JP5162291B2 - Deposition substrate unit and structure for raising floating larvae - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a deposition substrate unit installed on the bottom of a water in order to deposit or settle a useful animal or plant having a floating larval stage (hereinafter also referred to simply as “deposition” including the meaning of settlement), and The present invention relates to a structure for raising floating larvae using the deposition substrate unit.

  The bottom of sandy mud sediments where sand mud stays in the ocean or rivers has a gentle flow velocity, and therefore, organisms belonging to useful animals or plants with a floating larval stage (hereinafter referred to as "floating larvae") accumulate. Easy to be. The floating larvae here are, for example, sea cucumbers, abalone, sea urchins or algae. However, unlike the reef and gravel bottom, the bottom of sandy mud bottom is poor in places where larvae can be grasped (stone deposits (including sediments such as gravel and coarse sand depending on the species)). Can not be deposited. Therefore, it is difficult to deposit and grow floating larvae, which are useful resources, on the bottom of sandy mud sediments and use them as biological resources.

  Conventionally, there has been a method of throwing stones and concrete blocks as artificial deposition substrates in order to promote sedimentation of floating larvae and subsequent growth at the bottom of sandy mud bottoms, but because of the sandy mud bottoms However, the input caused subsidence or subsidence, and the effect could not be sustained. Furthermore, it was difficult to recover the subsidence or subsidence.

  In addition, as another conventional technique for promoting the deposition of floating larvae and the growth and growth of the larvae, Patent Document 1 describes that a net-like bag is filled with a porous material and laid on the seabed, and algae grows to increase the number of organisms. A method for preserving the habitat of seafood is described. Floating larvae of animals have been elucidated to tend to selectively deposit microalgae filaments used as an initial feed and substrates on which single-cell species have settled. It is necessary and suitable as a deposition substrate capable of securing an algae amount proportional to.

According to Non-Patent Document 1, according to a test using scallops as a deposition substrate, an environment in which plant floating larvae such as algae have grown on the deposition substrate has proliferated in an environment in which no algae has grown. In contrast, it has been found that animal floating larvae such as sea cucumbers, abalone, and sea urchins are selectively deposited and easily grown. This is because floating larvae such as sea cucumbers and abalone are promoted to be deposited by inducing substances produced from microalgae such as diatoms, and these algae grow as feed. Therefore, as the conditions for the artificial deposition substrate, first, the epiphytic growth of plant floating larvae (zoospores, gametophytes, spores, etc.) can be promoted, and then the deposition of animal floating larvae and It is desirable to have a shape that can promote growth and an inhabitable internal structure.
As a conventional technique for promoting the growth of algae, Patent Literature 2 describes a seaweed growing tool for causing algae to grow on an artificial reef. This is one in which iron ore slag is filled inside a bag made of a synthetic resin woven fabric. Algae are deposited on the woven fabric, and trace elements that flow out from iron ore slag into the sea are said to promote the growth of algae. However, this technique is not intended for the deposition and growth of animal floating larvae. The substrate is a woven cloth and is not a natural stone or shell, but an artificial substance and method for supplying trace elements.

FIG. 10 is an example of a prior art of a deposition substrate unit in which a water permeable container is filled with a deposition substrate (shell, stone, etc.). A mesh case is used as a permeable container. FIG. 10A is an external perspective view, and FIG. 10B is a plan view showing a part of the material of the mesh case.
A deposition substrate unit 100 shown in FIG. 10 (A) is composed of a hard plastic cylindrical mesh case 102 and a filling material 103 made of shells (oysters and scallops) filled therein as a deposition substrate. ing. The mesh case 102 is formed of a cylindrical member and a pair of planar members that close the openings at both ends, and the standard size is about 100 cm in length and about 15 cm in diameter. The manufacturing method is completed by first closing one end of the cylindrical member with one flat member, then putting a shell as a deposition substrate inside, and closing the other end with another flat member. The overall shape of the mesh case 102 and the shape of the holes are not limited to the illustrated example.

As shown in FIG. 10B, the material of the mesh case 102 is a hard plastic in which streaks 102a having a predetermined width W are formed in a lattice shape having holes 102b having a predetermined size. For example, it can be produced by extrusion molding. Durability is emphasized because it is used at the bottom of the water for a long time, the stripe 102a has a width W of about 5 to 10 mm and a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm. It was about (depending on the size of the filling material). Also, since it is a hard plastic, it has the rigidity to be self-supporting while maintaining its overall shape, and the shape of the streaks 102a and the holes 102b is reinforced by filling with filling material, so that the water flow and waves in the bottom of the water are reinforced. Almost no deformation.
As another example, a “jak” in which a metal net is filled with stone may also be used as a rigid deposition substrate unit.
JP 2006-223297 A (paragraph 0014) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-55342 Journal of the Japanese Fisheries Society 71 (1), 83-85 (2005): Short report "Evaluation of the abundance of Ezo Abalone Todoroki using scallop shell rings"

The conventional deposition substrate unit 100 shown in FIG. 10 has the following problems.
Since the streaks 102a of the mesh case 102 are thick and the algae grows first, and a shadow of the algae is formed, the sunlight on the filling material 103 is blocked, so that the algae attaches to the filling material 103. Life is hindered and an environment that is difficult to grow is formed.
In addition to the thick streaks 102a of the mesh case 102, since the mesh case 102 is made of hard plastic and has a constant shape, a gap is formed between the mesh case 102 and the filling material 103. The shell will eventually be damaged and depleted from the surroundings.
Especially, when using a bivalve shell as the filling material 103, since it was randomly inserted and packed, as shown in FIG. 10A, the convex surface 103a and the concave back surface 103b have various directions. As a result, there is a tendency that a large amount of algae grow only on the outer shell in which the convex surface 103a protrudes outward.
・ In addition to a gap between the hard mesh case 102 and the filling material 103, the filling material is a material with high surface friction resistance such as shells and stones. This creates an extra gap. As a result, there is room for the filling material to move in the case by vibration or water flow. By moving in the case, the filling material is more densely packed and diminished, making it easier to move. In addition, when the filling material moves frequently in the case, the floating larvae are more difficult to deposit than when the filling material is stationary, and the organisms are lost due to depletion, disappearance, and escape.
-Especially in the case of shells, if they move easily in the case, they collide with each other to be damaged and consumed, and the particle size becomes smaller and falls off from the mesh case 102, so it is easier to reduce. In shallow coastal areas where the effects of waves are large, shells in the case may disappear within a short period of time.

  In Patent Document 1, filling material is filled using a bag network (which is considered to be flexible for the time being) as a water-permeable container. In this case, the filling material can move, and as above, problems such as loss, damage, and depletion occur, making it unsuitable for biological deposition and habitat.

  The present invention is a deposition substrate unit obtained by filling a permeable container with a filling material as a deposition substrate to form a unit so that the sunshine is not obstructed, and a gap is created between the container and the filling material as much as possible. It is intended to promote the deposition of floating larvae and subsequent overgrowth and growth over a long period of time by preventing the filling material from moving inside. Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure for raising floating larvae using such a deposition substrate unit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configuration. The numbers in parentheses are reference numerals in the drawings described later and are attached for reference.
One form of the deposition substrate unit (1) used as a substrate for depositing floating larvae according to the present invention is a flexible bag network (2) in which a net having a mesh of a predetermined size is formed in a bag shape, and In order to prevent movement of the filling material in the inside of the bag net, the filling material (3, 31) filled in the bag net, comprising an aggregate of inorganic solids of a size that does not fall off from the mesh , Fastening means for fastening the bag mesh and the filling material to each other in a state where in-plane tension is generated in the entire bag mesh, and the fastening means includes The rope is characterized by being a rope that circulates around the outer surface of the bag net and penetrates the inside of the bag net and is tensioned.

  Another form of the deposition substrate unit (1) used as a substrate for depositing floating larvae according to the present invention is a flexible bag net (2) in which a net having a predetermined mesh size is formed in a bag shape. ), And the filling material (3, 31) filled in the bag net, made of an aggregate of inorganic solids of a size that does not fall off the mesh, and the movement of the filling material inside the bag net A fastening means for fastening the bag mesh to prevent the pair of steel lattice frames sandwiching the bag mesh, and between the two frames so that the pair of steel lattice frames are close to each other. And a rope that is hung and tensioned.

In the above, the inorganic solid is filled into shells (3) or shells crushed material a is and the surface (3a) of convex shape in each of the shell or the shell crushed material outward Fukuroami (2) It is suitable.
In the above, the inorganic solid material may be a stone (31).

A floating larva growing structure (10) according to the present invention is formed by using a plurality of the above-described deposition substrate units, and the adjacent deposition substrate units are in contact with each other and are arranged in a planar shape as a whole. Features.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the structure for raising floating larva is provided with a steel frame surrounding the entire plurality of deposition substrate units.

  The deposition substrate unit according to the present invention is packed with an aggregate of inorganic solids having a size that does not fall off from a mesh in a flexible bag network in which a mesh having a mesh of a predetermined size is formed in a bag shape. Filled as a material. Furthermore, a fastening means for fastening the bag net to prevent the movement of the filling material inside the bag net is provided.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, since the bag net is formed of a flexible net having a predetermined mesh, it is difficult for the bag net to impede sunshine on the filling material. Moreover, since it is flexible, it is possible to adhere the bag net along the outline of the filled filling material. As a result, no extra gaps are formed between the bag net and the filling material, and it is difficult for the filling materials to be lost or damaged due to such extra gaps. As a result, diatoms continue to be promoted on the surface of the stable filling material, so that the deposition and growth of floating larvae using diatoms as feed is promoted.

  Since the filling material is stable in the long term, the settlement and deposition of floating larvae and the overgrowth and growth are promoted. In addition, since the gap formed between the filling materials is stable, the space becomes a preferable space for floating larvae, and protection and growth are promoted.

In a preferred example, a bivalve that is easily available as a filling material is used, and the bag net is filled with the convex surface facing outward. The bivalve surface has a large surface area because diatoms tend to grow on the convex surface and the surface area is large. Shells such as oysters and scallops are preferable because they have a surface shape suitable for living organisms and habitat, and can be easily obtained as fishery waste. In the case of sea cucumber larvae, fine relief and voids are effective as a hiding place from ultraviolet rays and sunlight.
It is also possible to mix crushed shells for close-packing, or to use only crushed shells, and to reduce the size of the internal space according to the target organism.

  In the case where the filling material is a stone material, it is preferable in terms of resistance to breakage compared to a shell, and because of its weight, stability at the bottom of the water is good. Moreover, it is preferable also at the point which can be obtained stably cheaply anywhere. Furthermore, the standard and size can be changed depending on the target organism.

  According to the fastening means of the bag net filled with the filling material, the in-plane tension is generated by pulling the flexible bag net as a whole, and the inside packing is made by the in-plane tension of the bag net. The effect of pressing the whole material from the outside is obtained. As a result, the bag net and the filling material are more stably fixed.

  Moreover, since the outer shell is surrounded by the bag net, it is possible to suppress the feeding damage of epiphytic algae by seaweed-like animals such as sea urchins.

  The structure for raising floating larvae according to the present invention is formed using a plurality of the above-described deposition substrate units according to the present invention. Adjacent deposition substrate units are abutted against each other and arranged in a plane. As a result, the floating larva breeding environment can be improved in the entire section where the structure is installed. First, floating larvae of plants are deposited on each unit, and diatoms and the like are proliferated, so that floating larvae of animals such as abalone and sea cucumber can be deposited and grow on each unit.

  In addition, the floating larva growing structure is installed so that a plurality of deposition substrate units are in contact with each other and arranged in a planar shape, so that the weight is not concentrated in one place. Therefore, subsidence and burial are unlikely to occur even with sandy mud bottoms. As a result, the substrate effect can be obtained over a long period of time and can be easily recovered.

  In addition, it is effective to enclose and accommodate a plurality of deposition substrate units with a steel frame in the case of rock sediments. Thereby, it can install stably on sediment. Moreover, it is also possible to connect a some frame, and weight fixation is implement | achieved.

  In addition, diatoms and the like grow on the structure for raising floating larvae, which not only promotes the deposition of natural floating larvae, but also serves as feed for released artificial seedlings and larvae. It can also promote healthy growth, prevent dissipation and protect and nurture.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings showing examples of the present invention.
FIG. 1A is an external plan view of an embodiment of a deposition substrate unit according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic view of an X cross section of FIG. FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of a single shell constituting the filling material in the embodiment of FIG.

  The deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention is a unit obtained by filling a water-permeable container with a filling material as a deposition substrate, and is used by being installed on the bottom of the ocean or river. The overall shape of the deposition substrate unit 1 is substantially rectangular in the plan view of FIG. 1A, and as shown in the X sectional view of FIG. 1B, the front surface 1a and the back surface 1b are substantially flat and have a predetermined thickness. It has a flat shape. Such a three-dimensional shape is formed by filling the bag net 2 with the filling material 3, but this overall shape is an example. For example, the front and back rectangles have a side of about 20 to 50 cm and a thickness of about 10 to 15 cm, but the shape and weight are determined by the application, construction method, installation location, etc., and are not fixed.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a bag net 2 in which a net is formed in a bag shape is used as a water-permeable container. The net here is made by knitting continuous yarn made of fibers of various materials into a mesh shape. As the fiber material, a synthetic fiber having durability and strength suitable for use in water is preferable. For example, nylon, tetron, polyester, vinylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, and other materials having functions such as biodegradability are also possible. Good. The yarn is preferably a filament yarn of long fiber because it has excellent tensile strength and durability. A material excellent in pulling and rubbing strength is preferable, and it is determined depending on the environment such as the filling material, the total weight, and the installation location, but a thin material is preferable as long as it does not impair the sunlight and strength inside the bag net. For example, a net used for a fishing net is suitable. Such a net has flexibility as the entire bag net because each thread forming the net can be bent freely in an arbitrary direction.
In addition, the thickness of the thread of the bag net is appropriately set depending on the formation size and weight of the bag net, the size of the filling material, the installation method, and the like. For example, in the case of a commercially available fishing net product, about 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm is common (however, it is not limited to this range). On the other hand, in the conventional mesh case shown in FIG. 10, the width of the streaks was usually 5 mm or more and was thick, so the sunlight was blocked.
The size of the mesh of the bag net should be such that the filling material does not leak out depending on the filling material, but from the viewpoint of not inhibiting sunlight, the filling material does not leak and is as large as possible. It is preferable.

  The filling material 3 is an aggregate of inorganic solids having a size that does not fall off from the mesh of the bag net 2, and is filled in the bag net 2. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 (A), a shell, particularly oyster and scallop are mixed and used as the inorganic solid. In another embodiment, oysters alone or scallops alone, other readily available shells or shell crushed material may be mixed and filled. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 (C), these shells usually have a surface 3a having a convex curved surface and a back surface 3b having a concave curved surface, and the surface 3a is particularly rich in fine undulations. The complexity of the surface shape and the internal voids (or structures) that are formed into multiple layers function as larvae protection from ultraviolet rays by sunlight and hiding places from alien enemies.

  As shown in the X cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, each shell is filled in the bag net 2 so that the surface 3a faces the outside of the deposition substrate unit 1. Thereby, it becomes possible to deposit floating larvae uniformly by increasing the amount of diatoms deposited on the entire outer surface of the deposition substrate unit 1 exposed in water. In the example shown in the figure, the opening of the deposition substrate unit 1 is in the center of the back surface 1b and is closed by a suitable closing rope 4a after the filling of the filling material 3 (this will be described in detail in FIG. 2).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the necessary number of tightening ropes 4 circulate around the deposition substrate unit 1 in the longitudinal and lateral directions, and the rope is deposited at least at one place (reference numeral 4b). The unit 1 is penetrated and the filling material is passed through the middle part and tightened. This is to prevent the filling material 3 from moving inside the bag net 2. In addition, the flexible bag net 2 also has a function of closely contacting the outer shape of the filling material 3. In a state in which the bag net 2 is in close contact with the filling material 3, a part of the filling material 3 may slightly protrude from the mesh of the bag mesh 2, but the effect of giving a micro topographic change that disturbs the flow is obtained. .

  FIGS. 2A and 2B show a method for producing the deposition substrate unit 1 shown in FIG. The flexible bag network 2 is formed in a bag shape in which a rectangular surface net material and a back surface net material are overlapped and the periphery is closed. FIG. 2A (A) is a view as seen from the back side, and an opening 2a extending between both ends in the central vertical direction is formed in the back side net material. The filling material 3 is filled from the opening 2a. When the filling material 3 is a bivalve, it is arranged so that the surface faces outward. In the embodiment, the filling material 3 is filled so that the whole becomes a flat shape with a predetermined thickness.

After filling the filling material 3, as shown in FIG. 2A (B), the closing rope 4a is passed along the opening 2a. For example, if there is no problem in filling the closing rope 4a through the mesh of the bag net 2 so as to sew both sides of the opening 2a, the closing rope 4a may be passed in advance before the filling material 3 is inserted. When passing the closing rope 4a through the mesh of the bag net 2, excessive slack of the bag net 2 is drawn toward the opening 2a (see the arrow), and the bag net 2 is pulled as a whole. The closing rope 4a is tied up above. Thereby, it will be in the state where in-plane tension was generated in the whole bag network 2, and will be in the state where bag network 2 elastically presses filling material 3 from the outside.
After closing the opening 2a in this way, the tightening rope 4 shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B) is further turned around a plurality of locations, and the filling material is further passed through the middle, and the bag net 2 Partially tighten the outer surface of the.
The material of the tightening rope 4 is provided with a strength that can withstand tension caused by tightening in addition to durability and strength suitable for use in water. For example, synthetic fiber, carbon fiber, steel cable, wire rope (including mixed products of fiber material and steel material), and the like.

FIGS. 2B (A) to 2 (D) are views showing a preferred method for fastening the fastening rope 4. The tightening rope 4 can be tensioned by twisting and tightening with the tightening bracket 49. As shown in the figure, the fastening bracket 49 may have various shapes such as a round bar shape, a U shape, a V shape, and an S shape. The fastening bracket 49 can be formed of, for example, a linear steel material. When the fastening fitting 49 is rotated as shown by the arrow, the fastening rope 4 hanging on the fastening fitting 49 is twisted together. The tightening rope 4 is tensioned and the bag net 2 is deformed inward, so that the in-plane tension of the bag net 2 is further increased. After applying an appropriate twist to the tightening rope 4, the tightening bracket 49 also serves as a stopper for stopping the return of the tightening rope 4. In the case of using a return stop stopper, the fastening bracket 49 can be laid on the bag net 2 and both ends thereof can be fixed (for example, wrapped or tied) to appropriate portions of the net.
By these fastening means, the bag net 2 and the filling material 3 are fixed so as to be integrated with each other. The filling material 3 does not move inside, and the gap between the filling materials 3 is also stabilized. The bag network 2 adheres along the outer shape of the filling material 3.

FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 3A shows an aggregate of stone materials used as the filling material 31, and FIG. 3B is an external plan view of the deposition substrate unit 1. The stone material is natural stone or crushed stone, and the particle size is set by the target organism and is assumed to be from several millimeters to a large human head. The manufacturing method is the same as the method shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, but unlike the bivalve, it does not need to be arranged in a specific direction.
Although not shown in the drawing, as another example of the inorganic solid material used as the filling material, inorganic fragments such as ceramics that are proved to be harmless may be used.

4A to 4D schematically show some examples of the overall shape of the deposition substrate unit 1 and the tightening method using the tightening rope 4 according to the present invention. An external perspective view and a lower view are sectional views. Actually, the filled filling material can be seen from the outside of the bag net, but the illustration is omitted (the same applies to FIG. 8 below).
FIG. 4A shows an embodiment having a flat overall shape that is substantially rectangular in plan view and has a predetermined thickness. The outer surface of the bag net 2 is fastened with fastening ropes 4 one by one in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the filling material is passed through the middle part at one central location, and is fastened and fixed (reference 4b).
FIG. 4B shows another example of a flat shape. It is tightened with two vertical and horizontal tightening ropes 4, and further, the filling material is passed through the middle at four locations and fixed fastened (reference numeral 4b).
FIG. 4C is an embodiment having a cylindrical overall shape. One end of the cylinder is an opening 2a. The two places around the cylinder are tightened with the tightening rope 4, and the filling material is passed through the middle so as to penetrate the cylinder shaft from the other end to the opening 2a, and is fastened and fixed (reference numeral 4b).
FIG. 4D shows another embodiment having a cylindrical overall shape. The three places around the cylinder are tightened with the tightening rope 4, and the filling material is passed through the middle so as to pass through the cylinder shaft from the other end to the opening 2a, and is fastened and fixed (reference numeral 4b).

  5A (A) and 5 (B) are diagrams showing another embodiment of the fixing means for fixing the bag net and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention. 5A (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 5A (B) is a schematic Y sectional view. The bag net 2 is filled with the filling material, and the opening is closed. Two upper round steels 45 are arranged on the upper surface of the bag net 2, and two lower round steels 47 are arranged in parallel on the lower surface. A tightening rope is hung around two places in the pair of the upper round steel 45 and the lower round steel 47 and is passed through the middle round (reference numeral 4b). The fastening fitting 46 is inserted into the gap between the upper round steel 45 and the fastening rope, and is rotated as indicated by an arrow to fasten the fastening rope. The fastening fitting 46 is L-shaped with a stopper projection 46a. After a moderate twist is applied to the tightening rope, the stopper projection 46a is hooked on the upper round steel 45 to be a detent.

5B (A) and 5 (B) are diagrams showing different embodiments of the fixing means for fixing the bag net and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention. The bag net is already filled with filling material and the opening is closed.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5B (A), a cross-shaped pressing tool 41 is placed on the surface of the deposition substrate unit 1 having a flat overall shape, and a bolt 42 is penetrated in the thickness direction at the center of the pressing tool 41. The nuts 44 are tightened and fixed through a support plate 43 in contact with the center of the back surface.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5B (B), three circular pressing members (corresponding to washers of the bolts 42) 41 are arranged at equal intervals on the surface of the deposition substrate unit 1, and each of the pressing members 41 has a thickness of the bolt 42. It is fastened and fixed to a bolt hole 43a drilled in a support plate 43 that is penetrated in the direction and abutted so as to support the entire back surface.

5C (A) and 5 (B) are diagrams showing another embodiment of the fixing means for fixing the bag net and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 5C (A) is an external perspective view before tightening, and FIG. 5C (B) is an external perspective view after tightening. The bag net 2 is already filled with the filling material, and the opening is closed.
As shown to FIG. 5C (A), it arrange | positions so that the bag net | network 2 may be inserted | pinched from an upper side and a lower side with a pair of steel lattice frames 48a and 48b. The tightening ropes are hung around the four corners of the steel lattice frames 48a and 48b. In the illustrated example, a U-shaped fastening bracket 49 shown in FIG. 2B (B) is inserted into the gap between the upper steel lattice frame 48a and the fastening rope 4, and the fastening rope 4 is rotated by rotating it. The tightening rope 4 is narrowed down and twisted by twisting. Thereby, the steel lattice frames 48a and 48b are brought close to each other, the bag net 2 is pressed from above and below, and the bag net 2 is tensioned. In addition, as shown with a broken line in FIG. 5C (B), another deposition substrate unit 1 can be adjacently connected.

  The above-described deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention can construct a floating larva-growing structure 10 by arranging and connecting a plurality of the deposition substrate units 1 so as to contact each other. 6A to 6C below show an example of a fixing method of the floating larva growing structure 10 according to the present invention, and an appropriate fixing method can be selected depending on the type of water bottom.

6A (A) to 6 (C) show a fixing method in the case of sand mud sediment.
In FIG. 6A (A), first, a rope 5 is stretched on the bottom of the water, and a plurality of deposition substrate units 1 are arranged on the rope 5 and connected to the rope 5, respectively, and adjacent units are also connected (reference numeral 5a). ). Anchors 8 such as fishing hook nails are attached to both ends of the rope 5. A net may be laid instead of the rope 5.
In FIG. 6A (B), it replaces with the nail | claw anchor of FIG.
In FIG. 6A (C), a soft ground net (sink prevention net) 7 is laid, and a plurality of deposition substrate units 1 are arranged on the net 7 and connected to the net 7 respectively, and adjacent units are also connected to each other. . Anchors 8 such as claw anchors are attached to the four corners of the soft ground net 7.

FIG. 6B (A) shows a fixing method shared with bedrock and sand mud. A rope 5 or a net is stretched on the bottom of the water, and a plurality of deposition substrate units 1 are arranged in close contact with each other on the surface, and are stacked in a vertical direction so as to form a plurality of steps. This is an example of a fixing method using weight.
FIG. 6B (B) shows an example of a method for fixing a steel anchor pin on a rock. When the anchor pin 73 is used, the head ring of the anchor pin 73 and the deposition substrate unit may be connected by a rope or the like. When fixing the anchor pin 73 to the rock mass, first, the rock mass is drilled by a necessary depth (reference numeral 70). In one method, the anchor pin 73 is pushed in after filling the hole with the adhesive 71. In another method, after the anchor pin 73 is pushed into the hole, the gap with the hole wall is filled with sand by impact vibration. This is an example of a fixing method using frictional resistance.

FIGS. 6C (A) and 6 (B) show fixing methods on the boulder seabed.
In FIG. 6C (A), the deposition substrate unit 1 using a relatively large bag net is installed so as to be fitted into the gap between the boulders 75 that are natural stones. This is also an example of a fixing method using the frictional resistance obtained between the weight and the topography of the seabed.
FIG. 6C (B) shows a method in which the deposition substrate unit 1 is placed in close contact with the water bottom between the boulders 75, and a stoned 76 is further placed thereon. This is also an example of a fixing method using weight.

FIG. 7 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of the floating larva growing structure 10 to which the fixing method in the case of sand mud bottom is applied.
In the example shown in the figure, twelve deposition substrate units 1 are juxtaposed on the bottom G in a plane shape of 3 rows × 4 rows. Each deposition substrate unit 1 is in contact with the adjacent one on the side surface. A pair of weight rods 6 are placed along the outer surface of the three deposition substrate units 1 in a row located at both ends. The weight rod 6 is, for example, a steel rod. An anchor 8 for fishing is attached to the weight rod 6, and is thereby fixed to the bottom G.

  Further, for the four deposition substrate units 1 arranged in a row, one connection rope 5 is joined to a reinforcing rope provided at the end of the bag net of each unit 1, thereby four units 1 in a row. Are connected to each other. In the illustrated example, a total of three connecting ropes 5 are used. Both ends 5 a of each connecting rope 5 are fixed to each weight rod 6. As a result, the entire 12 deposition substrate units 1 are connected together. In addition, the Example of the connection rope 5 is not restricted to the example of illustration, A various connection system is possible. An extra length may be given to the tightening rope of each unit 1 and it may be used as a connection rope with the adjacent unit 1.

FIG. 8 is an external perspective view showing another embodiment of the floating larva growing structure 10 to which the fixing method in the case of sand mud bottom is applied.
A difference from the embodiment of FIG. 7 is that a steel frame 9 is provided instead of the weight rod, and 12 deposition substrate units 1 are accommodated therein. Both ends 5 a of the connecting rope 5 are fixed to the holes 9 a of the steel frame 9. The steel frame 9 is fixed to the water bottom G by a fishery anchor 8 attached to the outer surface thereof. By connecting the plurality of steel frames 9 one after another, the floating larva growing structure 10 can be expanded in the horizontal direction. Although not shown, the steel frame may have a three-dimensional bowl shape.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a situation after a predetermined period has elapsed after the deposition substrate unit 1 according to the present invention (the embodiment of the stone filling shown in FIG. 3B) is installed on the bottom G. The diatom 20 grows over the entire outer surface of the deposition substrate unit 1 (a schematic diagram of a filamentous body and is not shown in the figure for a single-cell diatom). The diatom 20 proliferates to promote the deposition and growth of animal floating larvae.

  Although not shown, another embodiment of the structure for raising floating larvae according to the present invention will be given. First, a plurality of stone-filled deposition substrate units are laid out in a plane, and a deposition substrate unit containing a shell is attached to a key point above the unit. Thereby, not only the change of filling material but also the topographic change of the bottom of the water can be fixed by providing the stone and shell deposition substrate unit. Therefore, it is possible to replace artificial seedlings with seedlings that are very close to natural origin by artificially depositing floating larvae on this shell substrate and then moving them to a predetermined location, reducing production costs such as intermediate breeding. It becomes possible.

(A) is the external appearance top view of one Example of the deposition substrate unit by this invention, (B) is the schematic of the X cross section of (A). (C) is sectional drawing of the shell which comprises the filling material in the Example of (A). 2 shows a method for producing the deposition substrate unit of FIG. (A) is before closing the opening, and (B) is after closing the opening. (A)-(D) is a figure showing a tightening method of a tightening rope with a tightening bracket. It is another Example of the deposition substrate unit 1 by this invention, (A) shows the aggregate | assembly of the stone material used as a filling material, (B) is an external appearance top view of a deposition substrate unit. (A)-(D) are the external appearance perspective views which show some examples roughly about the whole shape of the deposition substrate unit by this invention, and the fastening method by a fastening rope. (A) (B) is a figure which shows another Example about the fixing means which fixes the bag net | network and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit by this invention. (A) (B) is a figure which shows another Example about the fixing means which fixes the bag net | network and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit by this invention. (A) (B) is a figure which shows another Example about the fixing means which fixes the bag net | network and the filling material of the deposition substrate unit by this invention. (A)-(C) are the external appearance perspective views which show the example of the fixing method of the structure for raising floating larvae using the deposition substrate unit. (A) and (B) are the external appearance perspective views which show the example of the fixing method of the structure for raising floating larvae using the deposition substrate unit. (A) and (B) are the external appearance perspective views which show the example of the fixing method of the structure for raising floating larvae using the deposition substrate unit. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the Example of the structure for floating larva growth using the deposition substrate unit. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows another Example of the structure for floating larva growth using a deposition substrate unit. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which diatoms are grown after the deposition substrate unit filled with the stone material shown in FIG. 3 is installed on the bottom of the water. It is an example of the prior art of the deposition substrate unit which filled the deposition substrate with the permeable container and made it into one unit.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deposition substrate unit 1a Unit surface 1b Unit back surface 2 Bag net 2a Opening 3 Filling material (shell)
3a Shell surface 3b Shell back surface 31 Filling material (stone)
4 Tightening rope 4a Closing rope 4b Middle splitting part 48a, 48b Steel lattice frame 46 Tightening bracket (with stopper projection)
49 Fastening bracket 5 Connecting rope 6 Weight rod 7 Soft ground net 73 Anchor pin 8 Anchor (fishing anchor or sand mud bottom anchor)
9 Steel frame 9a Rope hole 10 Biological structure 20 Diatom G Water bottom 100 Deposition substrate unit 102 Net case 103 Filling material (shell)
103a shell surface 103b shell shell back

Claims (6)

In the deposition substrate unit (1) used as a substrate for depositing floating larvae,
A flexible bag net (2) in which a net having a mesh of a predetermined size is formed into a bag shape;
A filling material (3, 31) filled in the bag net, comprising an aggregate of inorganic solids having a size that does not fall off the mesh,
In order to prevent the movement of the filling material inside the bag net, the bag net is fastened to each other by tightening the bag net in a state where in-plane tension is generated in the whole bag net. A fastening means for fixing ,
The deposition substrate unit, wherein the tightening means is a rope which circulates around the outer surface of the bag net and penetrates the inside of the bag net and is tensioned. In the deposition substrate unit (1) used as a substrate for depositing floating larvae,
A flexible bag net (2) in which a net having a mesh of a predetermined size is formed into a bag shape;
A filling material (3, 31) filled in the bag net, comprising an aggregate of inorganic solids having a size that does not fall off the mesh,
Tightening means for tightening the bag net to prevent movement of the filling material inside the bag net,
The tightening means includes a pair of steel lattice frames that sandwich the bag net, and a rope that is stretched between and tensioned between the pair of steel lattice frames so as to approach each other. Deposition substrate unit. Said inorganic solids are filled in shells (3) or shells crushed material a is and the surface (3a) of convex shape in each of the shell or the shell crushed material outward Fukuroami (2) The deposition substrate unit according to claim 1 or 2.   3. The deposition substrate unit according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic solid material is a stone (31). A floating larva growing structure (10) formed using a plurality of the deposition substrate units according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A structure for raising floating larvae, characterized in that adjacent deposition substrate units are in contact with each other and are arranged in a plane.   6. The floating larva growing structure according to claim 5, further comprising a steel frame surrounding the entirety of the plurality of deposition substrate units.

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