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JP5129487B2 - Pyrolysis equipment - Google Patents
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JP5129487B2 - Pyrolysis equipment - Google Patents

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JP5129487B2
JP5129487B2 JP2007011107A JP2007011107A JP5129487B2 JP 5129487 B2 JP5129487 B2 JP 5129487B2 JP 2007011107 A JP2007011107 A JP 2007011107A JP 2007011107 A JP2007011107 A JP 2007011107A JP 5129487 B2 JP5129487 B2 JP 5129487B2
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pyrolysis
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雄樹 遠藤
史郎 笹谷
洋一 古賀
一晃 加倉田
猛 甘利
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、汚泥の炭化処理設備等に適用され、脱水汚泥を含む被処理物を熱分解炉において加熱ガスにより加熱して熱分解させ、該熱分解炉から排出される熱分解ガスを熱分解ガス通路を通して熱分解ガス燃焼炉に導入するように構成された熱分解装置に関する。   The present invention is applied to a sludge carbonization treatment facility and the like, and heats and decomposes an object to be treated including dehydrated sludge by heating with a heating gas in a pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace The present invention relates to a pyrolysis apparatus configured to be introduced into a pyrolysis gas combustion furnace through a gas passage.

図3は、脱水汚泥を乾燥機にて加熱、乾燥せしめて熱分解炉(炭化炉)に導入し、該熱分解炉において乾燥した当該脱水汚泥を、熱分解炉燃焼炉からの燃焼加熱ガスで加熱して熱分解させることにより、当該脱水汚泥から炭化物を生成するように構成された汚泥の炭化処理設備の要部系統図である。
図3において、脱水汚泥は乾燥機20に導入されて、後述する乾燥機燃焼炉(熱分解ガス燃焼炉)25からの乾燥機循環ガスによって加熱、乾燥せしめられてから、熱分解炉100に導入されるようになっている。熱分解炉100に関連して熱分解炉燃焼炉21が設置されており、この熱分解炉燃焼炉21においては、後述する乾燥機燃焼炉25からの乾燥機循環ガスと補助燃料とを燃焼用空気を用いて燃焼させることにより、1100℃程度の高温燃焼ガスを生成している。
FIG. 3 shows that dehydrated sludge is heated and dried in a dryer and introduced into a pyrolysis furnace (carbonization furnace), and the dehydrated sludge dried in the pyrolysis furnace is heated with combustion heating gas from the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace. It is a principal part system diagram of the carbonization processing equipment of the sludge comprised so that a carbide | carbonized_material may be produced | generated from the said dehydrated sludge by heating and decomposing | disassembling.
In FIG. 3, the dewatered sludge is introduced into the dryer 20, heated and dried by a dryer circulating gas from a dryer combustion furnace (pyrolysis gas combustion furnace) 25 described later, and then introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 100. It has come to be. A pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 is installed in association with the pyrolysis furnace 100, and in this pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21, a dryer circulating gas and auxiliary fuel from a dryer combustion furnace 25 described later are used for combustion. By burning with air, a high-temperature combustion gas of about 1100 ° C. is generated.

上記熱分解炉100においては、熱分解炉燃焼炉21で生成された1100℃程度の高温燃焼加熱ガスによって乾燥機20からの乾燥汚泥を加熱して熱分解させることにより、当該乾燥汚泥から炭化物を生成している。この炭化物は、炭化物冷却コンベア23で搬送されながら降温され、加湿機24で加湿処理されてから図示しない炭化物ホッパーに収容されることになる。
また、熱分解炉100において、乾燥汚泥を炭化処理した後の熱分解炉ガス(排ガス)は空気予熱器22で燃焼用空気を予熱してから、所要の浄化処理を施され、外気中に排出されている。
そして、上記乾燥機燃焼炉25には、熱分解炉100からの熱分解ガスが熱分解ガス管8を通して導入されており、該乾燥機燃焼炉25においては、補助燃料及び空気予熱器22で予熱された燃焼用空気を用いて当該熱分解ガスを燃焼させ、950℃程度の燃焼ガスを生成している。この燃焼ガスは、熱分解炉燃焼炉21及び乾燥機20に供給されることになる。
In the pyrolysis furnace 100, the dried sludge from the dryer 20 is heated and thermally decomposed by a high-temperature combustion heating gas of about 1100 ° C. generated in the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 to decompose carbides from the dried sludge. Is generated. The carbide is cooled while being conveyed by the carbide cooling conveyor 23, and is humidified by the humidifier 24 and then stored in a carbide hopper (not shown).
In the pyrolysis furnace 100, the pyrolysis furnace gas (exhaust gas) after carbonizing the dried sludge is preheated with combustion air by the air preheater 22, subjected to a necessary purification process, and discharged into the outside air. Has been.
Then, the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis furnace 100 is introduced into the dryer combustion furnace 25 through the pyrolysis gas pipe 8. In the dryer combustion furnace 25, the auxiliary fuel and air preheater 22 preheats. The pyrolysis gas is burned using the combustion air thus produced, and a combustion gas of about 950 ° C. is generated. This combustion gas is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 and the dryer 20.

ところで、特許文献1(特開平11−241815号公報)には、熱分解炉を備えた廃棄物処理設備が開示されており、この処理設備では、熱分解装置の非常停止時に、緊急遮断弁を閉じて可燃性ガスの存在区間を遮断し、系全体の可燃性ガスを系内に閉じ込め、その後、遮断区間内にある可燃性ガスを不活性ガスと置換しつつ、押し出された可燃性ガスを再燃焼炉で燃焼させるようにしている。
また、特許文献2(特開2006−35117号公報)には、熱分解炉を備えた廃棄物処理設備が開示されており、この処理設備では、熱分解装置の非常停止時に、誘引ブロアを停止し、熱分解炉から発生し続ける熱分解ガスを安全トーチに導くようにしている。
Incidentally, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-241815) discloses a waste treatment facility equipped with a pyrolysis furnace. In this treatment facility, an emergency shut-off valve is provided at the time of emergency stop of the pyrolysis device. Close and shut off the flammable gas existing section, confine the flammable gas of the entire system in the system, and then replace the flammable gas in the shutoff section with inert gas, It is made to burn in a reburning furnace.
Further, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-35117) discloses a waste treatment facility equipped with a pyrolysis furnace. In this treatment facility, the induction blower is stopped when the pyrolysis device is stopped in an emergency. The pyrolysis gas that continues to be generated from the pyrolysis furnace is guided to the safety torch.

特開平11−241815号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241815 特開2006−35117号公報JP 2006-35117 A

しかしながら、図3に示されるような汚泥の炭化処理設備に装備されている熱分解装置にあっては、熱分解装置の非常停止時に、熱分解炉100から乾燥機燃焼炉25に接続される熱分解ガス管8の系統内にある熱分解ガスが、十分に排出されずに系内に残留すると、爆発等の発生原因になり易いという問題点を有している。   However, in the thermal decomposition apparatus equipped in the sludge carbonization facility as shown in FIG. 3, the heat connected from the thermal decomposition furnace 100 to the dryer combustion furnace 25 when the thermal decomposition apparatus is in an emergency stop. If the pyrolysis gas in the system of the cracking gas pipe 8 remains in the system without being sufficiently discharged, there is a problem that it is likely to cause an explosion or the like.

また、上記特許文献1(特開平11−241815号公報)においては、前述のような熱分解装置の非常停止時に、緊急遮断弁を閉じて可燃性ガスの存在区間を遮断し、系全体の可燃性ガスを系内に閉じ込めておいて、その後、遮断区間内にある可燃性ガスを不活性ガスに置換するようにして、前述のような問題を解決するようになっているが、可燃性ガスが閉じ込められた系内において当該可燃性ガスが爆発性を有する混合気をなっていた場合には、静電気や系内の残留熱などの火種を要因をしたガス爆発を誘起する可能性が残されている。   In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241815), at the time of an emergency stop of the thermal decomposition apparatus as described above, the emergency shut-off valve is closed to shut off the existing section of the combustible gas, thereby combusting the entire system. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the combustible gas is confined in the system, and then the combustible gas in the shut-off section is replaced with the inert gas. If the combustible gas is an explosive gas mixture in the system where the gas is confined, there is still a possibility of inducing a gas explosion caused by fire types such as static electricity and residual heat in the system. ing.

さらに、上記特許文献1においては、不活性ガスボンベと熱分解炉との間のガス通路に、当該不活性ガスを熱分解炉内に押し込む押込みファン(押込みブロア)を設けるとともに、熱分解炉出口側の熱分解ガス通路に非常用ダンパを設けており、非常停止時には、緊急遮断弁を閉じて可燃性ガスの存在区間を遮断してから非常用ダンパを開け、押込みファンによって不活性ガスボンベ〜熱分解炉〜非常用ダンパ間の熱分解ガス管路内の熱分解ガスを不活性ガスに置換しているため、押込みファンによって前記熱分解管路内の微小固形物が熱分解炉及びその前後のシール部に詰まり易くなり、シール不良に起因するガス漏れ発生のおそれがある。   Further, in Patent Document 1, a pusher fan (push blower) for pushing the inert gas into the pyrolysis furnace is provided in the gas passage between the inert gas cylinder and the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace outlet side is provided. An emergency damper is installed in the pyrolysis gas passage of the engine, and at the time of emergency stop, the emergency shut-off valve is closed to shut off the flammable gas existing section, and then the emergency damper is opened. Since the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas pipe line between the furnace and the emergency damper is replaced with an inert gas, the solid solids in the pyrolysis pipe line are sealed by the push fan to the pyrolysis furnace and its front and rear seals. There is a risk of gas leakage due to poor sealing.

一方、上記特許文献2においては、前述のような非常停止時に誘引ブロアを停止し、熱分解炉と後段機器とを流通させたままの状態で、熱分解炉から発生し続ける熱分解ガスを安全トーチに導くようにしているため、後段機器で空気の吸込みや可燃性ガスのリーク等が発生した場合には、ガス爆発を誘起する可能性が残されている。   On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the induction blower is stopped at the time of an emergency stop as described above, and the pyrolysis gas that continues to be generated from the pyrolysis furnace is safely kept in a state where the pyrolysis furnace and the subsequent equipment are in circulation. Since it is guided to the torch, there is a possibility of inducing a gas explosion when air inhalation or flammable gas leakage occurs in the subsequent equipment.

本発明は、このような実状に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、装置の非常停止時に、熱分解炉及びその周りの機器類に残留する熱分解ガスを確実に系外へ排出可能とし、ガス爆発等の発生を阻止して安全性及び経済性の向上を図ることが可能な熱分解装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and its purpose is to reliably discharge the pyrolysis gas remaining in the pyrolysis furnace and its surrounding devices to the outside of the system at the time of emergency stop of the apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal decomposition apparatus capable of preventing the occurrence of gas explosion and improving safety and economy.

上記従来技術の有する課題を解決するために、本発明は、脱水汚泥を含む被処理物を熱分解炉に導入し、該熱分解炉において前記被処理物を加熱ガスにより加熱して熱分解させ、前記熱分解炉から排出される熱分解ガスを熱分解ガス通路を通して熱分解ガス燃焼炉に導入するように構成された熱分解装置において、
前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉の上流部位の前記熱分解ガス通路から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し通路設けられているとともに、該非常用ガス抜出し通路に導入された抜出しガスを燃焼させる非常用ガス燃焼装置設けられ、さらに前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する前記熱分解ガス通路に、前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断するガス遮断装置設けられ、
前記非常用ガス抜出し通路には、前記熱分解ガス通路のガスを吸引して前記非常用ガス燃焼装置に送り込む非常用誘引ファンが設けられ、
前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の前記非常用誘引ファンの上流部位には、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路を通った前記抜出しガスを水封する水封タンクが設置され、前記抜出しガスは、前記水封タンクを通ってから前記非常用誘引ファンに吸入させられるように構成されている
In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention introduces an object to be processed including dehydrated sludge into a pyrolysis furnace, and heats the object to be processed with a heating gas in the pyrolysis furnace for thermal decomposition. In the pyrolysis apparatus configured to introduce the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace into the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace through the pyrolysis gas passage,
Emergency gas fired burning the extracted gas is introduced into the pyrolysis gas extraction emergency gas is branched from the passage Rutotomoni have are provided passages, the non-conventional gas extraction passage upstream portion of the pyrolysis gas fired furnace device is provided, further wherein the pyrolysis gas passage located between the emergency gas extraction and the branch portion of the passage and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace, blocking the flow of pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas fired furnace A gas shut-off device is provided ,
The emergency gas extraction passage is provided with an emergency induction fan that sucks the gas in the pyrolysis gas passage and sends it to the emergency gas combustion device,
A water seal tank that seals the extracted gas that has passed through the emergency gas extraction passage is installed upstream of the emergency induction fan in the emergency gas extraction passage. After passing through, the emergency induction fan is configured to be inhaled .

この発明において、具体的には次のように構成するのが好ましい。
(1)前記熱分解ガス通路には、前記熱分解ガス通路のガスを吸引して前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉に送り込む定常用誘引ファンが設けられている
(2)前記熱分解炉の上流側には、該熱分解炉内に不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給手段が設けられている
Specifically, in the present invention, the following configuration is preferable.
(1) The pyrolysis gas passage is provided with a stationary induction fan that sucks the gas in the pyrolysis gas passage and sends it to the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace .
(2) At the upstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, an inert gas supply means for supplying an inert gas into the pyrolysis furnace is provided .

また、本発明において、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する熱分解ガス通路は、複数の並列通路に形成され、該並列通路のそれぞれには、前記ガス遮断装置が設けられている In the present invention, the pyrolysis gas passage located between the branch portion of the emergency gas extraction passage and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace is formed in a plurality of parallel passages, and each of the parallel passages includes: The gas shut-off device is provided .

本発明によれば、前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉の上流部位の前記熱分解ガス通路から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し通路設けられているとともに、該非常用ガス抜出し通路に導入された抜出しガスを燃焼させる非常用ガス燃焼装置設けられ、さらに前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する前記熱分解ガス通路に、前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断するガス遮断装置設けられ、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路には、前記熱分解ガス通路のガスを吸引して前記非常用ガス燃焼装置に送り込む非常用誘引ファンが設けられ、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の前記非常用誘引ファンの上流部位には、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路を通った前記抜出しガスを水封する水封タンクが設置され、前記抜出しガスは、前記水封タンクを通ってから前記非常用誘引ファンに吸入させられるように構成されているので熱分解炉の故障等の非常停止時においては、非常停止と同時に前記ガス遮断装置を作動させて熱分解ガス燃焼炉への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断する一方、前記熱分解ガス通路から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し通路を水封タンクの水を排出することなどにより連通させて、熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを非常用ガス抜出し通路を通して非常用ガス燃焼装置に導入し、当該非常用ガス燃焼装置で燃焼処理することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace emergency gas extraction passage is branched from the pyrolysis gas passage upstream site provided the Rutotomoni, the extracted gas introduced into the non-conventional gas extraction passage the pyrolysis gas passage located between the emergency gas combustion device provided for burning, further wherein the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace and the branch portion of the emergency gas extraction passage, heat to the pyrolysis gas fired furnace A gas shut-off device for shutting off the flow of the cracked gas is provided, and the emergency gas extraction passage is provided with an emergency induction fan that sucks the gas in the pyrolysis gas passage and sends it to the emergency gas combustion device; A water seal tank that seals the extraction gas that has passed through the emergency gas extraction passage is installed at an upstream portion of the emergency induction fan of the emergency gas extraction passage, Which is configured to be inhaled into the induction fan emergency from through the serial water sealing tank, at the time of emergency stop such as a failure of the pyrolysis furnace, emergency stop and actuates the gas cutoff device at the same time While interrupting the flow of pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace, the emergency gas extraction passage branched from the pyrolysis gas passage is communicated by discharging water from the water-sealed tank, etc. It is possible to introduce the pyrolysis gas in the inside and the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace into the emergency gas combustion device through the emergency gas extraction passage, and perform the combustion treatment in the emergency gas combustion device.

したがって本発明によれば、非常停止時において、熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを残存させることなく、かつ熱分解ガス燃焼炉側へ漏洩させることなく、完全に非常用ガス抜出し通路に導入して非常用ガス燃焼装置で燃焼処理することができ、熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉に通ずる通路への熱分解ガスの閉じ込め及びこれによるガス爆発誘起の可能性が皆無となり、非常停止時におけるプラント全体の安全性を保持できるとともに、経済性の向上を図ることができる。
また、前記非常停止時において、前記非常用誘引ファンによって熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを吸引して非常用ガス燃焼装置側に送り出せることになるので、上記特許文献1の技術のような、プラントの非常停止時に不活性ガスを押込みファンによって熱分解炉内及び周辺機器内に押し込み置換することに伴って、熱分解通路内の微小固形物が熱分解炉内及びその前後のシール部に詰まるということが無くなり、これによるシール不良及びこれに起因するガス漏れの発生を回避できる。
さらに、定常運転時において、水封タンクの水により非常用ガス抜出し通路を確実に遮断できる一方、非常停止時において、水封タンクの水を排出することにより非常用ガス抜出し通路を開放して非常用ガス燃焼装置と確実に連通させることができ、熱分解ガス中のタール分等によって非常用ガス抜出し通路が開放できなくなるということが起こらず、当該抜出しガスを非常用誘引ファンに効率的に吸収させることができる。
Therefore, according to the present invention, at the time of an emergency stop, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis furnace and the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace does not remain and does not leak to the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace side. The gas can be introduced into the emergency gas extraction passage and burned by the emergency gas combustion device. The pyrolysis gas can be confined in the pyrolysis furnace and in the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace, and gas explosion can be induced by this. Therefore, the safety of the whole plant at the time of emergency stop can be maintained, and the economic efficiency can be improved.
Further, at the time of the emergency stop, the emergency induction fan can suck the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis furnace and the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace and send it to the emergency gas combustion apparatus side. As in the technique of Patent Document 1, the inert gas is pushed into the pyrolysis furnace and peripheral equipment by the push-in fan at the time of an emergency stop of the plant. It is possible to avoid clogging of the inner and front and rear seal portions, thereby avoiding a sealing failure and a gas leak resulting therefrom.
Furthermore, during normal operation, the emergency gas extraction passage can be reliably shut off by the water in the water seal tank, while in an emergency stop, the emergency gas extraction passage is opened by discharging the water in the water seal tank. The gas can be reliably communicated with the industrial gas combustion device, and the emergency gas extraction passage cannot be opened due to tar content in the pyrolysis gas, and the extracted gas is efficiently absorbed by the emergency induction fan. Can be made.

また、分解ガス通路に定常用誘引ファンを設けるうに構成すれば、前記非常停止時において、前記定常用誘引ファンによって熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを吸引して非常用ガス燃焼装置側に送り出せることになるので、上記特許文献1の技術のような、プラントの非常停止時に不活性ガスを押込みファンによって熱分解炉内及び周辺機器内に押し込み置換することに伴って、熱分解通路内の微小固形物が熱分解炉内及びその前後のシール部に詰まるということが無くなり、これによるシール不良及びこれに起因するガス漏れの発生を回避できる。 Furthermore, if I urchin configuration providing steady power induction fan to the pyrolysis gas passage, at the time of the emergency stop, the pyrolysis gas in the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace and the pyrolysis furnace by the induction fan for constant suction Therefore, as in the technique of Patent Document 1, the inert gas is pushed into the pyrolysis furnace and peripheral equipment by a pushing fan at the time of an emergency stop of the plant as in the technique of Patent Document 1 above. Along with this, the fine solid matter in the pyrolysis passage is not clogged in the pyrolysis furnace and the seal portions before and after the pyrolysis furnace, and it is possible to avoid the sealing failure and the occurrence of gas leakage due to this.

さらに、不活性ガス供給手段によって、熱分解炉の上流側から該熱分解炉内に不活性ガスを供給するように構成すれば熱分解炉の上流側から不活性ガスを注入して、熱分解炉内及び該熱分解炉の下流側の熱分解ガス通路全体を不活性ガスに置換することが可能となる。したがって、不活性ガスを熱分解ガスの通路全体に亘って万遍なく、かつ効率良く分布させることができ、結果的には不活性ガスの使用量が少なくて済む。 Further, the inert gas supply means, be configured to supply an inert gas from the upstream side of the pyrolysis furnace to the heat decomposition furnace, from the upstream side of the pyrolysis furnace by injecting an inert gas, thermal It is possible to replace the entire pyrolysis gas passage in the cracking furnace and on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace with an inert gas. Therefore, the inert gas can be distributed uniformly and efficiently over the entire path of the pyrolysis gas, and as a result, the amount of the inert gas used can be reduced.

そしてまた本発明において、非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する熱分解ガス通路を複数の並列通路に形成し、該並列通路のそれぞれに前記ガス遮断装置を設けるように構成すれば通常運転時に、熱分解ガス中のタール分等によって1つのガス遮断装置が開放できなくなった場合でも、これに代えて健全な側のガス遮断装置を開放して使用することができ、プラントの稼動効率を高く維持できる。 In the present invention, a pyrolysis gas passage located between the branch portion of the emergency gas extraction passage and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace is formed in a plurality of parallel passages, and the gas shut-off device is provided in each of the parallel passages. If configured to provide, during normal operation, even if one of the gas cutoff apparatus by tar, etc. of the pyrolysis gas can no longer be opened to use by opening the gas cutoff apparatus of the healthy side Alternatively And the operation efficiency of the plant can be maintained high.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[第1実施形態]
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る熱分解装置を備えた汚泥の炭化処理設備の要部系統図である。
図1で示される炭化処理設備において、脱水汚泥は、ケーキ定量フィーダ27から乾燥機20に導入されて、後述する乾燥機燃焼炉(熱分解ガス燃焼炉)25からの乾燥機循環ガスによって加熱、乾燥せしめられてから、乾燥汚泥定量フィーダ28及び乾燥汚泥搬送路30を通して熱分解炉100に導入されるようになっている。この熱分解炉100に関連して熱分解炉燃焼炉21が設置されており、該熱分解炉燃焼炉21においては、後述する乾燥機燃焼炉25からの乾燥機循環ガスと補助燃料とを燃焼用空気を用いて燃焼させることにより、1100℃程度の高温燃焼ガスが生成されている。
[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an essential part of a sludge carbonization facility equipped with a thermal decomposition apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In the carbonization treatment facility shown in FIG. 1, the dewatered sludge is introduced into the dryer 20 from the cake quantitative feeder 27 and heated by a dryer circulating gas from a dryer combustion furnace (pyrolysis gas combustion furnace) 25 described later. After being dried, it is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 100 through the dried sludge quantitative feeder 28 and the dried sludge conveyance path 30. A pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 is installed in association with the pyrolysis furnace 100, and the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 burns dryer circulating gas and auxiliary fuel from a dryer combustion furnace 25 described later. By burning using industrial air, a high-temperature combustion gas of about 1100 ° C. is generated.

上記熱分解炉100は、熱分解炉燃焼炉21で生成された1100℃程度の高温燃焼加熱ガスによって乾燥機20からの乾燥汚泥を加熱して熱分解させることにより、当該乾燥汚泥から炭化物を生成する炉である。この炭化物は、炭化物冷却コンベア23で搬送されながら降温され、加湿機24で加湿処理されてから図示しない炭化物ホッパーに収容されることになる。
また、熱分解炉100において、乾燥汚泥を炭化処理した後の熱分解炉ガス(排ガス)は、空気予熱器22で燃焼用空気を予熱してから、所要の浄化処理を施され、外気中に排出されている。
さらに、上記乾燥汚泥搬送路30の熱分解炉100の上流側部位には、当該熱分解炉100内に不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給手段10が設けられている。
The pyrolysis furnace 100 generates carbides from the dried sludge by heating and decomposing the dried sludge from the dryer 20 with a high-temperature combustion heating gas of about 1100 ° C. generated in the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21. It is a furnace. The carbide is cooled while being conveyed by the carbide cooling conveyor 23, and is humidified by the humidifier 24 and then stored in a carbide hopper (not shown).
In the pyrolysis furnace 100, the pyrolysis furnace gas (exhaust gas) after carbonizing the dried sludge is preheated with combustion air by the air preheater 22, and then subjected to a necessary purification process in the outside air. It has been discharged.
Further, an inert gas supply means 10 for supplying an inert gas into the pyrolysis furnace 100 is provided at a portion upstream of the pyrolysis furnace 100 in the dried sludge conveyance path 30.

上記乾燥機燃焼炉25には、熱分解炉100からの熱分解ガスが集塵機26及び熱分解ガス管(熱分解ガス通路)8を通して導入されており、該乾燥機燃焼炉25においては、補助燃料及び空気予熱器22で予熱され空気管31を通って導入された燃焼用空気を用いて熱分解ガスを燃焼させ、950℃程度の燃焼加熱ガスを生成している。この燃焼加熱ガスは、燃焼ガス管32を介して熱分解炉燃焼炉21及び乾燥機20に供給されるようになっている。
なお、上記乾燥機20において、ケーキ定量フィーダ27からの脱水汚泥を加熱、乾燥させた後の乾燥機循環ガスは、乾燥機汚泥集塵機29を通って循環路に入ることになる。
Pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis furnace 100 is introduced into the dryer combustion furnace 25 through a dust collector 26 and a pyrolysis gas pipe (pyrolysis gas passage) 8. In the dryer combustion furnace 25, auxiliary fuel is supplied. In addition, the pyrolysis gas is combusted using the combustion air preheated by the air preheater 22 and introduced through the air pipe 31, and a combustion heating gas of about 950 ° C. is generated. This combustion heating gas is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 21 and the dryer 20 through the combustion gas pipe 32.
In the dryer 20, the dryer circulating gas after the dehydrated sludge from the cake quantitative feeder 27 is heated and dried enters the circulation path through the dryer sludge dust collector 29.

上記熱分解ガス管8の管路途中には、定常用誘引ファン1が設けられており、プラントの定常運転時には、当該定常用誘引ファン1によって熱分解炉100側から熱分解ガスを吸引して乾燥機燃焼炉(熱分解ガス燃焼炉)25に送り込むようになっている。
また、熱分解ガス管8の定常用誘引ファン1の下流側には、乾燥機燃焼炉25の上流部位の熱分解ガス管8から分岐した(分岐部を符号7で示されている)非常用ガス抜出し管(非常用ガス抜出し通路)6が設けられており、この非常用ガス抜出し管6は、該非常用ガス抜出し管6を通して導入された抜出しガスを燃焼させる非常用ガス燃焼炉2に接続されている。
A stationary induction fan 1 is provided in the middle of the pyrolysis gas pipe 8. During steady operation of the plant, the stationary induction fan 1 sucks pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis furnace 100 side. It feeds into a dryer combustion furnace (pyrolytic gas combustion furnace) 25.
Further, an emergency use branching from the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 upstream of the dryer combustion furnace 25 (the branch portion is indicated by reference numeral 7) downstream of the stationary induction fan 1 of the pyrolysis gas pipe 8. A gas extraction pipe (emergency gas extraction passage) 6 is provided, and this emergency gas extraction pipe 6 is connected to an emergency gas combustion furnace 2 for burning the extracted gas introduced through the emergency gas extraction pipe 6. Has been.

そして、上記非常用ガス抜出し管6の管路途中には、分岐部7から下流側へ向かって順に、当該非常用ガス抜出し管6に入った抜出しガスを水封する水封タンク4と、熱分解ガス管8内の熱分解ガスを吸引して非常用ガス燃焼炉2に送り込む非常用誘引ファン3とが設けられている。
水封タンク4は、開閉手段としての機能を有しており、水を貯めた状態では、非常用ガス抜出し管6を閉じ、水を排出した状態では、非常用ガス抜出し管6を開放して非常用誘引ファン3及び非常用ガス燃焼炉2と連通するように構成されている。そのため、水封タンク4の底部には、貯留水を排出する排出管5と、該排出管5を開閉する開閉弁5aとが設けられている。
In the middle of the emergency gas extraction pipe 6, a water seal tank 4 for sealing the extracted gas that has entered the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 in order from the branching portion 7 to the downstream side, An emergency induction fan 3 that sucks the pyrolysis gas in the cracking gas pipe 8 and sends it to the emergency gas combustion furnace 2 is provided.
The water seal tank 4 has a function as an opening / closing means. When the water is stored, the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 is closed, and when the water is discharged, the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 is opened. The emergency induction fan 3 and the emergency gas combustion furnace 2 are configured to communicate with each other. Therefore, the bottom of the water-sealed tank 4 is provided with a discharge pipe 5 for discharging the stored water and an opening / closing valve 5a for opening and closing the discharge pipe 5.

一方、上記非常用ガス抜出し管6の分岐部7と上記乾燥機燃焼炉25との間に位置する熱分解ガス管8には、乾燥機燃焼炉25への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断する遮断ダンパ(ガス遮断装置)9が設けられている。   On the other hand, the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 located between the branch portion 7 of the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 and the dryer combustion furnace 25 has a shut-off that blocks the flow of pyrolysis gas to the dryer combustion furnace 25. A damper (gas shut-off device) 9 is provided.

このように構成された汚泥の炭化処理設備において、停電などで起こる熱分解装置の非常停止時には、通常運転時には閉じられている前記非常用ガス抜出し管6に設けられた水封タンク4の開閉弁5aを開き、水封タンク4内の貯留水を排出管5より排出させると、熱分解炉100内から熱分解ガス管8への熱分解ガス通路に残留している熱分解ガスが、非常用ガス抜出し管6に導入され、水封タンク4を通ってから非常用誘引ファン3に吸引され、非常用誘引ファン3から非常用ガス燃焼炉6に送り込まれて燃焼処理されることになる。   In the sludge carbonization equipment constructed as described above, when the thermal decomposition apparatus is stopped due to a power failure or the like, the on-off valve of the water-sealed tank 4 provided in the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 that is closed during normal operation is used. When the water 5a is opened and the water stored in the water-sealed tank 4 is discharged from the discharge pipe 5, the pyrolysis gas remaining in the pyrolysis gas passage from the pyrolysis furnace 100 to the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 is used for emergency. The gas is introduced into the gas extraction pipe 6, passes through the water-sealed tank 4, is sucked into the emergency induction fan 3, and is sent from the emergency induction fan 3 to the emergency gas combustion furnace 6 for combustion treatment.

以上、本発明の第1実施形態によれば、乾燥機燃焼炉(熱分解ガス燃焼炉)25の上流部位の熱分解ガス管8から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し管6、及び該非常用ガス抜出し管6から導入されて抜出された熱分解ガスを燃焼させる非常用ガス燃焼炉2を設けるとともに、非常用ガス抜出し管6の分岐部7と乾燥機燃焼炉25との間に位置する熱分解ガス管8には、乾燥機燃焼炉25への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断する遮断ダンパ9を設けたので、熱分解炉100の故障や停電等の非常停止時においては、非常停止と同時に遮断ダンパ9を作動させて乾燥機燃焼炉25への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断するとともに、熱分解ガス管8から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し管6を、開閉弁5の開弁による水封タンク4の開放で連通させて、熱分解炉100内及び該熱分解炉100に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを、非常用ガス抜出し管6を通して非常用ガス燃焼炉2に導入し、当該非常用ガス燃焼炉2で燃焼処理することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 branched from the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 upstream of the dryer combustion furnace (pyrolysis gas combustion furnace) 25 and the emergency gas are provided. An emergency gas combustion furnace 2 for burning the pyrolysis gas introduced and extracted from the extraction pipe 6 is provided, and the heat located between the branch portion 7 of the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 and the dryer combustion furnace 25 is provided. Since the cracking gas pipe 8 is provided with the shut-off damper 9 for shutting off the flow of the pyrolysis gas to the dryer combustion furnace 25, at the time of emergency stop such as failure of the pyrolysis furnace 100 or power failure, The shut-off damper 9 is operated to shut off the flow of the pyrolysis gas to the dryer combustion furnace 25, and the emergency gas outlet pipe 6 branched from the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 is sealed by opening the on-off valve 5. The tank 4 is opened to communicate with the inside of the pyrolysis furnace 100. Then, the pyrolysis gas in the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace 100 can be introduced into the emergency gas combustion furnace 2 through the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 and burned in the emergency gas combustion furnace 2.

したがって、この第1実施形態によれば、非常停止時において、熱分解炉100内及び該熱分解炉100に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを残存させることなく、かつ乾燥機燃焼炉25側へ漏洩させることなく、完全に非常用ガス抜出し管6に導入して非常用ガス燃焼炉2ですべて燃焼処理することができ、熱分解炉100内及び該熱分解炉100に通ずる通路への熱分解ガスの閉じ込め及びこれによるガス爆発誘起の可能性が皆無となり、非常停止時におけるプラント全体の安全性を確保して保持することができる。   Therefore, according to the first embodiment, during the emergency stop, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis furnace 100 and the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace 100 does not remain and leaks to the dryer combustion furnace 25 side. Without being carried out, the gas can be completely introduced into the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 and completely burned in the emergency gas combustion furnace 2, and the pyrolysis gas into the pyrolysis furnace 100 and to the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace 100 can be obtained. There is no possibility of confinement of gas and gas explosion induction by this, and the safety of the whole plant at the time of emergency stop can be secured and maintained.

また、本発明の第1実施形態では、非常用ガス抜出し管6に非常用誘引ファン3を設け、あるいは熱分解ガス管8に定常用誘引ファン1を設けることにより、上記非常停止時において、非常用誘引ファン3あるいは定常用誘引ファン1によって熱分解炉100内及び該熱分解炉100に通ずる通路内の熱分解ガスを吸引して非常用ガス燃焼炉2側に送り出すので、従来技術のような、プラントの非常停止時に不活性ガスを押込みファンによって熱分解炉内及び周辺機器内に押し込み置換するために、熱分解通路内の微小固形物が熱分解炉内及びその前後のシール部に詰まることによるシール不良及びこれに起因するガス漏れの発生を回避することができる。   In the first embodiment of the present invention, the emergency induction fan 3 is provided in the emergency gas extraction pipe 6, or the stationary induction fan 1 is provided in the pyrolysis gas pipe 8, so that the emergency As the conventional induction fan 3 or the stationary induction fan 1 sucks the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis furnace 100 and the passage leading to the pyrolysis furnace 100 and sends it to the emergency gas combustion furnace 2 side, as in the prior art In the emergency stop of the plant, the inert gas is pushed into the pyrolysis furnace and peripheral equipment by the push-in fan and replaced, so that fine solids in the pyrolysis passage are clogged in the pyrolysis furnace and the seals around it. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of poor sealing and gas leakage due to this.

しかも、上記不活性ガス供給手段10によって、熱分解炉100の上流側から該熱分解炉100内に不活性ガスを供給するように構成し、熱分解炉100の上流側から不活性ガスを注入して、熱分解炉100内及び該熱分解炉100の下流側の熱分解ガス管8内の全体を不活性ガスに置換しているので、不活性ガスを熱分解ガスの通路全体に亘って万遍なく、かつ効率良く分布させることができ、結果的には不活性ガスの使用量が少なくて済む。
また、非常用ガス抜出し管6の非常用誘引ファン3の上流部位に水封タンク4を設置して、非常用ガス抜出し管6を通った抜出しガスを、水封タンク4に通すようにしているので、熱分解ガス中のタール分等で水封タンク4が開放できなくなるということは起こらず、非常用誘引ファン3に効率的に吸入させることができる。
Moreover, the inert gas supply means 10 is configured to supply an inert gas into the pyrolysis furnace 100 from the upstream side of the pyrolysis furnace 100, and the inert gas is injected from the upstream side of the pyrolysis furnace 100. Since the entire pyrolysis furnace 100 and the pyrolysis gas pipe 8 on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace 100 are replaced with the inert gas, the inert gas is spread over the entire pyrolysis gas passage. It can be distributed uniformly and efficiently, and as a result, the amount of inert gas used is small.
Further, a water-sealed tank 4 is installed upstream of the emergency induction fan 3 of the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 so that the extracted gas passing through the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 is passed through the water-sealed tank 4. Therefore, it does not happen that the water-sealed tank 4 cannot be opened due to the tar content in the pyrolysis gas, and the emergency induction fan 3 can be efficiently inhaled.

[第2実施形態]
図2は本発明の第2実施形態に係る乾燥機燃焼炉近傍の要部系統図である。
この第2実施形態においては、非常用ガス抜出管6の分岐部7と乾燥機燃焼炉25との間に位置する熱分解ガス管8が複数の並列通路8a,8bに形成されており、該並列通路8a,8bのそれぞれには、遮断ダンパ(ガス遮断装置)9a,9bが設けられている。
かかる第2実施形態によれば、通常運転時に、熱分解ガス中のタール分等によって1つの遮断ダンパ(例えば9a)が開放できなくなった場合でも、これに代えて健全な側の遮断ダンパ(例えば9b)を開放して使用することが可能であり、プラントの稼動効率を高く維持できる。
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an essential part near the dryer combustion furnace according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, a pyrolysis gas pipe 8 positioned between the branch portion 7 of the emergency gas extraction pipe 6 and the dryer combustion furnace 25 is formed in the plurality of parallel passages 8a and 8b. In each of the parallel passages 8a and 8b, cutoff dampers (gas cutoff devices) 9a and 9b are provided.
According to the second embodiment, even when one shut-off damper (for example, 9a) cannot be opened due to tar or the like in the pyrolysis gas during normal operation, a healthy-side shut-off damper (for example, 9b) can be opened and used, and the operation efficiency of the plant can be maintained high.

以上、本発明の実施の形態につき述べたが、本発明は既述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて各種の変形及び変更が可能である。   While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.

本発明の第1実施形態に係る熱分解装置を備えた汚泥の炭化処理設備を示す要部系統図である。FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a principal part showing the sludge carbonization equipment equipped with the thermal decomposition apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第2実施形態に係る乾燥機燃焼炉近傍を示す要部系統図である。It is a principal part systematic diagram which shows the dryer combustion furnace vicinity which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 従来技術に係る炭化処理設備を示す要部系統図である。It is a principal part systematic diagram which shows the carbonization processing equipment which concerns on a prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 定常用誘引ファン
2 非常用ガス燃焼炉
3 非常用誘引ファン
4 水封タンク
5 排出管
5a 開閉弁
6 非常用ガス抜出し管
7 分岐部
8 熱分解ガス管
8a,8b 並列通路
9,9a,9b 遮断ダンパ(ガス遮断装置)
10 不活性ガス供給手段
20 乾燥機
21 熱分解炉燃焼炉
25 乾燥機燃焼炉(熱分解ガス燃焼炉)
100 熱分解炉
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stationary induction fan 2 Emergency gas combustion furnace 3 Emergency induction fan 4 Water seal tank 5 Discharge pipe 5a On-off valve 6 Emergency gas extraction pipe 7 Branch part 8 Pyrolysis gas pipe 8a, 8b Parallel passage 9, 9a, 9b Shut-off damper (gas shut-off device)
10 Inert gas supply means 20 Dryer 21 Pyrolysis furnace combustion furnace 25 Dryer combustion furnace (pyrolysis gas combustion furnace)
100 pyrolysis furnace

Claims (4)

脱水汚泥を含む被処理物を熱分解炉に導入し、該熱分解炉において前記被処理物を加熱ガスにより加熱して熱分解させ、前記熱分解炉から排出される熱分解ガスを熱分解ガス通路を通して熱分解ガス燃焼炉に導入するように構成された熱分解装置において、
前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉の上流部位の前記熱分解ガス通路から分岐された非常用ガス抜出し通路設けられているとともに、該非常用ガス抜出し通路に導入された抜出しガスを燃焼させる非常用ガス燃焼装置設けられ、さらに前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する前記熱分解ガス通路に、前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉への熱分解ガスの流通を遮断するガス遮断装置設けられ、
前記非常用ガス抜出し通路には、前記熱分解ガス通路のガスを吸引して前記非常用ガス燃焼装置に送り込む非常用誘引ファンが設けられ、
前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の前記非常用誘引ファンの上流部位には、前記非常用ガス抜出し通路を通った前記抜出しガスを水封する水封タンクが設置され、前記抜出しガスは、前記水封タンクを通ってから前記非常用誘引ファンに吸入させられるように構成されていることを特徴とする熱分解装置。
An object to be treated including dehydrated sludge is introduced into a pyrolysis furnace, and the object to be treated is thermally decomposed by heating gas in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace is pyrolyzed gas. In a pyrolysis apparatus configured to be introduced into a pyrolysis gas combustion furnace through a passageway,
Emergency gas fired burning the extracted gas is introduced into the pyrolysis gas extraction emergency gas is branched from the passage Rutotomoni have are provided passages, the non-conventional gas extraction passage upstream portion of the pyrolysis gas fired furnace device is provided, further wherein the pyrolysis gas passage located between the emergency gas extraction and the branch portion of the passage and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace, blocking the flow of pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas fired furnace A gas shut-off device is provided ,
The emergency gas extraction passage is provided with an emergency induction fan that sucks the gas in the pyrolysis gas passage and sends it to the emergency gas combustion device,
A water seal tank that seals the extracted gas that has passed through the emergency gas extraction passage is installed upstream of the emergency induction fan in the emergency gas extraction passage. A thermal decomposition apparatus configured to be sucked into the emergency invitation fan after passing through .
前記熱分解ガス通路には、前記熱分解ガス通路のガスを吸引して前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉に送り込む定常用誘引ファンが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱分解装置。 Wherein the pyrolysis gas passage, the thermal decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the constant for induction fan for feeding the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace by sucking the gas in the pyrolysis gas passage is provided . 前記熱分解炉の上流側には、該熱分解炉内に不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給手段が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の熱分解装置。 The pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inert gas supply means for supplying an inert gas into the pyrolysis furnace is provided upstream of the pyrolysis furnace . 前記非常用ガス抜出し通路の分岐部と前記熱分解ガス燃焼炉との間に位置する熱分解ガス通路は、複数の並列通路に形成され、該並列通路のそれぞれには、前記ガス遮断装置が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の熱分解装置。 A pyrolysis gas passage located between the branch portion of the emergency gas extraction passage and the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace is formed in a plurality of parallel passages, and each of the parallel passages is provided with the gas shut-off device. The thermal decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal decomposition apparatus is provided.
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