JP5085103B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a grinder compact while suppressing formation of a bridge of a material to be ground. <P>SOLUTION: This grinder comprises a crushing machine 1 of rotating a pair of crushing rollers 2 and 2 vertically arranged in parallel to crush the material to be ground W1 between the crushing rollers 2 and 2, and a grinding machine 5 of rotating a pair of grinding rollers 6 and 6 installed downward at a slant and laterally arranged in parallel to the crushing machine 1 to grind the material to be ground W2 crushed by the crushing machine 1 between the grinding rollers 6 and 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed such as a tree.

  Generally, in order to pulverize a material to be pulverized such as a tree with a pulverizer, the size of the material to be pulverized is too large, and the pulverized material cannot be directly fed into the pulverizer. It is necessary to cut it into small pieces.

  That is, normally, in the process of pulverizing a material to be crushed such as a tree, first, the material to be crushed such as a tree is finely crushed with a crusher, and the finely crushed material to be crushed is put into a pulverizer and crushed. I try to crush things.

Therefore, in order to pulverize the material to be crushed, two devices, a crusher for finely crushing the material to be crushed and a crusher for crushing the crushed material to be crushed, are required. Since the amount of the object to be crushed is smaller than the object to be crushed per unit time by the crusher, the crusher X and the crusher Y are crushed by the crusher X as shown in FIG. A conveyor Z for conveying the crushed object S from the crusher X to the pulverizer Y, and controlling the supply amount of the pulverized object S to the pulverizer Y by the conveyor Z (for example, Patent Document 1), the material to be crushed S is prevented from overflowing to the pulverizer Y side.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-350208 (FIG. 1)

  In the conventional pulverizing apparatus described above, the supply amount of the material to be crushed S to the pulverizer Y is controlled by the transport machine Z, which is excellent in that the material to be crushed S does not overflow to the pulverizer Y side. There is a problem that the pulverizer Y and the transporter Z are provided, which is very large and large.

  Further, the transport machine Z is configured to feed the finely crushed material S into the pulverizer Y from directly above the pulverizer Y. Specifically, the material to be crushed is placed in a hopper provided in the pulverizer Y. S is input.

  The pulverizer Y has a pair of rollers that are arranged in parallel and are driven to rotate. As described above, the material to be pulverized S put in the hopper accumulates on the pair of rollers of the pulverizer Y. As the rollers rotate, they are sequentially guided between the rollers and pulverized. However, since the object to be pulverized S is put into the pulverizer from directly above the pulverizer Y, the object to be pulverized S is placed on both rollers. The object to be crushed S forms a bridge in the hopper and cannot be guided between the rollers even by rotation of the roller, and the object to be pulverized S must be broken from the outside. There is a risk that it will become impossible to grind.

  Therefore, the present invention was devised to improve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the size of the pulverizing apparatus while suppressing the formation of a bridge of the object to be crushed.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the crushing apparatus of the present invention is installed in a crusher that rotates a pair of crushing rollers arranged in parallel vertically to crush the object to be crushed between crushing rollers, and obliquely below the crushing machine. is a crusher with a pair of grinding rollers that are juxtaposed beside rotate the object to be crushed that is crushed by the crusher grinding in between the milling rollers, one of the grinding object discharged from the crusher A crushing apparatus that drops onto a crushing roller .

  According to the present invention, the pulverizer is disposed obliquely below the crusher, and the crushing rolls of the pulverizer are arranged in parallel horizontally. Since it can take the role of controlling, there is no need for a conveyor in the device, and since the crushing rolls of the crusher are arranged up and down, it is considered that the crusher is not wide, so crushing The apparatus does not become large and the pulverizing apparatus is lightweight and compact.

Furthermore, since the pulverizer is installed obliquely below the crusher and the material to be crushed discharged from the crusher is dropped onto one crushing roller, the material to be crushed from the crusher is constantly co to be introduced into, because the fall into one of the grinding rollers on, without object to be crushed is deposited on the both crushing rollers, situation in which the object to be crushed in the vicinity of inlet of the crusher will form a bridge It is possible to avoid such a situation that the generation of the above is suppressed and the pulverized object cannot be pulverized by the pulverizer.

  In addition, since the pulverizer is disposed obliquely below the crusher, the conveyance path for the object to be crushed between the crusher and the crusher, that is, the space behind the crusher and above the crusher is increased. Even if a situation occurs in which the material to be crushed becomes clogged in the middle of the conveyance path, the clogging of the material to be crushed can be easily eliminated, and both the crusher and the pulverizer can be inspected. There is a merit in arrangement that it can be easily performed without forcing the worker to take an unreasonable posture.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a pulverizing apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a pulverizing apparatus according to one embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pulverizing apparatus in this embodiment rotates a pair of crushing rollers 2 and 2 arranged in parallel vertically, and crushes the object to be crushed W1 between the crushing rollers 2 and 2. A crusher 1 that rotates, and a crusher 5 that rotates a pair of crushing rollers 6 and 6 that are arranged in parallel to crush the object W2 that has been crushed by the crusher 1 between the crushing rollers 6 and 6. Configured.

  The crusher 1 and the crusher 5 are both installed on the base B, and the material to be crushed W2 that is crushed by the crusher 1 and discharged from the crusher 1 is directly fed into the crusher 5. The crusher 5 is installed obliquely below the crusher 1 so that it is possible.

  The crusher 1 is placed on a top plate P1 attached to a leg L1 standing on the base B, and the crusher 5 is attached to a top plate P2 attached to a leg L2 standing on the base B. However, the crusher 1 and the crusher 5 are not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be installed using a frame body. It is natural.

  Specifically, the crusher 1 includes a pair of crushing rollers 2 and 2 arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, a motor M1 that rotationally drives the crushing rollers 2 and 2, and a crushing roller 2 and 2 that can rotate freely. A housing 3 to be supported, and a crushed material input base 4 which is connected to an opening provided on the right end side in FIG. In addition, since the to-be-ground material input stand 4 can be folded, when not performing a grinding | pulverization operation | work, a grinding | pulverization apparatus can be made compact by folding this.

  Each of the crushing rollers 2 and 2 includes a shaft 2a and a plurality of crushing teeth 2b that are arranged on the outer periphery of the shaft 2a with a predetermined interval in the axial direction. While being arranged in parallel, the crushing teeth 2b of one crushing roller 2 enter a nest type between the crushing teeth 2b, 2b of the other crushing roller 2, and on the outer periphery of the shaft 2a of the other crushing roller 2 I'm going to face it.

  Further, the crushing roller 2 arranged in the upper part in FIG. 1 is rotated by the motor M in the clockwise direction and the crushing roller 2 arranged in the lower part in FIG. When it is inserted between the two crushing teeth 2b, the crushing teeth 2b of one of the crushing rollers 2 and the outer circumference of the shaft 2a of the other crushing roller 2 are cut. After being crushed, the object to be crushed W1 becomes a chip to be crushed object W2 after passing between the crushing rollers 2 and 2.

  When the object to be pulverized W1 is introduced from the right end side in FIG. 1 where the object to be crushed input base 4 is installed in the crusher 1, the object to be pulverized W1 is guided between the crushing rollers 2 and 2 that are driven to rotate. The object to be crushed W2 that has been crushed into chips after being crushed is discharged from a discharge port 3a provided on the left end side in FIG. 1 of the housing 3 on the rear side of the crusher 1.

  In this way, the large object to be pulverized W1 is crushed by the crusher 1 to the chip-shaped object to be crushed W2 that can be pulverized by the pulverizer 5, and further, the crushing rollers 2, In the case of the present embodiment, 2 is arranged up and down, so that the object to be crushed W1 can be put into the crusher 1 from the lateral direction, and therefore the object to be crushed W1 is a long tree. However, the input operation becomes easy.

  Subsequently, the crusher 5 includes a pair of crushing rollers 6 and 6 arranged in parallel along the side, a motor M2 that rotationally drives the crushing rollers 6 and 6, and the crushing rollers 6 and 6 that are rotatably supported. 1 and a hopper 8 connected to a charging port 7a provided at the upper end of the housing 7 in FIG.

  The crushing rollers 6 and 6 are both provided with crushing teeth on the outer periphery, the gap between the outer peripheries is set to about 0 to several mm, along the horizontal horizontal direction, and the rotating shafts are arranged in parallel. 1, the crushing roller 6 arranged on the left in FIG. 1 is rotated clockwise by the motor M2, and the hopper 8 is installed in the counterclockwise direction. When the object to be crushed W2 crushed by the crusher 1 is introduced from the upper end side in FIG. 1, the object to be crushed W2 is guided and pulverized between the pulverizing rollers 6 and 6 that are rotationally driven, and the finer fiber shape after pulverization. 1 to be crushed is discharged from a discharge port 7b provided at the lower end of the housing 7 in FIG.

  Then, the pulverized product W3 discharged from the lower side of the pulverizer 5 is conveyed outside the base B by the conveyor C disposed further below the pulverizer 5 and installed in the base B. It has become.

Further, a box-shaped cover 10 is provided at the left end of the housing 3 in FIG. 1 so as to cover the space behind the crusher 1 and the upper portion of the crusher 5 in FIG. 1. The lower end of the pulverizer 5 is opened, and the crushed object W2 crushed by the crusher 1 can be guided into the hopper 8 of the pulverizer 5, and the pulverized object W2 reaches the pulverizer 5 from the crusher 1. It prevents it from splashing outside.

  Further, the cover 10 includes a main body 11 and an inspection door 12 that is rotatably attached to the main body 11. By opening the inspection door 12, the rear side of the crusher 1 and the upper side of the crusher 5 are provided. It is possible to check the side.

  Further, a magnet bar 14 is attached to the inspection door 12 via a bracket 13. When the inspection door 12 is closed, the magnet bar 14 is crushed near the discharge port 3 a behind the crusher 1. It is arranged in parallel with the rollers 2, 2, and the metal sticking to the object to be crushed W or being mixed in can be collected by the magnet rod 14. The metal collected by the magnet bar 14 can be easily removed by opening the inspection door 12 installed on the cover 10. Due to the presence of the magnet rod 14, the object to be crushed W2 after the metal of the magnetic material is removed can be put into the pulverizer 5, thereby suppressing damage and deterioration of the pulverizing rollers 6 and 6 of the pulverizer 5. This makes it possible to extend the life of the pulverizer.

  As can be understood from the above description, the large object to be pulverized W1 is first crushed by the crusher 1 into a chip-shaped object to be pulverized W2 that can be pulverized by the pulverizer 5, and pulverized. Since the machine 5 is disposed obliquely below the crusher 1, the object to be crushed W <b> 2 is charged into the hopper 8 from obliquely above the crusher 5.

  That is, the object to be crushed W2 discharged from the discharge port 3a of the crusher 1 slides on the bottom surface 11a of the cover 10, falls on the slope 8a on the crusher 1 side of the hopper 8, and then slides on the slope 8a. Thus, it is fed between the pulverizing rollers 6 and 6 in the pulverizer 5.

  In addition, since the pulverization process of the material W2 to be pulverized by the pulverizer 5 takes more time than the crushing process of the pulverized object W1 by the crusher 1, the discharge amount per unit time of the material W2 to be pulverized by the crusher 1 However, the crushing rollers 2 and 2 are driven so that the processing amount per unit time of the pulverized object W2 of the pulverizer 5 is not exceeded. It plays a role of controlling the supply amount of the object to be crushed W2. Originally, when the processing speed of the pulverizer 5 exceeds the processing speed of the crusher 1, it is not necessary to control the supply amount of the pulverized material W2 on the crusher 1 side.

  Therefore, in the pulverizing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the pulverizer 5 is disposed obliquely below the crusher 1, and the pulverizing rolls 6 and 6 of the pulverizer 5 are disposed side by side in parallel. Since the machine 1 can play a role of controlling the supply amount of the object to be crushed W2 to be supplied to the pulverizer 5, a conveyor is not required in the apparatus, and the crushing rolls 2 and 2 of the crusher 1 are moved up and down. Since the crusher 1 is considered so as not to have a width because it is arranged, the crushing apparatus does not become large, and the crushing apparatus is lightweight and compact.

  Further, since the object to be crushed W2 discharged from the crusher 1 is thrown into the pulverizer 5 from obliquely above, the object to be crushed W2 constantly falls on the right crushing roller 6 as shown in the figure. Therefore, the occurrence of a situation in which the object to be pulverized W2 does not accumulate on the left and right pulverizing rollers 6 and 6 and the object to be pulverized W2 near the inlet 7a of the pulverizer 5 forms a bridge is suppressed. Thus, it is possible to avoid a situation in which pulverization of the object to be crushed W2 by 5 becomes impossible.

  Further, since the pulverizer 5 is disposed obliquely below the crusher 1, the crusher 1 is on the left side in FIG. Even if a situation occurs in which the space above the pulverizer 1 in FIG. 1 can be increased and the crushed object W2 is clogged in the hopper 8 or the cover 10 in the middle of the conveyance path, The clogging of the object to be crushed W2 can be eliminated, and the inspection door 12 is opened and the above space is checked, so that both the crusher 1 and the pulverizer 5 can be inspected without putting an unreasonable posture on the operator. There is an advantage in arrangement that it can be easily performed. Furthermore, since it is possible to set a large space for the conveyance path of the object to be crushed W2 between the crusher 1 and the pulverizer 5, the installation of the magnet rod 14 for collecting the metal mixed in the object to be crushed W2. Becomes easier and the degree of freedom of installation is improved.

  The hopper 8 is provided with a sensor 20 for detecting the accumulation of the object W2 to be crushed in the hopper 8. Specifically, the sensor 20 includes a light projector 20a provided above the hopper 8 in FIG. 2 is a photoelectric sensor including a light receiver 20b provided below the hopper 8 in FIG. 2, and if the object to be crushed W2 accumulates excessively in the hopper 8, light from the light projector 20a is received on the light receiver 20b side. Therefore, the accumulation of the object to be crushed W2 is detected.

  When the sensor 20 detects that the object to be crushed W2 has accumulated excessively in the hopper 8, a control device (not shown) stops the crusher 1 and the crusher 5, or stops the crusher 1. On the other hand, it is set to perform predetermined processing such as rotating the pulverizing rollers 6 and 6 of the pulverizer 5 in the opposite direction to the above in order to eliminate clogging of the object to be pulverized W2.

  In other words, since it can be detected that the pulverized object W2 is excessively accumulated in the hopper 8, it is possible to detect the accumulation of the pulverized object W2 in the hopper 8, whether automatically or manually. Can be resolved promptly.

  Although the sensor 20 is a photoelectric sensor as described above, a sensor using another sense principle can be used as long as the accumulation of the object to be crushed W2 in the hopper 8 can be detected. It is.

  Furthermore, in the crusher 1 according to the present embodiment, the crushing rollers 2 and 2 in FIG. 1 are arranged along the vertical vertical direction. Although it can be carried out from the lateral direction, the charging operation becomes very easy. However, the crushing rollers 2 and 2 are not strictly arranged along the vertical vertical direction, and the crushing rollers 2 and 2 are arranged in the vertical vertical direction. 1 may be arranged up and down with a slight inclination. Even in the crusher 5, the crushing rollers 6 and 6 in FIG. 1 are arranged along the horizontal horizontal direction. The rollers 6 and 6 may not be arranged along the horizontal horizontal direction, and the crushing rollers 6 and 6 may be arranged horizontally with a slight inclination with respect to the horizontal horizontal direction.

  The motors M1 and M2 are used to drive the crushing rollers 2 and 2 and the crushing rollers 6 and 6, but a hydraulic motor can also be used. Furthermore, the crusher 1 is not limited as long as the size of the pulverized object W1 can be pulverized by the pulverizer 5, and the pulverized object W2 can be further pulverized in the pulverizer 5. Since it is only necessary to pulverize to W3, it is a matter of course that the specific configurations of the crushing roller 2 and the crushing roller 6 are not limited to those described above.

  This is the end of the description of the embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is of course not limited to the details shown or described.

It is a schematic side sectional view of a crusher in one embodiment. It is a schematic plan view of the grinding | pulverization apparatus in one Embodiment. It is the schematic of the conventional grinding | pulverization apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Crushing roller 2a Shaft 2b Crushing teeth 3, 7 Housing 3a, 7b Discharge port 4 Object to be crushed 5 Crusher 6 Crushing roller 7a Input port 8 Hopper 8a Slope in hopper 10 Cover 11 Body 11a in cover Bottom surface 12 Inspection door 13 Bracket 14 Magnet bar 20 Sensor 20a Projector 20b Receiver B Base C Conveyor L1, L2 Leg M1, M2 Motor P1, P2 Top plate W1, W2, W3

Claims (4)

A pair of crushing rollers arranged in parallel vertically is rotated to crush the object to be crushed between the crushing rollers, and a pair of crushing rollers installed obliquely below the crushing machine and arranged side by side are rotated. And a pulverizer that pulverizes the material to be crushed by the crushing machine between the crushing rollers, and drops the material to be crushed discharged from the crusher onto one of the crushing rollers . The crusher according to claim 1 , wherein a cover is provided to cover the rear side of the crusher and the upper side of the crusher, the cover includes a main body and an inspection door attached to the main body, and a magnet rod is attached to the inspection door. apparatus. 3. Each crushing roller is driven so that the discharge amount per unit time of the material to be crushed by the crusher does not exceed the processing amount per unit time of the material to be crushed by the crusher. Grinding device. The pulverization apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a hopper that receives a material to be crushed by the crusher and inputs the material to the crusher, and includes a sensor that detects accumulation of the material to be crushed in the hopper.

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