JP5116612B2 - Cabin support structure for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cabin support structure for a construction machine including a hydraulic excavator and the like, and more particularly to a cabin support structure for a construction machine that supports a cabin provided in the construction machine on a base frame on the vehicle body side.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a basic configuration of a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine generally known from the past. In FIG. 1, a hydraulic excavator 1 includes a lower traveling body 2 capable of self-propelling and an upper revolving body 4 that is rotatably installed on the lower traveling body 2 via a revolving mechanism 3. A front work machine 5 and a cabin (driver's seat) 6 are provided on 4.

  The front work machine 5 is for performing excavation work such as earth and sand. The boom 7 is connected to the upper swing body 4 so as to be able to move up and down, and can be pivoted up and down to the tip of the boom 7. An arm 8 connected to the front end of the arm 8, a front attachment such as a bucket 10 connected to the tip of the arm 8 via a link mechanism 9 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the boom 7 is rotated. A boom cylinder 11, an arm cylinder 12 that rotates the arm 8, and a bucket cylinder 13 that rotates the bucket 10 are configured. The operation of the front work machine 5 is controlled when the operator operates the cylinders 11, 12, 13 and the like in the cabin 6 via operation means such as an operation lever.

  Here, when the excavator 1 is operated to perform work such as earth excavation, the entire vehicle vibrates greatly. Therefore, when the operator operates the machine in the cabin 6, the cabin 6 is provided with the upper swing body 4 in order to improve the comfort in the cabin 6 and perform each operation smoothly, safely and reliably. However, the vibrations of the vehicle are controlled to be transmitted to the cabin 6 by using a vibration isolating mechanism. For this purpose, an anti-vibration mount is used, and the cabin 6 and the upper swing body 4 are basically connected via the anti-vibration mount (for example, see Patent Document 1).

The anti-vibration mount is generally provided at each of the four corners between the base frame and the cabin of the upper swing body as shown in Patent Document 1, and the cabin tends to move away from the base frame. The regulation that suppresses the above is basically a structure that is performed only by the vibration-proof mount.
Japanese Patent No. 3671790.

  As described above, in the cabin support structure in the conventional construction machine as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the regulation for suppressing the cabin from moving in a direction largely away from the base frame is basically Since the structure is constructed by using only the anti-vibration mount, the structure of the anti-vibration mount and each component constituting the anti-vibration mount should be made of a structure and material having a large strength so as to withstand it. There must be. For this reason, there is a problem that the cost of each component is increased and the structure is enlarged.

  Thus, there is a technical problem to be solved in order to reduce the cost of parts and reduce the cost and to reduce the size of the structure. The present invention aims to solve this problem. To do.

The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cabin is provided in at least four corners between a base frame on the vehicle body side and a cabin provided on the base frame. In the cabin support structure of a construction machine, each of which is provided with an anti-vibration mount that supports the base frame.
The anti-vibration mount includes therein stroke end position regulating means for regulating further movement of the cabin when the cabin moves a predetermined amount in a direction away from the base frame,
In the vicinity of the anti-vibration mount located at the rear corner of the cabin, an anchor bolt for restricting the movement of the cabin exceeding the predetermined amount together with the anti-vibration mount is provided,
The anchor bolt is largely deformed away from the base frame, and the timing at which the retaining prevention is started is substantially the same as the timing at which the retaining prevention by the stroke end position restricting means inside the vibration isolating mount is started. Thus, by providing the position with the base frame as described above , there is provided a cabin support structure for a construction machine in which the anti-removal restriction inside the vibration-proof mount and the anti-removal restriction of the anchor bolt can act simultaneously.

According to this configuration, when the cabin further tries to move beyond a predetermined amount in a direction far away from the base frame, the anti-vibration mound and the anchor bolt cooperate to regulate and prevent the movement. Accordingly, the loads applied to the vibration isolation mound and the anchor bolt are distributed in two and become smaller. In the case of construction machines, the vibration acting on the cabin is a combination of up / down, front / rear, left / right and rotation, but the vibration of the cabin during excavation is mainly in the pitch direction (front / rear direction), Although it occurs at the rear end side of the cabin, in the structure of the present invention, the anchor bolt is provided in the vicinity of the anti-vibration mount located at the rear corner of the cabin, so that the strength at the rear corner side is mainly increased.
Further, according to this configuration, when the cabin is greatly deformed away from the base frame, the anti-removal restriction inside the vibration-proof mount is performed almost simultaneously with the anti-removal restriction by the anchor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the vibration-proof mount includes a bottomed cylindrical outer casing having an open top surface, a cylindrical inner casing disposed inside the outer casing and having upper and lower surfaces opened, and the inner Elasticity that covers the lower end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing from the lower end side of the casing, is fitted inside the inner casing, and is attached to the opening of the outer casing together with the inner casing to attenuate the vibration of the cabin comprising members and the core shaft, wherein the central portion is inserted into a through hole formed in the elastic member is secured to the cabin of the inner casing, and a regulating plate which is fixed to the lower end of the core shaft, the stroke end position regulating means, the regulating plate abuts against the lower end of the inner casing through the elastic member, and said to reach the compression limit of the elastic member inner Configured to regulate a further movement in the pacing regulating plate and, in at least until before SL anchor bolts regulates the movement of the cabin is elastically deforming the elastic member, then, the elastic member is a compression limit providing a construction machine of the cabin supporting structure according to claim 1, wherein the anchor bolt is time to start restricting further movement is made so as to begin to restrict the movement of the cabin of the cabin with the regulating plate and the inner casing reaching To do.

  According to this configuration, until the anchor bolt starts to restrict the movement of the cabin, the elastic member of the vibration-proof mount is elastically deformed along with the movement of the cabin, and the elastic deformation loosens the movement of the cabin. Thus, when the stroke end position restricting means restricts the movement of the cabin together with the anchor bolt, the restriction impact by the stroke end position restricting means is also buffered.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the cabin further moves beyond a predetermined amount in a direction far away from the base frame, the load applied to the vibration isolating mount and the anchor bolt is respectively 2 of the vibration isolating mount and the anchor bolt. The strength of the anti-vibration mount and the anchor bolt does not need to be so large, and a small anti-vibration mount and anchor bolt can be used. As a result, the component cost can be reduced and provided at a low price, and the size can be reduced.
In addition, if the cabin is greatly deformed away from the base frame, the anchoring prevention regulation by the anchor and the anti-separation regulation inside the anti-vibration mount work almost simultaneously to buffer the impact, so in addition to the above effects, the anchor bolt and stroke end position The impact on the cabin at the time of regulation by the regulation means can be reduced, and improvement in ride comfort, operability and durability can be expected.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, until the anchor bolt starts to regulate the movement of the cabin, the movement of the cabin is moderated by the elastic deformation of the elastic member in the vibration-proof mount, and the impact of the regulation by the anchor bolt on the cabin is suppressed. In addition to buffering, when the stroke end position restricting means restricts the retention of the cabin together with the anchor bolt, the impact of the restriction by the stroke end position restricting means is also buffered. The impact on the cabin at the time of regulation by the anchor bolt and the stroke end position regulating means can be reduced, and improvement in riding comfort, operability and durability can be expected.

In order to achieve the object of reducing the cost by reducing the cost of parts and reducing the size of the structure, the present invention provides a base frame on the vehicle body side and a cabin provided on the base frame. Anti-vibration mounts for supporting the cabin to the base frame are provided at least at the four corners so as to restrict the cabin from further moving when the cabin moves a predetermined amount in a direction away from the base frame. In the cabin support structure for a construction machine, the anti-vibration mount has the cabin separated from the base frame.
Stroke end position that restricts further movement of the cabin when it moves a predetermined amount in the direction
Comprising a置規system means within the vicinity of the vibration damping mount that is located in a corner after the cabin, the movement exceeding said predetermined amount of said cabin, provided with anchor bolts to regulate together with the vibration damping mount, the anchor bolts The cabin changes greatly away from the base frame.
The stroke end position regulation inside the anti-vibration mount
The base frame so that it is almost the same time as
By adjusting the position, the anti-separation restriction inside the anti-vibration mount and the anti-separation restriction of the anchor bolt can be applied simultaneously.

  Hereinafter, the cabin support structure for a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in FIGS. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, members corresponding to those of the conventional hydraulic excavator shown in FIG.

  1 to 4, the cabin 6 is provided on the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4, and the space between the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 and the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4 is as shown in FIG. 2. A total of four corners on both the left and right sides of the front and the left and right sides of the rear are connected via vibration-proof mounts 16, 16, 16, 16, and vibration on the base frame 14 side is caused by the vibration-proof mounts 16, 16, 16, 16. The transmission to the cabin 6 is controlled. Of these four corners, anchor bolts 17 and 17 are respectively provided in the vicinity of the rear side of the anti-vibration mounts 16 and 16 provided at the left and right corners of the rear portion that are particularly subjected to large vibration during excavation. Accordingly, the left and right corners of the rear portion are connected to the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 and the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4 by the anchor bolts 17 and 17 in addition to the anti-vibration mounts 16, 16, 16 and 16. It is illustrated.

  The structure and mounting structure of these vibration-proof mounts 16, 16, 16, 16 and the structure and mounting structure of the anchor bolts 17 and 17 will be further described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the rear side anti-vibration mount 16 and the anchor bolt 17 provided near the rear side of the anti-vibration mount 16 are shown as representative examples. , 16, 16 and the anchor bolt 17 also basically have the same configuration and mounting structure.

  The anti-vibration mount 16 includes a bottomed cylindrical outer casing 18 whose upper surface is open. The outer casing 18 has a flange 19 at the peripheral edge of the upper end opening, and the flange 19 is attached to a bracket 20 fixed to the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4 as a vehicle body with bolts (not shown). . The outer casing 18 is provided with a stroke end position restricting means 21 and an elastic member 22.

  The stroke end position restricting means 21 is disposed inside the outer casing 18 and has a cylindrical inner casing 23 whose upper and lower surfaces are open, and a core shaft 24 disposed at the center of the inner casing 23. The control shaft 25 is fixed to the lower end side of the core shaft 24 by welding, for example. Further, a flange 26 is provided at the peripheral edge of the upper end opening of the inner casing 23, and the flange 26 is attached to the base frame 14 together with the flange 19 of the outer casing 18.

  The elastic member 22 is an elastic material made of rubber, and covers the lower end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing 23 from the lower end side of the inner casing 23 before the core shaft 24 and the restriction plate 25 are incorporated into the inner casing 23. And it is fitted and attached to the inside of the inner casing 23. Further, a buffer portion 27 protrudes upward at the center of the upper surface of the elastic member 22, and a through hole 28 through which the core shaft 24 passes is provided at the center.

  The core shaft 24 with the restriction plate 25 attached to the lower end side is inserted into the through-hole 28 from the lower end side in a state where the elastic member 22 is mounted on the inner casing 23, and the outer casing 18 together with the inner casing 23 in this state. Installed inside. Prior to the introduction of the stroke end position restricting means 21 and the elastic member 22 into the outer casing 18, a high-viscosity liquid 29 such as silicon oil is placed in the outer casing 18. A damper chamber 30 in which the restriction plate 25 is disposed is formed.

  Further, a screw portion 24 a is provided at the upper end of the core shaft 24. Then, the anti-vibration mount 16 is fixed to the floor plate 15 by passing the screw portion 24 a through the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 and fastening the nut 31 to the screw portion 24 a from the inside of the cabin 6. That is, by fixing the upper portion of the core shaft 24 and the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 and fixing the inner casing 23, the outer casing 18, and the base frame 14 via the bracket 20, the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 and the base of the upper revolving unit 4. The frames 14 are connected to each other.

  In the configuration of the vibration isolating mount 16, vibration generated in the upper swing body 4 during work and traveling is transmitted to the core shaft 24 via the outer casing 18, the inner casing 23, and the elastic member 22. The vibration 24 is damped by the regulating plate 25, the highly viscous liquid 29, and the elastic member 22.

  Further, when the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 moves a predetermined amount in a direction away from the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4 (direction indicated by an arrow M in FIG. 3), the regulation plate 25 is moved through the elastic member 22 to the inner casing 23. When it comes into contact with the lower end and reaches the compression limit of the elastic member 22, further movement is restricted by the inner casing 23 and the restriction plate 25.

  Next, the anchor bolt 17 includes a fixed shaft 32 whose upper end is fixed to the lower surface of the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 by welding, and a washer 33 and a nut 34 attached to the fixed shaft 32. A screw portion 32 a is provided at the lower end of the fixed shaft 32. Then, the lower end portion of the fixed shaft 32 is passed through the bracket 35 on the base frame 14 side, and a washer 33 and a nut 34 are sequentially attached to the screw portion 32a from the lower side of the bracket 35, and the nut 34 is attached to the screw portion 32a. The lower end of the fixed shaft 32 is attached to the base frame 14 via the bracket 35.

  Here, play is provided between the washer 33 attached to the anchor bolt 17 and the lower surface 35 a of the bracket 35. The play is approximately equal to a predetermined amount until the cabin 6 is restricted from moving away from the base frame 14. That is, when the floor plate 15 of the cabin 6 moves a predetermined amount in a direction away from the base frame 14 of the upper swing body 4, the washer 33 comes into contact with the lower surface 35 a of the bracket 35 and restricts further movement.

  Further, between the timing at which the anti-vibration mount 16 regulates the movement of the cabin 6 away from the base frame 14 and the timing at which the anchor bolt 17 regulates the movement of the cabin 6 away from the base frame 14. Has the following relationship. Until the anchor bolt 17 restricts the retaining of the cabin 6, that is, until the washer 33 abuts against the lower surface 35 a of the bracket 35 and restricts further movement, the anti-vibration mount 16 is elastic in the restricting plate 25. The elastic member 22 is gradually pressed against the member 22 and gradually elastically deforms to mainly act as a buffer. The cabin 6 moves away from the base frame 14 almost at the timing when the washer 33 contacts the lower surface 35a of the bracket 35. The movement in the direction is set so as to be regulated together with the anchor bolt 17.

  FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the timing regulated by the anchor bolt 17 and the timing regulated by the anti-vibration mount 16. The horizontal axis indicates the amount (stroke) by which the cabin 6 moves away from the base frame 14. The vertical axis indicates the magnitude of energy absorbed by the vibration-proof mount 16 and the anchor bolt 17 on the vertical axis. In the same figure, a line indicated by symbol a indicates the amount of movement until the washer 33 contacts the lower surface of the bracket 35, a line indicated by symbol b indicates the amount of energy absorbed by the anchor bolt 17, and a line indicated by symbol c. Indicates the magnitude of energy absorbed by the vibration-proof mount 16.

  From FIG. 4, until the movement of the cabin 6 is restricted by the anchor bolt 17, the elastic member 22 of the vibration-proof mount 16 is elastically deformed along with the movement of the cabin 6, and the elastic deformation loosens the movement of the cabin 6. Then, it is understood that the stroke end position restricting means 21 absorbs energy by restricting further movement of the cabin 6 together with the anchor bolt 17.

  Therefore, in the cabin support structure of the construction machine in the present embodiment, the movement of the cabin 6 is moderated and buffered by the elastic deformation of the elastic member 22 until the anchor bolt 17 starts to restrict the movement of the cabin 6, and thereafter Since the stroke end position regulating means 21 regulates the movement of the cabin 6 together with the anchor bolts 17, the impact at the time of regulation can be reduced, and the riding comfort, operability and durability of the cabin are improved. .

  Further, at the time of restriction, the stroke end position restricting means 21 and the anchor bolt 17 cooperate to restrict and prevent the movement of the cabin, so that the load applied to the stroke end position restricting means 21 and the anchor bolt 17 is distributed in two. Become smaller. For this reason, it is not necessary to use expensive parts with high strength, and it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing the parts cost.

  In the above embodiment, the buffer action period m1 shown in FIG. 3 in which the stroke end position regulating means 21 regulates the movement of the cabin 6 and the buffer action period shown in FIG. 3 in which the anchor bolt 17 regulates the movement of the cabin 6. There may be a time difference with respect to m2, and the buffering period m2 may act almost simultaneously after the buffering period m1. Even in this case, the load applied to the stroke end position restricting means 21 and the anchor bolt 17 is distributed and reduced in two, so that it is not necessary to use expensive parts with high strength, thereby reducing the parts cost. Lower prices are possible.

  Moreover, although the said Example demonstrated the case where the vibration which generate | occur | produces at the time of work and driving | running | working was demonstrated, an effect is exhibited also when a hydraulic excavator rolls over at the time of work. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, when the excavator rolls over, an external force F is applied to the cabin 6. The cabin 6 receives a force in the direction of the arrow M to move away from the base frame 14. The force is buffered by the stroke end position restricting means 21 and the anchor bolt 17, and the strength between the cabin 6 and the base frame 14 is increased. Is secured.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention naturally extends to the modified ones.

Sectional drawing which shows the connection structure of the cabin and upper turning body in the hydraulic excavator to which this invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a schematic arrangement view of a vibration-proof mount and anchor bolts for a cabin. The expanded sectional view of a vibration isolating mount and an anchor bolt same as the above. The figure which shows the relationship between the absorbed energy of an anchor bolt and an anti-vibration mount, and a movement amount. Diagram explaining the buffering action when the excavator falls A side view of a general excavator.

Explanation of symbols

4 Upper swing body (car body)
6 Cabin 14 Base frame 15 Floor plate 16 Anti-vibration mount 17 Anchor bolt 18 Outer casing 21 Stroke end position restricting means 22 Elastic member 23 Inner casing 24 Core shaft 24a Bolt 25 Restricting plate 27 Buffer portion 28 Through hole 29 High viscosity liquid 30 Damper chamber 31 Nut 32 Fixed shaft 32a Threaded portion 33 Washer 34 Nut 35 Bracket

Claims (2)

In a cabin support structure for a construction machine, in which at least four corners between a base frame on the vehicle body side and a cabin provided on the base frame are provided with anti-vibration mounts that support the cabin on the base frame, respectively.
The anti-vibration mount includes therein stroke end position regulating means for regulating further movement of the cabin when the cabin moves a predetermined amount in a direction away from the base frame,
In the vicinity of the anti-vibration mount located at the rear corner of the cabin, an anchor bolt for restricting the movement of the cabin exceeding the predetermined amount together with the anti-vibration mount is provided,
The anchor bolt is largely deformed away from the base frame, and the timing at which the retaining prevention is started is substantially the same as the timing at which the retaining prevention by the stroke end position restricting means inside the vibration isolating mount is started. Thus, by adjusting the position with the base frame as described above, the retention prevention regulation inside the vibration-proof mount and the regulation prevention of the anchor bolt can be performed simultaneously. The anti-vibration mount includes a bottomed cylindrical outer casing having an upper surface opened, a cylindrical inner casing disposed inside the outer casing and having upper and lower surfaces opened, and the inner casing from a lower end side of the inner casing. An elastic member that covers the lower end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing and is fitted inside the inner casing and is attached to the opening of the outer casing together with the inner casing, and a center of the inner casing the core shaft inserted into the through hole formed in the elastic member is fixed to the cabin with parts, and a regulating plate is fixed to the lower end of the core shaft, the stroke end position regulating means, the regulating When the plate contacts the lower end of the inner casing via the elastic member and reaches the compression limit of the elastic member, the inner casing and the regulating plate Configured to regulate the Ranaru movement, during at least until before SL anchor bolts regulates the movement of the cabin is elastically deforming the elastic member, then the inner casing said elastic member reaches the compression limit construction machine of the cabin supporting structure according to claim 1, wherein the anchor bolt is time to start restricting further movement of the cabin, characterized by comprising as begin to restrict the movement of the cabin in the regulating plate and.

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