JP5233629B2 - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine including a grinding wheel cover that covers a grinding wheel when a workpiece is attached to and detached from a workpiece support.

Conventionally, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-44987 (Patent Document 1) describes a grindstone cover that is closed so as to be positioned between a workpiece and a grindstone when the workpiece is attached or detached. Thereby, even if it maintains the state which rotated the grinding wheel when attaching / detaching a workpiece, it can prevent that an operator contacts a grinding wheel. That is, the safety of the worker can be ensured.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-44987

  By the way, the grindstone cover described in Patent Document 1 has a very large flat plate shape. If the grinding wheel cover is large, the grinding wheel can be reliably covered. However, there is a problem that the larger the grindstone cover, the longer the time for operating the grindstone cover. As a result, the time required for exchanging the workpiece becomes longer.

  On the other hand, when the grindstone cover has a relatively small shape, the operation time of the grindstone cover can be shortened. In this case, even if the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel can be covered with the grinding wheel cover, the side surface of the grinding wheel may not be covered with the grinding wheel cover. If it does so, there exists a possibility that an operator may contact the side surface of a grinding wheel. Therefore, in order to ensure safety, the grindstone cover had to be enlarged, and the workpiece replacement time had to be lengthened.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the grinding machine provided with the grindstone cover which can coat | cover the side surface of a grinding wheel reliably, reducing in size.

In order to solve the above problem, the feature of the invention according to claim 1 is:
A workpiece support for supporting the workpiece rotatably about the Z axis;
With a grinding wheel,
A grinding wheel base that rotatably supports the grinding wheel and is relatively movable in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction with respect to the workpiece support portion;
A first grindstone cover that is fixed to the workpiece support and includes a peripheral cover that covers the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel and a side cover that is bent with respect to the peripheral cover and covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. When,
When attaching / detaching the workpiece to / from the workpiece support, after moving the grindstone table relative to the workpiece support in the Z-axis direction, the grindstone table is used as the workpiece support. A control unit that covers the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel on the first grinding wheel cover by relatively moving in the X-axis direction,
It is to provide.

The feature of the invention according to claim 2 is that in claim 1,
A second grindstone cover that is fixed to the grindstone base so as to face the side surface of the grinding wheel and that covers the side surface of the grinding wheel in a state where the side surface cover covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. It is.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that in claim 2,
The second grindstone cover is positioned so as to overlap the first grindstone cover when viewed from the Z-axis direction when the first grindstone cover covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. It is.

A feature of the invention according to claim 4 is that in any one of claims 1 to 3,
Said 1st grindstone cover is located in the said Z-axis direction outside the axial direction area | region where the said workpiece is located among the said workpiece support parts.

A feature of the invention according to claim 5 is that in any one of claims 1 to 4,
The workpiece support is
The headstock body,
A spindle provided rotatably with respect to the headstock body, and supporting the workpiece;
With
The grinding machine further includes a grindstone correcting device that is provided on the headstock body and corrects the shape of the grinding wheel,
The first grindstone cover is provided on the head stock body.

The feature of the invention according to claim 6 is that in claim 5,
The first grindstone cover is provided on the headstock main body so as to be relatively movable in the Z-axis direction with respect to the grindstone correcting device,
When the shape of the grinding wheel is corrected by the grinding wheel correction device, the control unit positions the first grinding wheel cover at a position away from the grinding wheel correction device, and the grinding wheel is moved to the first grinding wheel cover. When covering with, the first grindstone cover is located at a position close to the grindstone correcting device.
A feature of the invention according to claim 7 is that in any one of claims 1 to 4,
The first grindstone cover is fixed to the workpiece support portion so as not to move.

A feature of the invention according to claim 8 is that in any one of claims 1 to 7,
The wheel head is detachable from the wheel wheel in the Z-axis direction with respect to the wheel head,
The side cover is provided so as to be foldable with respect to the peripheral cover when the grinding wheel is attached to or detached from the grinding wheel base.

  According to the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the first grindstone cover includes not only the peripheral surface cover but also the side surface cover formed by bending the peripheral surface cover. As described above, since the first grindstone cover includes the side surface cover, the grindstone wheel is covered with the first grindstone cover simply by moving the grindstone base in the Z-axis direction with respect to the workpiece support portion. It is not possible.

  Therefore, the control unit moves the grindstone table relative to the workpiece support in the Z-axis direction, and then moves the grindstone table relative to the workpiece support in the X-axis direction. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface and side surface of the grinding wheel can be surely covered with the first grinding wheel cover. In this way, the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel can be reliably covered by moving the grinding wheel to the position covered with the first grinding wheel cover. Therefore, even when the grinding wheel is rotating when the workpiece is attached or detached, it is possible to reliably prevent the operator from directly contacting the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel.

  Furthermore, the first grindstone cover is not a large flat plate as in the prior art, but can be reliably reduced in size by including a peripheral surface cover and a side surface cover. Therefore, when attaching and detaching the workpiece, it is possible to shorten the time required for the grinding wheel to be covered with the first grinding wheel cover. As a result, the workpiece replacement time can be shortened. Thus, according to the present invention, the work replacement time can be shortened while ensuring the safety of the operator.

In the invention according to claim 2, the grindstone wheel is covered with the grindstone cover by moving the grindstone base in the Z-axis direction with respect to the grindstone cover and then moving in the X-axis direction. As a result, the greater the amount of protrusion of the side cover in the X-axis direction, the greater the amount of movement of the grindstone table in the X-axis direction relative to the grindstone cover. However, the grinding machine according to the present invention uses the second grindstone cover in addition to the first grindstone cover as a cover for covering the side surface of the grinding wheel. Thereby, even if the amount of protrusion of the side cover of the first grinding wheel cover in the X-axis direction is reduced, the side surface of the grinding wheel can be reliably covered. Therefore, the side surface of the grinding wheel can be reliably covered without increasing the amount of movement of the grinding wheel base in the X-axis direction relative to the grinding wheel cover.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the side surface of a grinding wheel can be reliably coat | covered with the side surface cover of a 1st grindstone cover, and the 2nd grindstone cover.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, when attaching or detaching a workpiece with respect to a workpiece support part, the grinding wheel is made not to exist in the axial direction area | region where a workpiece exists. In other words, the grinding wheel is located at a position away from the workpiece in the Z-axis direction. In this case, when a flat plate-shaped grindstone cover like the conventional one is applied, there is a possibility that the side of the grinding wheel can be seen by the operator. However, even in this case, according to the present invention, the side cover of the first grindstone cover is interposed between the side surface of the grinding wheel and the operator. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the operator from seeing the side surface of the grinding wheel and from contacting the grinding wheel.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, it has the grindstone correction apparatus provided in the headstock main body. In such a grinding machine, the grinding wheel is originally configured to be movable to the vicinity of the main body of the headstock. And in this invention, the 1st grindstone cover is provided in the headstock main body. That is, the function by the grindstone correcting device and the function by the first grindstone cover can be exhibited without expanding the movable range of the grindstone table in the Z-axis direction. That is, the entire grinding machine can be prevented from becoming large.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, when a grinding wheel is coat | covered with a 1st grindstone cover, a 1st grindstone cover is located in the position close to a grindstone correction apparatus. Further, when the shape of the grinding wheel is corrected by the grindstone correcting device, the first grindstone cover is located at a position away from the grindstone correcting device. Therefore, if the grinding wheel is configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction to the position of the grinding wheel correcting device, the function by the grinding wheel correcting device and the function by the first grinding wheel cover can be exhibited. That is, an increase in the size of the grinding machine can be reliably prevented.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, since the 1st grindstone cover is being fixed to the workpiece support part, the mechanism which drives a grindstone cover like the conventional one becomes unnecessary. Therefore, it becomes cheap.

  In the invention according to claim 8, the grinding wheel can be attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base in the Z-axis direction. Here, in order to reduce the size of the grinding machine as much as possible, it is desirable that the X-axis direction clearance between the side cover of the first grindstone cover and the grinding wheel is small. However, when the clearance in the X-axis direction is small, the operator's hand may interfere with the side cover when the operator attaches or removes the grinding wheel from the grinding wheel base in the Z-axis direction. Even if the interference does not occur, if the gap in the X-axis direction is small, the workability cannot be said to be good. Therefore, when the grinding wheel is attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base as in the present invention, workability can be improved by making the side cover foldable with respect to the peripheral surface cover. Note that the folding operation of the side cover with respect to the peripheral cover can be performed manually or automatically.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying a grinding machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<First embodiment>
(Configuration of grinding machine)
The grinding machine of 1st embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. In the following description, the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is the X-axis direction, the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 is the Z-axis direction, the front-rear direction in FIG. 1 is the Y-axis direction, and the lower side in FIG. 1 is the back side of the X axis, the left side of FIG. 1 is the left side of the Z axis, the right side of FIG. 1 is the right side of the Z axis, the front side of FIG. 1 is the top side of the Y axis, and the back side of FIG. Called the lower side.

  As shown to Fig.1 (a), the grinding machine of 1st embodiment is a bed 10, the headstock 20, the tailstock 30, the grindstone support apparatus 40, the 1st grindstone cover 50, and a whole cover. 60 and a control device 70.

  The bed 10 has a substantially rectangular shape and is disposed on the floor. On the upper surface of the Y axis of the bed 10, two Z-axis guide rails 11, 11 on which a grindstone base traverse base 41 constituting the grindstone support device 40 can slide are located on the back side of the X-axis and in the Z-axis direction. And are formed in parallel to each other. The bed 10 is provided with a Z-axis ball screw 12 for driving the grinding wheel base traverse base 41 along the Z-axis guide rails 11, 11 between the two Z-axis guide rails 11, 11. A motor 13 that rotationally drives the Z-axis ball screw 12 is disposed.

  The headstock 20 (corresponding to the “workpiece support portion” of the present invention) supports one end of the workpiece W in the axial direction so as to be rotatable about the Z axis. The spindle stock 20 includes a spindle stock main body 21, a spindle 22, and a spindle center 23. The headstock body 21 is disposed on the Y axis upper side (the lower left side in FIG. 1) on the left side of the Z axis with respect to the Z axis guide rail 11 on the Y axis upper surface of the bed 10. The spindle head body 21 is formed with a hole penetrating in the Z-axis direction. The main shaft 22 is inserted into and supported by the through hole of the headstock main body 21 so as to be rotatable around the Z axis. A spindle center 23 that supports one end of the workpiece W in the axial direction is attached to the right end of the spindle 22. The spindle center 23 can move back and forth in the Z-axis direction with respect to the headstock body 21.

  The tailstock 30 supports the other end of the workpiece W in the axial direction so as to be rotatable around the Z axis. The tailstock 30 includes a tailstock body 31 and a tailstock center 32. The tailstock body 31 is disposed so as to face the headstock 20 in the Z-axis direction on the Y-axis upper surface of the bed 10. The tailstock main body base 31 is formed with a hole penetrating in the Z-axis direction. A tailstock center 32 is inserted through the through hole of the tailstock body 31. The shaft center of the tailstock center 32 is located coaxially with the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. The tailstock center 32 can advance and retract in the Z-axis direction with respect to the tailstock body 31.

  The grinding wheel support device 40 includes a grinding wheel base traverse base 41, a grinding wheel base 42, a grinding wheel 43, a motor 44, an upper surface cover 45, a coolant nozzle 46, and a second grinding wheel cover 47.

  The grinding wheel base traverse base 41 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape, and is slidably disposed on the Z-axis guide rails 11 and 11 on the Y-axis upper surface of the bed 10. The grinding wheel base traverse base 41 is connected to the nut member of the Z-axis ball screw 12 and moves along the Z-axis guide rails 11 and 11 by driving the motor 13. X-axis guide rails 41a and 41b on which the grindstone table 42 can slide are formed on the Y-axis upper surface of the grindstone table traverse base 41 so as to extend in the X-axis direction and in parallel with each other. Further, an X-axis ball screw 41c for driving the grinding wheel base 42 along the X-axis guide rails 41a and 41b is disposed between the X-axis guide rails 41a and 41b on the grinding wheel base traverse base 41. A motor 41d that rotationally drives the shaft ball screw 41c is disposed.

  The grinding wheel base 42 has a block shape and is slidably disposed on the X-axis guide rails 41 a and 41 b on the Y-axis upper surface of the grinding wheel base traverse base 41. And the grindstone base 42 is connected to the nut member of the X-axis ball screw 41c, and moves along the X-axis guide rails 41a and 41b by the drive of the motor 41d. That is, the grindstone base 42 can move relative to the bed 10, the spindle stock 20, and the tailstock 30 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. In particular, when the workpiece W is attached / detached from the headstock 20 and the tailstock 30, the grinding wheel base 42 moves to a position where the grinding wheel 43 is covered by a first grinding wheel cover 50 described later, that is, a workpiece attaching / detaching position. Is possible.

  A hole penetrating in the Z-axis direction is formed in a portion on the front side of the X-axis of the grinding wheel base 42. A grinding wheel drive shaft (not shown) is supported in the through hole of the grinding wheel base 42 so as to be rotatable around the Z axis. A disc-shaped grinding wheel 43 is coaxially attached to one end (the left end of the Z-axis) of the grinding wheel drive shaft. A part of the grinding wheel 43 protrudes from the end surface on the front side of the X axis of the grinding wheel base 42 toward the front side of the X axis. A motor 44 for rotating the grinding wheel drive shaft is fixed to the grinding wheel base 42. The pulley 44 is suspended between the other end of the grinding wheel drive shaft (the right end of the Z axis) and the rotation shaft of the motor 44, so that the grinding wheel 43 rotates around the Z axis by driving the motor 44.

  The upper surface cover 45 is fixed to the Z-axis left end surface of the grindstone table 42. The upper surface cover 45 is disposed on the Y axis upper side of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 43 with a gap. That is, the upper surface cover 45 covers a part of the grinding wheel 43 on the Y axis upper side. The upper surface cover 45 is provided with a device for supplying a coolant liquid to the coolant nozzle 46.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 2A, the coolant nozzle 46 is fixed to the end surface of the upper surface cover 45 in front of the X axis. The coolant nozzle 46 is formed in a tubular shape so as to become thinner toward the tip. And the front-end | tip of the coolant nozzle 46 is formed so that it may go to the X axis front side vicinity, ie, a grinding site | part, among the outer peripheral surfaces of the grinding wheel 43. FIG. This coolant nozzle 46 covers the upper side of the Y-axis of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 43 that projects to the front side of the X-axis from the upper surface cover 45.

  The second grindstone cover 47 has a flat plate shape, and is fixed to the end surface on the front side of the X axis of the grindstone base 42 so as to be orthogonal to the Z axis. The second grindstone cover 47 is disposed so as to face a part of the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 that protrudes toward the X axis front side from the grindstone base 42. Specifically, the second grindstone cover 47 is provided from the coolant nozzle 46 to the vicinity of the lower end of the Y axis of the grinding wheel 43. More specifically, the second grindstone cover 47 closes the X-axis direction gap between the coolant nozzle 46 and the grindstone base 42, and faces the portion of the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 except for the vicinity of the grinding portion. .

  The first grinding wheel cover 50 is a cover that covers the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 when the grinding wheel base 42 is located at the workpiece attaching / detaching position. The first grindstone cover 50 has an L shape formed by bending a flat plate. The first grindstone cover 50 includes a peripheral surface cover 51 fixed to the end surface on the X-axis back side of the headstock main body 21 so as to be orthogonal to the X-axis, and the Z-axis right end of the peripheral surface cover 51 from the X-axis back side. And a side cover 52 that is bent toward the front.

  The peripheral cover 51 has a substantially rectangular shape with the Y axis direction as a longitudinal direction. The longitudinal length of the peripheral surface cover 51 is set to be longer than the outer diameter of the grinding wheel 43. In the state where the circumferential surface cover 51 and the grinding wheel 43 are opposed to each other in the X-axis direction, the circumferential surface cover 51 is opposed to all the portions of the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel 43 that are not covered by the coolant nozzle 46. Is provided. Further, the width in the Z-axis direction of the peripheral surface cover 51 is set to a width equal to or greater than the distance from the second grindstone cover 47 to the side surface on the left side of the Z-axis of the grinding wheel 43. That is, the peripheral surface cover 51 has a shape and a size that can face the grinding wheel 43 and the second grinding wheel cover 47.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the side cover 52 has an L shape when viewed from the Z-axis direction. Specifically, when the grinding wheel base 42 is located at the workpiece attaching / detaching position, the side cover 52 has a shape that can cover a portion of the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 that is not covered by the second grinding wheel cover 47. There is no. Further, when the grinding wheel base 42 is located at the workpiece attaching / detaching position, a part of the side cover 52 overlaps with the second grinding wheel cover 47 and the coolant nozzle 46 when viewed from the Z-axis direction. . Furthermore, the side cover 52 is located on the same plane as the Z-axis right end surface of the headstock body 21 or on the Z-axis right side from the end surface. That is, the first grindstone cover 50 is located outside the Z-axis direction region in which the workpiece W is located in the headstock 20 in the Z-axis direction.

  The entire cover 60 is fixed to the bed 10 and covers the outer periphery of the grinding machine. The entire cover 60 includes a fixed cover 61 and an opening / closing door 62. The fixed cover 61 is fixed to the bed 10 so as not to move, and has an opening on the front side of the X axis of the part where the workpiece W is supported by the headstock 20. The open / close door 62 is slidably provided on the fixed cover 61 so that the opening of the fixed cover 61 can be opened and closed. The open / close door 62 is closed during the processing of the workpiece W, and is opened when the workpiece W is attached or detached. Then, the worker attaches and detaches the workpiece W with the open / close door 62 open.

  The control device 70 (corresponding to the control unit of the present invention) performs NC control of the X-axis position and the Z-axis position of the grindstone table 42 by performing servo control of each motor. Furthermore, the control device 70 also performs rotation control of the main shaft 22 and opening / closing control of the opening / closing door 62.

(Grinding machine operation)
Next, with reference to FIG. 1 (a) (b) and FIG. 2 (a) (b), the operation | movement of the grinding machine at the time of the process of the workpiece W and the attachment or detachment of the workpiece W is demonstrated. During machining of the workpiece W, the grinding wheel 43 and the main shaft 22 are rotated after the control device 70 closes the open / close door 62. And the control apparatus 70 processes the workpiece W by moving the grindstone table 42 with respect to the workpiece W in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction according to a predetermined processing program.

  Subsequently, the workpiece W is attached to and detached from the headstock 20 and the tailstock 30 in order to complete the machining of the workpiece W and replace it with the next workpiece W. At this time, the grinding wheel 43 is maintained in a rotated state. If the rotation of the grinding wheel 43 is stopped each time the workpiece W is attached / detached, it takes time until the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 43 reaches a predetermined rotational speed when machining is started. Therefore, the grinding wheel 43 is kept rotating when the workpiece W is attached or detached.

  Then, the control device 70 moves the grindstone table 42 to the workpiece attachment / detachment position. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 1B, first, the grinding wheel base 42 is moved in the Z-axis direction so that the grinding wheel 43 does not interfere with the side cover 52. The grinding wheel base 42 is moved in the Z-axis direction until the grinding wheel 43, the second grinding wheel cover 47, and the peripheral surface cover 51 are in a position facing each other in the X-axis direction.

  Thereafter, the grindstone base 42 is moved in the X-axis direction. The movement of the grinding wheel base 42 in the X-axis direction is performed until a part of the side surface cover 52 reaches a position where it overlaps with the coolant nozzle 46 and the second grinding wheel cover 47 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the opening / closing door 62 is opened, and the operator attaches / detaches the workpiece W.

  At this time, the operator can see the inside of the fixed cover 61 from the opening of the fixed cover 61, but cannot see the grinding wheel 43. Of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 43, the X-axis front surface is covered with a peripheral surface cover 51 of the first grinding wheel cover 50. Further, the upper surface of the Y-axis of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 43 is covered with the upper surface cover 45 and the coolant nozzle 46. Furthermore, the Z-axis right side surface located on the opening side of the fixed cover 61 among the side surfaces of the grinding wheel 43 is covered with the side surface cover 52 and the second grinding wheel cover 47.

  In particular, the side cover 52 and the second grindstone cover 47 are positioned so as to overlap when viewed from the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 is completely covered. Further, the side cover 52 is located on the opening side (Z axis right side) with respect to the second grindstone cover 47. Thereby, even if there is a gap between the side cover 52 and the second grindstone cover 47, when the operator looks inside from the opening of the fixed cover 61, the gap itself cannot be seen directly. It has become.

  Thus, the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 can be reliably covered by the first grinding wheel cover 50, the second grinding wheel cover 47, and the coolant nozzle 46 when the workpiece W is attached or detached. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the operator from directly contacting the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel 43, and high safety can be exhibited.

  Further, the first grindstone cover 50 is not a large flat plate as in the prior art, but can be reliably reduced in size by including a peripheral surface cover 51 and a side surface cover 52. Therefore, when attaching and detaching the workpiece W, it is possible to reduce the time required for the grinding wheel 43 to be covered with the first grinding wheel cover 50. As a result, the workpiece replacement time can be shortened.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 is covered with the side surface cover 52 and the second grinding wheel cover 47. Thereby, the amount of protrusion of the side cover 52 in the X-axis direction can be reduced. Therefore, the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 can be reliably covered without increasing the amount of movement of the grinding wheel base 42 in the X-axis direction. Furthermore, by providing the second grinding wheel cover 47, the side surface of the grinding wheel 43 can be more reliably covered as described above.

<Modification of First Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, when the side cover 52 and the second side cover 47 of the first grindstone cover 50 are viewed from the Z-axis direction in a state where the grindstone base 42 is located at the workpiece attachment / detachment position. Although they are positioned so as to overlap, it is also possible to prevent both from overlapping. However, as described above, making the two overlap each other has an effect of reliably covering the side surface of the grinding wheel 43.

In the first embodiment, the second grindstone cover 47 is provided. However, the second grindstone cover 47 may be omitted. However, the effect by providing the second grindstone cover 47 is not achieved.
In addition, the first grindstone cover 50 is fixed to the headstock main body 21, but the first grindstone cover 50 may be fixed to the tailstock 30 or the bed 10.

<Second embodiment>
The grinding machine of 2nd embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. The grinder of the second embodiment is mainly different from the grinder of the first embodiment in the first grindstone cover 250. Only the differences will be described below. In FIG. 3, the same components as those of the grinding machine of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The first grindstone cover 250 in the grinding machine of the second embodiment includes a peripheral surface cover 251 and a side surface cover 252. Each shape is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, the side cover 252 is provided so as to be foldable with respect to the peripheral cover 251 around the right end of the Z-axis of the peripheral cover 251.

  In addition, the grinding wheel base 42 allows the grinding wheel 43 to be attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base 42 in the Z-axis direction. Furthermore, a part of the Z-axis left surface of the fixed cover 61 is detachable. That is, the grinding wheel 43 is attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base 42 through the opening on the left side of the Z-axis of the fixed cover 61.

  When the grinding wheel 43 is attached to or detached from the grinding wheel base 42, the side cover 252 is placed in a state of overlapping the folding peripheral surface cover 251 as shown in FIG. In this state, the operator inserts his / her hand through the opening on the left side of the Z-axis of the fixed cover 61 to remove the grinding wheel 43, and then installs a new grinding wheel 43.

  Here, in order to reduce the size of the grinding machine as much as possible, it is desirable that the X-axis direction clearance between the side cover 252 of the first grindstone cover 250 and the grinding wheel 43 is small. However, when the gap in the X-axis direction is small, the operator's hand may interfere with the side cover 252 when the operator attaches / detaches the grinding wheel 43 to / from the grinding wheel base 42 in the Z-axis direction. Even if the interference does not occur, if the gap in the X-axis direction is small, the workability cannot be said to be good. Therefore, when the grinding wheel 43 is attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base 42, workability can be improved by making the side cover 252 foldable with respect to the circumferential cover 251. In this embodiment, the folding operation of the side cover 252 with respect to the peripheral cover 251 is manual, but it can also be automatic.

<Third embodiment>
The grinding machine of 3rd embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. The grinding machine of the third embodiment is different from the grinding machine of the first embodiment in that a grinding wheel correction device 310 and a grinding wheel cover slide device 320 are newly provided, and a first grinding wheel cover 350 is different. Only the differences will be described below. 4 and 5, the same components as those of the grinding machine of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The grindstone correcting device 310 is a device for correcting the outer peripheral surface shape of the grinding wheel 43. The grindstone correcting device 310 is fixed to the end surface on the back side of the X-axis of the headstock body 21. The grindstone correcting device 310 includes a support member 311 fixed to the headstock main body 21 and a rotary dresser 312 supported by the support member 311 so as to be rotatable about the Z axis. The rotational axis center of the rotary dresser 312 is positioned so that the height in the Y-axis direction is the same as the rotational axis center of the main shaft 22 as shown in FIG.

  The grindstone cover slide device 320 is an end surface on the back side of the X-axis of the headstock main body 21 and is fixed to the upper side of the Y-axis with respect to the grindstone correcting device 310. The grindstone cover slide device 320 includes a rod whose tip side is movable to the right side of the Z axis with respect to the support member. The grindstone cover slide device 320 is controlled by the control device 70.

  The first grindstone cover 350 has the same shape as the first grindstone cover 50 of the first embodiment. However, the peripheral surface cover 51 of the first grindstone cover 350 is fixed to the tip of the rod of the grindstone cover slide device 320. That is, the first grindstone cover 350 moves in the Z-axis direction as the rod of the grindstone cover slide device 320 moves. Specifically, when the first grindstone cover 350 moves to the leftmost side of the Z axis, the first grindstone cover 350 is positioned at the position farthest to the left side of the Z axis with respect to the grindstone correcting device 310. On the other hand, when the first grindstone cover 350 has moved to the most right side in the Z-axis, the first grindstone cover 350 is positioned closest to the grindstone correcting device 310. In the present embodiment, the first grindstone cover 350 is located on the X axis back side of the grindstone correcting device 310.

  The operation of this grinding machine will be described. First, the processing of the workpiece W will be described with reference to FIG. At the time of processing the workpiece W, the control device 70 controls the grindstone cover slide device 320 so that the tip of the rod of the grindstone cover slide device 320 is located on the rightmost side of the Z axis. Accordingly, the first grindstone cover 350 is located on the X axis back side of the grindstone correcting device 310.

  Next, in order to exchange the workpiece W after the machining of the workpiece W is completed, the workpiece W is attached and detached. At this time, the control device 70 performs control so that the tip of the rod of the grindstone cover slide device 320 is located on the most right side in the Z-axis as in the processing of the workpiece W. Accordingly, the first grindstone cover 350 is located on the X axis back side of the grindstone correcting device 310.

  In this state, the control device 70 moves the grindstone table 42 to the workpiece attachment / detachment position. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4B, first, the grinding wheel base 42 is moved in the Z-axis direction so that the grinding wheel 43 does not interfere with the side surface cover 52 of the first grinding wheel cover 350. Thereafter, the grindstone base 42 is moved in the X-axis direction. The movement of the grinding wheel base 42 in the X-axis direction is performed until a part of the side surface cover 52 reaches a position where it overlaps the coolant nozzle 46 and the second grinding wheel cover 47 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the opening / closing door 62 is opened, and the operator attaches / detaches the workpiece W.

  Further, when the outer peripheral surface shape of the grinding wheel 43 is corrected, the control device 70 performs control so that the tip of the rod of the grinding wheel cover slide device 320 is positioned on the leftmost side of the Z axis. Therefore, the first grindstone cover 350 is located at a position farthest away from the grindstone correcting device 310 to the left side of the Z axis. Then, the outer peripheral surface shape of the grinding wheel 43 is corrected by the rotary dresser 312 of the grinding wheel correction device 310. When the correction of the outer peripheral surface shape of the grinding wheel 43 is completed, the control device 70 controls again so that the tip of the rod of the grinding wheel cover slide device 320 is positioned on the rightmost side of the Z axis. That is, the first grindstone cover 350 is located on the X axis back side of the grindstone correcting device 310. Then, machining of the workpiece W is started.

  According to the present embodiment, when the grinding wheel 43 is covered with the first grinding wheel cover 350, the first grinding wheel cover 350 is located at a position close to the grinding wheel correcting device 310. Further, when the shape of the grinding wheel 43 is corrected by the grindstone correcting device 310, the first grindstone cover 350 is located at a position away from the grindstone correcting device 310. Therefore, as long as the grinding wheel 43 can move in the Z-axis direction to the position of the grinding wheel correction device 310, the function of the grinding wheel correction device 310 and the function of the first grinding wheel cover 350 can be exhibited. That is, an increase in the size of the grinding machine can be reliably prevented.

<Other embodiments>
In the said embodiment, although the grindstone base 42 was set as the structure traversed (transverse movement), it is good also as a structure where the table which mounts the spindle stock 20 and the tailstock 30 traverses. In this case, the grindstone table 42 moves only in the X-axis direction. At this time, when the workpiece W is attached to and detached from the headstock 20 and the tailstock 30, the table is set to Z so that the first grinding wheel cover 50 provided on the main body 21 is covered with the grinding wheel 43. It will be moved in the axial direction. In this case, the opening of the entire cover for attaching and detaching the workpiece W by the operator is positioned at the position of the workpiece W moved in the Z-axis direction. For example, as in the above-described embodiment, the entire cover may be fixed to the bed 10 and the opening may be provided in advance at a position shifted in the Z-axis direction. In addition, a part of the entire cover can be attached to the table, and can be moved as the table moves in the Z-axis direction.

1st embodiment: (a) It is a top view of the grinding machine at the time of grinding. (B) It is a top view of the grinding machine at the time of workpiece attachment or detachment. (A) It is the figure which turned 90 degree rightward the view of A direction of FIG. 1 (a). (B) It is the figure which turned the B direction arrow line view of FIG.1 (b) 90 degree rightward. 2nd embodiment: It is a top view of a grinding machine. 3rd embodiment: (a) It is a top view of the grinding machine at the time of grinding. (B) It is a partial top view of the grinding machine at the time of workpiece attachment or detachment. (C) It is a partial top view of the grinding machine at the time of grindstone shape correction. (A) It is the figure which turned 90 degree rightward the C direction arrow line view of FIG.4 (b). (B) It is the figure which turned 90 degree rightward in the D direction arrow figure of FIG.4 (c).

Explanation of symbols

10: bed, 11: Z-axis guide rail, 12: Z-axis ball screw, 13: motor 20: headstock, 21: headstock body, 22: main spindle, 23: spindle center 30: tailstock, 31: tailstock Base body 32: Tail center 40: Wheel support device 41: Wheel base traverse base 41a, 41b: X-axis guide rail, 41c: X-axis ball screw, 41d: Motor 42: Wheel head, 43: Grinding wheel 44 : Motor 45: upper surface cover 46: coolant nozzle 47: second grindstone cover 50, 250, 350: first grindstone cover 51, 251: peripheral surface cover 52, 252: side cover 60: whole cover 61 : Fixed cover, 62: Opening / closing door 70: Control device 310: Grinding stone correcting device, 311: Support member, 312: Rotary dresser 320: Grinding wheel cover sliding device

Claims (8)

A workpiece support for supporting the workpiece rotatably about the Z axis;
With a grinding wheel,
A grinding wheel base that rotatably supports the grinding wheel and is relatively movable in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction with respect to the workpiece support portion;
A first grindstone cover that is fixed to the workpiece support and includes a peripheral cover that covers the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel and a side cover that is bent with respect to the peripheral cover and covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. When,
When attaching / detaching the workpiece to / from the workpiece support, after moving the grindstone table relative to the workpiece support in the Z-axis direction, the grindstone table is used as the workpiece support. A control unit that covers the outer peripheral surface and the side surface of the grinding wheel on the first grinding wheel cover by relatively moving in the X-axis direction,
A grinding machine comprising: In claim 1,
A second grindstone cover that is fixed to the grindstone base so as to face the side surface of the grinding wheel and that covers the side surface of the grinding wheel in a state where the side surface cover covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. A grinding machine characterized by In claim 2,
The second grindstone cover is positioned so as to overlap the first grindstone cover when viewed from the Z-axis direction when the first grindstone cover covers the side surface of the grinding wheel. A grinding machine characterized by In any one of Claims 1-3,
The grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the first grindstone cover is located outside an axial region where the workpiece is located in the workpiece support portion in the Z-axis direction. In any one of Claims 1-4,
The workpiece support is
The headstock body,
A spindle provided rotatably with respect to the headstock body, and supporting the workpiece;
With
The grinding machine further includes a grindstone correcting device that is provided on the headstock body and corrects the shape of the grinding wheel,
The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the first grindstone cover is provided on the head stock body. In claim 5,
The first grindstone cover is provided on the headstock main body so as to be relatively movable in the Z-axis direction with respect to the grindstone correcting device,
When the shape of the grinding wheel is corrected by the grinding wheel correction device, the control unit positions the first grinding wheel cover at a position away from the grinding wheel correction device, and the grinding wheel is moved to the first grinding wheel cover. A grinding machine characterized in that the first grindstone cover is positioned at a position proximate to the grindstone correcting device when covering with the grinding wheel. In any one of Claims 1-4,
The grinder characterized in that the first grindstone cover is fixed to the workpiece support portion so as not to move. In any one of Claims 1-7,
The wheel head is detachable from the wheel wheel in the Z-axis direction with respect to the wheel head,
The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the side cover is provided so as to be foldable with respect to the peripheral surface cover when the grinding wheel is attached to and detached from the grinding wheel base.

Images