JP5178762B2 - Section attribute assigning apparatus, method, and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to coordinate processing in map display.

  When performing map display such as navigation on a computer, each road is formatted according to the purpose of data processing such as route search and map display, etc. Lines such as links that represent road sections, nodes that represent intersections and inflection points, etc. It is expressed by the data defined by the coordinate points. For coordinates obtained as numerical values of latitude and longitude with GPS or the like, the line segment represented by the data as described above, that is, which road among the roads specifically corresponds to, or has a certain attribute Geographic attributes such as whether they are included in the range are determined, and processing such as map display is performed.

  As an example of a technique for performing the above-described determination in real-time navigation processing, a buffer determination that determines whether or not a certain road or the like is within a buffer area that represents an error range provided around the target road ( For example, in addition to Patent Document 1, there is so-called map matching in which a perpendicular line is drawn on each nearby road, and the nearest road is specified by the shortness.

JP 2009-150663 A

  On the other hand, when trying to easily perform attribute determination for each part of the coordinate sequence with a limited processing load, such as when displaying a map of coordinate sequences such as GPS logs later, the above buffer determination and map matching However, there is a problem that a large amount of detailed data is required for each road and the processing load is large. In particular, the buffer determination has a problem that erroneous determination occurs when there are a plurality of roads in the buffer area, and the map matching has a problem that a calculation load such as perpendicular calculation and comparison is particularly large.

  Also, in the past, when obtaining the altitude as part of the attribute from the position coordinates, the altitude information contained in the map data was used, so the altitude at the tunnel part is not inside the tunnel but the surface such as the mountain through which the tunnel passes There was also a problem that would become the altitude.

  An object of the present invention to solve the above problem is to easily associate a geographic attribute with a coordinate string with excellent accuracy without using road data for map matching.

  Based on the above object, one aspect (1) of the present invention is a section attribute assigning device that assigns a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence, and each of the geographical attributes has a plurality of reference standards for a corresponding region. Attribute storage means for storing polyline data representing position information of feature points in advance, input receiving means for accepting input of a target coordinate sequence, and decision line setting for setting decision lines passing through feature points of the polyline data An attribute for determining whether a segment connecting each coordinate included in the coordinate sequence intersects the determination line for each portion of the means and the given coordinate sequence, and whether it is located in an area corresponding to the geographical attribute It is characterized by having a judging means and an attribute assigning means for giving the geographical attribute determined to be located in a corresponding area for each part of the coordinate sequence.

  In another aspect (5) of the present invention, the above aspect is captured by a method category, and polyline data representing position information of a plurality of feature points is stored in advance as a reference for a corresponding region for each geographical attribute. A computer having the attribute storage means is a section attribute assigning method for assigning a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence, wherein the computer receives an input of a target coordinate sequence, and the computer includes: A determination line setting step for setting a determination line passing through the feature point of the polyline data, and a line segment connecting each coordinate included in the coordinate sequence intersects the determination line for each portion of the given coordinate sequence. Attribute determination step for determining whether or not the computer is located in the region corresponding to the geographical attribute, and determining that the computer is positioned in the corresponding region for each part of the coordinate sequence Characterized in that it comprises an attribute imparting step of imparting the geographic attributes, the.

  Another aspect (6) of the present invention is a section attribute assignment program in which any one of the above aspects is captured by a category of a computer program, and for each geographical attribute, positional information of a plurality of feature points as a reference for a corresponding region. Is a computer program for giving a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence by controlling a computer having attribute storage means for storing polyline data representing in advance, the computer providing the target coordinate sequence Is input, and the computer is caused to set a determination line that passes through the feature point of the polyline data, and the computer includes a line segment that connects each coordinate included in the coordinate sequence for each portion of the given coordinate sequence. Whether or not it intersects the determination line determines whether it is located in an area corresponding to a geographical attribute, and causes the computer to Each in, characterized thereby imparting the geographic attributes determined to be located in the corresponding area.

  As described above, according to the present invention, for each geographical attribute such as a curved tunnel or a section where the cherry blossoms are beautiful, the corresponding area is represented by a polyline of feature points (both ends, inflection points, etc.), that is, a polygonal line. For each part, if the judgment line extending from each feature point on both sides intersects the line connecting each coordinate of the coordinate sequence, the corresponding geographic attribute is given, so that there is no map matching road data. It is possible to associate the target attribute with excellent accuracy.

  According to another aspect (2) of the present invention, in any one of the above aspects, the attribute determining means determines whether or not the portion of the coordinate sequence corresponds to a road section as the geographical attribute. And

  As described above, by simply determining whether or not a coordinate sequence corresponds to a road section such as a road, a tunnel, or a bridge, map display of the coordinate sequence and navigation processing can be easily realized with a small load.

  According to another aspect (3) of the present invention, in any one of the above aspects, the map data storage means that stores map data including the altitude for each place, and the portion where the geographical attribute is determined to be a tunnel, And altitude calculating means for obtaining altitudes at both ends of the tunnel from the map data and calculating the altitude of each part in the tunnel from the altitudes at both ends.

  In this way, the altitude of the tunnel section can also be calculated from the altitudes at both ends of the tunnel, so that it is possible to avoid the elevation of mountains, and accurate information processing is possible regardless of the application such as three-dimensional display and distance calculation. It becomes.

  According to another aspect (4) of the present invention, in any one of the above aspects, the attribute determining means passes the feature point when there is a missing part of the coordinate sequence corresponding to a part of the feature point. Extend the decision line from normal and obtain the intersection of the extended lines extending from the front and back of the missing part, and respond to geographical attributes depending on whether the extended line to the intersection intersects the extended decision line It is characterized by determining whether it is located in the area.

  In this way, even if there is a missing part in the coordinate string due to GPS radio wave disruption in the tunnel, the extension line is extended from the front and back parts to the intersection, the missing part is supplemented, and the judgment line in the middle is also extended from normal, By determining the geographical attribute based on the presence or absence of the intersection of the extended lines, it can be used under various conditions.

  It should be noted that a category (method for the apparatus, program for the method, etc.) different from each of the above-described modes and more specific modes described below are also included in the present invention. For different categories, “means” shall be appropriately read as “step”.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily associate a geographic attribute with a coordinate sequence with excellent accuracy without road data for map matching.

The functional block diagram which shows the structure of embodiment of this invention. The figure which illustrates the information (data) used by embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the polyline data generation in embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the polyline data generation in embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the polyline data generation in embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the polyline data generation in embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the process sequence in embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the judgment example of the intersection in embodiment of this invention. The conceptual diagram which shows the judgment example of the intersection in embodiment of this invention.

  Next, modes for carrying out the present invention (referred to as “embodiments”) will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that assumptions common to those already described in the background art and problems are omitted as appropriate.

[1. Constitution〕
As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment relates to a section attribute assigning apparatus 1 (hereinafter referred to as “this apparatus 1” or “this apparatus”) that assigns a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence.
[1-1. (Schematic configuration)
First, the present apparatus 1 is a server device that communicates with a terminal T via a communication network N (Internet, mobile phone network, in-house network, etc.), receives a coordinate sequence transmitted from the terminal T used by a user, and receives the coordinates. It is displayed on the map together with attributes such as road names that have passed through the columns. Note that the terminal T is an information processing device such as a personal computer (PC), a smartphone, a mobile phone terminal device, or a navigation device, and FIG. 1 schematically shows one, but there may be many.

  The device 1 has a general computer configuration, for example, an arithmetic control unit 6 such as a CPU, a storage device 7 such as an external storage device (HDD or the like) or a main memory, and a communication means 8 ( For example, a LAN adapter). Then, a predetermined computer program (not shown) stored (installed) in advance in the storage device 7 controls the arithmetic control unit 6 so that elements (11, 12, 14, 16, etc.) shown in FIG. Is realized. Of these elements, the information storage means can be realized in any format such as various files, databases (also referred to as “DB”), variables such as arrays, various stacks, registers, and system setting values in the storage device 7 or the like.

[1-2. Attribute storage means]
Among such storage means, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), the attribute storage means 11 has a plurality of reference areas corresponding to each geographical attribute (simply referred to as “attribute”). This is means for previously storing polyline data ("feature point coordinates" in the figure) representing the position information of feature points. Examples of geographical attributes include a road segment such as a road segment (such as a tunnel, a bridge, or a section where cherry blossoms are beautiful) It may be determined freely, such as altitude. The polyline data is composed of a plurality of feature points, and can be extracted from, for example, a shape-constituting point sequence that is road structure data such as map display vector data by the following algorithm.

  Here, an example for explaining the algorithm is shown in FIG. In this example, based on the road structure data defined by the shape composition point sequences P1 to P5, polyline data representing a tunnel ("XX tunnel") having a section sandwiched between substantially horseshoe shapes in the figure as both ends is shown. To get. In the procedure of this algorithm, first, as the first step, the start point and end point (for example, P1 and P5 in the example of FIG. 3) of the polyline are used as feature points. The feature points are represented by stars as shown in FIG.

  Subsequently, as a second step (FIG. 4), a straight line (L0) is assumed between adjacent feature points (P1 and P5), and each of the shape component point sequences (P2, P3, P4) between these feature points is assumed. Of these, the distance D from the straight line (L0), that is, the length of the perpendicular line (shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 4) down to the straight line L0 is the maximum and exceeds the predetermined threshold (may be “larger” instead of “more”) A point is extracted as a new feature point (P3 in the example of FIG. 4), and this second step is repeated until no new feature point is extracted.

  For example, after the point P3 becomes a new feature point (FIG. 5), the length (distance) between the adjacent feature points P1 and P3 and the perpendicular line X between the point P2 and the new straight line L0 is the predetermined threshold value. If the value is less than, the point P2 does not become a feature point, and if the point P4 is also the same, polyline data of feature points P1-P3-P5 will be obtained (indicated by a thick solid line in FIG. 6).

  It should be noted that means for generating polyline data by this algorithm, processing steps, and the like may be included in the present invention to reduce the load of preparing polyline data in advance. However, the above algorithm is only a simple example, and any other algorithm may be used.

[1-3. Map data storage means]
Further, the map data storage means 12 is means for storing map data including the altitude for each place, and the contents thereof may be the same as in the prior art, and are omitted here. Data, route search link and node data, facility search data, and the like may also be included. The spatial index storage means 13 is a means for storing a spatial index for associating geographic attributes existing in or around the mesh grid for each mesh grid that divides regions such as the whole country vertically and horizontally. is there.

As mesh grid, regional mesh (http://www.stat.go.jp/data/mesh/pdf/gaiyo1.pdf), Geohash (http://geohash.org/site/tips.html) and other arbitrary Other mesh grids may be used. The criteria for associating geographic attributes with such mesh grids are also free, but as an example, a mesh grid that includes at least a polyline of polyline data corresponding to the geographic attributes, or a minimum that includes a polyline A mesh grid including at least a part of the rectangle (MBR: minimum bounding rectangle) may be associated with the geographical attribute.
Each means other than the storage means is a processing means for realizing and executing the following information processing functions and operations.

[2. Action)
In the present apparatus 1 configured as described above, for each portion of the given coordinate sequence, it is determined whether it is located in an area corresponding to the geographical attribute, and if it is located in that area, the geographical attribute is given An example of the procedure is shown in the flowchart of FIG.

[2-1. (Overview of action)
As an overview of the processing procedure of FIG. 7, the input receiving unit 14 receives an input of a target coordinate sequence (step S11) and stores the input in a predetermined coordinate sequence storage unit 15. Thereafter, the coordinate sequence is stored in the coordinate sequence storage unit. 15 is read and referred to. The attribute determination unit 16 selects an attribute to be determined from the attribute storage unit 11 based on the coordinate sequence (step S12), the selected attribute (steps S13 to S25), and the given coordinates. For each combination of the column portion and (Steps 15 to S20), it is determined whether or not it is located in the area corresponding to the attribute (Steps S16 to S19).

For this determination, the determination line setting means 17 sets a determination line passing through the feature point of the polyline data (step S14), and the attribute determination means 16 determines that the line segment connecting the coordinates included in the coordinate sequence is the determination line. It is determined whether or not the portion of the coordinate string is located in an area corresponding to the attribute depending on whether or not they intersect (step S18). And the attribute provision means 18 provides the attribute judged to be located in the area corresponding to every part of a coordinate row | line | column, and corresponding to an attribute (steps S21-S24).
More specific description will be given below.

[2-2. (Selecting the attribute to be judged)
More specifically, first, the attribute determination unit 16 selects an attribute to be determined based on the input coordinate sequence (step S11) (step S12), for example, included in the coordinate sequence. The mesh grid including at least one of the coordinates (and a neighboring mesh grid such as adjacent to the mesh grid may be included) is associated with the spatial index stored in the spatial index storage unit 13 The selected attribute may be selected. Then, the following processing is repeated for each attribute selected as described above (from step S13) (up to step S25).

[2-3. Set flag based on judgment of intersection)
First, the determination line setting unit 17 sets a determination line for each feature point included in the polyline data corresponding to the attribute (step S14). For example, in the example of FIG. 8, there are two road sections (attributes) passing through points P1 and P5, one of which is a road section “XX tunnel”, whose feature points are P1, P3, and P5, and the corresponding decision lines are L1, L3 and L5. The other is the road section “ΔΔ view line”, whose feature points are P1, P6, P7 and P5, and whose decision lines are L1, L6, L7 and L5.

  Subsequently, the attribute determination means 16 repeats the determination as to whether the line segment intersects the determination line for each line segment between the coordinates from end to end of the given coordinate sequence as follows (steps S15 to S20). Until). Note that the attribute determination means 16 is shown in FIG. 9 for the missing portion of the coordinate sequence corresponding to some of the feature points (step S16: “YES”) as in the case where GPS did not work in the tunnel portion. As described later (explained later), the judgment line passing through the feature point is extended from the normal, and the intersection of the extension line extended from before and after the missing part is obtained, and the part up to the intersection of each extension line is used as a substitute for the line segment. (Step S17).

  Then, the attribute determination unit 16 determines whether or not the line segment intersects with the determination line (for the missing portion, whether or not the portion of the extension line up to the intersection of the extension lines intersects with the extended determination line. In step S18, it is determined whether the coordinate string of the portion is located in an area corresponding to the attribute. The algorithm for determining the intersection (so-called line segment intersection determination) is free. For example, when the product of the outer product values of the end points of the other line segment is negative when viewed from one line segment, The methods described in JP-A-5-12399 and JP-A-2003-085568 are known. If they intersect (step S18: “YES”), a predetermined intersection flag is set for the determination line (step S19).

  For example, the dashed curve illustrated in FIG. 8 illustrates a coordinate string when there is no missing portion, and the attribute determining unit 16 determines the determination lines L1, L3, and L5 for the line segments that constitute the coordinate string. And the corresponding intersection flag is set. On the other hand, the coordinate string (broken line) illustrated in FIG. 9 has a missing portion between the feature points P1 and P5 as compared to FIG. 8, and the attribute determining unit 16 determines the determination line for the feature point P3 corresponding to this missing portion. Is the determination line LL3 extended from the normal, and of the extended lines E1 and E5 (one-dot chain lines) extended from before and after the missing part, the part up to the intersection K is used as a substitute for the line segment and intersects with the determination line LL3 Judging. In the example of FIG. 9, it is determined that the extension line E5 intersects the determination line LL3, and an intersection flag corresponding to the feature point P3 is also set.

[2-4. Attribute assignment based on flag judgment)
After the above repetition (steps S15 to S20), the attribute assigning unit 18 sets an attribute in the corresponding part of the coordinate sequence if the set intersection flag satisfies a predetermined condition (step S21: “YES”). (Step S22). For example, FIG. 2B illustrates data such as an intersection flag stored in an appropriate work area for the road segment ID (“00125” “03249”...) Having the attribute selected as the determination target. .

  In this example, for the intersection flag for each determination line (for example, L1, L3,...), The initial value “0” is set based on the intersection determination and changed to “1”. For an attribute whose intersection flag satisfies a predetermined condition (for example, road section ID (“00125”)), “1” (true) is set in the “attribute determination result” column. This means that there is a passage, that is, an attribute is assigned to the section, but the specific retention mode of the assigned attribute and its related information is free.

  The predetermined conditions for attribute assignment as described above may be freely determined according to the type of attribute. For example, for a tunnel, it is generally considered that the condition is that intersection flags are set for all feature points including both ends. On the other hand, for attributes such as sections where cherry blossoms can be seen beautifully, such as sections that can be entered and exited at intersections on the way, if some of the intersection flags of a plurality of feature points are set, attributes should be given to that part. Is considered appropriate.

[2-5. (Calculation of tunnel elevation and map display)
For the portion where the attribute assigned as described above is a tunnel (step S23: “YES”), the altitude calculation means 19 obtains the altitudes at both ends of the tunnel from the map data stored in the map data storage means 12. Calculate the altitude of each part in the tunnel from the altitudes at both ends. As a simple example, if the tunnel penetrates a mountain with an altitude of 500m and the altitudes at both ends are 100m and 120m, the altitude of the intermediate point in the tunnel is

(100m + 120m) / 2 = 110m

Thus, it is possible to avoid a situation where the altitude of the intermediate point is 500 m.

  Based on the attributes given above, in relation to roads and coordinate strings, names of roads, tunnels, bridges, etc., elevation, three-dimensional display based on elevation, sightseeing and scenic spots such as sections where the cherry blossoms are beautiful Guidance information and other necessary information can be used for map display.

[3. effect〕
In the present embodiment, as described above, for each geographical attribute such as a curved tunnel or a section with beautiful cherry blossoms, the corresponding area is represented by a polyline of feature points (both ends, inflection points, etc.), that is, a polygonal line, If the decision line extending from each feature point on both sides and the line connecting the coordinates in the coordinate sequence intersect each other (for example, FIG. 8), by assigning a corresponding geographical attribute, coordinates without road data for map matching can be obtained. Geographic attributes can be associated with columns with excellent accuracy.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, as described above, it is easy to determine whether a coordinate sequence corresponds to a road section such as a road, a tunnel, a bridge, etc. Can be realized easily.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the altitude of the tunnel section can also be calculated by calculating from the altitudes at both ends of the tunnel, so that the altitude of the mountain can be avoided, and applications such as three-dimensional display and distance calculation can be avoided. Regardless, accurate information processing is possible.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as described above, even if there is a missing part in the coordinate sequence due to the GPS radio wave interruption in the tunnel, the extension line is extended from the front and back parts to the intersection, and the missing part is complemented. The determination line is also extended more than usual, and the use under various conditions is possible by determining the geographical attribute based on whether or not the extended lines intersect (for example, FIG. 9).

[4. Other embodiments]
In addition, said each embodiment is only an illustration, and this invention includes what is illustrated below and other embodiment other than that. For example, in the above embodiment (FIG. 7), the determination line is set in advance (step S14) prior to the repetition of the intersection determination for each line segment (steps S15 to S20) (step S14). It may be at the time of judging the intersection with the minute (step S18). In addition, a reference in the process of obtaining polyline data (for example, a predetermined threshold serving as a determination criterion for the distance D illustrated in FIG. 4) and a length of a determination line used for determination of intersection are given as types of coordinate strings (for example, Depending on whether it is a GPS log or a route search result, an appropriate processing result can be obtained without useless processing load.

  In addition, each element such as means may be realized by other information processing mechanisms such as an electronic circuit based on a wired logic or the like without being limited to an arithmetic control unit of a computer. Further, each configuration diagram, data diagram, flowchart diagram, and the like are merely examples, and the presence / absence of each element, its order, specific contents, and the like can be changed as appropriate. For example, the apparatus can take a stand-alone configuration. In addition, the apparatus described in the above embodiment may be realized by using a plurality of apparatuses such as servers, and a configuration in which each storage unit is realized by a separate and independent server apparatus or system is also common. Depending on the function, the configuration can be flexibly changed, for example, by calling an external platform or the like with an API (application program interface) or network computing (so-called cloud or the like).

D distance E1, E5 extension line K intersection point L0 straight line L1, L3 judgment line LL3 extended judgment line N communication network P1-P5 point T terminal X perpendicular 1 section attribute assigning device 6 arithmetic control unit 7 storage device 8 communication means 11 attribute Storage means 12 Map data storage means 13 Spatial index storage means 14 Input reception means 15 Coordinate string storage means 16 Attribute determination means 17 Determination line setting means 18 Attribute assignment means 19 Elevation calculation means

Claims (6)

A section attribute assigning device for assigning a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence,
Attribute storage means for storing in advance polyline data representing position information of a plurality of feature points as a reference for a corresponding region for each geographical attribute;
An input receiving means for receiving an input of a target coordinate sequence;
Determination line setting means for setting a determination line passing through the feature point of the polyline data;
Attribute determination means for determining whether a segment connecting each coordinate included in the coordinate sequence intersects the determination line for each portion of the given coordinate sequence and whether the segment is located in an area corresponding to the geographical attribute; ,
Attribute giving means for giving the geographical attribute determined to be located in the corresponding region for each part of the coordinate sequence;
A section attribute assigning device characterized by comprising:   The section attribute assigning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the attribute determination unit determines whether or not the portion of the coordinate sequence corresponds to a road section as the geographical attribute. Map data storage means storing map data including the altitude for each place;
Elevation calculation means for obtaining the altitude at both ends of the tunnel from the map data, and calculating the altitude for each part in the tunnel from the altitudes at both ends, for the portion where the geographical attribute is determined to be a tunnel,
The section attribute assigning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising:   When there is a missing portion of the coordinate sequence corresponding to some of the feature points, the attribute judging means extends the judgment line that passes through the feature points from the normal and extends from the front and back of the missing portion. And determining whether the extension line to the intersection is located in an area corresponding to a geographical attribute based on whether or not the extended determination line intersects with the extended determination line. The section attribute provision apparatus as described in any one of. A section in which a computer having attribute storage means that stores in advance polyline data representing positional information of a plurality of feature points as a reference of a corresponding region for each geographical attribute assigns a geographical attribute to a given coordinate sequence An attribute assignment method,
An input receiving step in which the computer receives an input of a target coordinate sequence;
A determination line setting step in which a computer sets a determination line passing through the feature point of the polyline data;
An attribute for the computer to determine, for each part of a given coordinate sequence, whether or not a line segment connecting the coordinates included in the coordinate sequence intersects the determination line and is located in an area corresponding to the geographical attribute A decision step;
An attribute assigning step in which the computer assigns the geographical attribute determined to be located in a corresponding region for each part of the coordinate sequence;
A section attribute assigning method characterized by including: For each geographical attribute, a geographical attribute is assigned to a given coordinate sequence by controlling a computer having attribute storage means that stores in advance polyline data representing positional information of a plurality of feature points as a reference for the corresponding region. A computer program for granting
Let the computer accept the input of the target coordinate sequence,
Let the computer set a decision line that passes through the feature points of the polyline data,
Let the computer determine, for each part of a given coordinate sequence, whether or not a line segment connecting the coordinates included in the coordinate sequence intersects with the determination line, and is located in an area corresponding to a geographic attribute. ,
A section attribute assigning program that causes the computer to assign the geographical attribute determined to be located in a corresponding region for each portion of a coordinate sequence.

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