, in order to confirm that the ionic conductive agent is blended but has sufficient durability, a durability confirmation test was performed.

  The dimensions other than the surface layer of the transfer belt used in the test are an inner diameter of 168φ, a width of 368 mm, a base layer thickness of 80 μm, and an elastic layer thickness of 250 μm. The apparatus used for the test is a Xerox type color printer (color printer Docprint C620 manufactured by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.) that is actually used. The main part of this apparatus is conceptually shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, 31 is a photosensitive drum, and 32 is a primary transfer roller. 33 is a secondary transfer roller, 34 is a 30φ roller (outer dimension is 30 mm), and 35 is a 28φ roller. This apparatus was actually driven and tested. In FIG. 4, the transfer belt 40 is subjected to physical and mechanical stress by bending along the outer peripheral surfaces of the φ30 roller 34 and the φ28 roller 35 and returning straight at the straight portion. In addition, since a voltage of several kilovolts is applied between the primary transfer roller 32 and the secondary transfer roller 33, an electrical stress is applied. In the durability column of Table 3, k indicates 1000 (kilo) and m indicates 1,000,000 (mega).

  In Examples 1 to 4, the changes in surface resistivity, tensile strength, and elongation until breakage are shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 when the blending amount of the ionic conductive agent is changed. .

As for elongation, tensile strength, and surface resistivity, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are 1.00E + 10 as easily understood from each Example in Table 1 or Example 2 shown again at the right end of Table 2. In order to obtain a conductivity of ˜9.99E + 14Ω / □, it is necessary to add up to 5 parts by weight of an ionic conductive agent. That is, CF ₃ SO ₃ Li needs to be blended approximately 10 times to achieve the same conductivity as (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi. Since CF ₃ SO ₃ Li has only one perfluoroalkyl sulfone group, it is considered that the attraction of ions by fluorine atoms becomes weak and Li ions are difficult to ionize.
If 5 parts by weight is blended, the elongation is 1/2 or less of each example, and the tensile strength is reduced to about 70%.
Moreover, the releasability was also lowered.

The PFA film of Comparative Example 4 blended with acicular conductive tin oxide has no particular problem with the surface resistivity, but the elongation is 1/2 or less compared to the PFA film with nothing blended as a reference example. In addition, it can be seen that the strength is greatly reduced to about 2/3.
Moreover, the releasability was also lowered.

  As can be seen from Table 3, the durability of Example 2 is very superior to that of Comparative Example 4. This is because, in Comparative Example 4 in which a filler is blended, fillers are scattered in the resin of the surface layer, so that not only mechanical and physical stresses but also electrical stresses concentrate on the portions, and fluororesin Although it causes defects in the film, it seems that in Example 2 in which an ionic conductive agent is blended, such a phenomenon does not occur because the conductive agent is dispersed at the molecular level.

  Next, considering the examples, as can be seen from Table 1, regarding the surface resistivity, the applied voltage is increased from 10 V to 50 V, 100 V, 250 V, and 500 V regardless of the mixing ratio of the ionic conductive agent. With this, there are some exceptions, but it turns out that there is a tendency to decrease (conductivity increases). However, the surface resistivity is in a range from 4.76E + 11Ω / □ to 2.86E + 13Ω / □, and is an appropriate value.

FIG. 1 shows how the surface resistivity of the PFA film at 100 V changes according to the blending ratio of the ionic conductive agent.
From FIG. 1, when 0.370 parts by weight of the ionic conductive agent is blended, the surface resistivity is somewhat lowered, but from 0.185 parts by weight to 1.481 parts by weight, the logarithmic graph is almost uniform, that is, 7.20E + 11Ω. / □ to 4.74E + 12Ω / □. For this reason, the surface resistivity does not change greatly due to a slight variation in the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent, and the blending process becomes easy.

FIG. 2 shows how the tensile strength of the PFA film changes as the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent increases.
From FIG. 2, the tensile strength of the PFA film slightly decreases until the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent is 0.370 parts by weight, but a large decrease is seen up to at least 1.481 parts by weight even when blended more than that. Absent. For this reason, the tensile strength is not greatly reduced by a slight variation in the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent, and the blending process becomes easy.

FIG. 3 shows how the elongation to break of the PFA film changes as the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent increases.
From FIG. 3, the elongation of the PFA film slightly decreases until 0.370 parts by weight of the ionic conductive agent is blended, but even if blended more than that, it does not change significantly up to at least 1.481 parts by weight. For this reason, the elongation does not change greatly due to a slight variation in the number of blended parts of the ionic conductive agent, and the blending process becomes easy.
In any of the above examples, no bleedout of the ionic conductive agent was observed.

(Second Embodiment)
This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the fluororesin is a case where PFA is 90 wt% and PTFE is 10 wt%.
PFA used was PFA grade 950HP made by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemicals, and D1-F made by Daikin Industries was used as PTFE.
Also in this embodiment, the fluororesin has moderate and stable conductivity, and the tensile strength and elongation rate are only slightly decreased, and no bleed out of the ionic conductive agent was observed.

It is a figure which shows a mode that surface resistivity changes, when the compounding quantity of an ion conductive material is changed. It is a figure which shows a mode that tensile strength changes, when the compounding quantity of an ion conductive material is changed. It is a figure which shows a mode that elongation changes, when the compounding quantity of an ion conductive material is changed. It is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus for testing durability by applying physical, mechanical stress and charge stress to a transfer belt.

Explanation of symbols

31 Photosensitive drum 32 Primary transfer roller 33 Secondary transfer roller 34 30φ roller 35 28φ roller 40 Transfer belt

Claims (6)

(RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi (Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group) is blended with a fluororesin mainly composed of one or both of a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and polytetrafluoroethylene, A belt or roller for an image forming apparatus, wherein a surface layer having a predetermined surface resistivity is formed. _2. The image forming apparatus belt or roller according to claim 1, wherein the (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi or (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ NLi. The (RfSO ₂ ) ₂ NLi is based on 100 parts by weight of a fluororesin mainly composed of one or both of a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and polytetrafluoroethylene as main components, The belt or roller for an image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 0.003 to 3.0 parts by weight are blended.   The belt or roller for an image forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined surface resistivity of the surface layer is 1.00E + 10 to 9.99E + 14Ω / □.   5. The belt or roller for an image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer has a thickness of 3 to 30 [mu] m. 6. The image forming apparatus belt or roller according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus belt or roller is any one of a transfer belt, a transfer fixing belt, a developing roller, a charging roller, a transfer roller, and a fixing roller. Belt or roller for image forming apparatus.

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