JP5201368B2 - 交互読み出し勾配を用いて取得される複数mr画像の整列方法 - Google Patents
交互読み出し勾配を用いて取得される複数mr画像の整列方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5201368B2 JP5201368B2 JP2009526838A JP2009526838A JP5201368B2 JP 5201368 B2 JP5201368 B2 JP 5201368B2 JP 2009526838 A JP2009526838 A JP 2009526838A JP 2009526838 A JP2009526838 A JP 2009526838A JP 5201368 B2 JP5201368 B2 JP 5201368B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—Two-dimensional [2D] image generation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4828—Resolving the MR signals of different chemical species, e.g. water-fat imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5615—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE]
- G01R33/5616—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE] using gradient refocusing, e.g. EPI
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/565—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities
- G01R33/56527—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities due to chemical shift effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/565—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities
- G01R33/56554—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities caused by acquiring plural, differently encoded echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. correction for readout gradients of alternating polarity in EPI
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/5607—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reducing the NMR signal of a particular spin species, e.g. of a chemical species for fat suppression, or of a moving spin species for black-blood imaging
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Description
ω=γB0
ここで、ωはラーモア周波数、γは核種に固有の磁気回転比(gyromagnetic ratio)である。原子核はこの周波数においてRFパルスに反応し、その縦方向の磁化が横方向のxy平面に傾く。水は、生物組織に比較的豊富に存在することから、またその陽子の性質から、このような画像法において主な関心の対象である。水の陽子の磁気回転比γの値は4.26kHz/Gaussであり、従って、1.5テスラの分極磁場B0における水の陽子のラーモア周波数はおよそ63.9MHzである。
及び、
ここで、w(x,y) 及びf(x,y)は水と脂肪のスピンから生じる信号であり、φ 0はコイル感度や他の原因から生じる位相定数項である。Δφは静磁場不均一性やその他の時間依存する静磁場不均一性が起因する位相の増加分である。さらに、位相シフトΔφにおいて実施された勾配分極の反転やタイミング不整合が原因となって位相シフトが起こる可能性がある。
ここで、 BWは読み出しバンド幅(通常±20−125kHz)、Nxは読み出し行列内のk空間サンプルの数、Δfは水と脂肪の間の化学シフトであり、1.5Tにおいて約−210Hzである。後述の議論の中では、系の中心周波数が水に合わせて設定されているため全ての化学シフトは脂肪に起因するものとする。化学シフトは、rfの中心周波数を変化させることで水にシフトでき、また水と脂肪の間のある値にセットすることができる。
及び、
ここでΔxはピクセル単位で測定した化学シフトである。もし、位相分布画像(phase map)eiΔφ(x,y)がわかっていれば、式(5)の二番目の画像から復調することができ、w(x,y)及びf(x,y)を求めることができる。一般的に、Δφ(x,y)は不明であるものの、式(5)の絶対値をとることでその効果を無視することができる。これにより、上記ピクセルが、水支配(w(x,y)>f(x,y))であるか、もしくは脂肪支配(w(x,y)<f(x,y))であるかによって、自然な曖昧さが生じる。
及び、
これらのk空間のデータのセットを用いて、また、Δx=FOV/Nxがピクセル次元(cm)であること、及び、k空間が-kx maxから+kx max(kx max=π/ΔX)の間で抽出されることを考慮すると、別々の水及び脂肪のk空間のデータW(kx,ky)及びF(kx,ky)を計算できる。
及び、
また、受信されるNMR信号の位相は下記のように求められる。
Δx=NxΔf/2BW
ここで、Δf=水と脂肪の間の化学シフトであり、1.5Tにおいて約−210Hz
Nx=読み出し中に取得されるk空間サンプル数
BW=読み出しバンド幅で、通常±20から125kHz
Claims (5)
- 核磁気共鳴イメージング(MRI)システムを用いる二種のスピン種を有する対象の画像生成方法であり、
a)パルスシーケンスを使用した一組のk空間画像データセットの取得において、一つのk空間画像データセットにおけるNMR信号(S'0)が一つの分極を有する読み出し勾配を用いて取得され、もう一つのk空間画像データセットにおけるNMR信号(S'1)が反対の分極を有する読み出し勾配を用いて取得される段階と、
b)二つの画像s0及びs1を、それぞれのk空間データセットS'0及びS'1から再構成する段階と、
c)前記二つの画像s0及びs1の一方又は両方から位相シフトを除去してそれぞれの画像s'0及びs'1を生成する段階と、
d)前記二つの画像s'0及びs'1をk空間にフーリエ変換する段階と、
e)その結果得られるk空間データセットS0及びS1から、化学シフト補正された第一のスピン種のk空間データセットW及び第二のスピン種のk空間データセットFを生成する段階と、
f)前記第一及び第二のスピン種のk空間データセットW及びFをフーリエ変換して、第一のスピン種の画像w及び第二のスピン種の画像fを生成する段階と、からなることを特徴とする画像生成方法。 - 前記二種のスピン種は、水に含まれる水素原子及び脂肪に含まれる水素原子であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像生成方法。
- パルスシーケンスは、前記スピン種のうち一つのラーモア周波数に調節されたrf励起パルスを生成することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像生成方法。
- 段階c)は、前記画像s1又はs0のうち一つの中の各ピクセルにおける位相を、前記一方の画像及び他方の画像の両方の対応するピクセル位相で割ることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像生成方法。
- 段階e)は、
e)i)前記二つのk空間データセットS0及びS1の位相シフトする段階と、
e)ii)段階e)i)で生成された二つの位相シフトデータセットを足し合わせてk空間データセットの和S+を生成する段階と、
e)iii)k空間データセットの和S+から第一のスピン種のk空間データセットWを生成する段階と、
e)iv)段階e)i)で生成された二つの位相シフトデータセットを差し引いてk空間データセットの差S-を生成する段階と、
e)v)k空間データセットの差S-から第二のスピン種のk空間データセットFを生成する段階と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像生成方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/510,896 US7375522B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2006-08-28 | Method for aligning multiple MR images acquired with alternating readout gradient |
| US11/510,896 | 2006-08-28 | ||
| PCT/US2007/076840 WO2008027813A2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2007-08-27 | Method for aligning multiple mr images acquired with alternating readout gradient |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2010502301A JP2010502301A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
| JP5201368B2 true JP5201368B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2009526838A Expired - Fee Related JP5201368B2 (ja) | 2006-08-28 | 2007-08-27 | 交互読み出し勾配を用いて取得される複数mr画像の整列方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7375522B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2057602A2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5201368B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2008027813A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7619411B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2009-11-17 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Generalized method for MRI chemical species separation using arbitrary k-space trajectories |
| US7646198B2 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2010-01-12 | Case Western Reserve University | Methods for fat signal suppression in magnetic resonance imaging |
| EP3112890A1 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2017-01-04 | Advanced MR Analytics AB | Improved magnetic resonance images |
| EP2365354A1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-14 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Magnetic resonance imaging of chemical species with a spectral model |
| US8970217B1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2015-03-03 | Hypres, Inc. | System and method for noise reduction in magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN103140167B (zh) | 2010-09-20 | 2016-01-20 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 化学物类的磁共振成像 |
| DE102010041125B4 (de) * | 2010-09-21 | 2015-07-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Räumliche Korrektur von Bilddaten einer Serie von Magnetresonanzaufnahmen |
| WO2012106574A2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Cardiac mri curvilinear tagging |
| WO2012170119A1 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-13 | St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. | Noise tolerant localization systems and methods |
| DE112014004240B4 (de) * | 2013-09-16 | 2019-04-04 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | MRI mit Wasser-/Fettseparation vom Dixon-Typ und mit unterschiedlichen Auflösungen erfassten Echos zur Wirbelstromkorrektur |
| DE102014219320B4 (de) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-06-16 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Rekonstruktion eines MR-Bildes unter Berücksichtigung der chemischen Verschiebung |
| US10162037B2 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-12-25 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Navigator-based data correction for simultaneous multislice MR imaging |
| KR101951000B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-01 | 2019-02-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 자기 공명 신호 획득 방법 및 장치 |
| US10684343B2 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-06-16 | Canon Medical Systems Corporation | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging method |
| US12007458B2 (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2024-06-11 | Canon Medical Systems Corporation | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4684891A (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1987-08-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Rapid magnetic resonance imaging using multiple phase encoded spin echoes in each of plural measurement cycles |
| US4746863A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1988-05-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Contiguous slices in multi-slice MRI |
| US5144235A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1992-09-01 | General Electric Company | Method of decomposing nmr images by chemical species |
| US5225781A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1993-07-06 | General Electric Company | Robust decomposition of NMR images by chemical species |
| US5321359A (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1994-06-14 | General Electric Company | Selective imaging among three or more chemical species |
| US5677628A (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1997-10-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic resonance diagnostic apparatus |
| US6016057A (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-01-18 | General Electric Company | System and method for improved water and fat separation using a set of low resolution MR images |
| US6448773B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-09-10 | Toshiba America Mri, Inc. | Method and system for measuring and compensating for eddy currents induced during NMR imaging operations |
| US6483308B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-11-19 | Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc | Method and apparatus for processing MRI data acquired with a plurality of coils using dixon techniques |
| US6603990B2 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-08-05 | Toshiba America Mri, Inc. | Separation and identification of water and fat MR images at mid-field strength with reduced T2/T2* weighting |
| US7099499B2 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2006-08-29 | General Electric Company | Fat/water separation and fat minimization magnetic resonance imaging systems and methods |
| WO2004086060A2 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-07 | Case Western Reserve University | Chemical species suppression for mri imaging using spiral trajectories with off-resonance correction |
| US7042215B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2006-05-09 | Case Western Reserve University | Three point dixon techniques in MRI spiral trajectories with off-resonance correction where each TE is a multiple of 2.2 milliseconds |
| WO2005004703A2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods and apparatuses for fast chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging |
| US7141972B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2006-11-28 | Toshiba America Mri, Inc. | Water-fat separation for fast spin echo imaging in an inhomogeneous field with progressive encoding |
-
2006
- 2006-08-28 US US11/510,896 patent/US7375522B2/en active Active
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2007
- 2007-08-27 JP JP2009526838A patent/JP5201368B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-08-27 EP EP07814446A patent/EP2057602A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-08-27 WO PCT/US2007/076840 patent/WO2008027813A2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080048657A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
| WO2008027813A3 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
| WO2008027813A2 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
| US7375522B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
| EP2057602A2 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
| JP2010502301A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
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