JP5201380B2 - Fuel cell AC impedance measuring apparatus and AC impedance measuring method - Google Patents
Fuel cell AC impedance measuring apparatus and AC impedance measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は燃料電池の電気的特性を測定する特性測定装置および特性測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a characteristic measuring apparatus and a characteristic measuring method for measuring electrical characteristics of a fuel cell.
水素と酸素とを化学反応させて発電する燃料電池が知られている。燃料電池はエネルギ
ー問題や環境問題に対する一つの解答を与え得るものとして期待されている。
Fuel cells that generate electricity by chemically reacting hydrogen and oxygen are known. Fuel cells are expected to provide a solution to energy and environmental problems.
燃料電池は、その発電原理上、あるいはその構造上の理由から種々の電圧損失を発生さ
せる。しかし、燃料電池から取り出される出力電圧を測定するのみでは、個々の電圧損失
の寄与がどの程度であるかを特定できず、製造後の検査や経時的な劣化の検査のための充
分な情報が得られないという問題がある。例えば、出力電圧のみでは電圧損失がカソード
側で発生したものなのか、アノード側で発生したものなのか区別できず、燃料電池の性能
に対する評価や管理に限界を生じさせる。
A fuel cell generates various voltage losses due to its power generation principle or its structural reasons. However, simply measuring the output voltage taken from the fuel cell cannot identify how much each voltage loss contributes, and there is sufficient information for post-manufacturing inspection and inspection for deterioration over time. There is a problem that it cannot be obtained. For example, the output voltage alone cannot distinguish whether the voltage loss occurs on the cathode side or on the anode side, and limits the evaluation and management of the performance of the fuel cell.
本発明の目的は、電気的特性を詳細に測定することで、性能に対する効果的な評価や管
理を実行できる燃料電池の特性測定装置および特性測定方法を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell characteristic measuring apparatus and a characteristic measuring method capable of effectively evaluating and managing performance by measuring electrical characteristics in detail.
本発明の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置は、請求項1においては、
本電極と分割電極に分割されたカソード電極と、本電極と分割電極に分割されたアノード電極が固体高分子膜を隔てて互いに対向して配置された燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置において、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する第1電圧計測手段と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する第2電圧計測手段と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する第3電圧計測手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする。
In the fuel cell AC impedance measuring device of the present invention, in
In a fuel cell AC impedance measuring device in which a cathode electrode divided into a main electrode and a divided electrode, and an anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode, and a first voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode. When,
A second voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
A third voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode divided electrode;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and the current measuring means and the first, second, and third voltage measuring means Based on the obtained voltage waveform, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is calculated from the gain and phase at frequency f (j). It is characterized by having constituted so that it may require .
請求項2においては、
本電極と分割電極に分割されたカソード電極と、本電極と分割電極に分割されたアノード電極が固体高分子膜を隔てて互いに対向して配置された燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置において、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、
前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、前記Vca,Vcell,Vanが印加されたHigh端子とLow端子との接続を順次切替えるスキャナと、該スキャナによって切替えられた前記Vca,Vcell,Vanのそれぞれの電圧を測定する第4電圧測定手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第4電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする。
In claim 2,
In a fuel cell AC impedance measuring device in which a cathode electrode divided into a main electrode and a divided electrode, and an anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode ;
A high terminal and a low terminal to which a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode is applied ;
A High terminal and a Low terminal to which a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is applied ;
A scanner that sequentially switches a connection between a High terminal and a Low terminal to which a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode split electrode is applied, and a High terminal and a Low terminal to which the Vca, Vcell, and Van are applied; Fourth voltage measuring means for measuring the respective voltages of Vca, Vcell, and Van switched by the scanner;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and a voltage waveform obtained by the current measuring means and the fourth voltage measuring means is also obtained. In addition, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is obtained from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j). It is characterized by .
請求項3においては、
本電極と分割電極に分割されたカソード電極と、本電極と分割電極に分割されたアノード電極が固体高分子膜を隔てて互いに対向して配置された燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に負荷装置及び電流計測手段を接続する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iac
を設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する工程と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する工程と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求める工程を含むことを特徴とする。
In
In the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method in which the cathode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode and the anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across the solid polymer membrane,
Connecting a load device and current measuring means electrically in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
For the load device, the frequency f (j), the direct current value I (i), the superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac
A process of setting
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device to the fuel cell;
Measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode split electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device to the fuel cell;
Based on the voltage waveforms obtained by the current measuring means and the first, second and third voltage measuring means, the AC impedance between the electrodes from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j), Zca (f (j) ), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) .
請求項4においては、請求項3に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間のインピーダンスZca(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、カソード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間のインピーダンスZan(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、アノード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記カソード反応の等価回路定数とアノード反応の等価回路定数から前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路定数を決定し、前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行う工程と
前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応のインピーダンスの周波数特性の測定結果Zcell(f(j)と前記シミュレーションの結果を比較して試験の信頼性の向上及び等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする。
請求項5においては、請求項4に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行うに際しては、
前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路モデルを、前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の等価回路モデルと前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の等価回路モデルとを直列接続した等価回路モデルとし、アノード反応とカソード反応の等価回路定数を採用し、カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路定数の決定を行うことを特徴とする。
In claim 4, in the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method of
A step of fitting, to determine the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction in the equivalent circuit model of the impedance Z ca (f (j)) between the cathode present electrode and the cathode split electrode,
A step of fitting, to determine the equivalent circuit constants of the anode reaction in the equivalent circuit model of the impedance Z an (f (j)) between the anode present electrode and the anode split electrode,
From the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction and the equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction, the equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is determined, and the impedance of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is simulated. Comparison of the measurement results Zcell (f (j)) and the simulation results of the impedance frequency characteristics of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode to improve the reliability of the test and the validity of the equivalent circuit model A process of verifying
It is characterized by including.
In claim 5 , in the fuel cell AC impedance measuring method according to claim 4 ,
When simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode,
The equivalent circuit model of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is equivalent to the equivalent circuit model between the cathode main electrode and the cathode divided electrode and the equivalent circuit model between the anode main electrode and the anode divided electrode connected in series. An equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction and the cathode reaction is adopted as a circuit model, and an equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is determined.
請求項6においては、
カソード電極とアノード電極が固体高分子膜を隔てて互いに対向して配置され、固体高分子膜のアノード側に配置され、該アノード電極を分割し電気的に分離して形成された参照電極を備えた燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置において、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、
前記参照電極とカソード電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する第1電圧計測手段と、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する第2電圧計測手段と、
前記アノード電極と前記参照電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する第3電圧計測手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする。
In claim 6 ,
A cathode electrode and an anode electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane, and are arranged on the anode side of the solid polymer membrane , and include a reference electrode formed by dividing and electrically separating the anode electrode In the fuel cell AC impedance measurement device,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
First voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vca) between the reference electrode and the cathode electrode;
A second voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Third voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode electrode and the reference electrode;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and the current measuring means and the first, second, and third voltage measuring means Based on the obtained voltage waveform, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is calculated from the gain and phase at frequency f (j). It is characterized by having constituted so that it may require .
請求項7においては、
カソード電極とアノード電極が固体高分子膜を隔てて互いに対向して配置され、アノード電極を分割し電気的に分離して形成された参照電極を備えた燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段を接続する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置制御部から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記カソード電極と参照電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する工程と、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する工程と、
前記アノード電極と参照電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求める工程を含むことを特徴とする。
In claim 7 ,
In the method for measuring the AC impedance of a fuel cell comprising a reference electrode in which a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane, and the anode electrode is divided and electrically separated ,
Connecting a load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device controller to the fuel cell;
Measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode electrode and a reference electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode electrode and a reference electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device to the fuel cell;
Based on the voltage waveforms obtained by the current measuring means and the first, second and third voltage measuring means, the AC impedance between the electrodes from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j), Zca (f (j) ), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) .
請求項8においては、請求項7に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード電極と参照電極間のインピーダンスZca(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、カソード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記アノード電極と参照電極間のインピーダンスZan(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、アノード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記カソード反応の等価回路定数とアノード反応の等価回路定数から前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路定数を決定し、前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行う工程と
前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応のインピーダンスの周波数特性の測定結果Zcell(f(j)と前記シミュレーションの結果を比較して試験の信頼性の向上及び等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする。
請求項9においては、請求項8に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法において、
前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行うに際しては、
前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路モデルを、前記カソード電極と参照電極間の等価回路モデルと前記アノード電極と参照電極間の等価回路モデルとを直列接続した等価回路モデルとし、アノード反応とカソード反応の等価回路定数を採用し、カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路定数の決定を行うことを特徴とする。
In Claim 8 , in the alternating current impedance measuring method of the fuel cell of Claim 7 ,
Fitting an impedance Zca (f (j)) between the cathode electrode and the reference electrode with an equivalent circuit model to determine an equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction;
Fitting an impedance Zan (f (j)) between the anode electrode and the reference electrode with an equivalent circuit model, and determining an equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction;
Determining the equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode from the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction and the equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction, and simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; Comparing the measurement result Zcell (f (j)) of the impedance impedance frequency characteristic of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode with the result of the simulation to verify the reliability of the test and the validity of the equivalent circuit model;
It is characterized by including.
In claim 9 , in the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method of claim 8 ,
When simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode,
The equivalent circuit model of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is an equivalent circuit model in which the equivalent circuit model between the cathode electrode and the reference electrode and the equivalent circuit model between the anode electrode and the reference electrode are connected in series. And the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction are employed, and the equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is determined.
本発明の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置の請求項1、2及び請求項6によれば、
カソード本電極とアノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極(又は参照電極)間の電圧(Vca)を測定する第1電圧計測手段と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する第2電圧計測手段と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間(又は参照電極)の電圧(Van)を測定する第3電圧計測手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したので、分割電極(又は参照電極)による燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定におけるモデルの妥当性と試験の信頼性を向上させることができる。
According to
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode, and a first voltage for measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode (or reference electrode) . Voltage measuring means;
A second voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
A third voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode divided electrode (or reference electrode) ;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and the current measuring means and the first, second, and third voltage measuring means Based on the obtained voltage waveform, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is calculated from the gain and phase at frequency f (j). Since it was constituted so as to obtain, the validity of the model and the reliability of the test in the AC impedance measurement of the fuel cell by the divided electrode (or reference electrode) can be improved.
本発明の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法の請求項4,5によれば、カソード過電圧とアノード過電圧のインピーダンス計測を行うだけでなく、同時に発電部のインピーダンス計測を行う。カソードのインピーダンス結果からカソード等価回路モデルの等価回路定数を決定し、アノードのインピーダンス結果からアノード等価回路モデルの等価回路定数を決定する。発電部の等価回路モデルをアノードとカソードのそれぞれの等価回路モデルの直列と考え、それぞれの極の等価回路定数を用いて、発電部のインピーダンス特性をシミュレーションする。その結果を試験結果と比較するので、試験の信頼性の向上や等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証することができる。 According to claims 4 and 5 of the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method of the present invention, not only the cathode overvoltage and anode overvoltage impedance are measured, but also the impedance of the power generation unit is measured simultaneously. The equivalent circuit constant of the cathode equivalent circuit model is determined from the impedance result of the cathode, and the equivalent circuit constant of the anode equivalent circuit model is determined from the impedance result of the anode. The equivalent circuit model of the power generation unit is considered as a series of equivalent circuit models of the anode and the cathode, and the impedance characteristics of the power generation unit are simulated using the equivalent circuit constant of each pole. Since the result is compared with the test result, the reliability of the test can be improved and the validity of the equivalent circuit model can be verified.
請求項6〜9によれば、参照電極による過電圧分離インピーダンス計測方法において、その特性の信頼性、等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証することが可能である。
According to the sixth to ninth aspects, in the overvoltage separation impedance measuring method using the reference electrode, it is possible to verify the reliability of the characteristics and the validity of the equivalent circuit model.
以下、図1〜図5を参照して、本発明による燃料電池の特性測定装置の一実施形態につ
いて説明する。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fuel cell characteristic measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図1は測定対象である燃料電池の構成を示す断面図、および測定機器の接続例を示す図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態の燃料電池100は固体高分子膜1によりカソード電極とアノードに区画されている。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel cell that is a measurement target, and a diagram showing a connection example of a measuring device. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment is partitioned into a cathode electrode and an anode by a
これらカソード電極とアノード電極には、固体高分子膜1の側から外側に向けて触媒層及び拡散層が接合体として積層されている。これらカソード電極およびアノード電極は互いに対向して配置されている。
On the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, a catalyst layer and a diffusion layer are laminated as a joined body from the
なお、カソード電極及びアノード電極とケース30の間にはカソードガス流路及びアノードガス流路が形成されており、カソード電極には酸化剤(空気、若しくは、酸素)、アノード電極には燃料ガスが与えられる。 A cathode gas flow path and an anode gas flow path are formed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode and the case 30, and an oxidizing agent (air or oxygen) is formed on the cathode electrode, and a fuel gas is loaded on the anode electrode. Given.
図1に示すように、カソード電極はカソード本電極2Aと、カソード分割電極2Bとに分割され、両者は電気的に分離されている。また、アノード電極はアノード本電極3Aと、アノード分割電極3Bとに分割され、両者は電気的に分離されている。これらの電極は互いに対向して配置されている。
As shown in FIG. 1, the cathode electrode is divided into a cathode main electrode 2A and a cathode divided
カソード本電極2Aおよびアノード本電極3Aの間に負荷装置4及び電流計測手段504が直列に接続される。この負荷装置4は電子負荷制御装置5aにより制御される。カソード本電極2Aおよびアノード本電極3Aの間の電圧Vcellが電圧測定モジュール502により測定される。
A load device 4 and a current measuring means 504 are connected in series between the cathode main electrode 2A and the anode
また、カソード本電極2Aとカソード分割電極2B間の電圧Vcaが電圧測定モジュール501により測定され、アノード本電極3Aおよびアノード分割電極3B間の電圧Vanが電圧測定モジュール503により測定される。電子負荷制御部5a,電圧計測手段504,電圧測定モジュール501,502,503はインピーダンス測定器として機能する。
カソード本電極2Aとアノード本電極3Aには電流負荷が印加されるので負荷電極となり、カソード分割電極2Bとアノード分割電極3Bには電流負荷が印加されないので無負荷電極となる。
Further, the voltage Vca between the cathode main electrode 2A and the cathode divided
Since the current load is applied to the cathode main electrode 2A and the anode
図2は燃料電池の電圧特性を測定するためのフローチャートである。工程に従って説明する。
S000:インピーダンス測定を実行するために周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重 畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する。
FIG. 2 is a flowchart for measuring the voltage characteristics of the fuel cell. It demonstrates according to a process.
S000: Set frequency f (j), DC current value I (i), and superimposed AC current amplitude Iac to perform impedance measurement.
S001:負荷装置から燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する。
S002:電流計測モジュール504と3つの電圧計測モジュール501,502,503で得られる電圧波形と、電圧波形から周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズをVcell,Vca,Vanについてそれぞれ求める。
S001: A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell.
S002: The voltage waveform obtained by the
S003:周波数の計測が終了したかどうかを判断する。判断の結果、YESであれば S004に進み、NOであればS0031に進む。 S003: It is determined whether or not the frequency measurement is completed. If the determination result is YES, the process proceeds to S004, and if NO, the process proceeds to S0031.
S0031: S003の判断でNOとなった場合、カウンタインクリメントにより
j=j+1としてS001に戻り、次の周波数f(j+1)のインピーダン ス計測を始める。
S004:S003の判断でYESとなった場合、Vcaを等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、回路定数を決定する。
S005:Vanを等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、回路定数を決定する。
S0031: If NO in S003, the counter increments
Return to S001 with j = j + 1 and start impedance measurement of the next frequency f (j + 1).
S004: If YES is determined in S003, Vca is fitted with an equivalent circuit model to determine a circuit constant.
S005: Fit Van with an equivalent circuit model to determine a circuit constant.
S006:VcaとVanの回路定数からVcellの等価回路定数を決定しシュミレ ーションを実施する。
S007:Vcellの試験結果とシュミレーション結果の比較を行う。
S008:電流計測が終了したか否かを判断する。判断の結果、YESであれば計測を終了し、NOであればS0081に進んでカウンタインクリメントに よりj=j+1としてS001に戻り、次の直流電流値I(i)でのインピーダンス計測を始める。
S006: The equivalent circuit constant of Vcell is determined from the circuit constants of Vca and Van, and simulation is performed.
S007: The test result of Vcell is compared with the simulation result.
S008: It is determined whether or not the current measurement is completed. If the result of the determination is YES, the measurement is terminated, and if NO, the process proceeds to S0081, and by incrementing the counter, j = j + 1 is set, and the process returns to S001 to start impedance measurement at the next DC current value I (i).
上述のフローチャートを要約すれば次のようなものである。
インピーダンス測定器5は負荷装置制御部5aを介して負荷装置4に対して、インピーダンス測定を行う周波数、直流電流値、重畳交流電流振幅を設定し、燃料電池への電流負荷を制御する。
The above flow chart is summarized as follows.
The impedance measuring instrument 5 sets a frequency for measuring impedance, a direct current value, and a superimposed alternating current amplitude for the load device 4 via the load
交流成分が重畳された電流負荷に対して燃料電池電圧(Vcell)カソード過電圧(Vca)、アノード過電圧(Van)のそれぞれの波形を電圧モジュール502,501,503で計測し、そのゲイン及び位相(フェーズ)を求める。このインピーダンス測定を順次周波数を変えて行う。
周波数計測が終了した場合、Vcaを等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、回路定数を決定する。
次に、Vanを等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、回路定数を決定し、VcaとVanの回路定数からVcellの等価回路定数を決定しシュミレーションを実施する。
その後Vcellの試験結果とシュミレーション結果の比較を行う。
The waveforms of the fuel cell voltage (Vcell), cathode overvoltage (Vca), and anode overvoltage (Van) are measured by the
When the frequency measurement is completed, Vca is fitted with an equivalent circuit model to determine a circuit constant.
Next, Van is fitted with an equivalent circuit model, a circuit constant is determined, an equivalent circuit constant of Vcell is determined from the circuit constants of Vca and Van, and simulation is performed.
Then, the test result of Vcell and the simulation result are compared.
図3(a)は実験結果とフィッティング結果およびシミュレーション結果の一例を示す図である。図において横軸Z’はインピーダンスの実数部を表し,縦軸Z’’はインピーダンスの虚数部を表している。
図中、□印はVcell expを、○印はVca expを、△印はVan expをプロットしたものである。
FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result, a fitting result, and a simulation result. In the figure, the horizontal axis Z ′ represents the real part of the impedance, and the vertical axis Z ″ represents the imaginary part of the impedance.
In the figure, □ marks plot Vcell exp, ◯ marks Vca exp, and Δ marks Van exp.
また、図中、粗い点線で示すVca fitはカソードのインピーダンス結果(○印)を図3(b)に示す等価回路モデルに対してフィッティングを行ったものであり、細かな点線で示すVan fitはアノードのインピーダンス結果(△印)を図3(c)に示す等価回路モデルに対してフィッティングを行ったものであり、実線で示すVcell simはカソード、アノードの等価回路定数を図3(d)に示すVcell等価回路モデルの定数としてVcellのシュミレーションを行ったものである。
Vcellの試験結果、および上記シュミレーション結果を基に等価回路モデルの妥当性および試験の信頼性を向上させることができる。
In the figure, Vca fit indicated by a rough dotted line is obtained by fitting the impedance result (circle) of the cathode to the equivalent circuit model shown in FIG. 3B, and Van fit indicated by a fine dotted line is FIG. 3 (d) shows the result of fitting the impedance result (Δ mark) of the anode to the equivalent circuit model shown in FIG. 3 (c). The Vcell sim shown by the solid line shows the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode and anode in FIG. The simulation of Vcell is performed as a constant of the Vcell equivalent circuit model shown.
The validity of the equivalent circuit model and the reliability of the test can be improved based on the test result of Vcell and the simulation result.
図4は本発明の他の実施例を示すものである。なお、図1と同一要素には同一符号を付している。この実施例ではスキャナ6(図では3チャンネルの場合を表示している)のCH2(チャンネル2)に負荷電極間電圧(Vcell)、CH1(チャンネル1)にカソード過電圧(Vca)、CH3(チャンネル3)にアノード過電圧(Vanを入力している。
Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the load electrode voltage (Vcell) is applied to CH2 (channel 2) of the scanner 6 (shown in the case of 3 channels in the figure), the cathode overvoltage (Vca) is applied to CH1 (channel 1), and CH3 (
スキャナ6では各チャンネルの+端子と−端子を切り替えてインピーダンス計測器5の電圧計測モジュール501が測定する部位を切り替えるようになっている。
図4において、電子負荷制御部5aを介して直流電流値、重畳交流電流振幅、重畳交流電流周波数を設定し、燃料電池の負荷電極2A,2B間に印加する。
In the scanner 6, the portion to be measured by the
In FIG. 4, a direct current value, a superimposed alternating current amplitude, and a superimposed alternating current frequency are set via the electronic
スキャナ6はCH2(CH2+とCH2−を選択)のセットをインピーダンス計測器5の電圧計測モジュール501に接続して負荷電極のインピーダンス計測を行う。
インピーダンス計測器5は電流計測モジュール504で測定される電流波形と電圧計測モジュール501で測定される電圧波形から、負荷電極間の重畳交流電流周波数でのインピーダンス計測(ゲインとフェーズ計測)を行う。
The scanner 6 connects the set of CH2 (selects CH2 + and CH2-) to the
The impedance measuring device 5 performs impedance measurement (gain and phase measurement) at the superimposed alternating current frequency between the load electrodes from the current waveform measured by the
次にスキャナ6をCH2にセットしてカソード過電圧のインピーダンス計測を行う。
更に、スキャナ6をCH3にセットしてアノード過電圧のインピーダンス計測を行う。
以上の手順により、1つの周波数での負荷電極端子、カソード過電圧、アノード過電圧のインピーダンス計測を行うことができる。
したがって上述の構成によればインピーダンス計測器の電圧計測モジーュールを多数設ける必要がない。
Next, the scanner 6 is set to CH2 and the cathode overvoltage impedance is measured.
Further, the scanner 6 is set to CH3 to measure the impedance of the anode overvoltage.
According to the above procedure, impedance measurement of the load electrode terminal, the cathode overvoltage, and the anode overvoltage at one frequency can be performed.
Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is not necessary to provide a large number of voltage measurement modules for the impedance measuring instrument.
図5は本発明の他の実施例を示すものである。なお、図1と同一要素には同一符号を付している。この実施例では図1に示す分割電極の代わりに参照電極を設けた場合を示している。
参照電極は電解質膜上にPt線を配置し、このPt線に外部より水素ガスを導入することにより絶対基準電位を得るようにしたものである。
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element as FIG. In this embodiment, a case where a reference electrode is provided instead of the divided electrode shown in FIG. 1 is shown.
The reference electrode is obtained by arranging a Pt line on the electrolyte membrane and introducing hydrogen gas into the Pt line from the outside to obtain an absolute reference potential.
図5において、参照電極300に燃料ガスを供給し、その電位に対して、カソード電極(2A)およびアノード電極(3a)の電位差をカソード過電圧(Vca)およびアノード過電圧(Van)として測定する。そして、燃料電子端子(2A)と(3a)に交流成分を重畳した電流負荷を印加して、燃料電池端子電圧(Vcell)、(Vca)、(Van)のインピーダンスを測定する。
なお、測定手順は図2で示した場合と同様なのでここでの説明は省略する。
In FIG. 5, the fuel gas is supplied to the reference electrode 300, and the potential difference between the cathode electrode (2A) and the anode electrode (3a) with respect to the potential is measured as the cathode overvoltage (Vca) and the anode overvoltage (Van). Then, a current load in which an AC component is superimposed on the fuel electronic terminals (2A) and (3a) is applied, and the impedances of the fuel cell terminal voltages (Vcell), (Vca), and (Van) are measured.
The measurement procedure is the same as that shown in FIG.
本発明の適用範囲は上記実施形態に限定されることはない。本発明は、固体高分子型燃
料電池に対する電気的特性の測定装置および測定方法に限らず、すべての燃料電池に対する測定について広く適用することができる。
The scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the measurement device and measurement method for electrical characteristics of a solid polymer fuel cell, and can be widely applied to measurement of all fuel cells.
1 固体高分子膜
2A カソード本電極
2B カソード分割電極
3A アノード本電極
3B アノード分割電極
4 電子負荷装置
5 インピーダンス測定器
5a 電子負荷制御部
6 スキャナ
30 ケース
300 参照電極
501,502,503 電圧計測モジュール
504 電流計測手段
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (9)
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する第1電圧計測手段と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する第2電圧計測手段と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する第3電圧計測手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置。 In a fuel cell AC impedance measuring device in which a cathode electrode divided into a main electrode and a divided electrode, and an anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode, and a first voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode. When,
A second voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
A third voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode divided electrode;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and the current measuring means and the first, second, and third voltage measuring means Based on the obtained voltage waveform, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is calculated from the gain and phase at frequency f (j). An AC impedance measuring apparatus for a fuel cell, characterized in that the apparatus is configured to obtain .
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、
前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)が印加されるHigh端子とLow端子と、
前記Vca,Vcell,Vanが印加されたHigh端子とLow端子との接続を順次切替えるスキャナと、
該スキャナによって切替えられた前記Vca,Vcell,Vanのそれぞれの電圧を測定する第4電圧測定手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第4電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置。 In a fuel cell AC impedance measuring device in which a cathode electrode divided into a main electrode and a divided electrode, and an anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode ;
A high terminal and a low terminal to which a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode is applied ;
A High terminal and a Low terminal to which a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is applied ;
A High terminal and a Low terminal to which a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode split electrode is applied ;
A scanner that sequentially switches the connection between the High terminal to which the Vca, Vcell, and Van are applied and the Low terminal;
A fourth voltage measuring means for measuring each voltage of the Vca, Vcell and Van switched by the scanner;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and a voltage waveform obtained by the current measuring means and the fourth voltage measuring means is also obtained. In addition, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is obtained from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j). An AC impedance measuring device for a fuel cell .
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極の間に電気的に直列に負荷装置及び電流計測手段を接続する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iac
を設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する工程と、
前記カソード本電極と前記アノード本電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する工程と、
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求める工程を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法。 In the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method in which the cathode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode and the anode electrode divided into the main electrode and the divided electrode are arranged to face each other across the solid polymer membrane,
Connecting a load device and current measuring means electrically in series between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
For the load device, the frequency f (j), the direct current value I (i), the superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac
A process of setting
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device to the fuel cell;
Measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode main electrode and the cathode split electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode main electrode and the anode split electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Based on the voltage waveforms obtained by the current measuring means and the first, second and third voltage measuring means, the AC impedance between the electrodes from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j), Zca (f (j) ), Zcell (f (j)), and Zan (f (j)) .
前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間のインピーダンスZan(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、アノード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記カソード反応の等価回路定数とアノード反応の等価回路定数から前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路定数を決定し、前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行う工程と
前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応のインピーダンスの測定結果Zcell(f(j))と前記シミュレーションの結果を比較して試験の信頼性の向上及び等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法。 A step of fitting, to determine the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction in the equivalent circuit model of the impedance Z ca (f (j)) between the cathode present electrode and the cathode split electrode,
A step of fitting, to determine the equivalent circuit constants of the anode reaction in the equivalent circuit model of the impedance Z an (f (j)) between the anode present electrode and the anode split electrode,
From the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction and the equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction, the equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is determined, and the impedance of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is simulated. Comparing the measurement results Zcell (f (j)) and the simulation results of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode with the results of the simulation and verifying the validity of the equivalent circuit model And a process of
The method for measuring an AC impedance of a fuel cell according to claim 3 , comprising:
前記カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路モデルを、前記カソード本電極とカソード分割電極間の等価回路モデルと前記アノード本電極とアノード分割電極間の等価回路モデルとを直列接続した等価回路モデルとし、アノード反応とカソード反応の等価回路定数を採用し、カソード本電極とアノード本電極間の反応の等価回路定数の決定を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法。 When simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode,
The equivalent circuit model of the reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is equivalent to the equivalent circuit model between the cathode main electrode and the cathode divided electrode and the equivalent circuit model between the anode main electrode and the anode divided electrode connected in series. 5. The fuel cell AC according to claim 4 , wherein an equivalent circuit constant of an anode reaction and a cathode reaction is adopted as a circuit model, and an equivalent circuit constant of a reaction between the cathode main electrode and the anode main electrode is determined. Impedance measurement method.
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段と、
前記参照電極とカソード電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する第1電圧計測手段と、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する第2電圧計測手段と、
前記アノード電極と前記参照電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する第3電圧計測手段と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する電子負荷制御部を備え、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加し、前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求めるように構成したことを特徴とする燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定装置。 A cathode electrode and an anode electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane, and are arranged on the anode side of the solid polymer membrane , and include a reference electrode formed by dividing and electrically separating the anode electrode In the fuel cell AC impedance measurement device,
A load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
First voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vca) between the reference electrode and the cathode electrode;
A second voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Third voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode electrode and the reference electrode;
An electronic load control unit for setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
A current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) is applied from the load device to the fuel cell, and the current measuring means and the first, second, and third voltage measuring means Based on the obtained voltage waveform, the AC impedance between each electrode, Zca (f (j)), Zcell (f (j)), Zan (f (j)) is calculated from the gain and phase at frequency f (j). An AC impedance measuring apparatus for a fuel cell, characterized in that the apparatus is configured to obtain .
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極の間に電気的に直列に接続された負荷装置及び電流計測手段を接続する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置制御部から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記カソード電極と参照電極間の電圧(Vca)を測定する工程と、
前記カソード電極と前記アノード電極間の電圧(Vcell)を測定する工程と、
前記アノード電極と参照電極間の電圧(Van)を測定する工程と、
前記負荷装置に対して周波数f(j)、直流電流値I(i)、重畳交流電流振幅Iacを設定する工程と、
前記負荷装置から前記燃料電池に対してI(i)±Iac×sin(2πf(j)t)の電流負荷を印加する工程と、
前記電流計測手段と前記第1、第2、第3電圧計測手段で得られる電圧波形をもとに、周波数f(j)におけるゲインとフェーズから各電極間の交流インピーダンス、Zca(f(j))、Zcell(f(j))、Zan(f(j))を求める工程を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法。 A cathode electrode and an anode electrode are arranged to face each other across a solid polymer membrane, and are arranged on the anode side of the solid polymer membrane , and include a reference electrode formed by dividing and electrically separating the anode electrode In the fuel cell AC impedance measurement method,
Connecting a load device and current measuring means electrically connected in series between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device controller to the fuel cell;
Measuring a voltage (Vca) between the cathode electrode and a reference electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Vcell) between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
Measuring a voltage (Van) between the anode electrode and a reference electrode;
Setting a frequency f (j), a direct current value I (i), and a superimposed alternating current amplitude Iac for the load device;
Applying a current load of I (i) ± Iac × sin (2πf (j) t) from the load device to the fuel cell;
Based on the voltage waveforms obtained by the current measuring means and the first, second and third voltage measuring means, the AC impedance between the electrodes from the gain and phase at the frequency f (j), Zca (f (j) ), Zcell (f (j) ), Zan AC impedance measuring method for a fuel cell characterized by comprising the step of determining the (f (j)).
前記アノード電極と参照電極間のインピーダンスZan(f(j))を等価回路モデルでフィッティングし、アノード反応の等価回路定数を決定する工程と、
前記カソード反応の等価回路定数とアノード反応の等価回路定数から前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路定数を決定し、前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応のインピーダンスのシミュレーションを行う工程と
前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応のインピーダンスの測定結果Zcell(f(j))と前記シミュレーションの結果を比較して試験の信頼性の向上及び等価回路モデルの妥当性を検証する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法 A step of said impedance Z ca between the cathode electrode and the reference electrode (f (j)) fitted by an equivalent circuit model to determine the equivalent circuit parameters of the cathodic reaction,
A step of fitting, to determine the equivalent circuit constants of the anode reaction in the equivalent circuit model of the impedance Z an (f (j)) between the reference electrode and the anode electrode,
Determining the equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode from the equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction and the equivalent circuit constant of the anode reaction, and simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; a step of verifying the validity of the response of the impedance of the measurement results Zcell (f (j)) and improved and an equivalent circuit model of the reliability of the test by comparing the results of the simulation between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode,
The method for measuring an AC impedance of a fuel cell according to claim 7 , comprising:
前記カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路モデルを、前記カソード電極と参照電極間の等価回路モデルと前記アノード電極と参照電極間の等価回路モデルとを直列接続した等価回路モデルとし、アノード反応とカソード反応の等価回路定数を採用し、カソード電極とアノード電極間の反応の等価回路定数の決定を行うことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の燃料電池の交流インピーダンス測定方法。 When simulating the impedance of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode,
The equivalent circuit model of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is an equivalent circuit model in which the equivalent circuit model between the cathode electrode and the reference electrode and the equivalent circuit model between the anode electrode and the reference electrode are connected in series. 9. The method of measuring an AC impedance of a fuel cell according to claim 8 , wherein an equivalent circuit constant of the reaction between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode is determined by using an equivalent circuit constant of the cathode reaction and the cathode reaction.
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