JP5203795B2 - Gas metal enclosure welding equipment for rod-shaped members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a welding apparatus for performing butt gas metal arc welding of a bar-shaped workpiece such as a deformed steel bar at the end thereof, and particularly comprises a backing metal part and a shield head part as a welding apparatus. The present invention relates to a gas metal enclosure welding apparatus to be performed.

  As a conventional gas shield means related to enclosed welding, a rectifying body is arranged in a flow path, and two upper and lower layers of shield gas flow rectified thereby are caused to collide with each other at a welding operation opening (for example, patents). Reference 1)), or a technique in which a plurality of narrow jet trains are ejected symmetrically with respect to the construction opening in a plurality of specific directions (for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-29204 Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-098621 JP-A-1-202367

  Patent Document 1 described above is an invention (1989) by the present inventors, and has been widely put into practical use with high performance as a gas shield means. However, since the constituent means is complicated, there is a problem that the processing cost of the shield device portion is very high.

Further, in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, a plurality of high-speed turbulent fine jet gas rows are arranged in a predetermined direction, and two rows are directed and ejected toward the material to be welded. Although it is a characteristic method, there has been a problem that the shielding property is deteriorated due to the entrainment of the outside air caused by directly jetting the high-speed jet into the welding work opening and the groove space. Further, the shield device has a problem that the structure is complicated and the processing cost is high as in the case of Patent Document 1.

Furthermore, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, the gas outlet, which is a main component, is opened to the groove space side at the upper part of the welding work groove space side, and the rectifier is also open to this opening. since it is installed facing the part, the uneven sputtering adheres to bias the shielding gas flow to these portions of Ru directly exposed to ultra-high temperature, high-speed sputtering generated during welding, the extreme case Has the problem of partially blocking the gas flow and degrading the shielding performance. For this reason, there has been a problem that cleaning work such as removal of spatter adhering to these parts and replacement of the rectifier itself must be frequently performed.

  The present invention is based on the simplification of the gas shielding means, and ensures a favorable gas shielding performance and avoids direct exposure of the rectifier as the main means of shielding to the sputtering. The present invention aims to provide a new "gas metal enclosure welding apparatus for rod-shaped members" which improves the use characteristics of the apparatus and solves the conventional problems as described above.

  Further, according to the present invention, the processing cost of the entire apparatus can be reduced by reducing the manufacturing cost of the backing metal used detachably integrated with the shield means.

The present invention provides a semi-cylindrical concave surface that substantially surrounds a predetermined portion at both ends of a pair of rod-shaped welded materials (M, M) that are coaxially arranged with a predetermined groove interval and whose groove surfaces face each other. A backing metal (11) having (11a) and a center-divided surface of a semi-cylindrical concave surface that is inserted to face a predetermined center portion of the backing metal (11) and serves as an upper surface of the backing metal (11) And a shield head member (A) having a semi-cylindrical concave surface (1a) surrounding the remaining upper half circumference of both ends of the work piece (M, M) on the side facing the meeting surface (12). ,
The rectangular shield head opening for welding operations which are penetrating in a vertical direction with respect to the associated surface in the central portion of the shield head member (A) (12) has (A1), the opening (A1 The outer shape of the welded material (M, M) provided at a distance equal to or greater than the groove interval perpendicularly to the meeting surface (12) along the long diameter surface parallel to the groove surface of At least a pair of shield gas guide grooves (2d) having a width greater than or equal to the same dimension , and a semicircular notch with a predetermined width along the outer periphery of the material to be welded (M, M) at the lower end portion of the guide grooves (2d) Gas metal for the rod-shaped member, characterized in that a rectifier (5) is provided in the middle portion of the guide groove (2d) for uniformizing the discharged shield gas flow. The present invention relates to an enclosing welding apparatus.

And, according to the present invention, as defined in claim 2, the shield head member (A) is separably engaged with each other, and predetermined portions at both ends to which the welded materials (M, M) are joined are provided. A steel slab having a semicylindrical concave surface (11a) that surrounds a substantially half circumference , and is thermally cut from a plate having a predetermined thickness into a predetermined shape in a vertical cross section of the axis of the semicylindrical concave surface (11a) (11A, 11B) A plurality of (11A, 11B) is laminated with the same shape surface, and a backing metal formed into a desired backing metal shape by welding in a direction crossing all the lamination interface lines on the outer surface. The gas metal enclosure welding apparatus for the rod-shaped member according to Item 1 is an embodiment.

The present invention is configured as described in claim 1, that is, at both ends of a pair of rod-shaped welded materials (M, M) having a predetermined groove interval and coaxially arranged with a groove surface facing each other. A backing metal (11) having a semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) that surrounds the predetermined portion approximately half-circumferentially, and inserted into the central predetermined portion of the backing metal (11) and of the backing metal (11) A semi-cylindrical concave surface (1a) surrounding the remaining upper half of the both ends of the work piece (M, M) on the side facing the meeting surface (12), which is the center dividing surface of the semi-cylindrical concave surface serving as the upper surface ) Having a rectangular shield head opening for welding operation penetrating in a direction perpendicular to the meeting surface (12) at the center of the shield head member (A). There are parts (A1), the opening a minimum of root gap perpendicular to the associated surfaces along the major axis plane (12) parallel to face the groove surface of the (A1) away Provided Te, and at least one pair of shielding gas guide groove having a contour substantially the same dimension or width of the workpieces (M, M) (2d) , the material to be welded to the lower end portion of the guide groove (2d) ( M, M) are provided with a semicircular cutout portion (2a) having a predetermined width along the outer periphery of the guide groove (2a) so as to face each other, and a rectifier for uniformizing the flow of shield gas to be discharged at the intermediate portion of the guide groove (2d). (5) is arranged so that the shield space by the shield gas in the groove space W and welding space, which is the premise of enclose welding, and the good usability in welding construction are extremely simple. This can be achieved by inexpensive means. Further, since the backing metal 11 for backing up the backing material 30 is not directly exposed to an ultra-high temperature arc, use of an inexpensive steel material is permitted.

The present invention is configured as described in claim 2, that is, a predetermined portion of both end portions to be welded to the shield head member (A) and to which the materials to be welded (M, M) are joined. Is a backing metal having a semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) that surrounds substantially half of the circumference , and is heat-cut from a plate having a predetermined thickness into a predetermined shape in a vertical cross section of the axis of the semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) Laminate multiple pieces (11A, 11B) so that the same surface is matched, and use the backing metal that is welded in the direction crossing all the lamination interface lines on the outer surface to form the required backing metal shape. By configuring
Block formation of the backing metal 11 will be achieved based on the reuse of waste material such as a relatively thin plate . In other words, since the backing metal is manufactured based on an inexpensive processing method that mainly uses thermal cutting and welding while omitting machining as much as possible, the manufacturing cost of the backing metal such as raw material costs and processing costs can be significantly reduced. it can.

In the present invention, the shield head member A shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is connected to the backing metal member B as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the shield as shown in FIGS. The present invention relates to a welding apparatus for performing welding on the groove space W substantially perpendicular to the welding material axis in a state where the head A and the backing metal B are connected with the welding material sandwiched therebetween.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show the shield head member A alone. That is, the shield head A member has shield side walls 3 and 3 attached to the inner surfaces of the opposing front and rear engagement arms 4 and 4 (see FIG. 2), and both sides of the engagement arms 4 and 4 are attached. The shield gas introduction bodies 1 and 1 are installed near the upper edge of the part, and the shield gas discharge bodies 2 and 2 are attached to the inner part thereof. The engaging arms 4 and 4 are for clamping and fixing to a backing metal 11 of a backing metal member B, which will be described later, at a portion near the lower edge thereof. The engagement arms 4 and 4 are perpendicular to the meeting surface 12 of the shield head member A and the backing metal 11 described later, and a gap is formed in the meeting surface 12 by blocking those side surfaces. In addition, it has a function to prevent outside air from entering the groove space from the side.

Further, at the central portion of the shield head member A, the shield gas discharge bodies 2 and 2 and the shield side wall bodies 3 and 3 make the axial direction of the welded materials M and M, which will be described later , the short side and the welded material. A shield head opening A1 having a rectangular shape with a long side extending in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of M, M , that is, a direction parallel to the groove surface, is formed to penetrate .

  Further, a semicircular (half-cylindrical) cutout for forming a semicircular shield gas discharge port is formed below the long side facing surface of the opening A1, that is, in the lower half of the shield gas discharge bodies 2 and 2. A portion 2a (see FIG. 3) is provided, and a semicircular shield gas discharge port 1e (see FIG. 7) is formed on the basis of the semicircular cutout portion 2a in a state where the material to be welded T is fixed. It is comprised so that.

  In addition, a semicircular (semi-cylindrical) cutout portion 1a having a radius larger than that of the material to be welded is formed at the lower edge of the shield gas introduction body 1 and 1, and is formed in the upper half of the material to be welded. It is comprised so that it may be located along.

The above-described shield gas introduction bodies 1 and 1 are provided with shield gas introduction holes 1b through a plurality of shield gas ejection ports 1c arranged toward the opposite long side of the opening A1. A passage that communicates with the shield gas guide groove 2a and further reaches the shield gas discharge port 1e (see FIG. 7) is formed. Reference numerals 1d and 1d denote gas introduction pipes connected to the shield gas introduction bodies 1 and 1 described above.

  A rectifier 5 is disposed in the middle of the shield gas guide groove 2d, and is configured to rectify and equalize the high-speed non-uniform gas flow ejected from the shield gas ejection port 1c.

The engaging arms 4 and 4 described above cut off the side surfaces of the shield head member A and the backing metal member B, which will be described later, perpendicular to the meeting surface of the backing metal 11, and leave a gap in the meeting surface. Even if it occurs, it is configured to work a function to prevent outside air from entering the groove space from the side.

4 and 5 show a backing metal member B. The backing metal member B is placed on the backing metal 11 having the following form and the upper surfaces of both side portions thereof. Fastening arms 10 and 10 pivotally supported at one end to hold M, fastening bolts 8 and 8 and fastening nuts 9 for fastening the fastening arms 10 and 10 at the other end , 9. Then, the backing metal 11 is cut in the shield head member A and when made to face the workpieces M in association surface 12 (FIG. 7 refer), a predetermined amount larger radius of semicircular than M (semi-cylindrical) A notch, that is, a semi-cylindrical concave surface 11a is formed. A storage pocket 11b for storing a backing material 30, which will be described later, is formed at the central portion of the semi-cylindrical concave surface 11a.

FIG. 6 shows the backing metal 11 alone. Usually, the backing metal 11 is integrally formed from the same material by means of die cutting or forging. The meeting surface 12 facing the shield head member A is provided with a semi-cylindrical concave surface 11a for contacting the workpieces M and M to be welded. Further, a storage pocket 11b having a belt-like predetermined depth is provided at the longitudinal center of the concave surface. A backing material 30 is disposed in the pocket 11b. This is the backing strip 30, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and ceramics to form the cylindrical inner surface to the strip is used housed in the storage pocket 11b. The depth of the storage pocket 11b is determined by the arc resistance of the non-metallic backing material, and 4 mm or more is appropriate for the ceramic backing material. The width should be 15mm or more in order to secure the weld metal outflow prevention effect.

FIG. 10 shows a backing metal according to another embodiment of the backing metal 11 described above, and the arm backing metal 11A and the pocket backing metal that are cut out from the steel plate into a predetermined shape by laser cutting or the like. A plurality of 11Bs are aligned and stacked, and are integrated by welding strips 11C formed by means of TIG welding, laser welding or the like in a direction perpendicular to the stacking surface. That is, when the backing metal is made of a piece of metal material as shown in FIG. 6 , naturally a large material is required. However, by adopting the configuration shown in FIG. formation of the backing metal based on the use can the that Do.

7 to 9 show an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a state in which the shield head member A and the backing metal member B are set to be welded materials M and M which are to be welded and are opposed to each other with a predetermined interval. It represents. That is, this is a case where the workpieces M and M are arranged in the horizontal direction and welded. The backing metal member B and the shield head member A are connected and fixed to each other by the engagement arm 4. In addition, a tightening mechanism as described above is provided at both ends of the backing metal member B , and this is fastened and fixed to the weld ends of the pair of materials to be welded M. .

In the state shown in the figure, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the joining surfaces of a pair of materials to be welded M, M are arranged at a predetermined groove interval, and both joint ends of the materials to be welded M, M are arranged. The backing metal member B is applied from below from across . At that time, the backing material 30 is stored in the storage pocket 11 b of the backing metal 11. Then, the fastening arm 10 is rotated and fitted to the materials to be welded M, M, and fastened by the fastening nut 9 to be fixed in a state where the ends of the materials to be welded are bridged. At that time, by arranging the backing material 30 so as to slightly protrude from the semi-cylindrical inner surfaces 11a, 11a of the backing metal 11, the adhesion between the backing material 30 and the welded materials M, M can be improved. it can. Next, the engagement arm 4 of the shield head member A is inserted and fitted into the center portion of the backing metal 11. As a result, a work space for welding work is formed at the ends of the workpieces M and M.

In the set state as described above, the rectified uniform shield gas passes through the shield gas discharge port 1e through the shield gas introduction hole 1b, the shield gas ejection port 1c, the rectifier 5 and the shield gas guide groove 2d. It is supplied to the space W. The shield gas guide groove 2d is opened in parallel to the opposing long sides of the shield head opening A1, and the gas flow rectified after passing through the rectifier 5 is directed downward and the surface of the workpiece to be welded and the shield head member A. In addition, the gap with the backing metal 11 and the groove space W are filled to exclude outside air from the construction space as a whole . Most of the rectified gas toward the groove center portion while along the workpieces M, a surface of the material to be welded M surface by collision and bent into a semi-cylindrical shape of the M, where counter flow and association and collision again with After being refracted and flowing downward toward the groove depth and flowing toward the opening to fill the groove space W, the flow flows out from the shield head opening.

Further, when the rectified gas flow directed downward and the materials to be welded M and M collide, the flow toward the opposite side of the main flow toward the groove direction, the materials to be welded M and M, The gap between the backing metal 11 and the semicylindrical concave surfaces 11a and 11as is directed downward, that is, a secondary flow is generated. These secondary flows flow outside along the gaps between the backing metal 11, the shield head member A, and the workpieces M and M, thereby preventing the outside air from entering through the gaps.

As described above, as shown in FIG. 9, at least a pair of rectified and uniform flows having a discharge width substantially equal to or larger than the outer shape of the workpieces M and M are applied to the surfaces of the workpieces M and M. By simple means of directing vertically at a predetermined interval, a multi-directional flow from the inside of the groove space W toward the outside is generated as a whole, and the groove space W is always kept in a good shield state. be able to.

After that, the welding wire is inserted into the groove space W through the opening through the contact tip of the welding torch, a welding arc is generated at the bottom, and the groove surface is melted and fused according to the filling height of the weld metal. In order to form an appropriate weld bead on the opposite side of the welding direction, operations such as traversing, scanning, and reversing the arc along the substantially circular groove surface and adding semi-weaving in the groove surface direction, etc. Are sequentially repeated. In this way, the weld metal is completely filled in the groove, and an appropriate surplus is added to complete the joint.

In the above-described embodiment, the welded material is arranged in the horizontal direction. However, even when the welded material is arranged in the vertical direction or in the inclined direction, the shield state of the present invention is the same as that of the welded material. Since it is not affected by the arrangement and is not affected by this, it is completely the same as the present embodiment in principle. The present invention can be implemented in such a form.

In the present invention, a non-metallic backing material is applied via a metal backing metal member B to the groove space W between the welded materials M and M, and a substantially half circumference of the joint end portion thereof, and further, the welded material. The shield head member A is inserted into and connected to the backing metal member B in a state of facing the backing metal member B with M and M interposed therebetween. Thus, the end portions of the materials to be welded M, M and the groove space W are surrounded by the nonmetallic backing material 30 backed up by the backing metal 11 and the shield head member A. Then, a welding wire is inserted into the groove space W through the welding contact tip from the opening A1 for welding construction provided in the shield head member A, and an arc is formed and manipulated from the inner part to weld the weld metal. At the same time as placing in the space, the welded surfaces M and M are joined by fusing the groove surfaces.

During this welding, the material to be welded at the bottom of the shielding gas discharge 2, 2 disposed toward vertically downward along the major axis of opposing openings A1 M, and a predetermined radius retained against the outer periphery of the M Opening along the surface in the axial direction of the workpieces M and M based on the collision by causing the shield gas to collide and discharge to the workpieces M and M from a pair of shield gas discharge ports 1e provided in a substantially half-circumferential range. The secondary flow that is the flow toward the part A1 and the groove center is generated. At the same time, a flow in the opposite direction and downward is created. These shielding gas flow, since a small uniform series of flow of the rectified turbulence through the rectifying member 5 provided in the shielding gas discharge grooves 2d, to flow out as a mainstream from the discharge port 1e Therefore, by flowing out as a secondary flow from the small gaps between the parts to be welded M and M and the respective parts of the enclosing welding apparatus, the risk of outside air being caught in the construction space is minimized.

The mainstream described above meets along the workpieces M and M just above the groove space W and fills and stays in the space, and then prevents the outside air from entering the upper opening A1. Then, the secondary flow flows outward from the gap between the welded material and the backing metal in the direction opposite to the flow and toward the bottom, and blocks the entry of outside air from the gap. In this way, the groove space W can be reliably gas-sealed with the shielding gas. The rectifier 5 for making the shield gas flow uniform is disposed in the back of the shield gas guide grooves 2d and 2d where the spatter away from the shield gas discharge ports 1e and 1e does not directly enter, so that spatter generated during welding is generated. Is not directly exposed to. Therefore, complicated and frequent cleaning management for the shield head member A can be remarkably reduced, and the usability of the apparatus can be greatly improved.

Incidentally, the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is engaged and integrated with the shield head member A so as to surround the joint portion of the materials to be welded M and M, and to back up the non-metallic backing material to constitute the welding construction space. As the metal 11, a rectangular plate cut from a general-purpose thickness steel plate into a predetermined semi-circular shape is formed by thermal cutting, and a plurality of these are laminated so that the semi-circular portion forms a semi-cylinder, The backing metal block is formed by cross-welding and integrating a group of laminated interface lines between the rectangular plates.

In the present invention, the welding arc directly acts on the non-metallic backing material, and the backing metal itself as a backup function is not directly exposed to the super high temperature welding arc. However, in conventional enclose welding, a very thick block of copper and copper alloy, which is expensive from the viewpoint of thermal diffusibility with respect to the welding arc, was used as the backing metal material, and this was formed by machining. It was produced at a high processing cost. On the other hand, by adopting the configuration as described above (configuration shown in FIG. 10), a steel plate as the most versatile and inexpensive material can be used. By combining processing technologies that are much cheaper in comparison, the material costs and processing costs of the backing metal can be significantly reduced. Also, various means can be applied to the means for forming a large functional block body as a whole by laminating a plurality of regular cross-sectional shapes from a relatively thin plate and combining them with appropriate means. As a material, it can be used for metals and ceramics other than steel.

It is a front view showing the shield head member which is the principal part in this invention. It is a top view same as the above. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a front view of the backing metal member which is the principal part in this invention. It is a side view same as the above. It is the perspective view which represented the backing money independently. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the center of a to-be-welded material axis | shaft in the state which pinched | interposed the to-be-welded material between the shield head member and backing metal. It is a cross-sectional view in the center of the opening same as above. It is a schematic diagram which shows the shield state by a shield gas flow in the state shown in FIG. It is a perspective view showing other examples of backing money.

A Shield head member A1 Shield head opening 1 Shield gas introduction body
1a Semi-circular cutout
1b Shield gas introduction hole
1c Shield gas outlet
1d gas inlet pipe
1e Shield gas outlet
2 Shield gas discharger
2a Semi-circular cutout for forming shield gas outlet
2d Shield gas guide groove
3 Shield side wall 4 Engaging arm 5 Rectifier B Backing metal member 8 Clamping bolt 9 Clamping nut
10 Tightening arm
11 Backing money
11a Semi-cylindrical concave surface
11b storage pocket
30 Backing material M Welded material W Groove space
11A Arm part backing gold
11B pocket pocket back money
11C welding strip
12 Meeting

Claims (2)

A semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) that surrounds a predetermined portion of both ends of a pair of rod-shaped workpieces (M, M) that are coaxially arranged with a predetermined groove interval and facing the groove surfaces facing each other in a substantially semicircular manner. a backing metal (11) having a central predetermined portion opposite to be inserted into and associated surface is the center dividing plane of the semi-cylindrical concave surface as a top surface of the backing metal (11) of the backing metal (11) And (12) a shield head member (A) having a semi-cylindrical concave surface (1a) surrounding the remaining upper half circumference of the both ends of the material to be welded (M, M) on the side facing to (12) ,
The rectangular shield head opening for welding operations which are penetrating in a vertical direction with respect to the associated surface in the central portion of the shield head member (A) (12) has (A1), the opening (A1 The outer shape of the welded material (M, M) provided at a distance equal to or greater than the groove interval perpendicularly to the meeting surface (12) along the long diameter surface parallel to the groove surface of At least a pair of shield gas guide grooves (2d) having a width greater than or equal to the same dimension , and a semicircular notch with a predetermined width along the outer periphery of the material to be welded (M, M) at the lower end portion of the guide grooves (2d) A portion (2a) is provided oppositely,
A gas metal enclosure welding apparatus for a rod-shaped member, characterized in that a rectifying body (5) for uniformizing a flow of shield gas to be discharged is disposed in an intermediate portion of the guide groove (2d). A back surface having a semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) that engages with the shield head member (A) in a separable manner and surrounds a predetermined portion at both ends to which the welded materials (M, M) are joined. A plurality of steel pieces (11A, 11B) that are thermally cut to a predetermined shape in a vertical cross section of the semi-cylindrical concave surface (11a) axis from a plate with a predetermined thickness so as to match the same shape surface. 2. A gas metal enclosure welding apparatus for a rod-shaped member according to claim 1, wherein the backing metal is formed into a required backing metal shape by welding in a direction crossing all the laminated interface lines on the outer surface thereof. .

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