JP5125968B2 - Roller bearing cage, manufacturing method thereof, and rolling bearing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rolling bearing used in a micro-lubrication system, a rolling bearing cage that is impregnated with lubricating oil and used with the outer circumferential surface or inner circumferential surface as a guide surface, and the rolling bearing cage. The present invention relates to an improvement with a manufacturing method.

  For example, a rolling bearing that is installed in an artificial satellite attitude control flyhole, gyroscope, etc., and used in outer space or vacuum space, realizes a structure with low torque and sufficiently low torque fluctuation. Therefore, it is required to minimize the amount of lubricant used. At the same time, it is required to have a maintenance-free property that it can be operated without replenishing lubricating oil for a long time. Therefore, in order to meet these demands, conventionally, as a rolling bearing lubrication method, a state in which an oil plating process for applying a small amount of lubricating oil to the surface of the raceway and rolling elements has been applied, or lubricating oil is applied to the cage. Employing a micro-lubrication system that operates in an impregnated state.

  In addition, as described above, for example, a cage formed of a phenolic resin laminated tube based on a cloth such as cotton has been used as a cage impregnated with lubricating oil as described above (for example, patents). Reference 1). FIG. 3 shows an example of a conventional structure of a cage formed from such a phenolic resin laminated tube. The cage 1 shown in FIG. 3 has a short cylindrical shape (annular shape) as a whole, and has circular pockets 2 and 2 penetrating through each of these portions in the radial direction at a plurality of circumferentially spaced intervals. It is formed with.

  When manufacturing such a cage 1, first, a phenolic resin laminated tube 3 based on cotton cloth as shown in FIG. 4A is prepared. This phenolic resin laminated tube 3 is formed by winding a sheet-like prepreg formed by impregnating and drying phenolic resin on a cotton cloth 4 as a base material in a cylindrical shape using a mandrel (core), Pressed and molded. If such a phenolic resin laminated tube 3 is prepared, then the short end of the intermediate material 5 as shown in FIG. Get. The intermediate material 5 is subjected to drilling for forming the pockets 2 and 2, turning for adjusting the dimensions of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and both axial sides, milling, etc. By performing a finishing process on each part as necessary, the cage 1 is obtained as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows an angular ball bearing incorporated in a fly hole for attitude control of an artificial satellite as an example of a rolling bearing constructed using such a cage 1. When the ball bearing shown in FIG. 5 is manufactured, first, the cage 1 is impregnated with lubricating oil. Next, each ball 7 is held in a freely rollable manner in each pocket 2 of the cage 1 impregnated with this lubricating oil. At the same time, these balls 7 are arranged between the outer ring raceway 9 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 8 and the outer ring raceway 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 10 so as to roll freely. In this state, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cage 1 is caused to function as a guide surface. That is, when the ball bearing is used, a part of the outer peripheral surface (the right end portion of the outer peripheral surface in the example of FIG. 5) is used as the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 8 (the right end of the outer ring 8 in the example of FIG. 5). The movement of the cage 1 in the radial direction is restricted by sliding contact with or in close proximity to the inner peripheral surface of the shoulder portion 12 existing in the portion. When the ball bearing configured in this manner is used, the lubricating oil oozed from the surface of the cage 1 is used for lubrication of the rolling contact portion and the sliding contact portion existing inside the ball bearing.

  By the way, during the operation of the ball bearing incorporating the cage 1 such as the ball bearing shown in FIG. 5 described above, the guide surface of the cage 1 and the circumferential surface of the bearing ring (the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring or the inner ring If the lubricating oil is insufficiently supplied to the sliding contact portion with the outer peripheral surface) or the sliding contact portion between the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 of the cage 1 and the rolling surface of each ball, these sliding contacts The frictional resistance at the portion increases, and self-excited vibration of the cage 1 occurs, resulting in large torque fluctuations and excessive temperature rise. Such a problem also occurs when the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the sliding contact portions becomes excessive and the viscosity resistance of the lubricating oil increases. Accordingly, in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of such a problem, the guide surface of the retainer 1 and the above-mentioned guides are provided so that the amount of lubricating oil supplied to each sliding contact portion can be made appropriate. It is necessary to regulate the absorption and leaching ability of the lubricating oil on the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2.

  On the other hand, the absorption / exudation ability of the lubricating oil on the surface of the cage 1 varies depending on the proportion of the fibers of the cotton cloth 4 exposed on the surface. Specifically, the greater the exposed ratio of the fiber, the higher the absorption / exudation ability of the lubricating oil. In this regard, in the case of the cage 1, the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 are non-concentric with the cotton cloth 4. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner surfaces of these pockets 2 and 2 are predetermined ratios in which the cut surfaces of the fibers 6 and 6 of the cotton cloth 4 are determined according to the fiber density and the lamination density of the cotton cloth 4. The surface is exposed at. With respect to the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 having such characteristics, the exposed ratio of the fibers 6 and 6 is substantially constant regardless of the amount of cutting at the time of manufacture, that is, the ability to absorb and exude lubricating oil. Can be almost constant. Therefore, if the fiber density and the lamination density of the cotton cloth 4 with respect to the phenol resin laminated tube 3 are appropriately regulated, the ability to absorb and exude lubricating oil on the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 is made appropriate. I can do things. As a result, the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the sliding contact portion between the inner surface of each of the pockets 2 and 2 and the rolling surface of each of the balls can be made appropriate, and it is effective that the problems described above occur. Can be prevented.

  However, in the case of the conventional cage 1, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface that may function as a guide surface during use are concentric with the cotton cloth 4. For this reason, these outer peripheral surfaces and inner peripheral surfaces are surfaces parallel to the surface direction of the cotton cloth 4 as shown in FIG. With respect to the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the cage 1 having such characteristics, the cotton cloth 4 depends on the amount of cutting at the time of manufacture (the radial position of the peripheral surface in relation to the position of the cotton cloth 4). The exposure ratio of the fibers 6, 6, that is, the absorption / exudation ability of the lubricating oil changes greatly. And when the absorption / exudation ability of this lubricating oil is excessively low or high, it becomes impossible to properly supply the lubricating oil to the sliding contact portion between the guide surface and the peripheral surface of the raceway, There is a possibility that the problems as described above may occur.

JP 2006-349136 A

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention relates to a rolling bearing retainer formed from a phenolic resin laminated tube based on a cloth such as cotton cloth, which is incorporated into a rolling bearing used in a micro lubrication system. In addition to the inner surface, the present invention has been invented to realize a structure that makes it easy to make the exposed ratio of the fibers of the cloth appropriate, not only on the inner surface but also on the manufacturing method.

Of the rolling bearing retainer, the manufacturing method thereof, and the rolling bearing of the present invention, the rolling bearing retainer according to claim 1 is a cloth such as a woven cloth or a non-woven cloth such as cotton cloth (most preferably, a cotton woven cloth). Or a non-woven fabric) based on a phenolic resin laminated tube, the whole is annular, and has pockets for holding rolling elements (balls, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, spherical rollers, etc.) at multiple locations in the circumferential direction. Prepare. And it is used in the state which made the outer peripheral surface or a part of inner peripheral surface the guide surface while impregnating lubricating oil.
In particular, in the rolling bearing cage of the present invention, the guide surface and the inner surfaces of the pockets are non-concentric surfaces with the cloth constituting the phenolic resin laminated tube, respectively. The cut surfaces of the fibers constituting the cloth are exposed on the entire inner surfaces of the pockets at a ratio corresponding to the fiber density and the lamination density of the cloth with respect to the phenol resin laminated tube.

When the rolling bearing retainer described in claim 1 is implemented, there is no particular limitation on the type of the lubricating oil. However, in consideration of lubricity and ease of impregnation with phenol resin, it is preferable to use synthetic oils such as hydrocarbon oils, aromatic base oils, ester oils and ether oils. Also, in regard to the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil is preferably from ^{30~200mm 2 / s (40 ℃)} , more preferably if ^{100~150mm 2 / s (40 ℃)} .
Further, the surface properties of the guide surface and the inner surface of each pocket are appropriate surface properties (for example, surface properties described in claim 1 of Patent Document 1) by processing such as shot peening, barrel treatment, honing, burnishing, and the like. ) Is preferable.

  A rolling bearing retainer manufacturing method according to claim 2 is a manufacturing method of a rolling bearing retainer according to claim 1, which is a phenol resin based on cloth (preferably cotton cloth). A part of the laminated tube is cut out in a direction different from the ring cut, such as a direction different from the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the phenolic resin laminated tube, to obtain an intermediate material. After that, based on cutting the intermediate material, the guide surfaces constituting the rolling bearing retainer and the inner surfaces of the pockets are respectively formed as non-concentric surfaces with the cloth constituting the phenolic resin laminated tube. To do. Then, the cut surfaces of the fibers constituting the cloth are exposed at predetermined ratios (determined according to the fiber density and lamination density of the cloth) on the entire guide surface and the entire inner surface of each pocket.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the rolling bearing is provided such that the outer ring having the outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, the inner ring having the inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway can be freely rolled. A plurality of rolling elements (balls, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, spherical rollers, etc.) and a cage that holds these rolling elements in a freely rollable manner are provided.
In particular, in the rolling bearing of the present invention, the cage is the rolling bearing cage described in claim 1.

Such a rolling bearing described in claim 3 is suitable for use in outer space or vacuum space by being incorporated in, for example, an attitude control flyhole or gyroscope of an artificial satellite.
The rolling elements are preferably made of a ceramic material (silicon nitride, silicon carbide, alumina, zirconia, etc.) excellent in wear resistance, or a ceramic material film is formed on the surface of a metal core. Use things.
Preferably, a small amount of lubricating oil is applied to the outer ring raceway, the inner ring raceway, and the surface of each of the rolling elements (a thin film of lubricating oil having a thickness of about 0.2 to 1 μm is formed). It is used in the state that has been processed. In this case, preferably, the lubricating oil used in the oil plating process and the lubricating oil impregnated in the cage are made the same as each other so that the lubricating properties of the entire rolling bearing are increased and different lubricating oils are used. Prevents deterioration of lubrication performance due to mixing.

  In the case of the rolling bearing retainer of the present invention, the manufacturing method thereof, and the rolling bearing having the above-described configuration, the guide surface of the rolling bearing retainer and the inner surface of each pocket constitute a phenol resin laminated tube, respectively. The surface of the cloth is non-concentric with the cloth such as cotton cloth, and the cut surfaces of the fibers of the cloth are exposed at a predetermined ratio on the entire inner surfaces of the guide surface and the pockets. Therefore, with respect to the guide surface and the inner surface of each pocket, regardless of the amount of cutting at the time of manufacture (particularly the radial position of the guide surface and the cutting completion position), the exposed ratio of the fibers can be made substantially constant, The absorption and leaching ability of the lubricating oil on the guide surface and the inner surface of each pocket can be made almost constant. For this reason, if the fiber density and lamination density of the cloth relating to the phenol resin laminated tube are regulated, the ability to absorb and exude lubricating oil on the guide surface and the inner surface of each pocket can be made appropriate. . As a result, the sliding contact portion between the guide surface and the peripheral surface of the race (the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring), and the sliding contact portion between the inner surface of each pocket and the rolling surface of each rolling element The amount of lubricating oil supplied to can be made appropriate. In addition, due to the lubrication state of each of these sliding contact portions, self-excited vibration of the rolling bearing cage, etc. occurs, and the problem that the torque of the rolling bearing and the fluctuation range of this torque increase occurs. Can be effectively prevented.

  1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this example is that the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the cage 1a and the properties of the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 (the exposed ratio of the fibers constituting the cloth such as cotton cloth) and the method for manufacturing the cage 1a It is in. The overall shape of the cage 1a is the same as that of the conventional structure shown in FIG. For this reason, the overlapping description will be omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on the features of this example.

  When producing the cage 1a of this example, first, a phenolic resin laminated tube 3 having a cotton cloth 4 as a base material as shown in FIG. Next, the intermediate portion in the thickness direction of a portion in the circumferential direction of the axial end portion of the phenolic resin laminated tube 3 is cut out to obtain a rectangular plate-shaped intermediate material 5a as shown in FIG. Then, the intermediate material 5a is subjected to a cutting process for cutting off the surrounding four corners as necessary, and then a drilling process for forming the pockets 2 and 2 and both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and both axial sides. The retainer 1a as shown in (C) of the figure is obtained by performing turning processing, milling processing, and the like for adjusting the shape and dimensions with the surface, and performing finishing processing on each part as necessary. .

  In the case of the cage 1a of the present example manufactured by the method as described above, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface that may be used as a guide surface, and the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 are respectively the phenol. The surface is non-concentric with the cotton cloth 4 constituting the resin laminated tube 3. For this reason, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cage 1a and the entire inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 have cut surfaces of the fibers 6 and 6 of the cotton cloth 4 as shown in detail in FIG. Exposed at a predetermined rate. Therefore, regarding the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the cage 1a and the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2, regardless of the amount of cutting at the time of manufacture, the exposure ratio of the fibers 6 and 6 can be made almost constant, The absorption and leaching ability of the lubricating oil on the outer and inner peripheral surfaces of the cage 1a and the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 can be made substantially constant. For this reason, if the fiber density and the lamination density of the cotton cloth 4 relating to the phenol resin laminated tube 3 are appropriately regulated, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cage 1a and the inner surfaces of the pockets 2 and 2 will be described. The ability to absorb and exude lubricating oil can be made appropriate. As a result, the sliding contact portion between the guide surface (outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface) of the cage 1a and the peripheral surface of the race (the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring), and the pockets 2, 2 The amount of lubricating oil supplied to the sliding contact portion between the inner surface of each ball and the rolling surface of each ball can be made appropriate. Then, due to the lubrication state of each sliding contact portion, for example, self-excited vibration of the cage 1a used in a state where it is incorporated in a ball bearing as shown in FIG. Moreover, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of a problem that the fluctuation range of the torque is increased.

The perspective view which shows the manufacturing process of the holder | retainer which shows one example of embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion, a second portion, and a second portion of FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the conventional structure of the holder | retainer formed from the phenol resin laminated tube which used cotton cloth as the base material. The perspective view which shows the manufacturing process of this holder | retainer. A half section view showing an example of a ball bearing incorporating this cage. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion E and a portion F of FIG. 3.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a Cage 2 Pocket 3 Phenolic resin laminated tube 4 Cotton cloth 5, 5a Intermediate material 6 Textile 7 Ball 8 Outer ring 9 Outer ring track 10 Inner ring 11 Outer ring track 12 Shoulder

Claims (3)

  Formed from a cloth-based phenolic resin laminated tube, the whole is annular, has pockets for holding rolling elements at multiple locations in the circumferential direction, impregnated with lubricating oil, and has an outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface In the rolling bearing cage used with a part of the guide surface as a guide surface, the guide surface and the inner surface of each pocket are respectively non-concentric with the cloth constituting the phenolic resin laminated tube. In addition, the cut surfaces of the fibers constituting the cloth are exposed at the ratio corresponding to the fiber density and the lamination density of the cloth with respect to the phenolic resin laminated tube, respectively, on the entire inner surfaces of the guide surface and the pockets. Roller bearing retainer characterized by having   It is a manufacturing method of the cage for rolling bearings described in Claim 1, Comprising: A part of phenol resin laminated pipe which used cloth as a base material cut out this phenol resin laminated pipe in the direction different from ring cutting, and intermediate material Then, based on cutting the intermediate material, the guide surfaces constituting the rolling bearing retainer and the inner surfaces of the pockets are respectively non-concentric surfaces with the cloth constituting the phenolic resin laminated tube. The rolling bearing retainer according to claim 1, wherein the cut surfaces of the fibers constituting the cloth are exposed at a predetermined ratio to the entire inner surfaces of the guide surfaces and the pockets. Method.   An outer ring having an outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having an inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, a plurality of rolling elements provided between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway, and a rolling element A rolling bearing comprising a cage that is movably held, wherein the cage is the rolling bearing cage according to claim 1.

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