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JP5136828B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents
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JP5136828B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

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JP5136828B2
JP5136828B2 JP2007146599A JP2007146599A JP5136828B2 JP 5136828 B2 JP5136828 B2 JP 5136828B2 JP 2007146599 A JP2007146599 A JP 2007146599A JP 2007146599 A JP2007146599 A JP 2007146599A JP 5136828 B2 JP5136828 B2 JP 5136828B2
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cell
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odd
jig
cells
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JP2008300266A (en
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安起良 志水
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Description

本発明は、複数段のセルを順に重ねてなるスタック本体を有する燃料電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a fuel cell having a stack body in which a plurality of cells are sequentially stacked.

近年、燃料ガスと酸化ガスとの電気化学反応によって発電する燃料電池をエネルギ源とした燃料電池自動車等が注目されている。
このような燃料電池は、通常、燃料ガスと酸化ガスとの電気化学反応によって発電するセルを所要数積層したスタック本体を備えた構成とされている。
この種の燃料電池として、傾き補正手段を設け、この傾き補正手段によって厚さ方向、傾斜角度及び傾斜方向を調整して各セルの面圧を均等に分布させるものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
特開2005−166386号公報
In recent years, a fuel cell vehicle using a fuel cell that generates power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas as an energy source has attracted attention.
Such a fuel cell is usually configured to include a stack body in which a required number of cells that generate power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas are stacked.
As this type of fuel cell, there is a fuel cell provided with an inclination correcting unit, and the thickness direction, the inclination angle and the inclination direction are adjusted by the inclination correcting unit to uniformly distribute the surface pressure of each cell (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
JP 2005-166386 A

ところで、スタック本体は、自動積層によって各セルを積み上げることにより組み立てられるが、各セルの厚みのばらつき等によって積層時に歪みが生じることがある。
また、前述の傾き補正手段は、各セルを積層させた後に、厚さ方向、傾斜角度及び傾斜方向を調整するものであるので、自動積層によって各セルを積層させてスタック本体を組み立てる際の歪みを抑制することができない。
By the way, the stack body is assembled by stacking each cell by automatic stacking, but distortion may occur during stacking due to variations in the thickness of each cell.
In addition, since the above-described tilt correction means adjusts the thickness direction, the tilt angle, and the tilt direction after stacking the cells, the distortion when assembling the stack body by stacking the cells by automatic stacking. Can not be suppressed.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、歪みを抑制しつつ複数のセルを自動積層することが可能な燃料電池を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel cell capable of automatically stacking a plurality of cells while suppressing distortion.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の燃料電池は、複数段のセルを順に重ねてなるスタック本体を有する燃料電池であって、前記セルには、互いに積層させる際に被積層側のセルを積層方向に押さえて保持するための治具が配置される切欠部が、奇数段と偶数段とで異なる位置に形成されている In order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell according to the present invention is a fuel cell having a stack body in which a plurality of cells are stacked in order. Cutouts in which jigs for holding in the stacking direction are arranged are formed at different positions in odd and even stages

この構成によれば、複数のセルを互いに積層させる際に被積層側のセルを保持する治具が配置される切欠部をセルに形成したので、治具をセルに干渉させることなくセル同士を積層させることができる。これにより、治具を用いたセルの自動積層が可能となり、歪みなくセルが積層されたスタック本体を備えた燃料電池を得ることができる。   According to this configuration, when the plurality of cells are stacked on each other, the notch portion in which the jig for holding the stacked cell is disposed is formed in the cell, so the cells can be connected to each other without causing the jig to interfere with the cell. Can be laminated. Thus, automatic stacking of cells using a jig is possible, and a fuel cell including a stack body in which cells are stacked without distortion can be obtained.

また、前記治具には、前記セルとの当接箇所に弾性部材が設けられていても良い。
この構成によれば、セルとの当接箇所に弾性部材を設けたので、セルを押さえる際の滑りを抑制することができるとともに、セルの表面における損傷の発生を抑制することができる。
Moreover, the jig | tool may be provided with the elastic member in the contact location with the said cell.
According to this configuration, since the elastic member is provided at the contact point with the cell, it is possible to suppress slipping when pressing the cell and to suppress occurrence of damage on the surface of the cell.

また、前記弾性部材は、ゴムから形成されていても良い。   The elastic member may be formed from rubber.

本発明の燃料電池によれば、歪みを抑制しつつ複数のセルを自動積層することができる。   According to the fuel cell of the present invention, it is possible to automatically stack a plurality of cells while suppressing distortion.

次に、本発明に係る燃料電池の実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。
実施形態に係る燃料電池は、固体高分子型のもので、図1に示すように、基本単位であるセル2が複数積層されたスタック本体3と、スタック本体3を支持するフレーム5とを備えている。セル2の積層方向に沿うスタック本体3の一端には、ターミナルプレート7が配置され、その外側に絶縁プレート8が配置されている。さらにその外側には、フレーム5を構成するエンドプレート9aが配置されている。
Next, an embodiment of a fuel cell according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The fuel cell according to the embodiment is of a solid polymer type, and includes a stack body 3 in which a plurality of cells 2 as basic units are stacked, and a frame 5 that supports the stack body 3 as shown in FIG. ing. A terminal plate 7 is disposed at one end of the stack body 3 along the stacking direction of the cells 2, and an insulating plate 8 is disposed outside the terminal plate 7. Further, an end plate 9a constituting the frame 5 is arranged on the outer side.

また、スタック本体3の他端には、ターミナルプレート7が配置され、その外側に絶縁プレート8が配置され、さらにその外側にはプレッシャプレート13が配置されている。各ターミナルプレート7には、出力端子6が設けられている。プレッシャプレート13の外側には、フレーム5を構成するエンドプレート9bが、プレッシャプレート13から離間して配置されており、プレッシャプレート13とエンドプレート9bとの間には、バネ部材14が介装されている。   A terminal plate 7 is disposed at the other end of the stack body 3, an insulating plate 8 is disposed outside the stack plate 3, and a pressure plate 13 is disposed outside the terminal plate 7. Each terminal plate 7 is provided with an output terminal 6. An end plate 9b constituting the frame 5 is disposed outside the pressure plate 13 so as to be separated from the pressure plate 13, and a spring member 14 is interposed between the pressure plate 13 and the end plate 9b. ing.

スタック本体3の両側に配置された2枚のエンドプレート9a,9bの間には、セル2の積層方向に沿って複数のテンションプレート11が架設されている。各テンションプレート11は、両方の端部を各エンドプレート9a,9bにボルト12によってそれぞれ固定されており、2枚のエンドプレート9a,9bとともにフレーム5を構成している。   Between the two end plates 9 a and 9 b arranged on both sides of the stack body 3, a plurality of tension plates 11 are installed along the stacking direction of the cells 2. Each tension plate 11 is fixed to the end plates 9a and 9b by bolts 12 at both ends, and constitutes the frame 5 together with the two end plates 9a and 9b.

図2に示すように、セル2は、固体高分子材料のイオン交換膜からなる電解質膜を一対の電極である触媒層及び拡散層で挟んだMEA(Membrane−Electrode Assembly:膜−電極接合体)15と、MEA15を挟む一対のセパレータ16とを備えており、セパレータ16の両端近傍には、酸化ガス(通常は空気)を供給するための酸化ガス流路、水素ガスを供給するための水素ガス流路及び冷媒(通常は水)を流通させるための冷媒流路となるマニホールド17が形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the cell 2 has an MEA (membrane-electrode assembly) in which an electrolyte membrane made of an ion exchange membrane made of a solid polymer material is sandwiched between a catalyst layer and a diffusion layer as a pair of electrodes. 15 and a pair of separators 16 sandwiching the MEA 15. In the vicinity of both ends of the separator 16, an oxidizing gas passage for supplying an oxidizing gas (usually air), a hydrogen gas for supplying hydrogen gas. A manifold 17 serving as a refrigerant flow path for flowing the flow path and the refrigerant (usually water) is formed.

ここで、スタック本体3を構成する複数のセル2は、奇数段用セル2Aと偶数段用セル2Bとを有している。
奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bには、それぞれ平面視にて対角における両側部に切欠部21A,21Bが形成されており、これら切欠部21A,21Bは、奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bにて、両側部における反対側に形成されている。これにより、これら奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bを重ねた際に、互いの切欠部21A,21Bが積層方向にて重ならないようになっている。
Here, the plurality of cells 2 constituting the stack body 3 have odd-numbered cells 2A and even-numbered cells 2B.
The odd-numbered cell 2A and the even-numbered cell 2B have cutouts 21A and 21B formed on opposite sides in a plan view, respectively. The cutouts 21A and 21B are formed of the odd-numbered cell 2A and the odd-staged cell 2A. In the even-numbered cell 2B, it is formed on the opposite side of both sides. As a result, when these odd-numbered stage cells 2A and even-numbered stage cells 2B are stacked, the cutout portions 21A and 21B do not overlap in the stacking direction.

次に、上記の奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bによってスタック本体3を組み立てる場合について説明する。
図3に示すものは、スタック本体3を組み立てる際に用いる治具である。図3に示すように、この治具31は、上端にて側方へ屈曲した係止部32aを有する金属製のアーム32と、このアーム32の係止部32aにおける下面に取り付けられた弾性部材33とを備えている。弾性部材33は、例えば、ゴム等の弾性を有する合成樹脂から形成されたものである。
Next, a case where the stack body 3 is assembled by the odd-numbered cell 2A and the even-numbered cell 2B will be described.
What is shown in FIG. 3 is a jig used when assembling the stack body 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the jig 31 includes a metal arm 32 having a locking portion 32a bent sideways at the upper end, and an elastic member attached to the lower surface of the locking portion 32a of the arm 32. 33. The elastic member 33 is made of a synthetic resin having elasticity such as rubber, for example.

そして、スタック本体3を組み立てる場合は、上記の治具31を用いて奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bを自動積層する。以下、自動積層について説明する。
図4は奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bの自動積層の手順を説明する図である。
When the stack body 3 is assembled, the odd-numbered stage cells 2A and the even-numbered stage cells 2B are automatically stacked using the jig 31 described above. Hereinafter, automatic lamination will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the procedure of automatic stacking of the odd-numbered cell 2A and the even-numbered cell 2B.

図4(a)に示すように、まず、1段目として奇数段用セル2Aを所定の設置個所に配置させ、この奇数段用セル2Aの両側部を治具31によって係止して保持する。
具体的には、奇数段用セル2Aの側方から治具31を近接させ、この治具31の係止部32aを奇数段用セル2Aの上面に配置させ、その後、治具31を下降させる。このようにすると、治具31の係止部32aに設けられた弾性部材33が奇数段用セル2Aの表面に当接し、これにより、奇数段用セル2Aが保持される。
As shown in FIG. 4A, first, the odd-numbered cell 2A is arranged as a first stage at a predetermined installation location, and both sides of the odd-numbered cell 2A are locked and held by the jig 31. .
Specifically, the jig 31 is brought close to the side of the odd-numbered cell 2A, the locking portion 32a of the jig 31 is arranged on the upper surface of the odd-numbered cell 2A, and then the jig 31 is lowered. . If it does in this way, the elastic member 33 provided in the latching | locking part 32a of the jig | tool 31 will contact | abut the surface of the odd-numbered cell 2A, and, thereby, the odd-numbered cell 2A is hold | maintained.

ここで、この治具31による係止位置は、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21Bの形成位置とする。
上記のように、奇数段用セル2Aを保持したら、この奇数段用セル2Aの上面に、2段目として偶数段用セル2Bを載置させる。このとき、治具31による奇数段用セル2Aの係止位置が、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21Bの形成位置とされているので、奇数段用セル2Aを保持している治具31が、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21B内に配置される。言い換えると、偶数段用セル2Bには、積層させる際に、被積層側の奇数段用セル2Aを保持する治具31が配置される切欠部21Bが形成されている。したがって、偶数段用セル2Bは治具31に干渉することなく、奇数段用セル2A上に載置される。
Here, the locking position by the jig 31 is the formation position of the notch 21B of the even-numbered-stage cell 2B.
As described above, when the odd-numbered cell 2A is held, the even-numbered cell 2B is placed on the upper surface of the odd-numbered cell 2A as the second stage. At this time, since the locking position of the odd-numbered cell 2A by the jig 31 is the formation position of the notch 21B of the even-numbered cell 2B, the jig 31 holding the odd-numbered cell 2A is Are arranged in the notch 21B of the even-numbered cell 2B. In other words, the even-numbered cell 2B is formed with a notch 21B in which a jig 31 for holding the odd-numbered cell 2A on the stacked side is disposed when the cells are stacked. Therefore, the even-numbered cell 2B is placed on the odd-numbered cell 2A without interfering with the jig 31.

偶数段用セル2Bを奇数段用セル2Aの上部に配置させたら、図4(b)に示すように、この偶数段用セル2Bの両側部を治具31によって係止して保持する。
具体的には、偶数段用セル2Bの側方から治具31を近接させ、この治具31の係止部32aを偶数段用セル2Bの上面に配置させ、その後、治具31を下降させる。このようにすると、治具31の係止部32aに設けられた弾性部材33が偶数段用セル2Bの表面に当接し、これにより、偶数段用セル2Bが保持される。
ここで、この治具31による係止位置は、奇数段用セル2Aの切欠部21Aの形成位置とする。
When the even-numbered cell 2B is arranged above the odd-numbered cell 2A, both side portions of the even-numbered cell 2B are locked and held by the jig 31 as shown in FIG.
Specifically, the jig 31 is brought close to the side of the even-numbered cell 2B, the locking portion 32a of the jig 31 is arranged on the upper surface of the even-numbered cell 2B, and then the jig 31 is lowered. . If it does in this way, the elastic member 33 provided in the latching | locking part 32a of the jig | tool 31 will contact | abut the surface of the cell 2B for even stages, and, thereby, the cell 2B for even stages is hold | maintained.
Here, the locking position by the jig 31 is the formation position of the notch 21A of the odd-numbered cell 2A.

上記のように、偶数段用セル2Bを保持したら、この偶数段用セル2Bの上面に、3段目として奇数段用セル2Aを載置させる。このとき、治具31による偶数段用セル2Bの係止位置が、奇数段用セル2Aの切欠部21Aの形成位置とされているので、偶数段用セル2Bを保持している治具31が、奇数段用セル2Aの切欠部21A内に配置される。言い換えると、奇数段用セル2Aには、積層させる際に、被積層側の偶数段用セル2Bを保持する治具31が配置される切欠部21Aが形成されている。したがって、奇数段用セル2Aは治具31に干渉することなく、偶数段用セル2B上に載置される。   As described above, when the even-numbered cell 2B is held, the odd-numbered cell 2A is placed on the upper surface of the even-numbered cell 2B as the third level. At this time, since the locking position of the even-numbered cell 2B by the jig 31 is the formation position of the notch 21A of the odd-numbered cell 2A, the jig 31 holding the even-numbered cell 2B is The odd-numbered cells 2A are arranged in the notches 21A. In other words, the odd-numbered cell 2A is formed with a notch 21A in which a jig 31 for holding the even-numbered cell 2B on the stacked side is disposed when the cells are stacked. Therefore, the odd-numbered cell 2A is placed on the even-numbered cell 2B without interfering with the jig 31.

奇数段用セル2Aを偶数段用セル2Bの上部に配置させたら、1段目の奇数段用セル2Aを保持していた治具31を僅かに上昇させて弾性部材33による押圧を解除した状態にて側方へ移動させ、この治具31を一旦上昇させてから3段目の奇数段用セル2Aの側方から近接させ、この治具31の係止部32aを3段目の奇数段用セル2Aの上面に配置させ、その後、治具31を下降させ、図4(c)に示すように、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21Bの形成位置にて、治具31の係止部32aの弾性部材33を奇数段用セル2Aの表面に当接させて奇数段用セル2Aを保持させる。   When the odd-numbered cell 2A is arranged above the even-numbered cell 2B, the jig 31 holding the odd-numbered cell 2A for the first stage is slightly raised to release the pressing by the elastic member 33. , The jig 31 is once raised and then moved closer to the side of the third odd-numbered cell 2A, and the locking portion 32a of the jig 31 is moved to the third odd-numbered odd-numbered stage. The jig 31 is lowered on the upper surface of the working cell 2A, and then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the locking portion of the jig 31 is formed at the formation position of the notch 21B of the even-numbered cell 2B. The elastic member 33 of 32a is brought into contact with the surface of the odd-numbered cell 2A to hold the odd-numbered cell 2A.

上記のように、3段目の奇数段用セル2Aを保持したら、この奇数段用セル2Aの上面に4段目の偶数段用セル2Bを載置させる。このとき、治具31による奇数段用セル2Aの係止位置が、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21Bの形成位置とされているので、奇数段用セル2Aを保持している治具31が、偶数段用セル2Bの切欠部21B内に配置され、偶数段用セル2Bが治具31に干渉することなく、奇数段用セル2A上に載置される。   As described above, when the third odd-numbered cell 2A is held, the fourth even-numbered cell 2B is placed on the upper surface of the odd-numbered cell 2A. At this time, since the locking position of the odd-numbered cell 2A by the jig 31 is the formation position of the notch 21B of the even-numbered cell 2B, the jig 31 holding the odd-numbered cell 2A is The even-numbered cell 2B is placed on the odd-numbered cell 2A without interfering with the jig 31.

5段目以降も上記手順にて奇数段用セル2A及び偶数段用セル2Bを順に積層させて、図5に示すように、所定枚数のセル2を、歪みを抑制しつつ積層させることにより、スタック本体3が完成される。   By stacking the odd-numbered stage cells 2A and the even-numbered stage cells 2B in this order also in the fifth and subsequent steps, and stacking a predetermined number of cells 2 while suppressing distortion, as shown in FIG. The stack body 3 is completed.

このように、上記実施形態に係る燃料電池によれば、互いに積層させる際に下段のセル2を保持する治具31が配置される切欠部21A,21Bを、奇数段用セル2Aと偶数段用セル2Bとで異なる位置に形成したので、治具31をセル2に干渉させることなくセル2同士を積層させることができ、治具31を用いたセル2の自動積層が可能となる。
これにより、図6に示すように、セル2の厚みのばらつき等によって生じる積層状態の歪みを抑制しつつ、各セル2を積層させてスタック本体3を組み立てることができ、歪みなくセル2が積層されたスタック本体3を備えた信頼性の高い燃料電池1を得ることができる。
As described above, according to the fuel cell according to the above embodiment, the notches 21A and 21B in which the jigs 31 for holding the lower cells 2 are arranged when stacked on each other are provided with the odd-numbered cells 2A and the even-numbered cells. Since the cells 2B are formed at different positions, the cells 2 can be stacked without causing the jigs 31 to interfere with the cells 2, and the cells 2 can be automatically stacked using the jigs 31.
Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6, the stack body 3 can be assembled by stacking the cells 2 while suppressing the distortion of the stacking state caused by the variation in the thickness of the cells 2, and the cells 2 can be stacked without strain. Thus, a highly reliable fuel cell 1 including the stacked body 3 can be obtained.

また、治具31のセル2との当接箇所に、ゴムからなる弾性部材33を設けたので、セル2を押さえる際の滑りを抑制することができるとともに、セル2の表面における損傷の発生を抑制することができる。   In addition, since the elastic member 33 made of rubber is provided at the place where the jig 31 is in contact with the cell 2, it is possible to suppress slippage when the cell 2 is pressed and to generate damage on the surface of the cell 2. Can be suppressed.

燃料電池の構造を説明する概略側面図である。It is a schematic side view explaining the structure of a fuel cell. 実施形態に係るセルの形状を説明する奇数段用セル及び偶数段用セルの平面図である。It is a top view of the cell for odd stages and the cell for even stages explaining the shape of the cell which concerns on embodiment. セルを積層してスタック本体を組み立てる際に用いる治具の側面図である。It is a side view of the jig | tool used when laminating | stacking a cell and assembling a stack main body. (a)〜(c)は、それぞれセルの積層手順を示す斜視図である。(A)-(c) is a perspective view which shows the lamination | stacking procedure of a cell, respectively. セルの積層状態を示すスタック本体の概略側面図である。It is a schematic side view of the stack body showing a stacked state of cells. 積層状態に歪みを生じたスタック本体の概略側面図である。It is a schematic side view of the stack main body which produced distortion in the lamination | stacking state.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…燃料電池、2…セル、2A…奇数段用セル、2B…偶数段用セル、3…スタック本体、21A,21B…切欠部、31…治具、33…弾性部材。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel cell, 2 ... Cell, 2A ... Odd stage cell, 2B ... Even stage cell, 3 ... Stack main body, 21A, 21B ... Notch part, 31 ... Jig, 33 ... Elastic member.

Claims (3)

複数段のセルを順に重ねてなるスタック本体を有する燃料電池であって、
前記セルには、互いに積層させる際に被積層側のセルを積層方向に押さえて保持するための治具が配置される切欠部が、奇数段と偶数段とで異なる位置に形成されている燃料電池。
A fuel cell having a stack body in which a plurality of cells are sequentially stacked,
The fuel in which the notch part in which the jig for pressing and holding the cell at the side of a lamination in the laminating direction is arranged in the cell when laminating mutually is formed in the odd-numbered stage and the even-numbered stage is different in the cell battery.
前記治具には、前記セルとの当接箇所に弾性部材が設けられている請求項1に記載の燃料電池。   The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the jig is provided with an elastic member at a contact portion with the cell. 前記弾性部材は、ゴムから形成されている請求項2に記載の燃料電池。   The fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member is made of rubber.
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