JP5161127B2 - Opening and closing device for opening and closing body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening / closing device for an opening / closing body, and more particularly, to a vehicle and a door of a building.

  Conventionally, a door checker is provided at the base end portion of a side door of a vehicle so that the door can be held at a predetermined opening position. Such door checkers include a piston damper such as an air cylinder for the purpose of smoothing the door opening / closing feeling and reducing the load applied to the door mounting portion (for example, Patent Documents). 1 and Patent Document 2). Further, there is a damper using a magnetorheological fluid damper as a damper and changing a damping force according to a door position and a door speed (for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 2006-274668 A JP 2005-88714 A Japanese Patent No. 3330680

  However, the conventional door checker and damper act as a buffer in the entire range of the door opening and closing range, reduce the impact when the door fits into the entrance / exit (opening), It is not intended to prevent the object from being caught between. In the invention described in Patent Document 3, even if there is a possibility that the objective can be achieved by appropriately changing the damping force of the damper, a special damper is used, so that the configuration of the apparatus is complicated and the manufacturing cost is increased. There is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing device for an opening / closing body that can reduce the impact of the opening / closing body on the opening during the closing operation.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first invention of the present invention performs at least one of assisting the opening operation and buffering the closing operation of the opening / closing body (side door 102) provided in the opening (the entrance / exit 101). An opening / closing device (1) for an opening / closing body, wherein the opening / closing body is provided on one of a peripheral edge of the opening and the opening / closing body, and when the opening / closing body is close to a fully closed position, the peripheral edge of the opening and the opening / closing A contact member (arm) that is displaceable between a protruding position that contacts the other of the body and an immersion position that does not interfere with the peripheral edge of the opening and the other of the opening and closing body when the opening and closing body is in the fully closed position 11), a drive mechanism (motor 12 and transmission mechanism 13) for displacing the contact member to the protruding position, and an opening / closing body position detecting means (door position detector) for detecting an opening / closing position of the opening / closing body with respect to the opening. 3) and the above Based on the opening and closing positions closed field position detecting means detects, characterized in that a control unit (ECU 4) for driving and controlling the drive mechanism.

  The second invention is characterized in that in the first invention, there is provided a buffer means (damper 14) for buffering the displacement of the contact member.

  According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, the drive mechanism has a motor (12) or a solenoid.

  In a fourth aspect based on any one of the first to third aspects, the control unit calculates a displacement speed of the opening / closing body relative to the opening based on an opening / closing position change amount of the opening / closing body in a predetermined time, The drive mechanism is driven and controlled based on at least one of a displacement speed and the opening / closing position.

  5th invention is based on 4th invention, The said control part determines with the said opening-closing body closing operation based on the said displacement speed, and the said opening-closing body is set to the said opening part based on the said opening-closing position. The drive mechanism is driven and controlled to project the abutting member when it is determined that the contact is close to a predetermined value or less.

  According to a sixth aspect based on the fourth or fifth aspect, when the control unit determines that the opening / closing body is displaced from the fully closed position in the opening direction based on the open / close position, the contact member protrudes. In order to achieve this, the drive mechanism is driven and controlled.

  In a seventh invention according to any one of the fourth to sixth inventions, the control unit determines a protrusion amount of the contact member based on the displacement speed, and the contact member has a predetermined protrusion amount. The drive mechanism is controlled as described above.

  An eighth invention according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, further comprises contact member position detecting means (arm position detector 15) for detecting a displacement position of the contact member, wherein the control unit The drive mechanism is driven and controlled based on the displacement position of the contact member.

  A ninth invention according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, further comprises a human sensor (315) for detecting a person existing between the opening and the opening / closing body, The drive mechanism is driven and controlled based on a signal from a human sensor.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, the contact member is swingably supported by one of the peripheral edge of the opening and the opening / closing body.

  In an eleventh aspect based on the tenth aspect, as the abutting member changes from the immersive position to the protruding position, the contact portion between the peripheral edge of the opening and the other of the opening / closing body is located on the swing center side. An intermediate portion between the swing center and the swing end protrudes to the peripheral portion of the opening and the other side of the opening / closing body so as to change from the swing end to the swing end side.

  In a twelfth aspect of the invention according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects of the invention, the opening / closing body is a side door supported at the base end so as to be swingable at a base end, and the contact member is the side door. It is provided at the free end (rear side end face 104b).

  In a thirteenth aspect based on any one of the third to twelfth aspects, the buffer means utilizes a driving force of the motor.

  In a fourteenth aspect based on any one of the third to thirteenth aspects, the buffer means utilizes a cogging torque of the motor.

  In a fifteenth aspect based on any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, the opening / closing body position detecting means is an infrared sensor (314).

  In a sixteenth aspect based on the fifteenth aspect, the contact member and the infrared sensor are provided in a single casing (310).

  According to the first invention, when the opening / closing body is closed, the contact member provided on the peripheral edge of the opening or one of the opening / closing bodies is in contact (collision) with the peripheral edge of the opening or the other of the opening / closing body. By doing so, the collision between the opening / closing body and the peripheral edge of the opening can be buffered. Further, when the person opens the opening / closing body, the contact member is protruded, so that the opening / closing body can be pushed out from the opening portion to assist (assist) the opening operation. According to the second invention, the buffering action by the contact member can be improved. According to the third aspect of the invention, by applying a general driving force generating device to the driving source of the contact member, it is possible to simplify the device configuration and reduce the manufacturing cost. According to the fourth invention, the contact member can be protruded according to the open / close position and open / close speed of the open / close body. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the opening / closing body is closed, the contact member is initially stored in the immersive position, and when the opening / closing body and the peripheral edge of the opening are close to each other, the protrusion is protruded to the protruding position. it can. This prevents the contact member from coming into contact with a person or the like when the opening / closing body is opened. According to the sixth invention, when a person or the like opens the opening / closing body from the fully closed position, the abutting member protrudes and pushes the opening / closing body out of the opening, thereby assisting the opening operation. According to the seventh invention, the degree of the buffering action can be adjusted based on the closing speed of the opening / closing body. Further, when the closing speed of the opening / closing body is sufficiently small and the buffering action is not necessary, the buffering action can be prevented from being generated by not displacing the contact member. According to the eighth aspect, the displacement amount of the contact member can be accurately controlled. According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to prevent a person from being caught. According to the tenth aspect, the degree of freedom in the contact direction between the contact member and the peripheral edge of the opening or the opening / closing body can be increased. According to the eleventh aspect, when the contact member is displaced from the retracted position to the projecting position, the force applied to the opening / closing body or the peripheral edge of the opening in the initial stage of the displacement is greater than the force applied to the final stage of the displacement. can do. According to the twelfth aspect, since the force applied to the contact member can be reduced by the lever principle, the apparatus can be reduced in size and rigidity. According to the thirteenth and fourteenth aspects, the abutting member can be buffered without using an additional device. According to the fifteenth aspect, the apparatus can be reduced in size. According to the sixteenth aspect, the opening / closing device for the opening / closing body can be configured as a single module, so that the number of parts can be reduced and the mounting can be facilitated.

It is a perspective view which shows the side door to which the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment was applied. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected by the II-II line | wire of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the damper apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the damper apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the damper apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the door position detection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control point of ECU which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the slide door to which the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment was applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the door for residences which applied the switchgear concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the switchgear concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control point of the microcomputer which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a side door of an automobile will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a side door to which the opening / closing device according to the first embodiment is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the opening / closing device (active cushion unit) 1 is provided at a side door (opening / closing body) 102 provided at an entrance (opening) 101 to a front right seat of the vehicle body 100.

  The side door 102 includes an outer panel 103 that forms the vehicle body outer side portion of the side door 102, an inner panel 104 that forms a skeleton portion of the side door 102, and a door lining (door trim) 105 that forms a compartment side wall of the side door 102. I have. The outer panel 103 and the inner panel 104 are coupled to each other at the outer peripheral edge by hemming.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and shows the door lining 105 omitted. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner panel 104 protrudes from the coupling portion with the outer panel 103 toward the vehicle interior side to form a space between the inner panel 104 and the front side end surface 104 a and the rear side end surface of the side door 102. 104b is formed. A hole 108 into which a striker (not shown) provided in a center pillar (B pillar) 107 is fitted in the rear end face 104b to lock the side door 102 in the closed position, and a damper device of the opening / closing device 1 described later. And an opening 109 for exposing 2.

  The side door 102 is swingably attached to a front pillar (A pillar) 110 of the vehicle body 100 via a door hinge 106 (see FIG. 2) provided on the front side end face 104a of the side door 102. Further, a door checker 111 is interposed between the front side end face 104 a and the front pillar 110. The door checker 111 holds the side door 102 at a predetermined opening / closing position, and biases the side door 102 in the closing direction when the side door 102 is in the vicinity of the fully closed position.

  The opening / closing device 1 includes a damper device 2, a door position detector (opening / closing body position detecting means) 3, and an ECU (control unit) 4 used for controlling the damper device 2 as main components. The damper device 2 is interposed between the outer panel 103 and the inner panel 104 and attached to the inner panel 104. The door position detector 3 is attached to the front pillar 110. The ECU 4 includes a microcomputer, ROM, RAM, peripheral circuit, input / output interface, and the like, and is provided in a space between the inner panel 104 and the door lining 105. The ECU 4 may be a one-chip microcomputer. The ECU 4 is electrically connected to the damper device 2 and the door position detector 3.

  FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the damper device 2 according to the first embodiment in an exploded manner. As shown in FIG. 3, the damper device 2 includes a casing 10, an arm (contact member) 11, a motor 12 and a transmission mechanism 13 as a driving mechanism, a damper (buffer means) 14, and an arm position detector 15. And.

  The casing 10 includes a substantially rectangular bottom plate 21, a side wall 22 standing on the peripheral edge of the bottom plate 21, and a lid member 23 provided on the upper end of the side wall 22. The lid member 23 is fixed to the side wall 22 with screws or the like. An opening 24 through which the arm 11 protrudes from the casing 10 is formed on the side wall 22a disposed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10. Further, the bottom plate 21 and the side wall 22 are provided with flange portions 26 having holes 25 for fixing the casing 10 to the inner panel 104. The casing 10 is disposed on the inner surface side of the inner panel 104 so that the side wall 22a is exposed from the opening 109 of the rear side end surface 104b of the side door 102, and is bolted to the inner panel 104 by inserting bolts into the holes 25.

  The arm 11 has a shaft 11d serving as a rocking shaft at the base end portion 11a. The shaft 11d has a bottom plate 21 of the casing 10 so that the shaft 11d is perpendicular to the bottom plate 21 in the vicinity of the opening 24 of the casing 10. And is pivotally supported by the lid member 23. The arm 11 extends from the proximal end portion 11a to the distal end portion 11b, and has a substantially L-shape bent in the rotation direction at an intermediate portion thereof. The tip 11b is bifurcated to form two protrusions 11c, and a shaft 32 is provided between the two protrusions 11c so as to be parallel to the shaft 11d. A roller 33 is rotatable on the shaft 32. Is pivotally supported. The arm 11 swings about the shaft 11d as a swing center, and is between a protruding position where the tip end portion 11b protrudes from the opening 24 of the casing 10 and an immersion position where most of the arm 11 is accommodated in the casing 10. Displaceable. When the arm 11 is in the immersive position, the arm 11 is not buffered with the center pillar 107 when the side door 102 is fully closed. Further, two gear portions 11e and 11f having a shaft 11d as a central axis are formed on the outer surface of the base end portion 11a of the arm 11.

  The motor 12 is a permanent magnet field DC motor and is supported inside the casing 10. A worm 34 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 12. The transmission mechanism 13 that transmits the rotational force of the motor 12 to the arm 11 transmits the first gear 36, the second gear 37, the rack plate 42, the third gear 38, the fourth gear 39, the fifth gear 40, and the sixth gear 41. I have. The first to sixth gears 36 to 41 have shafts 36 a to 41 a serving as rotational axes at the centers, respectively, and the bottom plate 21 and the lid member of the casing 10 so that each shaft 36 a to 41 a is perpendicular to the bottom plate 21. 23 is pivotally supported.

  The first gear includes a worm wheel 36b that meshes with the worm 34 and a spur gear 36c that are coaxially fixed to each other. The second gear 37 meshes with the spur gear 36 c of the first gear 36.

  The rack plate 42 is a plate-like member, and is arranged so as to extend perpendicular to the bottom plate 21 of the casing 10 and in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10. A guide portion 42 a is provided at the lower end of the rack plate 42, and a guide groove 27 formed along the longitudinal direction of the casing 10 is provided on the bottom plate 21 of the casing 10. When the guide portion 42 a is slidably engaged with the guide groove 27, the rack plate 42 is supported by the casing 10 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10.

  On the surface facing the second gear 37 side of the rack plate 42, two rack portions, a first rack portion 42b and a second rack portion 42c, extending in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10 are formed in parallel. The first rack portion 42 b meshes with the second gear 37, and the rack plate 42 moves in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10 by the rotation of the second gear 37.

  The third gear 38 includes a third gear A portion 38b and a third gear B portion 38c, which are gear portions having different reference circle diameters, in a coaxial and fixed state. The third gear A portion 38b meshes with the second rack portion 42c and is rotated by the movement of the rack plate 42 in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10.

  The fourth gear 39 includes a fourth gear A portion 39b and a fourth gear B portion 39c, which are gear portions having different reference circular diameters, coaxially and fixed to each other. The fourth gear A portion 39b meshes with the third gear B portion 38c.

  The fifth gear 40 meshes with the fourth gear B portion 39c. The sixth gear 41 meshes with the fifth gear 40 and the gear portion 11 e of the arm 11.

  By configuring the transmission mechanism 13 as described above, the rotational drive of the motor 12 is transmitted to the arm 11 via the transmission mechanism 13, and the arm 11 is displaced. Conversely, when the arm 11 is displaced, the displacement is transmitted to the motor 12 via the transmission mechanism 13, and the motor 12 is rotated.

  A damper 14 is provided in the guide groove 27 of the casing 10. The damper 14 may be a known air damper (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-29406), and has a bottomed cylindrical cylinder 51 fixed in the guide groove 27, and is accommodated coaxially and slidably in the cylinder 51. And a piston 52 having an orifice, and a piston rod 53 that is fixed to the piston 52 and extends outward of the cylinder 51 along the axial direction of the cylinder 51. The tip of the piston rod 53 is coupled to the guide portion 42 a of the rack plate 42. In other embodiments, the damper 14 may be an oil damper.

  Thereby, the piston 52 slides in the cylinder as the rack plate 42 moves in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10. Since the movement of the piston 52 is buffered by receiving air resistance, the movement of the rack plate 42 is also buffered. Since the rack plate 42 and the arm 11 are connected via the third to sixth gears 38 to 41, the displacement of the arm 11 is similarly buffered.

  4 and 5 are cross-sectional views illustrating the damper device according to the first embodiment. By configuring the damper device 2 as described above, the arm 11 is displaced by the rotational drive of the motor 12. The damper device 2 changes between a projecting state in which the arm 11 receives the rotational drive of the motor 12 as shown in FIG. 4 and is in a projecting position and an immersed state in which the arm 11 is in the immersing position as shown in FIG. To do.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the arm position detector 15 includes a sensor gear 55 and a rotation angle sensor 56 provided coaxially with the sensor gear 55. The arm position detector 15 is disposed in an arm position detector mounting portion 23 a that is recessed in the lid member 23 of the casing 10, and is fixed by a sensor lid 57.

  The sensor gear 55 is pivotally supported by the arm position detector mounting portion 23 a and the sensor lid 57, meshes with a gear portion 11 f formed at the base end portion 11 a of the arm 11, and is rotated according to the displacement of the arm 11. The rotation angle sensor 56 is a rotary potentiometer and is provided coaxially with the sensor gear 55. The rotation angle sensor 56 changes the resistance value according to the rotation angle of the sensor gear 55 and outputs a voltage corresponding to the rotation angle of the sensor gear 55, that is, the displacement position of the arm 11. The arm position detector 15 outputs the voltage value output from the rotation angle sensor 56 to the ECU 4 as an arm position detector signal.

  FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the first door position detection device in an exploded manner. As shown in FIG. 6, the door position detector 3 includes a box-shaped casing 63 having an opening formed from a lid body 61 and a main body 62, and a base end portion 64 a is pivotally supported inside the casing 63. A sensor arm 64 whose tip 64b is supported so as to protrude from the opening of the casing 63, a torsion spring 65 provided between the sensor arm 64 and the casing 63, and a rotation angle sensor provided coaxially with the sensor arm 64. 66.

  The casing 63 of the door position detector 3 is arranged so that the rotational axis of the sensor arm 64 is substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the door hinge 106, and the opening of the casing 63 faces the front side end face 104 a of the side door 102. It is fixed to the front pillar 110. The sensor arm 64 is swingable with respect to the casing 63, and is biased by a torsion spring 65 in a direction in which the tip end portion 64 b protrudes from the opening of the casing 63. As a result, the front end portion 64b of the sensor arm 64 abuts on the receiving plate 112 provided on the front side end surface 104a of the side door 102, and follows the opening and closing of the side door 102 to change the contact state with the receiving plate 112. maintain.

  The rotation angle sensor 66 is a rotary potentiometer, changes a resistance value according to the rotation angle of the sensor arm 64, and outputs a voltage value according to the rotation angle of the sensor arm 64, that is, the open / close position of the side door 102. The door position detector 3 outputs the voltage value output from the rotation angle sensor 66 to the ECU 4 as a door position detector signal.

  The ECU 4 detects the door position (Pd) which is the open / close position of the side door based on the door position detector signal received from the door position detector 3, and differentiates the amount of change in the door position (Pd) to differentiate the side door. The door speed (Vd) that is the opening / closing speed is calculated, and the arm position (Pa) that is the displacement position of the arm 11 is detected based on the arm position detector signal received from the arm position detector 15. As for the door position (Pd) and the arm position (Pa), the fully closed position is 0 and the fully open position is 100. Note that the door position (Pd) and the arm position (Pa) may be represented by an angle with the fully closed position being 0 °. As for the door speed (Vd), the speed in the closing operation direction has a negative value, and the speed in the opening operation direction has a positive value. The ECU 4 drives and controls the motor 12 based on the door position (Pd), the door speed (Vd), and the arm position (Pa).

  Next, the control point of the motor 12 by the ECU 4 will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the ECU according to the first embodiment. In step S1, it is determined whether or not the door position (Pd) of the side door 102 is at a predetermined door position (P1). If the determination is yes, the process proceeds to step S2, and if the determination is no, the process proceeds to return.

  In step S2, it is determined whether or not the door speed (Vd) is equal to or lower than a predetermined door speed (V), that is, whether or not the door closing speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined closing speed. If the determination is yes, the process proceeds to step S3, and if the determination is no, the process proceeds to return.

  In step S3, the target position (PT) of the arm 11 is determined based on the door speed (Vd). The relationship between the door speed (Vd) and the arm target position (PT) is stored in advance in the memory of the ECU 4 as a map, and the arm target position (PT) is determined by referring to the map based on the door speed (Vd). The arm target position (PT) is set, for example, so as to increase in proportion to the absolute value of the door speed (Vd), that is, to increase the protruding amount of the arm 11. After the processing is completed, the process proceeds to step S4.

  In step S4, the ECU 4 starts driving by energizing the motor 12 so as to displace the arm 11 to the protruding state. Then, it progresses to step S5.

  In step S5, the ECU 4 determines whether or not the arm position (Pa) has reached the arm target position (PT). If the determination is yes, the process proceeds to step S6, and if the determination is no, step S5 is repeated.

  In step S6, the ECU 4 prohibits energization of the motor 12 and stops driving. When processing is complete, proceed to return.

  Next, the operation of the side door opening and closing apparatus 1 according to the embodiment will be described. FIGS. 8-11 is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus of the side door which concerns on 1st Embodiment, Comprising: The buffering action by the opening / closing apparatus at the time of performing a door closing action is shown. (B) of each figure of FIGS. 8-11 is a figure which expands and shows the damper apparatus 2 part of (a).

  FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a state in which the side door 102 is in the fully closed position. As shown in FIG. 8B, when the side door 102 is in the fully closed position, the arm 11 of the damper device 2 is pressed against the wall portion 107a of the center pillar 107 via the roller 33 of the tip portion 11b. It rotates around the shaft 11d and is disposed at the immersion position.

  FIGS. 9A and 9B are views showing a state in which the side door 102 is opened by an arbitrary amount from the fully closed position. As shown in FIG. 9B, in a state where the side door 102 is opened by an arbitrary amount from the fully closed state, the arm 11 is in a state of being placed in the immersive position as in the case where the side door 102 is in the fully closed position. maintain. Since the door speed (Vd) is a positive value even if the door position (Pd) passes through the predetermined door position (P1) from the fully closed state to the state where the side door 102 is opened from the fully closed state to an arbitrary amount, The predetermined door speed (V) set to a negative value does not fall below, and the arm 11 is not displaced and does not protrude from the casing 10.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 9A, the sensor arm 64 of the door position detector 3 maintains the contact state with the receiving plate 112 provided on the front end surface 104a of the side door 102, and the door position is detected. The detector 3 outputs a door position detector signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the sensor arm 64 to the ECU 4.

  When the side door 102 is closed from the state in which the side door 102 shown in FIG. 9 is opened, the closing direction is reached when the door position (Pd) of the side door 102 reaches the predetermined door position (P1). It is determined whether the door speed (Vd) with a negative value is equal to or lower than the predetermined door speed (V), that is, whether the door closing speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined closing speed, and the door speed (Vd). Accordingly, the arm 11 is displaced and protruded from the casing 10. FIGS. 10A and 10B are views showing a state in which the arm 11 is protruded from the casing 10. If the door speed (Vd) at the door position (P1) is larger than the predetermined door speed (V), that is, if the door closing speed is slower than the predetermined closing speed, the arm 11 is not protruded from the casing 10.

  11A and 11B are views showing a state in which the arm 11 is in contact with the stepped portion 107b of the center pillar 107. FIG. If the arm 11 shown in FIG. 10 is protruded from the casing 10 and the side door 102 shifts to a state near the fully closed state, the arm 11 is stepped by the center pillar 107 via the roller 33 at the tip 11b. 107b abuts. The side door 102 receives the resistance force of the arm 11 in contact with the stepped portion 107b, and the closing speed is reduced. At this time, the arm 11 is pressed by the stepped portion 107b via the roller 33, rotates around the shaft 11d, and is displaced from the protruding state to the immersive position. At that time, since the resistance force of the damper 14 and the resistance force due to the cogging torque of the motor 12 are applied to the arm 11 via the transmission mechanism 13, the displacement of the arm 11 is buffered. As a result, the side door 102 moves to the fully closed position while reducing the closing speed.

  When the arm 11 is displaced, the distal end portion 11b of the arm 11 is in contact with the stepped portion 107b via the roller 33, so that the arm 11 smoothly moves on the stepped portion 107b following the displacement of the arm 11. When the side door 102 is substantially fully closed and the arm 11 is displaced to the vicinity of the immersive position, the roller 33 of the arm 11 is detached from the step portion 107b. The resistance force against the closing operation of the side door 102 disappears, and the side door 102 is fully closed as shown in FIG.

  As described above, the side door opening and closing device 1 can reduce the closing speed in the closing operation of the side door 102. Thereby, when an object is sandwiched between the side door 102 and the center pillar 107, an impact applied to the object can be reduced. Further, when the side door 102 is closed, the side door 102 is slowly closed in the vicinity of the fully closed position, so that a high-class feeling can be produced. Further, it is possible to reduce a collision sound between the side door 102 and the vehicle body 100 when the side door 102 is closed.

  Further, the side door opening and closing device 1 causes the arm 11 to protrude and brake the side door 102 only when the closing speed is high when the side door 102 is closed. The braking when the side door 102 does not need to be decelerated can be omitted. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the person who performs the closing operation of the side door 102 from being uncomfortable or bothering. Further, since the arm 11 is not protruded until the side door 102 approaches the vicinity of the fully closed position, the arm 11 is prevented from being caught by clothes of a person who opens and closes the side door 102. In addition, since there is no protrusion, an effect that the design property is good is obtained.

  Since the side door opening and closing device 1 according to the first embodiment is provided at the free end of the side door 102, that is, at the rear side end face 104b, the side door can be opened with less resistance than when provided at the front side end face 104a. The closing operation of the door 102 can be braked. That is, the buffer capacity required for the damper 14 as the buffer means is reduced. Thereby, the damper 14 can be reduced in size.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a sliding door of an automobile will be described in detail. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a sliding door to which the opening / closing device according to the second embodiment is applied. Since the second embodiment is mostly the same as the configuration of the first embodiment, differences from the configuration of the first embodiment will be described, and the same configuration as the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals. Is omitted.

  As in the first embodiment, the opening / closing device 1 according to the second embodiment includes a damper device 2, a door position detector 6, and an ECU 4 as a control unit. The damper device 2 is provided on a slide door 202 that opens and closes an entrance / exit 201 provided on a side portion of the vehicle body 200. The slide door 202 is formed of an outer panel 203 and an inner panel 204, and a front side end surface 204a of the slide door 202 is formed by projecting the inner panel 204 to the vehicle compartment side. The damper device 2 is attached to the inner panel 204 so that the arm 11 is exposed from an opening 209 formed in the front side end surface 204a of the slide door 202. The slide door 202 is slidably provided on the vehicle body 200 via the slider 205.

  The door position detector 6 is a linear potentiometer, and is provided on the vehicle body 200 and connected to the slider 205. The door position detector 6 changes the resistance value according to the position of the slider 205 and outputs a voltage according to the position of the slider 205 to the ECU 4 as a door position detection signal. Note that a rotary potentiometer may be used for the door position detector 6. For example, a drum is arranged coaxially with a rotary potentiometer, the slide door 202 or the slider 205 and the drum are connected by a wire, the wire is wound according to the movement of the slide door 202 or the slider 205, and the amount of rotation of the drum at that time The position of the slide door 202 may be detected by detecting the voltage change of the rotary potentiometer according to the above.

  The opening / closing device 1 according to the second embodiment controls the protruding operation of the arm 11 based on the door position and the door speed of the slide door 202 as in the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the switchgear according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, when the arm 11 is protruded, the maximum protruding position of the arm 11 can be displaced to the immersive position when the roller 33 of the tip end portion 11b is pressed by the wall portion 107c of the center pillar 107. As such, it is limited.

  When the slide door 202 approaches the vicinity of the fully closed position, the arm 11 comes into contact with the wall 107c of the center pillar 107 via the roller 33, is pressed by the wall 107c, and rotates around the shaft 11d. At this time, the roller 33 rotates and moves smoothly on the wall 107c. The displacement of the arm 11 is buffered by receiving resistance by the damper 14 and the motor 12 as in the first embodiment, so that the movement of the slide door 202 receives resistance and the closing speed is reduced.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a residential door will be described in detail. FIG. 14: is a perspective view which shows the door for residences which applied the switchgear concerning 3rd Embodiment, and cuts and shows the upper part of a door for residences. The residential door 301 is swingably attached by fixing one side thereof to a door frame 302 provided on the wall of the residence via a hinge (not shown). The opening / closing device 303 is fastened to the lower surface of the upper side member 302 a of the door frame 302 by a tapping screw 304.

  FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view showing the opening / closing device 303 according to the third embodiment. The opening / closing device 303 includes a casing 310, an arm (contact member) 311, a motor 312 and a transmission mechanism 313 as a driving mechanism, an infrared distance sensor (opening / closing body position detecting means) 314, a human sensor 315, an arm A position detector (contact member position detecting means) 316 and a microcomputer (control unit) 317 are provided.

  The casing 310 includes a substantially rectangular bottom plate 321, a side wall 322 erected on the periphery of the bottom plate 321, and a lid member 323 fixed to the upper end portion of the side wall 322 with screws or the like. Two openings 324 and 325 are formed in the side wall 322a of the casing 310 on the door 301 side. An arm 311 protrudes from the opening 324, and the opening 325 forms an optical path of infrared rays from the infrared distance sensor 314.

  The lid member 323 is provided with a motor accommodating portion 323a protruding upward to accommodate the motor 312. The upper side member 302a of the door frame 302 is provided with a hole in which the motor accommodating portion 323a is loosely fitted. When no hole is provided in the upper side member 302a, the opening / closing device 303 may be fixed to the upper side member 302a by interposing a spacer between the lid member 323 and the upper side member 302a.

  The arm 311 has a shaft 311d serving as a swing center at the base end portion 311a, and the shaft 311d is pivotally supported by the bottom plate 321 and the lid member 323 in the vicinity of the opening 324. The arm 311 is formed in a smooth curved shape in which an intermediate portion 311c protrudes from the base end portion 311a to the tip end portion 311b toward the outer side of the casing 310. A roller 333 is pivotally supported on the tip portion 311b. A fan-shaped gear portion 311e having a shaft 311d as a central axis is formed on the outer surface of the casing 310 at the base end portion 311a of the arm 311. A stopper 311f protrudes from the base end portion 311a of the arm 311 in a direction substantially opposite to the direction in which the distal end portion 311b protrudes.

  The arm 311 swings about the shaft 311d as the swing center, and a protruding position (see FIG. 19) where the tip 311b protrudes from the opening 24 of the casing 310, and an immersion where most of the arm 311 is accommodated in the casing 310. It can be displaced between the positions (see FIG. 17). In the arm 311, the end portion of the gear portion 311 e abuts on a protrusion 322 b protruding from the side wall 322 of the casing 310 in the retracted position, while the stopper 311 f abuts on the protrusion 322 b in the protruding position to prevent rotation. Yes.

  The gear portion 311e of the arm 311 is connected to the rotation shaft of the motor 312 via the first gear 336, the second gear 337, and the third gear 338, and the arm 311 receives the rotational drive of the motor 312 from the retracted position. Displaces to the protruding position. The motor 312 is driven and controlled by the microcomputer 317 based on signals from the infrared distance sensor 314, the human sensor 315, and the arm position detector 316.

  The infrared distance sensor 314 includes a diode that emits infrared rays and a phototransistor that detects a reflected component of the emitted infrared rays from the door 301, measures the distance from the door 301, and uses the measurement result as a distance signal to the microcomputer 317. To enter.

  The human sensor 315 detects the presence of a person by detecting infrared rays emitted from a person or the like. The human sensor 315 is provided so as to correspond to a hole formed in the bottom plate 321 of the casing 310 and detects a person existing below the opening / closing device 303, that is, near the door frame 302. The human sensor 315 inputs a human detection signal to the microcomputer 317 when detecting a person.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, the arm position detector 316 includes a sensor gear and a rotation angle sensor, and the sensor gear rotates together with the arm 311 via a gear or the like. The arm position detector 316 inputs the voltage value output from the rotation angle sensor 56 to the microcomputer 317 as an arm position signal.

  The microcomputer 317 detects the door position (Pd), which is the opening / closing position of the door 301, based on the distance signal received from the infrared distance sensor 314, and differentiates the amount of change in the door position (Pd) at the opening / closing speed of the door 301. A certain door speed (Vd) is calculated. Further, based on the arm position signal received from the arm position detector 316, the arm position (Pa) which is the displacement position of the arm 311 is detected. As for the door position (Pd), the fully closed position is 0, and the fully open position is 100. The arm position (Pa) is set to 0 for the immersive position and 100 (Pa, max) for the protruding position. As for the door speed (Vd), the speed in the closing operation direction has a negative value, and the speed in the opening operation direction has a positive value. The microcomputer 317 drives and controls the motor 12 based on the door position (Pd), the door speed (Vd), the arm position (Pa), and the human detection signal input from the human sensor 315.

  Next, the operation of the switchgear 303 according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the microcomputer according to the third embodiment. First, in step S11, the microcomputer 317 determines whether or not the door position (Pd) is equal to or less than a predetermined door position (P2). The door position (P2) is set to a value close to the fully closed position, and 0 (fully closed position) is set in the present embodiment.

  If the determination in step S11 is Yes, it is determined in step S12 whether the door speed (Vd) is equal to or higher than a predetermined door speed (V2). The predetermined door speed (V2) is set to a value of 0 or more, and it is determined whether or not the door 301 is displaced in the opening operation direction. In the present embodiment, the predetermined door speed (V2) is set to zero. Note that a value equal to or greater than 0 may be set to the predetermined door speed (V2) in order to prevent malfunction due to vibration of the door 301 or the like.

  If the determination in step S12 is Yes, the microcomputer 317 supplies current to the motor 312 to drive the motor 312 (step S13), and the motor is moved until the arm position (Pa) reaches the protruding position (Pa, max). 312 is continuously driven (step S14 and step S15). If the determination in step S12 is No, the microcomputer 317 does not perform drive control of the motor 312 and proceeds to return.

  When the door 301 is in the fully closed position or a position close to the fully closed position and opened in the opening direction by the control in steps S11 to S15, the arm 311 of the opening / closing device 303 protrudes to open the door 301 in the opening direction. Extrude into. That is, the opening / closing device 303 assists the opening operation of the door 301.

  17-19 is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of the opening / closing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 17 shows a state in which the door 301 is stationary at the fully closed position, FIG. 18 shows a state in which the door 301 is slightly opened from the fully closed position, and an assist operation by the opening / closing device 303 is started, and FIG. Has reached the protruding position, and the assist operation by the opening / closing device 303 has been completed.

  In the state shown in FIG. 17, the door 301 is in the fully closed position (Pd = 0) and satisfies the condition of step S11. At this time, the arm 311 is disposed at the immersion position. When the door 301 is opened in the opening direction from the state shown in FIG. 17, the door speed becomes 0 or more, the condition of step S12 is satisfied, and the arm 311 is driven to the protruding position (Pa, max).

  As shown in FIG. 18, when the arm 311 is driven to the protruding position (Pa, max), the arm 311 first contacts the door 301 at the intermediate portion 311c and presses the door 301 in the opening direction. At this time, the distance between the shaft 311d serving as the swing center of the arm 311 and the contact portion between the door 301 is r1. When the drive further proceeds from the state shown in FIG. 18 to the maximum projecting position (Pa, max) of the arm 311, the contact portion with the door 301 moves little by little toward the tip 311 part b (swinging end) side, When the arm 311 reaches the protruding position (Pa, max), the distance between the shaft 311d and the contact portion with the door 301 is r2.

  In the initial stage of the opening operation of the door 301, a relatively large force is required for the assist force due to the inertial force of the door 301. Therefore, as described above, the assist force by the opening / closing device 303 can be increased by shortening the distance between the shaft 311d and the contact portion of the door 301 at the initial stage of assist. Further, when the door 301 is displaced with a certain opening direction speed, the required assist force becomes smaller than the initial value, so the distance between the shaft 311d and the contact portion of the door 301 is increased, The stroke which can press the door 301 can be lengthened.

  If the determination in step S11 is No, that is, if the door 301 does not exist in the vicinity of the fully closed position, the process proceeds to step S16, and pinching prevention (reduction) control is performed. In step S16, the microcomputer 317 determines whether or not the door speed (Vd) is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed (V3). The predetermined speed (V3) is set to a value of 0 or less, and it is determined whether or not the door 301 is displaced in the closing direction. If the determination in step S16 is Yes, in step S17, the microcomputer 317 determines whether a human detection signal is input from the human sensor 315. When the determination in step S17 is Yes, the process proceeds to step S13, and the arm 311 is protruded to the protruding position (Pa, max) through steps S14 and S15. If the determinations in step S16 and step S17 are No, the process proceeds to return.

  When it is determined that the door 301 is displaced in the closing direction and there is a person near the door frame 302 by the control of the above steps S16, S17, S13 to S15, the arm 311 of the opening / closing device 303 protrudes. The arm 311 strikes the door 301 to buffer the closing speed of the door 301. Since the arm 311 is connected to the motor 312 via the first to third gears 336 to 338, the displacement of the arm 311 is buffered by receiving the cogging torque of the motor 312. Since the closing operation of the door 301 is buffered in this way, a person existing in the vicinity of the door frame can leave the position sandwiched by the door 301. Further, even when it is not possible to move away from the sandwiched position, the closing operation of the door 301 is buffered, so that the impact that a person receives from the door 301 can be reduced.

  Although 3rd Embodiment mentioned above is an example applied to the hinged door, it is also possible to apply the switchgear 303 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment to a sliding door. When applied to a sliding door, the opening / closing device 303 is embedded in the door frame so that the side wall 322 on the side where the opening 324 and the opening 325 are disposed is exposed at the side of the door frame that contacts the sliding door. To do. Further, the human sensor 315 is disposed on the side wall 322 on the side where the opening 324 and the like are disposed. In sliding doors such as aluminum sashes, a seal member such as packing may be provided at the contact portion between the door and the door frame, and the force required for opening the door by adsorbing the seal member to the door or the door frame. May increase. In addition, in a heavy sash such as a sash for multi-layer glass, the force required to start the opening operation increases from the inertial force. Therefore, the assisting action of the opening / closing device 303 according to the third embodiment is effective because it can reduce the force required to open the door.

  Although the description of the specific embodiment is finished as described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be widely modified. A modification is shown below.

  In the first and second embodiments, the damper device 2 is provided on the side door 102 or the slide door 202 as an opening / closing body, but may be provided on the center pillar 107 on the opening side. In this case, the weight of the side door 102 or the slide door 202 can be reduced.

  In the first and second embodiments, the damper 14 is used as the buffering means, but a rotary damper can also be used. For example, a rotary damper may be provided coaxially with the arm 11 to directly buffer the displacement of the arm 11. In this case, the rack plate 42 and the first to sixth gears 36 to 41 can be omitted, and the damper device 2 can be downsized. In addition, various known shock absorbers can be applied.

  In the first and second embodiments, a motor is used as a power generation source, but a solenoid may be used. The arm 11 may be pressed by a plunger (iron core) that is moved by energization of the solenoid to displace the arm 11 to the protruding position.

  The configurations of the arm position detector 15 and the door position detector 3 shown in the first and second embodiments are examples, and other known position detecting means can be applied.

  In the embodiment, the resistance force of the damper 14 and the cogging torque of the motors 12, 312 are used to buffer the displacement of the arms 11, 311, but the motor 12 is driven to rotate in the direction in which the arms 11, 311 protrude. A resistance force may be applied to the displacement. In this case, the buffer action can be adjusted by controlling the rotation of the motors 12 and 312.

  In the first and second embodiments, there is a distance between the rear side end face 104b of the side door 102 and the wall 107a of the center pillar 107, and the arm 11 remains in the casing 10 even when the opening / closing body is in the closed position. In the case where a part of the arm 11 protrudes, the arm 11 may reach the immersive position by rotational driving of the motor 12.

  Although the example applied to buildings, such as a door of a vehicle and a house, was shown in the 1st-3rd embodiment, it is possible to apply to the door etc. of other furniture and storage devices (for example, a refrigerator etc.).

Further, the opening / closing device for the side door or slide door according to the first and second embodiments can be used in combination with an easy closer that automatically pulls the door from the half door state to the fully closed state. As described above, the configuration of the control device for the opening and closing body according to the present invention can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1,303 Opening / closing device 2 Damper device 3, 6, 314 Door position detector 4, 317 ECU (microcomputer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,310 Casing 11,311 Arm 12,312 Motor 13,313 Transmission mechanism 14 Damper 15,316 Arm position detector 27 Guide groove 33 Roller 34 Worm 36-41 First gear-sixth gear 36b Worm wheel 42 Rack plate 42b 42c 1st rack part, 2nd rack part 102 Side door

Claims (16)

An opening / closing device for an opening / closing body that performs at least one of assisting an opening operation of the opening / closing body provided in the opening and buffering the closing operation,
A protruding position that is provided on one of the peripheral edge of the opening and the opening / closing body, and is in contact with the peripheral edge of the opening and the other of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in the vicinity of the fully closed position; A contact member that is displaceable between a peripheral edge of the opening and an immersive position that does not interfere with the other of the opening and closing body when the body is in a fully closed position;
A drive mechanism for displacing the contact member to the protruding position;
An opening / closing body position detecting means for detecting an opening / closing position of the opening / closing body with respect to the opening;
An opening / closing device for an opening / closing body, comprising: a control unit that drives and controls the drive mechanism based on the opening / closing position detected by the opening / closing body position detecting means.   The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to claim 1, further comprising buffer means for buffering displacement of the contact member.   The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to claim 1, wherein the drive mechanism includes a motor or a solenoid.   The control unit calculates a displacement speed of the opening / closing body with respect to the opening based on a change amount of the opening / closing position of the opening / closing body over a predetermined time, and drives the drive mechanism based on at least one of the displacement speed and the opening / closing position. The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening / closing device is controlled.   When the control unit determines that the opening / closing body is closing based on the displacement speed, and determines that the opening / closing body is close to the opening to a predetermined value or less based on the opening / closing position. The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to claim 4, wherein the drive mechanism is driven and controlled to project the contact member.   The control unit drives and controls the drive mechanism to project the contact member when it is determined that the opening / closing body is displaced in the opening direction from the fully closed position based on the opening / closing position. The opening / closing device of the opening-closing body of Claim 4 or Claim 5.   The said control part determines the protrusion amount of the said contact member based on the said displacement speed, and drives and controls the said drive mechanism so that the said contact member may become predetermined | prescribed protrusion amount, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The opening / closing device of the opening-closing body in any one of Claims 4-6. A contact member position detecting means for detecting a displacement position of the contact member;
The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control unit drives and controls the drive mechanism based on a displacement position of the contact member. A human sensor for detecting a person existing between the opening and the opening and closing body;
The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control unit drives and controls the drive mechanism based on a signal from the human sensor.   The opening / closing body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the contact member is swingably supported by a peripheral edge of the opening and one of the opening / closing bodies. Switchgear.   As the abutting member changes from the retracted position to the protruding position, the contact portion between the peripheral edge of the opening and the other of the opening / closing body changes from the swing center side to the swing end side. The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to claim 10, wherein an intermediate portion between the swing center and the swing end protrudes to a peripheral portion of the opening and the other side of the opening / closing body. The opening / closing body is a side door that is swingably supported at the base end of the vehicle body,
The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the contact member is provided at a free end of the side door.   The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein the buffer means uses a driving force of the motor.   The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to any one of claims 3 to 13, wherein the buffer means uses a cogging torque of the motor.   The opening / closing body opening / closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the opening / closing body position detecting means is an infrared sensor.   The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body according to claim 15, wherein the contact member and the infrared sensor are provided in a single casing.

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