JP5076584B2 - Breathable composite waterproof construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction method of a breathable composite waterproof layer that can be laid on a rooftop, a veranda, a floor, a parking lot, and the like, and a breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the construction method.

It is easy to secure the thickness of the waterproof layer, and the use of reaction-curing modified asphalt is excellent in construction efficiency. Further, it is possible to secure a waterproof layer with a good balance between the elongation and strength of the coating film (tensile product). As a composite waterproofing method that is excellent in improving the construction environment without using a fire, heat source, or highly volatile solvent, a latex of a polymer having a glass transition temperature of -80 ° C to + 10 ° C, a surfactant, an asphalt emulsion containing asphalt and Patent Document 2 discloses a composite waterproof construction method in which a modified asphalt coating waterproof material comprising a polyisocyanate compound having a reactive isocyanate group and a waterproof sheet having a waterproof performance of 0.5 to 4.0 mm in thickness are laminated 1 is disclosed.

Patent Document 2 describes crack followability, which is an advantage of a conventional rubber asphalt waterproof layer, and toughness, heavy walkability, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, high waterproof, which are advantages of a soft FRP composite waterproof layer, A breathable composite waterproof and anticorrosion method is disclosed which has both anticorrosive properties and the effect of preventing swelling and peeling by dehydrating or degassing water and water vapor generated between waterproof layers, which is an advantage of the breathable waterproof layer.

JP 2004-293070 A JP 2003-3617 A

The present invention is highly effective in preventing swelling and peeling of the waterproof layer due to water and water vapor generated between the base layer such as concrete and the waterproof layer, and has excellent followability to cracks in the base layer and is extremely excellent. The purpose is to provide a waterproof construction method that has both waterproofness, durability and good workability, and can form a flat finished surface.

  The inventors of the present invention are able to ensure the breathability and improve the asphalt waterproof sheet construction method with excellent ground crack resistance, water resistance, weather resistance, and workability, as well as ground crack resistance, water resistance, weather resistance, and workability. By using it in combination with a waterproof coating method using an excellent polymer cement composition, it is highly effective in preventing swelling and peeling of the waterproof layer due to water and water vapor generated between the base layer and the waterproof layer. We have completed a waterproofing method that has excellent followability to surface cracks, has extremely excellent waterproofness, durability and good workability, and can form a flat finished surface to ensure good walking safety.

That is, the first of the present invention is
Laying an asphalt tarpaulin on the construction surface of the structure;
A breathable composite waterproof construction method comprising a step of applying and curing a polymer cement composition on the top surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet,
This is a breathable composite waterproofing method characterized in that the lowermost surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet is partially self-adhesive.
The second of the present invention is
A process for constructing a primer for a waterproof sheet on the construction surface of the structure;
Laying an asphalt waterproof sheet on the upper surface of the primer layer;
Applying a polymer cement composition to the top surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet layer;
Laying a woven fabric and / or a non-woven fabric on the uncured coating layer of the polymer cement composition;
A breathable composite waterproofing method comprising a step of applying and curing a polymer cement composition on the upper surface of the woven fabric and / or the nonwoven fabric,
It is a breathable composite waterproofing method characterized in that the lowermost surface of the asphalt-based waterproof sheet has a partial self-adhesive part that is circular and / or elliptical.
The third aspect of the present invention is
It is a breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the first breathable composite waterproof method of the present invention or the second breathable composite waterproof method of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the breathable composite waterproof construction method and the breathable composite waterproof structure of the present invention are shown below. A plurality of these can be combined.
1) providing a top coat layer on the upper surface of the cured layer of the polymer cement composition.
2) The asphalt-based waterproof sheet has a resin film layer having a plurality of circular and / or elliptical opening holes in the lowermost layer, the resin film layer, a modified asphalt layer having self-adhesiveness and a base material layer. Consists of layers containing.
3) The polymer cement composition is a polymer cement composition for waterproofing concrete comprising an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and / or an acrylic copolymer emulsion and alumina cement.
4) The construction surface of the structure shall be either the roof of a new building or an existing building, a veranda, and a balcony.

The breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention is a self-adhesive modified asphalt exposed by laying a modified asphalt waterproof sheet having a resin film layer having a plurality of opening holes in the lowermost layer on the construction surface of the structure, and exposed in the opening holes. Firmly adheres to the construction surface of the structure to fix the waterproof sheet, and forms a continuous ventilation layer between the construction surface of the structure and the waterproof sheet to remove water and water vapor contained in the groundwork. The waterproof sheet can be prevented from being swollen by moving it in the direction of the deaeration part provided anywhere and releasing it to the outside.
By applying and curing the polymer cement composition on the upper surface of multiple waterproof sheets laid on the construction surface of the structure, the overlapping part of the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet can be completely sealed, and the reliability of the waterproof property is improved. It can be greatly improved.
Moreover, the hardened layer of a polymer cement composition with higher durability can be formed by interposing a woven fabric and / or a nonwoven fabric layer in the coating layer of the polymer cement composition.
Furthermore, in the breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention, the level difference caused by the overlapping of waterproof sheets can be eliminated by the cured layer of the polymer cement composition, and a flat finished surface is formed to ensure good walking safety. In addition, the waterproof property of the entire construction surface of the structure becomes outstanding due to the excellent waterproof property of the cured layer of the polymer cement composition applied and cured on the entire surface of the plurality of waterproof sheets.
Further, by providing a topcoat layer on the upper surface of the cured layer of the polymer cement composition, the weather resistance of the waterproof layer composed of the modified asphalt waterproof sheet and the cured layer of the polymer cement composition can be further enhanced. .
The breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention includes a waterproof sheet having waterproofness and base followability, a polymer cement composition that is excellent in waterproofness and base followability, and further has a sealing effect in a portion where a plurality of waterproof sheets are stacked. (Double-layer waterproofing composition) combined with (water-proof coating composition), which has extremely excellent waterproof performance and high durability, so it can withstand long-term service and greatly reduce maintenance frequency. Contributes to the suppression of life cycle costs.

The present invention is a breathable composite waterproof method comprising a step of laying an asphalt waterproof sheet on the construction surface of a structure, and a step of applying and curing a polymer cement composition on the upper surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet. A breathable composite waterproof construction method characterized in that the lowermost surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet is partially self-adhesive, and a breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the construction method.
Further, the present invention includes a step of applying a waterproof sheet primer on the construction surface of the structure, a step of laying an asphalt waterproof sheet on the upper surface of the primer layer, and a polymer cement composition on the upper surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet layer. A step of applying a material, a step of laying a woven fabric and / or non-woven fabric on an uncured coating layer of the polymer cement composition, and applying and curing the polymer cement composition on the upper surface of the woven fabric and / or non-woven fabric A breathable composite waterproof construction method comprising: a breathable composite waterproof construction method, wherein the bottom surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet has a circular and / or elliptical self-adhesive portion; and A breathable composite waterproof structure.

The breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention and the breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the construction method will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 (a, b, c) is a partial cross-sectional view (a) and a partial bottom view (b) showing an example of an asphalt type waterproof sheet used in the breathable composite waterproof method of the present invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view (c) of the overlapping part.

The asphalt waterproof sheet 11 used in the present invention is a waterproof sheet in which a base material layer 12, a modified asphalt layer 13, a resin film layer 15 having a plurality of opening holes 14, and a release paper (or release film) are laminated in this order. When the waterproof sheet is laid on the construction surface of the structure, the lowermost release paper (or release film) is peeled off and used.
The asphalt waterproof sheet 11 used in the present invention is provided with a portion 16 where the resin film layer 15 having a plurality of opening holes 14 is not laminated on either side 80 to 120 mm in the long side direction of the waterproof sheet. When the waterproof sheet (sheet B18) is laid, the end of the waterproof sheet (sheet B) in the long side direction with respect to the end 20 in the long side direction of the adjacent waterproof sheet (sheet A19) previously laid. The portion 16 where the resin film layer 15 is not laminated is preferably laid so as to overlap 80 to 120 mm (FIG. 2, r = 80 to 120 mm), so that even the overlapping portion 21 of the adjacent waterproof sheets has good waterproofing. Performance can be secured.
The waterproof sheets (sheet A19, sheet B18) each form a base and a strong adhesive portion 22 at a portion where the modified asphalt self-adhesive layer of the opening hole 14 of the resin film is exposed.
The waterproof film (sheet A19, sheet B18), the lowermost resin film layer 15, and the base are not bonded to each other, a continuous ventilation portion 23 is formed, and a passage through which water vapor or moisture generated from the base moves. Function as.

FIGS. 2A to 2D are schematic diagrams showing a procedure for applying the breathable composite waterproofing method of the present invention to a construction surface (as an example, a roof surface) of a structure.
In the breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention, first, the dirt, dust, and adhering matter adhered to the surface of the construction surface are removed for the entire construction surface 31 of the structure 30, and the primer for the waterproof sheet is applied to the construction surface. Apply to the whole and dry.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the asphalt-based waterproof sheet 32 is placed on the construction surface 31, and the waterproof sheet short side portion 33 is preferably 300 mm or more, more preferably 500 mm or more away from the sidewall 34 of the construction surface. The waterproof sheet long side portion 35 is preferably laid out at a position away from the side wall 36 of the construction surface by 300 mm or more, more preferably 500 mm or more.
Next, in the step of laying the asphalt-based waterproof sheet on the entire construction surface 31 of the structure, the end of the long side direction of the waterproof sheet laid in advance and the long side direction of the waterproof sheet laid later The end portion (the portion where the resin film layer 15 having a plurality of opening holes 14 is not laminated as shown in FIG. 1 is located on the upper side) is preferably 80 to 120 mm (FIG. 2, r = 80 to 120 mm). ) Good waterproof performance can be obtained by laying them together.

After providing a primer layer on the entire construction surface 31 of the structure and laying a breathable asphalt waterproof sheet 32, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the base material layer and the entire bottom layer are self-adhesive. The waterproof sheet 37 including the modified asphalt having the breathable asphalt-based waterproof sheet 32 having already been laid, and the waterproof sheet laid part is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 200 mm. As mentioned above, it lays out so that the part which overlapped especially 300 mm or more may be formed.
The waterproof sheet 37, which is a modified asphalt having a self-adhesive property on the entire bottom layer, is laid continuously from the construction surface 32 to the side wall portions 34 and 36 so that rainwater enters through the wall surface of the side wall. It is preferable because it can be prevented.
Moreover, about the part which the short side part of the waterproof sheet and the short side part were faced, the waterproofing performance is ensured by laying the waterproof sheet of the modified asphalt which the lowermost layer whole surface has self-adhesiveness on the upper surface of the face part.

Then, disposing the asphalt waterproof sheet 32 10 to 50 m ² deaeration section 40 at appropriate intervals at a rate of one position per the laying of having air permeability. The deaeration unit 40 discharges water and water vapor contained in the base to the outside from the deaeration part through a ventilation part formed between the resin film layer of the asphalt waterproof sheet 32 and the base, Provided to prevent swelling of the waterproof sheet.

A breathable asphalt-based waterproof sheet 32 is laid on the entire construction surface 31 of the structure, and the entire surface is self-adhered to a portion where the periphery of the sheet laying part and the side walls 34, 36 and the short sides of the waterproof sheet are abutted with each other. After the modified asphalt waterproof sheet 37 having adhesiveness is laid and the deaeration portion 40 is provided, the polymer cement composition 38 is applied to the construction surface and wall surface on which the waterproof sheet is laid as shown in FIG. To cure.
Further, in an uncured state by applying the polymer cement composition 38, a woven fabric and / or a nonwoven fabric is laid on the upper surface of the coating layer of the polymer cement composition 38 to impregnate the uncured polymer cement composition 38, Further, by applying the polymer cement composition 38 to the upper surface of the woven fabric and / or nonwoven fabric and curing it, a cured layer of the polymer cement composition having superior strength properties, with the woven fabric and / or nonwoven fabric as an intermediate layer, is obtained. Can be formed.

  After confirming that the polymer cement composition is cured, a topcoat layer 39 may be provided on the upper surface of the cured layer 38 of the polymer cement composition in order to improve the weather resistance as shown in FIG. preferable.

FIG. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a partial cross-sectional view of the breathable composite waterproof structure 51 as viewed from the direction of the short side of the waterproof sheet, and the long sides of adjacent waterproof sheets have overlapping portions 52. The modified asphalt self-adhesive portion on the lower surface of the upper waterproof sheet and the upper surface of the lower waterproof sheet are firmly bonded. (Adhesive part 53)
Furthermore, the cured body layer 54 of the polymer cement composition is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, more preferably 1.6 mm or more from the sheet upper end of the portion 52 where the waterproof sheets are overlapped. Particularly preferably, the thickness (t) of 2.0 mm or more is formed so that the entire construction portion of the breathable waterproof sheet is substantially flat, and in particular, the step of the overlapping portion of the waterproof sheet is eliminated. The Further, a top coat layer 55 is provided on the upper surface of the cured body layer of the polymer cement composition.

FIG. 3B shows a joint in which a waterproof sheet 61 short side portion and a waterproof sheet 62 short side portion are abutted, and a waterproof sheet 64 having a modified asphalt self-adhesive layer is constructed on the upper surface of the abutting portion 63. It is the fragmentary sectional view which looked at breathability compound waterproofing structure 66 which has portion 65 from the long side direction of a waterproof sheet.
The short side portions of the adjacent waterproof sheets are in contact with each other, and the continuity is maintained without interruption of the ventilation layer 23 formed between the resin film 15 at the bottom layer of the waterproof sheet and the base surface. In addition, the upper surface of the portion 63 where the short side portion is abutted is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 120 mm or more, more preferably 150 mm or more, and particularly preferably 200 mm or more so as to straddle the joining portion. A self-adhesive waterproof sheet 64 is laid.
Further, the hardened body layer 54 of the polymer cement composition is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, more preferably 1.6 mm or more, particularly from the overlapping portion of the waterproof sheet of the joining portion 65. Preferably, the thickness (t) of 2.0 mm or more is formed so that the entire breathable waterproof sheet construction portion is substantially flat, and in particular, the step of the overlapping portion of the waterproof sheet is eliminated.
Further, a top coat layer 55 is provided on the upper surface of the cured body layer 54 of the polymer cement composition.

In the breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the breathable composite waterproof method of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the overlapping portion of the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet that cannot be avoided when the waterproof sheet is laid 52, a waterproof layer of the polymer cement composition is formed from above the butting portion 65 of the waterproof sheet and the tarpaulin, and the waterproof performance of the overlapping portion and the butting portion of the tarpaulin is determined by the waterproof performance of the polymer cement composition itself. Complementing this, the waterproof performance of the breathable composite waterproof structures 51 and 66 is drastically improved, and provides excellent durability even in service for many years.
Moreover, since the level | step difference of the part which piled up the waterproof sheet is eliminated by the hardening body layer of the polymer cement composition applied to the upper surface, favorable walking safety can be ensured.

In the breathable composite waterproof construction method of the present invention, it is preferable to apply a waterproof sheet primer to the base surface in order to firmly adhere the base surface on which the waterproof sheet is laid and the self-adhesive portion of the asphalt-based waterproof sheet.
The primer for the waterproof sheet is not particularly limited as long as it can provide a modified asphalt and strong adhesive force, and a commercially available primer can be used.

In the breathable composite waterproofing method of the present invention, an asphalt waterproof sheet in which a base material layer, a modified asphalt layer, a resin film layer having a plurality of opening holes, and a release paper (or release film) are laminated in this order is used.
When the waterproof sheet is laid on the construction surface, the lowermost release paper (or release film) is peeled off and used.
The asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention is an asphalt waterproof sheet laminated in the order of a base material layer, a modified asphalt layer, a resin film layer having a plurality of opening holes, and a release paper (or release film). It can be used without any particular limitation.

As the base material layer constituting the asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention, a material having the reinforcing property of the modified asphalt layer, such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a film, can be preferably used.
The nonwoven fabric and woven fabric used as the base material layer are made of synthetic resin fibers or chemical fibers, and nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic fibers are particularly preferable.
The synthetic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyesters such as aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyacrylonitrile, and polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. These fibers can be used alone or in combination.
The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric used for the substrate layer is not particularly limited, but the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric used for the substrate layer is preferably in the range of 30 to 200 g / m ² , particularly preferably 30. Those in the range of ˜180 g / m ² are preferable because they have flexibility and excellent workability.

The modified asphalt composition constituting the asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a modified asphalt composition used for general waterproof sheets can be appropriately selected and used. it can.
As the modified asphalt composition, a modified asphalt composition containing asphalt, a styrene synthetic rubber, a tackifier, and an inorganic filler can be preferably used.
The modified asphalt composition has various characteristics depending on the blending ratio of the constituent materials, and the softening point of the modified asphalt composition is 100 to 150 ° C., particularly 105 to 145 in terms of production / processing and fuel cost. A range of ° C is preferred.
In addition, from the viewpoint of productivity and workability when producing the asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention, the viscosity of the modified asphalt composition is preferably 2000 to 14000 cps or less, more preferably 2200 to 13000 cps or less, and 2500 to 2500. 12000 cps or less is particularly preferable.

The blending ratio of asphalt is preferably 25 to 90% by mass of the modified asphalt composition, more preferably 30 to 70% by mass, and particularly preferably 35 to 50% by mass.
Asphalt is obtained by distilling crude oil at normal pressure or reduced pressure to remove gasoline, kerosene, light oil, lubricating oil, etc., and straight asphalt with a penetration of about 10 to 250 can be suitably used.

As the asphalt contained in the modified asphalt composition, straight asphalt, blown asphalt, or the like can be used.
Asphalt can be used in combination with blown asphalt in order to improve the softening point and shearing force of straight asphalt, and the blending amount of blown asphalt is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably with respect to the total mass of asphalt. Can be used at 30 mass% or less.
When the blending amount of blown asphalt exceeds 40% by mass, the viscosity of the modified asphalt composition increases, and the impregnation property of a waterproof sheet such as a nonwoven fabric is not preferable.

As the styrene synthetic rubber contained in the modified asphalt composition, styrene / butadiene copolymer, styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer, styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer, styrene / ethylene / butylene / One or more selected from styrene block copolymers and styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene block copolymers can be used, and styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymers are particularly preferably used. A functional group improving modified polymer can also be used.
The blending ratio of the styrene synthetic rubber is preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 6 to 28 parts by mass, more preferably 7 to 26 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 8 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of asphalt. Part ranges are particularly preferred.
When the blending ratio of the styrene synthetic rubber is less than 5 parts by mass, a practically sufficient shear adhesive strength may not be obtained. When the blending ratio exceeds 30 parts by mass, the viscosity of the modified asphalt composition becomes high, and manufacturing and processing are performed. In addition, it is not preferable because the impregnation property to the base material is lowered.

In the modified asphalt composition, various additives such as a tackifier and an inorganic filler can be appropriately selected and added as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired.
In order to appropriately improve the self-adhesiveness of the modified asphalt composition, it is preferable to appropriately select a tackifier such as process oil or polybutene and use an appropriate amount.
Examples of inorganic fillers include calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, anhydrous silicic acid, clay, carbon black, talc, mica, barium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, silica and other particulate inorganic fillers, wallast A fibrous inorganic filler such as knight or glass fiber can be used.

As a resin film layer having a plurality of opening holes constituting the asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention, a synthetic resin film is used, polyethylene such as low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, polyolefin film such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, A synthetic resin film such as a polyester film such as an aromatic polyester such as polybutylene terephthalate or a polyamide film such as nylon 6 can be used. The synthetic resin film is preferably a stretched film such as uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching, or an unstretched film.
As the synthetic resin film, a laminated film in which two or more films are laminated can be used. As the synthetic resin film layer, low density polyethylene is particularly preferable because of its excellent flexibility.
Furthermore, as the synthetic resin film, a laminated film obtained by laminating a synthetic resin film and a woven fabric and / or a non-woven fabric can be used. Even in the lowermost layer, the woven fabric and / or the nonwoven fabric may be the lowermost layer.
The nonwoven fabric and the woven fabric can be used without particular limitation as long as they are made of synthetic resin fibers or chemical fibers. Examples of the synthetic resin include polyesters such as aromatic polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and the like. These fibers can be used alone or in combination.
The thickness of the synthetic resin film may be an appropriate thickness that does not hinder manufacturing and is not easily damaged during construction or use, preferably in the range of 3 to 100 μm, more preferably in the range of 4 to 75 μm, particularly preferably. Is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 μm.

The shape of the plurality of opening holes provided in the resin film layer is such that an adhesive portion between the upper surface of the base and the modified asphalt composition on the upper layer of the resin film layer having an opening has strong adhesive strength, Since it is preferable to reduce the resistance when steam or moisture moves through the gap formed between the film layer (the surface of the non-opening portion of the film layer), it may be circular and / or elliptical. preferable.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the opening holes are arranged in such a manner that circular opening holes and / or elliptical opening holes are arranged in a staggered pattern, thereby providing good air permeability and water permeability (moisture evaporated from the substrate). Is preferable.
When the opening hole is circular, the diameter of the opening hole is preferably 35 to 55 mm, more preferably 38 to 52 mm, more preferably 40 to 50 mm, and particularly preferably 42 to 48 mm. It is preferable because good characteristics can be obtained in both adhesive strength and air permeability between the waterproof sheet and the base.
When the said opening hole is elliptical, the short diameter (Z) of an opening hole becomes like this. Preferably it is the range of 30-50 mm, More preferably, it is the range of 33-49 mm, More preferably, it is the range of 35-45 mm, Most preferably, it is 38- The major axis of the opening hole is in the range of Z (minor axis of the opening hole) × 1.1 to 1.3 relative to the minor axis (Z) of the opening hole. It is preferable because good properties can be obtained both in terms of adhesive strength and air permeability between the waterproof sheet and the base.

The distance between the center of the opening holes of the circular and / or elliptical shape shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is preferably 60 to 130 mm, more preferably the distance a between the centers of the opening holes in the short side direction of the breathable waterproof sheet. It is in the range of 65 to 110 mm, particularly preferably 70 to 100 mm.
In the long side direction of the breathable waterproof sheet, the distance b between the centers of the opening holes is preferably 70 to 260 mm, more preferably 85 to 240 mm, and particularly preferably 100 to 200 mm.
The distance c between the centers of one opening hole and the adjacent opening holes located between the short side direction and the long side direction of the breathable waterproof sheet with reference to the opening hole is preferably 45 to 45. It is preferable to be in the range of 150 mm, more preferably 50 to 130 mm, particularly preferably 55 to 100 mm.
When the distance between the center of the circular and / or elliptical opening hole is within the above range, a sufficient adhesion area between the waterproof sheet and the base can be secured, and stable air permeability can be provided between the waterproof sheet and the base. It can be secured.

As the release layer constituting the asphalt waterproof sheet used in the present invention, release paper or release film can be used. In particular, a release paper and a release film which are both creped and excellent in elasticity can be suitably used.
As the release film, a synthetic resin film is used, such as polyethylene such as low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, polyolefin film such as polypropylene, polyester film such as aromatic polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, nylon 6 and the like. A synthetic resin film such as a polyamide film can be used. The synthetic resin film is preferably a stretched film such as uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching, or an unstretched film.
As the synthetic resin film, a laminated film in which two or more films are laminated can be used. As the synthetic resin film layer, low density polyethylene is particularly preferable because of its excellent flexibility.
The thickness of the synthetic resin film may be an appropriate thickness that does not hinder manufacturing and is not easily damaged during construction or use, preferably in the range of 3 to 100 μm, more preferably in the range of 4 to 75 μm, particularly preferably. Is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 μm.
The synthetic resin film layer is preferably a synthetic resin film layer that hardly permeates the asphalt of the modified asphalt compound layer so as not to contaminate the clothes, shoes, building members, roof members, and the like of the installer.

In the present invention, in order to ensure high waterproof performance, the place where the short side and the short side of the asphalt waterproof sheet are abutted, the part where the short side is abutted against the entire self-adhesive type asphalt waterproof sheet Lay on the top surface.
The entire self-adhesive type asphalt waterproof sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is an asphalt waterproof sheet laminated in the order of a base material layer, a modified asphalt layer, and a release paper (or release film). It can be used without.

In the present invention, after laying a waterproof sheet layer having air permeability, the waterproof performance of the entire waterproof sheet layer and the bonded part of the waterproof sheet is further improved, and further, the step of the overlapping part of the waterproof sheet is eliminated to improve safety during walking. In order to ensure, a polymer cement composition is applied and cured to form a waterproof finished surface with excellent flatness.

As the polymer cement composition used in the present invention, a slurry polymer cement composition containing a hydraulic component containing alumina cement, a filler, a polymer emulsion, and a thickener can be suitably used.
The polymer cement composition used in the present invention can be applied to the top surface of the waterproof sheet layer by a spraying, glazing, or roller coating method.

The hydraulic component can contain one or two components selected from Portland cement and gypsum in addition to alumina cement.
The hydraulic component contains alumina cement preferably in an amount of 5% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 50% by mass or more in 100% by mass of the hydraulic component. It is preferable to use it.
In particular, it is preferable to use a hydraulic component containing 50% by mass or more of alumina cement in 100% by mass of the hydraulic component because the elongation percentage of the cured product is excellent.

Alumina cement has a potentially rapid hardening property, and gives a cured product excellent in chemical resistance and fire resistance after curing. In addition, due to the presence of blast furnace slag having latent hydraulic properties, a decrease over time in the strength of the cured body, which is a drawback thereof, is also suppressed. Several types of alumina cements having different mineral compositions are known and commercially available, and all of them are monocalcium aluminate (CA). However, in terms of strength and colorability, there are many CA components and C _4. Alumina cement with a small amount of small components such as AF is preferred.

  As the Portland cement, portland cement such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, ultra-high-strength Portland cement, white Portland cement, mixed cement such as blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, and silica cement can be used.

  As for gypsum, each gypsum such as anhydrous and semi-water can be used as one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds regardless of the kind. Gypsum is rapidly hardened and acts as a component for maintaining dimensional stability after curing.

  As filler, sand such as quartz sand, river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, crushed sand, slag powder, fly ash, silica foam, limestone powder, talc, kaolin, alumina powder, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, etc. may be used. One or two or more of these fillers can be used. In particular, when silica sand is used, it is preferable to use one having a particle size of 5-7.

A known polymer emulsion can be used as the polymer emulsion.
Polymer emulsions include polyvinyl acetate emulsions, copolymer emulsions of ethylene and vinyl acetate, copolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and (meth) acrylic acid derivatives, and copolymers of ethylene and (meth) acrylic acid derivatives. Emulsion, Emulsion of poly (meth) acrylic acid derivative, Copolymer emulsion of styrene and (meth) acrylic acid derivative, Polychloroprene latex, Copolymer emulsion of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, Copolymer emulsion of styrene and butadiene , A copolymer emulsion of acrylonitrile and butadiene, an emulsion of a synthetic resin containing at least one kind of ethylene, styrene, vinyl acetate, a (meth) acrylic acid derivative, such as an emulsion of vinyl acetate and a (meth) acrylic acid derivative. Can . The (meth) acrylic acid derivative means an acid derivative such as acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid or an ester thereof, and includes at least one or more of these components.

  The glass transition temperature of the polymer component contained in the polymer emulsion is not particularly limited, and a commercially available one can be used, but is preferably 0 ° C. or lower, more preferably −25 ° C. or lower, more preferably −25 ° C. to −50. Those having a range of ° C, particularly preferably a range of -33 ° C to -50 ° C are preferable because they have excellent characteristics even in a low-temperature environment, and the glass transition temperature containing a (meth) acrylic acid derivative is 0 ° C or lower. A polymer emulsion in the range of −25 ° C. or less, particularly preferably −25 ° C. to −50 ° C. can be preferably used because the elongation percentage of the cured product is excellent.

The (meth) acrylic acid derivative represents an acrylic acid derivative and a methacrylic acid derivative. For example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, and the like.
The polymer emulsion is preferably an acrylic emulsion produced by using one or more (meth) acrylic acid derivatives.

  As the polymer emulsion, one obtained by a known production method can be used. For example, in the presence of an emulsifier, a polymerization initiator is used to emulsify a polymerizable monomer that is a raw material for a synthetic resin in water or a hydrous solvent. It can be produced by a polymerization method or the like.

  As the emulsifier, known ones can be used, and examples thereof include anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants and protective colloids such as polyvinyl alcohol.

  The polymer emulsion contains powdery synthetic resin particles that do not contain water or a water-containing solvent. When powdery synthetic resin particles are used, all components excluding water or the water-containing solvent can be combined into one package. It is convenient because it can be used just by adding water on site.

When a polymer emulsion containing water or a water-containing solvent is used, mortar can be obtained by kneading the polymer cement composition alone, and water is added as necessary for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity. be able to.
When powdered synthetic resin particles are used as a polymer emulsion, it is impossible to obtain a slurry-like mortar with the polymer cement composition alone, so a homogeneous slurry is produced by kneading the polymer cement composition and water. can do.

  In the emulsion excluding the powdered synthetic resin not containing water or a water-containing solvent, the solid content of the polymer contained in the emulsion can be appropriately selected, but 30 to 80 parts by mass is preferable in 100 parts by mass of the emulsion. -60 mass parts is more preferable.

  The polymer cement composition preferably has a hydraulic component of 15 to 175 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 120 parts by weight, more preferably 22 to 90 parts by weight, particularly preferably 100 parts by weight of the polymer solid content of the emulsion. What contains 23-70 mass parts can be used.

  The polymer cement composition is preferably 15 to 350 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 330 parts by mass, and more preferably 22 parts of powder containing a hydraulic component and a filler with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer solid content of the emulsion. -300 mass parts, More preferably, it contains 23-270 mass parts, More preferably, it contains 80-250 mass parts, Most preferably, what contains 150-230 mass parts can be used.

As the thickener, a water-soluble polymer such as a polyether, urethane or acrylic, a cellulose or a protein can be used, and a water-soluble polymer such as a water-soluble polyurethane can be used. A thickener can be preferably used.
The addition amount of the thickener can be appropriately adjusted within a range not impairing the characteristics of the present invention, and is 0.05 to 1.0% by mass, and further 0.1 to 100% by mass of the hydraulic composition. It is preferable to contain -0.7 mass part, especially 0.2-0.5 mass part.

  The polymer cement composition can contain a setting retarder, a setting accelerator for setting accelerator, a fluidizing agent, an antifoaming agent and the like as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired.

As an example of a method for producing a polymer cement composition, a predetermined amount of an emulsion is measured in a stirring vessel, and a hydraulic component containing a predetermined amount of alumina cement, a filler, and a thickener are further required while stirring the emulsion with a stirrer. Add a setting retarder, a setting accelerator for setting accelerator, a fluidizing agent, an antifoaming agent, etc. according to the conditions, stir and mix for several minutes, and then add water as necessary to have a predetermined viscosity. A slurry-like composition can be produced.
As an example of a method for producing a polymer cement composition, a predetermined amount of each component of the polymer cement composition is weighed and added to a container, and if necessary, a setting retarder, a setting accelerator for a setting accelerator, and fluidization. A slurry-like composition having a predetermined viscosity can be produced by adding an agent, an antifoaming agent, etc., stirring and mixing for several minutes with a stirrer, and further adding water as necessary.
Hydraulic components, fillers, thickeners or additives including alumina cement may be added alone, or may be added in advance mixed with several other types, and the order of addition is particularly selected. Absent. Moreover, what has a stirring function, such as a general solid-liquid stirrer, can be used for a stirrer without a problem.
When adding water, it is preferable to add so that a homogeneous slurry may be obtained so that a component may not isolate | separate.

The polymer cement composition used in the present invention is a general method using a roller, a trowel, spraying (spray, etc.), etc., applied to the surface of the waterproof sheet layer previously laid, and used as a cured product of the polymer cement composition. And a waterproof structure including the waterproof sheet layer can be obtained.
After the polymer cement composition is dried, the same operation is further repeated to form a multi-layer polymer cement composition to obtain a structure having higher waterproof performance.

In addition, by laying a woven fabric and / or a non-woven fabric and impregnating the polymer cement composition while the polymer cement composition is uncured on the rooftop or the like, the polymer cement composition is applied again on the upper surface thereof. Thus, it is possible to form a waterproof coating layer having more excellent strength characteristics. (Figure 3)
As the woven fabric and / or the nonwoven fabric used for the intermediate layer of the polymer cement composition, a material having the reinforcing property of the polymer cement composition can be preferably used.
Nonwoven fabrics and woven fabrics are made of synthetic resin fibers or chemical fibers, and nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic fibers are particularly preferred.
The synthetic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyesters such as aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyacrylonitrile, and polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. These fibers can be used alone or in combination.
The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric or the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 15 to 100 g / m ² , and more preferably in the range of 30 to 80 g / m ^2. It is preferable because it is excellent in workability.
Furthermore, after the polymer cement composition is dried, a cement mortar layer or a concrete layer can be formed to obtain a tough structure having waterproof performance.

In the present invention, a waterproof sheet layer having air permeability is laid, and a top coat layer is provided on the upper surface of the cured layer of the polymer cement composition applied to further improve the waterproof performance in order to improve weather resistance and durability. It is preferable.
As the topcoat used in the present invention, a topcoat material mainly composed of an emulsion such as acrylic rubber or polyurethane, or an emulsion such as acrylic rubber or polyurethane, and fine aggregate such as silica sand, slag sand, limestone sand, etc. It is preferable because a top coat material mainly composed of the above can be selected and used, and the waterproof layer can be protected and the waterproof effect can be improved.
The top coat used in the present invention can be applied or sprayed onto the upper surface of the hardened layer of the polymer cement composition previously applied by a general method using a roller, a trowel, and spraying (spray etc.).

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a partial bottom view of an asphalt waterproof sheet used for forming a waterproof layer having air permeability, and a partial cross-sectional view of an overlapping portion in a long side direction of the waterproof sheet when a waterproof sheet is laid. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the construction procedure of a breathable composite waterproof construction method. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the structure (schematic diagram showing an example) obtained by the breathable composite waterproofing method. It is a partial top view of the arrangement | positioning figure (schematic diagram which shows an example) of the circular opening hole of the film used for the lowermost surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet used in order to form the waterproof layer which has air permeability. It is a partial top view of the arrangement | positioning figure (schematic diagram which shows an example) of the elliptical opening hole of the film used for the lowermost surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet used in order to form the waterproof layer which has air permeability.

Explanation of symbols

11: Asphalt-based waterproof sheet 12: Base material layer 13: Modified asphalt layer 14: Multiple opening holes 15: Resin film layer (non-opening)
16: A portion where the resin film layer is not laminated in the long side direction of the waterproof sheet 17: Primer layer 18 for the waterproof sheet: Waterproof sheet (sheet B)
19: Waterproof sheet (sheet A)
20: End portion in the long side direction of the waterproof sheet (sheet A) 21: Overlapping portion 22 in the long side direction of the adjacent waterproof sheet 22: Strong adhesive portion between the waterproof sheet and the base 23: Resin film on the bottom layer of the waterproof sheet Continuous ventilation part 24 formed between the layer and the foundation: Structure 30: Structure 31: Construction surface 32: Asphalt waterproof sheet 33: Waterproof sheet short side 34: Side wall 35 of construction surface: Waterproof sheet long side portion 36: Side wall 37 of construction surface: Waterproof sheet 38 including a modified asphalt having the entire bottom layer having self-adhesive properties: Polymer cement composition 39: Top coat layer 40: Deaeration portion 50: Structure 51 : Breathable composite waterproof structure 52: Overlapping portion 53 of adjacent long side portions of waterproofing sheet: Adhesive contact of overlapping long side portions of adjacent waterproof sheet Attachment part 54: Hardened body layer 55 of polymer cement composition: Top coat layer 56: Base material layer 57: Modified asphalt layer 58: Resin film layer (non-opening part)
59: Strong adhesive portion 60 between the waterproof sheet and the base 60: Continuous ventilation portion 61 formed between the lowermost resin film layer of the waterproof sheet and the base: Waterproof sheet (short side portion)
62: Waterproof sheet (short side)
63: Waterproof sheet butting portion 64: Waterproof sheet 65 having a modified asphalt self-adhesive layer on the entire lowermost layer 65: Joint portion 66: Breathable composite waterproof structure 67: Laying and / or non-woven laying layer

Claims (6)

A process for constructing a primer for a waterproof sheet on the construction surface of the structure;
Laying an asphalt waterproof sheet on the upper surface of the primer layer;
Applying a polymer cement composition to the top surface of the asphalt waterproof sheet layer;
Laying a woven fabric and / or a non-woven fabric on the uncured coating layer of the polymer cement composition;
A breathable composite waterproofing method comprising a step of applying and curing a polymer cement composition on the upper surface of the woven fabric and / or the nonwoven fabric,
The bottom surface of the asphalt-based tarpaulin has a circular and / or oval partial self-adhesive part
Breathable composite waterproof construction method characterized by. The breathable composite waterproofing method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of providing a topcoat layer on the upper surface of the cured layer of the polymer cement composition. The asphalt-based waterproof sheet has a resin film layer having a plurality of circular and / or elliptical opening holes in the lowermost layer, and includes the resin film layer, a self-adhesive modified asphalt layer, and a base material layer The breathable composite waterproofing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein Polymer cement composition, ethylene - vinyl copolymer emulsion acetate and / or acrylic copolymer emulsion, claim 1-3, characterized in that the concrete waterproof polymer cement composition containing alumina cement The breathable composite waterproofing method according to item 1. Construction surface of the structure, the roof of new buildings or existing buildings, breathable composite waterproofing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that either veranda and balcony. A breathable composite waterproof structure obtained by the breathable composite waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .

Images