JP5179727B2 - Elevator control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator control device that can perform energy-saving operation of an elevator and includes a power storage device.

  Conventional elevator control devices include a rectifier that rectifies AC power and converts it into DC power, an inverter that converts DC power into AC power of variable voltage and variable frequency, a DC bus that connects the rectifier and the inverter, and a variable An electric motor that drives the elevator with AC power having a variable voltage frequency, a controller that determines the start and stop of the elevator, creates its position command and speed command, a current detection device that detects the current on the output side of the inverter, Based on the position detection and speed commands from the encoder that detects the speed of the hoist driven by the motor, and the current feedback from the current detection device and the speed feedback from the encoder, the motor is driven to rotate. Inverter control circuit that controls the position and speed of the elevator, and the output voltage and frequency of the inverter are controlled The gate drive circuit, the required power calculation circuit for calculating the required power of the elevator, and the DC power from the DC bus during regenerative operation of the elevator based on the signal from the required power calculation circuit, connected in parallel between the DC bus And a plurality of power storage devices for supplying the DC power stored during the power running operation of the elevator to the DC bus (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  According to this elevator control device, the number of power storage devices corresponding to the elevator capacity can be used without restriction, and all regenerative power generated in a larger capacity elevator can be charged without being wasted. It can be reused to realize a high energy saving effect, meet the demand for reduction of power consumption at the time of peak power demand, and reduce the electricity cost, thereby reducing the operating power cost.

JP 2003-329552 A

The number of series connection of one set of storage battery groups in one power storage device is set to be lower than the voltage output by the rectifier, and when the required battery capacity is not satisfied only by this series connection, a plurality of sets The storage battery group is used. In order to charge the regenerative power to the storage battery, it must be continuously used in a charged state that is not fully charged, so there is a problem that an inactive substance is generated inside the storage battery and the apparent battery capacity of the storage battery is reduced.
Thus, the battery capacity can be prevented from decreasing by once charging the power storage device to a fully charged state. However, when constant current charging is performed with multiple battery groups connected in parallel, the charging current flowing through each battery group varies due to variations in the impedance of each battery group, and some of the battery groups reach overcharge. come.
Thus, in this elevator control device, there is a problem that it is difficult to charge the storage battery uniformly and with sufficient power to the storage battery.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator control device that can easily charge a storage battery uniformly with sufficient power.

The elevator control apparatus according to the present invention converts alternating current power during powering operation of the elevator and converts the direct current power output to the direct current bus into alternating current power of variable voltage and variable frequency to drive the motor and regenerative operation of the elevator Sometimes the regenerative power generated by the motor is converted into DC power and output to the DC bus and the DC power of the DC bus is charged during the regenerative operation of the elevator, and the DC charged during the power running operation of the elevator In an elevator control device including a power storage device that discharges power to a DC bus, the power storage device includes a power storage device that charges and discharges DC power, a charging power source that outputs DC power for charging, and the power storage A charge / discharge circuit that charges / discharges DC power to / from the device, and the power storage device is operated during the powering operation or the regenerative operation. A plurality of storage batteries connected in parallel when charging / discharging with the DC bus, and connected in series when charging with the DC power for charging in a state not during the power running operation and the regenerative operation It possesses a group, and switching means for switching connection of said plurality of storage batteries group, the said switching means comprises a parallel connection switch group that connects the respective positive terminal, respectively and the negative terminal of the plurality of storage batteries groups, each said A switch group for series connection that connects a negative electrode of the storage battery group different from the positive electrode of the storage battery group, and a switch control means that opens and closes the parallel connection switch group and the series connection switch group without simultaneously closing the switch group; The switch control means includes the switch group for parallel connection and the series unless the charge / discharge circuit is disconnected from the DC bus and the power supply for charging. It is a matter that can not open and close control of the connection switch group.

  The effect of the elevator control device according to the present invention is that a plurality of storage battery groups are connected in series during equal charging, and a plurality of storage battery groups are connected in parallel during regenerative operation or power running of the elevator. Since the battery can be charged uniformly without overvoltage, the battery capacity can be prevented from decreasing.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an elevator to which an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
The elevator control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention controls the position and speed of a riding cage 4 connected to a rope 3 suspended on a hoisting machine 2 driven by an electric motor 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, this elevator control device converts the AC power supplied from the AC power source 5 into AC power having a variable voltage and variable frequency to drive the electric motor 1, and the elevator A power storage device 7 that stores DC power from the power conversion device 6 during regenerative operation and supplies the DC power stored during powering operation of the elevator to the power conversion device 6, and an encoder 8 that detects the speed of the hoisting machine 2 And a controller 9 for determining the start and stop of the elevator and creating the position command and the speed command.

The power converter 6 includes a rectifier 11 that rectifies AC power and converts it into DC power, an inverter 12 that converts DC power into AC power having a variable voltage and variable frequency, and a DC bus 13 that connects the rectifier 11 and the inverter 12. And a discharge circuit 14 that can discharge the regenerative power from the inverter 12 and a current detection device 15 that detects a current on the output side of the inverter 12.
The controller 9 determines starting and stopping of the elevator, and at the same time, generates a position command and a speed command for the controller 16, and outputs the output voltage and frequency of the inverter 12 based on the position command and the speed command from the controller 16. And a gate drive circuit 17 to be controlled.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the power storage device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the power storage device 7 is included in the power storage device 21, the charge / discharge circuit 22, the switch 23 that opens and closes the DC bus 13, the charging power source 24, and the power storage device 7. And a switch control device 25 for controlling the switches. The switch 23 is a mechanical switch such as a contact.

The charging / discharging circuit 22 includes switching elements 26 and 27 such as IGBTs and a reactor 28, a boosting chopper is configured using the switching elements 27 and the reactor 28, and a step-down chopper is configured using the switching element 26 and the reactor 28. ing.
The charging power source 24 includes an inverter device 29 that converts AC power supplied from the AC power source 5 into DC power having a voltage that is three times or more the rated voltage of the three storage battery groups 31 of the power storage device 21, and the inverter device 29. And a switch 30 for opening and closing the input to the charge / discharge circuit 22.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the power storage device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the power storage device 21 includes three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33, with a plurality of series-connected storage batteries surrounded by an alternate long and short dash line as one group. The positive terminal 21 a of the power storage device 21 is connected to the positive terminal 31 a of the first storage battery group 31, and the negative terminal 21 b of the power storage device 21 is connected to the negative terminal 33 b of the third power storage group 33.
The first switch 34 that opens and closes between the positive terminal 31 a of the first storage battery group 31 and the positive terminal 32 a of the second storage battery group 32, the positive terminal 32 a of the second storage battery group 32, and the positive terminal of the third storage battery group 33. A second switch 35 that opens and closes between 33a, a third switch 36 that opens and closes between the positive terminal 32a of the second storage battery group 32 and the negative terminal 31b of the first storage battery group 31, and a positive terminal of the third storage battery group 33 A fourth switch 37 that opens and closes between 33a and the negative terminal 32b of the second storage battery group 32; a fifth switch that opens and closes between the negative terminal 31b of the first storage battery group 31 and the negative terminal 32b of the second storage battery group 32 38, a sixth switch 39 for opening and closing between the negative terminal 32b of the second storage battery group 32 and the negative terminal 33b of the third storage battery group 33.
The switches 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39 may be mechanical switches such as contacts or electrical switches such as switching elements. The first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are collectively referred to as a parallel connection switch group, and the fifth switch 38 and the sixth switch 39 are collectively referred to as a series connection switch group.

The switch control device 25 receives the state of the switch 19 that opens and closes the AC power supply 5 and the rectifier 11, the travel command from the controller 9, the ride car stop signal, the equal charge start command, and the equal charge end command. 30, the opening and closing of the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the third switch 36, the fourth switch 37, the fifth switch 38 and the sixth switch 39 are controlled.
When the switch 23 and the switch 30 are not opened, the switch control device 25 controls the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the third switch 36, the fourth switch 37, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39. Open / close control is not possible. Then, by opening the switch 23 and the switch 30 and disconnecting the DC bus 13 and the charging power source 24 from the charging / discharging circuit 22, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, The third switch 36, the fourth switch 37, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 can be prevented from being opened and closed.
The switch group for parallel connection, the switch group for series connection, and the switch control device 25 as switch control means are collectively referred to as switching means.

Since the short circuit of the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 is extremely dangerous, the switch control device 25 applies an interlock so that a path for short-circuiting the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 is not generated by the switch operation.
There are four operating states in which the elevator and the power storage device 21 are combined. In the first operating state, the elevator power supply is in a cut-off state, and the power storage device 21 is in an independent state. In the second operation state, the power storage device 21 is in an independent state regardless of the state of the power supply of the elevator. The third operation state is a state in which the elevator car is in the supply state, the car 4 is stopped, and the power storage device 21 is separated from the DC bus 13. The fourth operating state is a state in which the elevator car is in a supply state and the car 4 is traveling, and the power storage device 21 is connected to the DC bus 13.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the setting of opening and closing of each switch in four operating states.
Here, the open / close state of the switch in each operation state will be described with reference to FIG.
In the first operating state, as shown in FIG. 4, the switch 23 is opened and the power storage device 21 is separated from the DC bus 13. Further, the switch 30 is opened and there is no output from the charging power source 24. In addition, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are closed, the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are opened, and the three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are Connected in parallel.

  In the second operation state, the switch 23 is opened and the power storage device 21 is separated from the DC bus 13. Further, the switch 30 is closed, and the charging power source 24 outputs high-voltage DC power. In addition, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are opened, the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are closed, and the three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are They are connected in series.

  In the third operating state, the switch 23 is opened and the power storage device 21 is separated from the DC bus 13. Further, the switch 30 is opened and there is no output from the charging power source 24. In addition, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the third switch 36, the fourth switch 37, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are opened, and the three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are independently provided. Yes.

  In the fourth operating state, the switch 23 is closed and the power storage device 21 is connected to the DC bus 13. Further, the switch 30 is opened and there is no output from the charging power source 24. In addition, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are closed, the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are opened, and the three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are Connected in parallel.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the transition between the four operating states.
Next, the operation of the switches when shifting the four operating states will be described with reference to FIGS.
When the switch 19 is closed and the elevator is turned on, the first operating state shifts to the third operating state. At this time, the switch 23 is opened, and the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are opened. On the contrary, when the switch 19 is opened and the power supply of the elevator is cut off, the third operation state is shifted to the first operation state. At this time, the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are closed.
When the elevator travel command is input, the third operation state is shifted to the fourth operation state. At this time, the switch 23 is closed, and the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are closed.
Further, when the elevator car 4 stops, the fourth operating state shifts to the third operating state. At this time, the switch 23 is opened, and the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38, and the sixth switch 39 are opened.

When the uniform charge start command is input, the process shifts to the second operation state when in the first operation state. At this time, the switch 30 is closed.
In addition, when the uniform charge start command is input, the second operation state is also entered in the third operation state. At this time, the switch 30 is closed and the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are closed.
Further, when the fourth charging state is input when the equal charge start command is input, the apparatus waits until the third driving state is shifted.

  When the equal charge end command is input, if the power of the elevator is supplied, the state shifts to the third operation state. At this time, the switch 30 is opened, and the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are opened. Further, when the equal charge end command is input, if the power supply of the elevator is cut off, the first operation state is entered. At this time, the switch 30 is opened.

  Thus, when the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are switched from parallel connection to series connection and from series connection to parallel connection, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the third switch 36, the fourth switch 37, and the fifth switch 38 are used. And since the 6th switch 39 is once opened, the both ends of the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 do not short-circuit.

Next, a case where the power conversion device 6 performs regeneration and power running operation using the power storage device 7 will be described.
When the energy saving operation is performed by charging / discharging from the power storage device 21 while the elevator car 4 is traveling, the switch 23 is closed and the booster chopper using the reactor 28 and the switching element 27 stores power. DC power is discharged from the device 21 to the DC bus 13.
Further, the power storage device 21 is charged with DC power from the DC bus 13 by the step-down chopper using the reactor 28 and the switching element 26.
Thus, when the elevator is in the regenerative operation state, the regenerative power generated by the electric motor 1 can be charged to the power storage device 21 via the DC bus 13. Further, when the elevator is in a power running state, the DC power stored in the power storage device 21 can be supplied to the electric motor 1 by the inverter 12 as AC power having a variable voltage and variable frequency.

  When the elevator is in the power running operation state and the regenerative operation state, in power storage device 21, first switch 34, second switch 35, fifth switch 38, and sixth switch 39 are closed, and third switch 36 and fourth switch 37 are closed. By opening the three storage battery groups 31, 32, 33 are connected in parallel. When the three storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are connected in parallel as described above, charging / discharging can be performed with a current three times that of the one storage battery group. By applying such a power storage device 21 to an elevator that uses a larger capacity electric motor 1, all the regenerative power generated can be received and the regenerative power can be charged precisely, thus increasing the energy saving effect. To do.

  Moreover, when the capacity | capacitance of the electric motor 1 becomes still larger, by adding a storage battery group and a switch, four or more storage battery groups can be connected in parallel, and larger regenerative power can be received.

When the power storage device 21 is fully charged, the regenerative power is discharged by the discharge circuit 14.
When a power failure is detected by a power failure detection device (not shown) that detects a power failure of the AC power supply 5, a command is sent to the elevator control device and the power storage device 7 to perform elevator control and charge / discharge control during the power failure.

Next, the equal charge performed to prevent the battery capacity of the power storage device 21 from deteriorating will be described.
Since a storage battery is used for the power storage device 21 and the regenerative power is charged to the storage battery, it is continuously used in a charged state that is not fully charged, so an inert substance is generated inside the storage battery, and the apparent battery capacity of the storage battery There is a problem that decreases. Therefore, the battery capacity can be prevented from decreasing by once charging the power storage device 21 to a fully charged state. However, when constant current charging is performed in a state where the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are connected in parallel, the charging currents flowing through the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 vary due to variations in impedance of the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33. Some of 31, 32, and 33 may reach overcharge.

  Therefore, in the power storage device 21, when the battery is once charged to the fully charged state, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38 and the sixth switch 39 are opened, and the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are closed. The three storage battery groups 31, 32, 33 are connected in series. When constant current charging is performed in this state, the charging currents flowing through the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 become equal, so that the storage battery groups 31, 32, and 33 are uniformly charged, and the possibility of reaching overcharge can be prevented. it can. This is called equal charge.

  When carrying out the equal charge, the storage battery groups 31, 32, 33 are connected in series, so that the voltage between the terminals of the power storage device 21 is higher than the voltage of the DC bus 13. Therefore, in the circuit that steps down the voltage of the DC bus 13, it is impossible to charge the power storage device 21, so constant current charging is performed from the charging power supply 24. At this time, the switch 23 is opened, the switch 30 is closed, and high voltage DC power is output from the inverter 29. Then, by driving the step-down chopper with the reactor 28 and the switching element 26, charging can be performed with a constant current.

  The provision of the simple charge / discharge circuit 22 and the simple charge power supply 24 is simpler than the provision of the complex charge / discharge circuit with high power in this way, so that the power loss and failure rate are lower. Can be suppressed.

  When the power supply of the elevator is shut off, the switch 23 is opened, and the power storage device 21 is separated from the DC bus 13. Then, the first switch 34, the second switch 35, the fifth switch 38 and the sixth switch 39 are opened, the third switch 36 and the fourth switch 37 are closed, and the three storage battery groups 31, 32 and 33 are connected in series. ing. In this way, the power storage device 21 can be charged independently when the power supply of the elevator is in a cut-off state.

1 is a configuration diagram of an elevator to which an elevator control device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a block diagram of the electric power storage apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the electrical storage apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the setting of opening and closing of each switch at the time of four driving | running states. It is a figure for demonstrating the mode of the transition between four driving | running states.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor, 2 hoisting machine, 3 ropes, 4 boarding basket, 5 AC power supply, 6 Power converter, 7 Power storage device, 8 Encoder, 9 Controller, 11 Rectifier, 12 Inverter, 13 DC bus, 14 Discharge circuit, 15 Current detection device, 16 controller, 17 gate drive circuit, 19, 23, 30, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 switch, 21 power storage device, 21a positive terminal, 21b negative terminal, 22 charge / discharge circuit, 24 Power supply for charging, 25 switch control device, 26, 27 switching element, 28 reactor, 29 reverse conversion device, 31, 32, 33 storage battery group, 31a, 32a, 33a positive terminal, 31b, 32b, 33b negative terminal.

Claims (2)

The AC power converted from the DC power output to the DC bus is converted to AC power of variable voltage and variable frequency during powering operation of the elevator to drive the motor, and the AC power generated by the motor during regenerative operation of the elevator is used. A power conversion device that converts to DC power and outputs to the DC bus and power storage that charges the DC power of the DC bus during regenerative operation of the elevator and discharges the DC power charged during power operation of the elevator to the DC bus In an elevator control device comprising the device,
The power storage device is
A power storage device that is charged and discharged with DC power;
A charging power source that outputs DC power for charging;
A charge / discharge circuit for controlling charge / discharge of the power storage device;
With
The power storage device is
When charging / discharging with the DC bus at the time of the power running operation or the regenerative operation, they are connected in parallel, and are charged with the DC power for charging when not in the power running operation and the regenerative operation. In some cases, a plurality of storage battery groups connected in series,
Switching means for switching the connection of the plurality of storage battery groups;
I have a,
The switching means includes a parallel connection switch group for connecting each of the positive electrode terminals and the negative electrode terminal of the plurality of storage battery groups, and a series connection switch group for connecting a negative electrode of the storage battery group different from the positive electrode of each of the storage battery groups. Switch control means for opening and closing the parallel connection switch group and the series connection switch group without simultaneously closing,
The switch control means is configured to control the opening and closing of the parallel connection switch group and the series connection switch group without disconnecting the charge / discharge circuit from the DC bus and the charging power source. . It said switch control means is supplied power elevator, when and car is traveling in claim 1, characterized by the inability charged using the above-riding cage does not stop the DC power for the charging Elevator control device to be described.

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