JP5214520B2 - IC card processing device, IC card processing method, and IC card - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-contact communication medium called an IC card including an IC (Integrated Circuit) chip having control elements such as a CPU, ROM, RAM, and EEPROM. The present invention also relates to a medium processing apparatus and a medium processing method for processing such a non-contact communication medium.

  In recent years, IC cards having various functions have appeared. For example, an IC card having a contact interface composed of metal terminals and a non-contact interface composed of an antenna for transmitting and receiving radio waves has appeared (see Patent Document 1).

  With the advent of these IC cards, the use of IC cards has expanded. For example, IC cards are not only used for payment of credit cards, commuter passes, passports, licenses, and other commercial transactions, but also employee cards, membership cards, insurance cards. It is also used in various fields as an ID card.

  For example, a contactless IC card conforming to ISO / IEC14443TypeB is known, and a contactless IC card reader / writer obtains card information from the contactless IC card after an anti-collision sequence. ing. That is, the non-contact IC card reader / writer transmits a REQB command to the non-contact IC card, receives a response from the non-contact IC card, and further transmits an ATTRIB command to the non-contact IC card. After receiving the response from the card, the card information is acquired from the non-contact IC card.

  Specifically, the non-contact IC card reader / writer transmits a select command and a read command to the non-contact IC card after the anti-collision sequence, and acquires card information from the non-contact IC card. This select command is a command for selecting a file storing card information of a non-contact IC card. When the non-contact IC card receives the select command, the non-contact IC card selects the file instructed to be selected by the select command. When the read command is received, the non-contact IC card transmits the selected file to the non-contact IC card reader / writer.

JP 2005-216234 A

  As described above, the non-contact IC card reader / writer reads card information from the non-contact IC card conforming to ISO / IEC14443TypeB by the select command and the read command after the anti-collision sequence. For this reason, a lot of processing time is spent until the card information is acquired.

  For example, a case is assumed where the power supply to the non-contact IC card is interrupted during the anti-collision sequence period or until the read command is transmitted, or a communication abnormality occurs due to the influence of disturbance noise or the like. In such a case, it is necessary to redo the command retry or anti-collision sequence, and more processing time is consumed.

An object of the present invention is to provide an IC card processing device (non-contact IC card reader / writer), an IC card processing method, and an IC card (non-contact IC card) excellent in shortening the processing time until card information acquisition. It is in.

An IC card processing apparatus (non-contact IC card reader / writer) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit that communicates with an IC card (non-contact IC card) including an IC module, and the communication unit. An IC card selection command for transmitting an initial response command (REQB) to the IC card , receiving a first response (ATQB) corresponding to the initial response command from the IC card, and selecting the IC card. (ATTRIB) sends, in a second response corresponding to the IC card selection command from the IC card (Answer-to ATTRIB) period for receiving a (anti-collision sequence), acquires IC card information of the IC card, Execution means for executing processing according to the IC card information.

An IC card processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits an initial response command (REQB) to an IC card (non-contact IC card) including an IC module, and responds to the initial response command from the IC card. the first receives the response (ATQB), and transmits the IC card of the IC card selection for selecting commands (ATTRIB), the second response (Answer-to corresponding to the IC card selection command from the IC card in the period of receiving ATTRIB) (anti-collision sequence), acquires IC card information of the IC card executes processing corresponding to the IC card information.

An IC card (non-contact IC card) according to an embodiment of the present invention is an IC card including an IC module, and communication means for communicating with an IC card processing device (non-contact IC card reader / writer); An initial response command (REQB) from the IC card processing device is received via the communication means, a first response (ATQB) corresponding to the initial response command is transmitted to the IC card processing device, and receiving the IC card selection command (ATTRIB) from the IC card processing apparatus, the IC second response (Answer-to ATTRIB) duration of sending corresponding to the IC card selection command to the card processor (anti-collision sequence in), and transmits the IC card information, to respond to execution of processing according to the IC card information from the IC card processing apparatus It includes a response means.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an IC card processing device (non-contact IC card reader / writer), an IC card processing method, and an IC card (non-contact IC card) that are excellent in shortening the processing time until card information acquisition.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a contactless IC card system (also called a smart card system) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the non-contact card reader / writer concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the non-contact IC card which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for showing an example of the 1st acquisition processing for acquiring card information. It is a figure for showing an example of the 2nd acquisition processing for acquiring card information. It is a figure which shows an example of an ATTRIB command format. It is a figure which shows an example of an Answer To ATTRIB response format. It is a figure which shows an example of a REQB command format. It is a figure which shows an example of the ATQB response format corresponding to support of Extended ATQB.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  For example, an ISO / IEC14443TypeB compliant non-contact IC card and a non-contact IC card reader / writer will be described. The non-contact IC card reader / writer transmits command data to the non-contact IC card. After receiving the command data, the non-contact IC card executes processing and sends the processing result to the non-contact IC card reader / writer as response data. Send as. With such a communication protocol, the non-contact IC card reader / writer reads card characteristic information from the non-contact IC card.

  In the present invention, the non-contact IC card reader / writer reads card characteristic information from the non-contact IC card in the anti-collision sequence. For example, the non-contact IC card reader / writer reads the card feature information from the non-contact IC card using an optional function of an initialization command or a collision prevention command transmitted to the non-contact IC card. Thereby, it is possible to significantly reduce the processing time until the card characteristic information is acquired.

  The anti-collision sequence is a sequence for preventing a radio wave interference problem between the non-contact IC card reader / writer and the plurality of non-contact IC cards by using the initialization command or the collision prevention command described above. Since the contact IC card reader / writer and the contact IC card communicate on a one-to-one basis, an anti-collision sequence is not necessary. However, when a plurality of non-contact IC cards exist in the communication range of the non-contact IC card reader / writer, communication from these non-contact IC cards may cause a collision. The anti-collision sequence is a sequence for avoiding such a collision.

  With the above-described anti-collision sequence, communication between one non-contact IC card reader / writer and one non-contact IC card can be established. After such communication is established, information on the non-contact IC card is transmitted to the non-contact IC card reader / writer. That is, in the contact type communication method, card information can be transmitted relatively quickly without applying the anti-collision sequence. On the other hand, in the non-contact type communication method, since the anti-collision sequence is applied, the card information cannot be transmitted relatively quickly.

  In addition, the file structure defined by ISO / IEC14443TypeA is simplified than the file structure defined by ISO / IEC14443TypeB. For this reason, in the IC card system compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeA, card information can be acquired in a relatively fast sequence as compared with the IC card system compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeB.

  As described above, in an IC card system compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeB, it takes time to acquire card information. In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, the non-contact IC card reader / writer reads card characteristic information from the non-contact IC card in the anti-collision sequence. Details thereof will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a contactless IC card system (also called a smart card system) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the non-contact IC card system includes a terminal 1 and a non-contact IC card 2 (non-contact communication medium). The terminal 1 includes a main body (higher-level device) 11, a display 12, a keyboard 13, and a contactless card reader / writer 14. The terminal 1 is configured to be communicable with the non-contact IC card 2, and the terminal 1 transmits data to the non-contact IC card 2 and receives data from the non-contact IC card 2.

  The main body 11 can selectively execute a plurality of communication methods (ISO / IEC 14443 Type-A / B, FeliCa, etc.) and a plurality of applications. The display 12 displays a result of communication with the non-contact IC card 2 and an authentication result. The keyboard 13 inputs characters and numbers to the main body 11. The non-contact card reader / writer 14 communicates with the non-contact IC card 2.

  In this embodiment, the case where the non-contact IC card 2 is a non-contact type card will be described. However, the non-contact IC card 2 is a combination type card that supports both the non-contact type and the contact type. There may be.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the contactless card reader / writer 14 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the contactless card reader / writer 14 includes an antenna 141, a communication I / F 142, a CPU 143, a data memory 144, a RAM 145, and a ROM 146.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a non-contact IC card according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the non-contact IC card 2 is, for example, a plastic card, and includes an IC chip 20 (IC module). The IC chip 20 includes a modulation / demodulation unit 201, a CPU 202, and a co-processor. 203, a memory 204, and a power generation unit 205. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the non-contact IC card 2 includes an antenna 21.

  The antenna 141 of the contactless card reader / writer 14 communicates with the antenna 21 of the contactless IC card 2 in a contactless manner, and transmits and receives data between the contactless card reader / writer 14 and the contactless IC card 2. The communication I / F 142 controls input / output of data transmitted to the non-contact IC card 2 and data received from the non-contact IC card 2. Further, the CPU 143 controls communication with the non-contact IC card 2.

  The data memory 144 is a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM or FRAM. The RAM 145 is a work memory that temporarily stores data transmitted from, for example, the non-contact IC card 2. The ROM 146 is a memory that stores a control program and the like.

  On the other hand, the antenna 21 of the contactless IC card 2 communicates with the antenna 141 of the contactless card reader / writer 14 in a contactless manner, and transmits and receives data between the contactless IC card 2 and the contactless card reader / writer 14. . The modulation / demodulation unit 201 is connected to the antenna 21 and modulates data to be transmitted to the contactless card reader / writer 14 or demodulates data received from the contactless card reader / writer 14.

  The CPU 202 executes various processes based on various commands from the contactless card reader / writer 14. The coprocessor 203 encrypts various data. The memory 204 is a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM or FRAM, and stores various data. The power generation unit 205 generates a stabilized DC voltage by rectifying and smoothing the received power wave with a rectifier circuit, and supplies it to each unit as an operating voltage.

  Next, the communication protocol of ISO / IEC14443TypeB will be described. When the non-contact IC card 2 enters the operating magnetic field region radiated by the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14, the non-contact IC card 2 is activated within 5 ms and enters an idle state.

  The non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 transmits REQB (Request Command Type B) or WUPB (Wake Up command Type B) for requesting an initial response. When the contactless IC card 2 normally receives REQB or WUPB (Wake Up command TypeB), it transmits ATQB (Answer To Request command TypeB) to the contactless IC card reader / writer 14. REQB and WUPB are used to detect whether or not the non-contact IC card 2 of ISO / IEC14443TypeB exists in the operating magnetic field.

  Next, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 transmits an ATTRIB command to select the non-contact IC card 2. When the non-contact IC card 2 normally receives the ATTRIB command, it transmits Answer To ATTRIB as a response to the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14. Thereafter, the process proceeds to each command processing.

  The non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 modulates the amplitude of the carrier wave (13.56 MHz) by about 10%, and transmits the NRZ encoded data to the non-contact IC card 2. The non-contact IC card 2 modulates the phase using a subcarrier (847.5 kHz) corresponding to 1/16 of the carrier wave, and transmits an NRZ encoded response to the non-contact IC card reader / writer. .

  Next, acquisition of card characteristic information (hereinafter, card information) stored in the non-contact IC card 2 will be described.

  First, acquisition of card information of a contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC7816 will be described. The card information of the contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC7816 is included in ATR (Answer to reset). For example, card information is stored in a historical character in an ATR frame. The card reader / writer acquires the card information included in the received ATR. That is, the card reader / writer can acquire the card information in the initial response period. When processing a contact IC card, the card reader / writer and the contact IC card come into contact with each other to perform communication. For this reason, the card information transmitted from the contact IC card is difficult to steal. For this reason, the contact IC card can transmit card information to the card reader / writer by ATR.

  Next, acquisition of card information of a non-contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeA will be described. After the anti-collision sequence, the card reader / writer transmits a RATS (Request for Answer To Select) command to the IC card, and specifies that the card information is stored in the historical character in the ATS (Answer To Select). . The IC card that has received the RATS command transmits the ATS storing the card information to the card reader / writer. The card reader / writer receives the ATS and acquires card information included in the ATS.

  Subsequently, a first acquisition process of card information of a non-contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeB will be described. For example, the card reader / writer transmits a select command to the IC card after the anti-collision sequence. This select command includes a command for selecting a file storing card information of the IC card. The IC card that has received the select command selects a file storing card information. Further, the card reader / writer transmits a read command to the IC card. The IC card that has received this read command transmits the card information in the selected file to the card reader / writer. Thereby, the card reader / writer can receive the card information in response to the transmission of the read command. Thus, in the first acquisition process, after the anti-collision sequence, the select command is transmitted, and further the read command is transmitted to acquire the card information. Therefore, a large amount of processing time is required until the card information is acquired. Is spent.

  For example, a case is assumed where the power supply to the non-contact IC card is interrupted during the anti-collision sequence period or until the read command is transmitted, or a communication abnormality occurs due to the influence of disturbance noise or the like. In such a case, it is necessary to redo the command retry or anti-collision sequence, and more processing time is consumed.

  Subsequently, a second acquisition process of card information of a non-contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeB will be described. By this second acquisition process, it is possible to shorten the time until the card information is acquired. In the second acquisition process, the CPU 143 of the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 acquires card information by using an ATTRIB command transmitted to the non-contact IC card 2 during the anti-collision sequence.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) transmits REQB to the non-contact IC card 2 (ST11). REQB is used to detect whether or not the non-contact IC card 2 of ISO / IEC14443TypeB exists in the operating magnetic field. The non-contact IC card 2 (CPU 202) receives REQB (ST12), and transmits an ATQB response to the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (ST13). The ATQB response includes protocol information such as a unique identifier, a supported communication speed, and a maximum frame size.

  Subsequently, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) receives the ATQB response (ST14), and transmits an ATTRIB command to select the non-contact IC card 2 (ST15). The ATTRIB command is a command for selecting a card detected by the REQB command, and the card information is read from the non-contact IC card 2 using an optional function of the ATTRIB command. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the ATTRIB command format. As shown in FIG. 6, the ATTRIB command can add a higher layer INF part as an option setting. A file ID storing card information of the non-contact IC card 2 is designated by the higher layer INF part. That is, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 transmits an ATTRIB command to which a higher layer INF portion including file ID designation information is added.

  The non-contact IC card 2 (CPU 202) receives the ATTRIB command (ST16), and transmits an Answer To ATTRIB response to the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (ST17). FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the Answer To ATTRIB response format. The contactless IC card 2 selects a file storing card information according to the file ID designation information included in the higher layer INF part added to the ATTRIB command, and includes Answer To ATTRIB including the card information stored in the selected file. Send a response. As shown in FIG. 7, the higher layer response part of the Answer To ATTRIB response includes card information.

  The non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) receives the Answer To ATTRIB response (ST18), acquires the card information included in the Answer To ATTRIB response (ST19), and proceeds to various processes according to the card information. To do. The non-contact IC card 2 responds to the execution of these various processes.

  As described above, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) can acquire card information from the non-contact IC card 2 during the anti-collision sequence.

  Subsequently, a third acquisition process of card information of a non-contact IC card compliant with ISO / IEC14443TypeB will be described. With this third acquisition process, it is possible to shorten the time until the card information is acquired. In the third acquisition process, the CPU 143 of the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 acquires card information using the REQB command transmitted to the non-contact IC card 2 during the anti-collision sequence.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) transmits a REQB command to the non-contact IC card 2 (ST21). REQB is used to detect whether or not the non-contact IC card 2 of ISO / IEC14443TypeB exists in the operating magnetic field. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the REQB command format. As shown in FIG. 8, the REQB command includes PARAM, and PARAM includes a bit indicating the extended ATQB support status. Setting this bit to H indicates that Extended ATQB is supported, and setting this bit to L indicates that Extended ATQB is not supported.

  The non-contact IC card 2 (CPU 202) receives the REQB command (REQB command including information for requesting card information) indicating the support of Extended ATQB (ST22), and the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 An ATQB response is transmitted (ST23). The ATQB response includes protocol information such as a unique identifier, a supported communication speed, and a maximum frame size. When the contactless IC card 2 (CPU 202) detects that Extended ATQB is supported from the received REQB command, it transmits an ATQB response corresponding to the support of Extended ATQB. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an ATQB response format corresponding to Extended ATQB support. As shown in FIG. 9, the ATQB response includes a Protocol info field, and the Protocol info field includes an Extended ATQB response at the fourth byte. The RFU part of this Extended ATQB stores card information.

  The non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) receives the ATQB response (ST24), and acquires card information stored in the RFU part of the ATQB response (ST25). Subsequently, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) transmits an ATTRIB command to select the non-contact IC card 2 (ST26). The non-contact IC card 2 (CPU 202) receives the ATTRIB command (ST27), and transmits an Answer To ATTRIB response to the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (ST28). The non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) receives the Answer To ATTRIB response (ST29), and shifts to various processes according to the acquired card information. The non-contact IC card 2 responds to the execution of these various processes.

  As described above, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 (CPU 143) can acquire card information from the non-contact IC card 2 during the anti-collision sequence.

  In the above description, the case where the non-contact IC card 2 transmits an ATQB response including card information to the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 is described. However, the card information is added after the ATQB response and transmitted. May be.

  As described above, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 acquires card information from the IC card 2 using the option of the ATTRIB command during the anti-collision sequence period. Alternatively, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 acquires card information from the IC card 2 using an REQB command indicating extended ATQB support during the anti-collision sequence period. Thereby, it is possible to significantly reduce the processing time until the card information is acquired.

  Since communication between the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 and the non-contact IC card 2 is non-contact, it is necessary to prevent card information from being stolen by easy communication. That is, if the contactless IC card 2 easily transmits card information to the contactless IC card reader / writer 14, the card information may be stolen. Therefore, the card information is transmitted in the anti-collision sequence period by adopting the method as described above.

  For example, the non-contact IC card reader / writer 14 selectively executes acquisition of card information by the ATTRIB command (first acquisition process) and acquisition of card information by the REQB command (second acquisition process). , Card information is more difficult to be stolen. Instead of simply selecting the acquisition of card information by the ATTRIB command (first acquisition process) and the acquisition of card information by the REQB command, the card information is randomly acquired by the ATTRIB command (first acquisition process). ) And the acquisition of card information by the REQB command, the card information is more difficult to be stolen.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, the embodiments may be appropriately combined as much as possible, and in that case, the combined effect can be obtained. Further, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, even if some constituent requirements are deleted from all the constituent requirements shown in the embodiment, the problem described in the column of the problem to be solved by the invention can be solved, and the effect described in the column of the effect of the invention Can be obtained as an invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Terminal, 2 ... IC card, 11 ... Main body, 12 ... Display, 13 ... Keyboard, 14 ... Card reader / writer, 20 ... IC chip, 21 ... Antenna, 141 ... Antenna, 142 ... Communication I / F, 143 ... CPU, 144 ... data memory, 145 ... RAM, 146 ... ROM, 201 ... modulation / demodulation unit, 202 ... CPU, 203 ... coprocessor, 204 ... memory, 205 ... power generation unit

Claims (3)

A communication means for communicating with an IC card provided with an IC module;
An IC card selection for transmitting an initial response command to the IC card via the communication means, receiving a first response corresponding to the initial response command from the IC card, and selecting the IC card First and second acquisition processing for acquiring the IC card information of the IC card is selectively executed during a period in which the command is transmitted and the second response corresponding to the IC card selection command is received from the IC card. and an execution means for executing processing corresponding to the IC card information,
Equipped with a,
When executing the first acquisition process, the execution means transmits the IC card selection command including file designation information for designating a file storing the IC card information of the IC card, and the file designation information Receiving the second response including the IC card information stored in the file specified by the step, obtaining the IC card information from the second response,
When executing the second acquisition process, the execution means transmits the initial response command including information for requesting the IC card information, and receives the first response including the IC card information. An IC card processing device that acquires the IC card information from the first response .   An initial response command is transmitted to an IC card provided with an IC module, a first response corresponding to the initial response command is received from the IC card, and an IC card selection command for selecting the IC card is transmitted. And, in a period of receiving a second response corresponding to the IC card selection command from the IC card, selectively executing first and second acquisition processes for acquiring the IC card information of the IC card, An IC card processing method for executing processing according to IC card information,
  When executing the first acquisition process, the IC card selection command including file designation information for designating a file storing the IC card information of the IC card is transmitted, and the file designated by the file designation information is transmitted. Receiving the second response including the IC card information stored in a file, obtaining the IC card information from the second response;
  When executing the second acquisition process, the initial response command including information for requesting the IC card information is transmitted, the first response including the IC card information is received, and the first response is received. An IC card processing method for acquiring the IC card information from a response.   An IC card having an IC module,
  A communication means for communicating with the IC card processing device;
  An initial response command from the IC card processing device is received via the communication means, a first response corresponding to the initial response command is transmitted to the IC card processing device, and the IC card processing device In the period in which the second response corresponding to the IC card selection command is transmitted to the IC card processing device, the IC card information is transmitted from the IC card processing device. A response means for responding to the execution of processing according to the IC card information;
  With
  When the response means receives the IC card selection command including file designation information for designating a file storing the IC card information of the IC card, the response means is stored in the file designated by the file designation information. Sending the second response including the IC card information;
  When the response means receives the initial response command including information for requesting the IC card information, the response means transmits the first response including the IC card information.

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