JP5237754B2 - Seed planting machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seed vat planting machine for covering and planting seed pods after dropping them in a straight line at regular intervals on a planting part of a field, and more specifically, fertilizer, chemicals, etc. those concerning the seed tuber planting machines that enables a local fertilization fertilizing compound. In addition, "local fertilization" in this specification means not only fertilizer but locally applying things other than fertilizers, such as chemicals, to a seed pod.

  The basic structure of the seed planting machine is that a large number of transport plates are arranged at regular intervals between at least two pulleys arranged along the slanting vertical direction at the same position along the width direction of the machine body mounted on the rear part of the tractor. A conveyor belt attached to the machine body, and the conveyor belt is circulated in a side view so that the opposite running part facing the worker who has entered the machine body runs obliquely upward. The conveyor belt is circulated in synchronism with the traveling, and the seeds placed on the conveyor plate by the operator in the opposing traveling unit are conveyed to the falling portion at the lower end of the oppositely facing traveling unit of the conveying belt. It is the structure which drops and plantes one by one (patent document 1).

  On the other hand, various devices have been developed to fertilize the planting part, but all of them are continuously fertilized quantitatively, and the relationship with the planting position of seed pods and seeds planted in the planting part. The fertilizer was applied locally only in the vicinity of the seed pods (Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  Therefore, in the above-described seed vat planting machine, when seed vats are planted in a straight line at regular intervals and covered with soil, in order to perform fertilization, medicine application, etc. on the planted vats, linear planting before covering After performing the work of continuously applying fertilization etc. on the part and the work of dropping the seed pod on the planting part, the seed pod is covered with soil, or the entire field is fertilized and planted. It was done by either the method of dropping soil seeds on the appendages and planting them after planting.

Therefore, in any method, since fertilizers and chemicals are applied even to parts where seed pods are not planted, wasteful fertilizers and chemicals are generated, and the efficiency of fertilization and application to seed potatoes is increased. At the same time, since the fertilization / medicine work was performed separately from the seed planting, the overall work efficiency including fertilization / medicine and seed planting was also poor.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-14 JP 2006-230293 A JP 2004-141020 A

  An object of the present invention is to enable local fertilization in which fertilizers such as fertilizers and chemicals are dropped only in the vicinity of the seed pods to be planted in the seed vine planting machine having the above-described configuration, and further in the front-rear direction of local fertilization for the seed pods It is to be able to adjust the position along the planting direction of the seed pod.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that a number of pulleys are arranged between at least two pulleys arranged along the diagonally up and down direction at the same position along the width direction of the body mounted on the rear portion of the tractor. In a side view, the conveyor belt is attached to the conveyor plate at regular intervals, and the conveyor belt travels obliquely upward so that the opposite traveling portion facing the operator who has entered the machine body is inclined upward. The conveyor belt travels in a circular motion in synchronism with the travel of the airframe, and the seeds placed on the transport plate by the operator in the opposite travel portion are placed on the lower end of the opposite facing travel portion of the transport belt. In the sow seeding planting machine configured to transport to the dropping part and drop and plant the seeds one by one, the soy drop detection device that detects seed seeds dropped from the dropping part one by one, and the soy seed fall detection And a fertilizer application device for dropping fertilizers and / or chemicals by a predetermined amount in the vicinity of the seed pods that have been dropped onto the planting part of the field in synchronism with the detection of the seed pods by the setting. Yes.

  In synchronization with the traveling of the machine body, the conveyor belt circulates, so that in the opposite running part of the conveyor belt, seeds are supplied to the conveyor belt one by one by the operator who has entered the machine body, and the opposite running part by the carrier plate The seed potatoes are dropped one by one on the planting part immediately below at the dropping part at the lower end of the opposite running part. The conveyor belt runs around at a speed proportional to the speed of the aircraft in synchronism with the running of the aircraft, and a number of conveyor plates are attached to the conveyor belt at regular intervals. The interval between the seeds before and after being dropped is almost constant. According to the invention of claim 1, in the state where the seed pods are dropped onto the planting part at a constant interval as described above, the seed pods dropped from the dropping part are detected one by one by the seed stalk fall detection device, The fertilizer application device operates in synchronism with the detection of the seed pods by the seed pod fall detection device so as to drop the fertilizer and / or chemicals by a predetermined amount in the vicinity of the seed pods dropped on the planting part of the field. The fertilizer and / or chemicals are dropped only in the vicinity of the seed pods that have fallen to the planting part and placed. In other words, local fertilization can be applied to the seed pods along the planting direction of the seed pods that have fallen on the planting section, and the amount of useless fertilizers and chemicals can be drastically reduced, thereby reducing fertilizer and drug reduction.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the seed drop drop detecting device detects the metal mounting bolts that attach the multiple conveying plates to the conveying belt. It is characterized by being a metal sensor disposed opposite to the back surface of the conveyor belt.

  For example, the conveyor belt is formed of a non-metal such as resin or canvas, the conveyor plate attached to the conveyor belt is formed of a metal plate, and the conveyor plate is attached to the conveyor belt via a metal mounting bolt. In this case, the metal portion exposed on the inner surface (back surface) of the endless transport belt is only the mounting bolt portion, so that the mounting bolt can be detected by a metal sensor during the traveling of the transport belt. For example, the result is the same as that of directly detecting the seed dripping from the dropping part which is the lower end of the oppositely facing traveling part of the conveyor belt. In other words, the time difference for detecting the mounting bolts that follow each other with the metal sensor is the same as the time difference in the case of detecting the seed soot that falls directly from the falling part, Equivalent detection can be performed reliably and detection accuracy is improved.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the metal sensor is attached to a frame fixed to the airframe, and a fixing position along a circumferential direction of a conveyance belt of the frame with respect to the airframe is adjustable. It is characterized by becoming.

  Detection timing that each mounting bolt that attaches a large number of transport plates to the transport belt detects by metal sensors, and fertilizer and / or chemicals that drop fertilizer and / or chemicals by a predetermined amount in the vicinity of the seeds that are dropped on the planting part of the field Although it is synchronized with the operation timing at which the prescription device starts to operate, the detection timing is not detected directly from the seed drop falling from the falling part, but is indirectly detected. The timing at which the seeds fall from the falling part at the lower end of the oppositely facing traveling part of the conveyor belt may not match and deviate. As a result, the position in the height direction of the falling part, which is the lower end of the anti-opposing travel part of the conveyor belt, the position in the height direction of the fertilizer / medicine device, the initial speed of the seed dripping from the dropped part, the fertilizer / medicine The position of fertilizer fall (fertilization position) along the front-rear direction with respect to the seed pods dropped on the planting part is relatively determined by the relative relationship such as the initial speed of the fertilizer dropped from the device to the planting part. . Therefore, as in the invention of claim 3, when the fixing position of the frame on which the metal sensor is attached to the machine body can be adjusted along the circumferential direction of the transport belt, it can be adjusted in the front-rear direction with respect to the seeds dropped on the planting portion. The fall position (fertilization position) of the fertilizers along can be adjusted. Therefore, the fertilization position along the front-rear direction with respect to the seed pods dropped on the planting part can be adjusted, and fertilization can be performed at a desired position along the front-rear direction with respect to the seed culms.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the seed drop detection device is an optical sensor that detects the seed seed when the seed seed in the middle of the fall blocks light.

  According to invention of Claim 4, since it is the structure which detects directly the seed soot which falls from the falling part of the lower end of the opposite running part of a conveyance belt, the detection timing of the soot by an optical sensor, and the operation | movement of a fertilizer application | coating apparatus Timing adjustment with timing becomes easy.

  In the invention of claim 5, in the invention of claim 1, the fertilizer application device is provided so as to be openable and closable at a fertilizer supply hose for supplying fertilizer and / or chemicals and a discharge opening of the fertilizer supply hose. And a shutter that is opened by detecting the fall of the soot seeds by the soot fall detecting device.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the timing corresponding to the fall of the seed pod by closing after the shutter provided in the discharge opening of the fertilizer supply hose is opened for a set time by the signal detected by the seed pod fall detection device. Therefore, since the set amount of fertilizer is dropped, the fertilizer is dropped at a position determined along the front-rear direction of the seed pod dropped on the planting portion, and local fertilization becomes possible.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the fertilizer application device is configured to substantially horizontally distribute the fertilizer discharged from the discharge port of the fertilizer supply hose that is obliquely piped by blowing air by rotation of a propeller. In order to send the fertilizer supply hose to the discharge port portion of the fertilizer supply hose, which is mounted almost horizontally and the fertilizer sent almost horizontally in the blow tube collides and drops almost directly below. And a current plate.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the fertilizer discharged from the discharge port of the fertilizer supply hose into the blower cylinder is fed almost horizontally in the axial direction by the rotation of the propeller in the blower cylinder, and then the current plate When it collides, the direction of travel is changed directly below and it falls. In this way, fertilizers that collide with the rectifying plate due to the blowing action by the rotation of the propeller provided on the blowing cylinder fall directly below with the necessary initial speed, so the target drop position (local fertilization position of the planting part) ), Fertilizers are dropped locally at the correct position in the front-rear direction with respect to the seeds that have fallen with high accuracy and dropped on the planting part, and high-precision local fertilization becomes possible.

  According to the seed vat planting machine of the present invention, in the state where the seed vat is dropped on the planting part at a constant interval, the seed vat falling from the dropped part is detected one by one by the seed vaginal drop detection device, and fertilization / medication The device operates in synchronism with the detection of the soot seed by the soot drop detection device, and operates to drop the fertilizer and / or chemicals by a predetermined amount in the vicinity of the seed soot that has been dropped onto the planting part of the field. Fertilizer and / or chemicals are dropped only in the vicinity of the seed pods that are dropped and placed on the part. That is, local fertilization of the seed pod along the planting direction of the seed pod that has fallen on the planting section is possible, and the fertilization efficiency is increased.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to an example in which the present invention is applied to a seed vat planting machine A in which a multi-work machine E is continuously provided behind. First, describes the basic structure of a seed tuber planting machines A, then, for the portion of the fertilizer-Seyaku device D according to the seed potatoes fall detection device B and reference according to the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a side view of a seed planting machine A incorporated in a rotary tillage device R, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a seed planting machine A, a fertilizer application device D, and a seed plant. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an arrangement relationship with the supply table T, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the seed sowing planter A, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a power transmission mechanism of the seed sowing planter A. 1 and 2, at the front portion of the rotary tiller R, one upper connecting tool 1 and a lower pair (two) connecting tools 2 are provided. The top link 3 and the lower link 4 mounted on the rear part of the tractor (not shown) are connected to each other, and the rotary tiller R is connected to the rear part of the tractor via the links 3 and 4. . The rotary tiller R includes a tiller shaft 5 that rotates in the horizontal axis, and a plurality of tiller blades 6 are spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and along the circumferential direction between adjacent tiller blades 6. Installed out of phase. The power of the PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor that pulls the rotary tiller R is transmitted to a transmission device (not shown) in the tiller R via the universal joint 7, and the tiller shaft 5 It is configured to be rotated.

  Moreover, in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5, the seedling planting machine A is integrated in the rotary tiller R integrally. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a pair of left and right is provided in a central portion in the width direction (lateral direction) of the body 8 of the rotary tiller R and above the rotary cover 9 (see FIG. 4). The frames 11a and 11b are attached in a forward inclined posture with respect to the traveling direction N of the airframe 8 at a predetermined interval along the lateral direction. The oblique upper end and oblique lower end of each frame 11a and 11b The upper pulley 12 and the lower pulley 13 are disposed between the frames 11a and 11b and are rotatably supported. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the endless transport belt 14 is provided with a large number of transport plates 15 at regular intervals, and the transport belt 14 includes the upper and lower pulleys described above. 12 and 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the transport plate 15 is integrally formed with the side plate portions 15b toward the circumferential direction at both ends in the width direction of the main transport plate portion 15a arranged in the width direction of the transport belt 14, respectively. An attachment plate portion 15c is provided at the base end portion of the main conveyance plate portion 15a in the anti-circular direction, and both end portions of the attachment plate portion 15c are conveyed via a pair of metal attachment bolts 16. By being attached to the belt 14, a large number of conveying plates 15 are attached to the conveying belt 14. The mounting bolt 16 passes through the transport belt 14 and the mounting plate portion 15 c of the transport plate 15 from the inside of the endless transport belt 14 and is screwed into the nut 17. Although the transport plate 15 is made of metal, the transport belt 14 is made of resin. Therefore, the inner side (back surface side) of the endless transport belt 14 is a head portion of a metal mounting bolt 16 as a metal portion. 16a is exposed, and in the present invention, by detecting the head 16a of the metal mounting bolt 16 with the metal sensor S, the seed that is dropped from the falling part at the lower end of the oppositely facing running part of the conveyor belt 14 It is the structure which detects the fall timing of K indirectly.

  In addition, a work chair 21 is installed behind the sowing planter A, and the conveyor belt 14 sits on the work chair 21 with the lower pulley 13 as a driving pulley. Circumferential traveling is performed so that the opposite traveling unit (front traveling unit) facing the worker U who performs the seed supply operation travels obliquely upward. Then, in the opposite traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14, one by one is supplied to the space formed by the main conveyor plate portion 15 a and the pair of left and right side plate portions 15 b of the conveyor plate 15 and placed on the conveyor belt 14. In this state, the seed soak K is transported to the upper pulley 12 portion by the circular travel of the transport belt 14, and then the transport direction is changed in the reverse direction in the upper pulley 12 portion so as not to face the operator U. In the counter-opposing travel part (back side travel part), it is conveyed to the lower pulley 13 portion.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on the front and both sides of the oppositely facing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14, toward the front and sides of the seed soak K that is conveyed obliquely downward in the portion. A back side fall prevention cover 22 is provided to prevent the fall of the back side. In addition, on both sides of the opposite traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14, a near-side fall prevention cover for preventing the seeds K placed on the conveyor belt 14 and supported by the conveyor plate 15 from falling at the portion from falling sideways. 23 is provided. For this reason, the soot K placed on the transport plate 15 at the front side portion of the transport belt 14 is reversed at the upper pulley 12 portion, so that the main transport plate portion of the transport plate 15 immediately before traveling downward after the slant is obtained. It is placed on the back surface of 15a and conveyed to the lower pulley 13 as it is in contact with the back side fall prevention cover 22. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a seed drop dropping guide tube 24 is arranged at a position just below the lower pulley 13 and slightly behind the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the tillage shaft 5. The cover 9 is disposed substantially vertically while penetrating the cover 9 and connected to the back side fall prevention cover 22. Therefore, the seed potato K transported to the lower pulley 13 loses its support with respect to the transport plate 15 and falls and is guided by the seed potato dropping guide tube 24 to fall. Since the splashed soil can be avoided by the seed drop falling guide tube 24, it is placed in the planting part.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the seed vat supply tables T are arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt 14 constituting the seed vat planting machine A so that the side of the operator U is lowered. A seed box installation frame 25 is provided on the front side of various rod supply tables T (on the back side with respect to the worker U) on the basis of the traveling direction N of the machine body 8 of the rotary tiller R. The seed boxes 26 are inserted into the various box installation frames 25 so as to be inclined at substantially the same angle as the seed vat supply table T. The seed soot supply table T is provided with a flange-shaped anti-falling plate 27 that is continuous with the left and right tables T at the lower end of the seed soot to prevent a large number of seed soot K contained therein from dropping. Further, when the left and right various soot supply tables T are viewed as one table, the oblique lower end edge, which is a part of the fall prevention plate 27, has a seed belt K accommodated in the table T at the center. In order to easily reach the portion 14, the center is lower than both ends thereof, and in the portion of the supply opening 28 formed at the center of each of the left and right tables T, the respective transport plates 15 are inclined from the lower back to the upper front. It is the structure which goes out sequentially toward the.

  Next, with reference to FIG.4 and FIG.5, the drive mechanism of the above-mentioned seed planting machine A is demonstrated easily. A pair of frames 32a and 32b for supporting the gauge wheel 31 are connected to the right and left ends of the machine body 8 of the rotary tiller R, and to the rear end portion in a slightly forward inclined posture, A gauge wheel shaft 33 is rotatably supported at the lower end of each frame 32a, 32b. An endless chain 37 is hooked on chain gears 35 and 36 respectively attached to the gauge wheel shaft 33 and one end of the first intermediate shaft 34 supported by one frame 32a. Chain gears 39 and 41 are respectively attached to one end portion of the second intermediate shaft 38 and the other end portion of the first intermediate shaft 34 that are arranged in a form penetrating between the conveyor belts 14. An endless chain 42 is hung on the gears 39, 41, and an endless chain is provided between a chain gear 43 attached to the other end of the second intermediate shaft 38 and a chain gear 45 attached to the lower pulley shaft 44. 46 is hung. Therefore, the rotational force of the gauge wheel 31 is transmitted to the lower pulley 13 by the chain gear transmission, and the lower pulley 13 is driven to rotate.

  1 and 2, a pair of left and right ridge forming plates 47 and a multi-work machine E are mounted behind the rotary tiller R. That is, the pair of left and right ridge forming plates 47 are arranged behind the cultivating blade 6 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the left and right center lines of the rotary cultivating apparatus R. Then, the soil softened by the last tilling blade 6 is drawn toward the center from both sides, and falls to the planting part (not shown) avoiding the dirt gathered by the seed drop dropping guide tube 24. The seed culm K is covered with soil and erected, and then the surface of the erected cocoon is formed into a predetermined shape by the pair of left and right cocoon forming plates 47. On the other hand, the multi-work machine E includes a film roll 48 installed almost immediately below the work chair 21, two film guide rolls 51 and 52 arranged almost directly below the film roll 48, and the surface of the forming basket. A pair of pressure-reducing wheels 53 for pressing both ends of the film immediately after covering the film, and a covering ring 54 disposed behind the covering ring and covering the both ends of the film.

Will now be described with seed potatoes fall detection device B according to the present invention and fertilization-Seyaku device D according to the reference. FIG. 6 is an overall conceptual diagram of an apparatus according to a combination of the seed drop falling detection apparatus B and the fertilizer application / drug application apparatus D. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the seed drop detection device B is disposed inside the endless transport belt 14 and opposed to the back surface of the counter-opposing travel section. When the metal sensor S detects the passage of the mounting bolt 16 that attaches the transport plate 15 to the transport belt 14 in the part of the anti-opposite travel part, the fall which is the lower end of the anti-opposite travel part It is an apparatus which indirectly detects the fall timing of the seed potato K falling from the part. That is, the difference in the drop time of the two seeds K that fall from the falling part is equal to the difference in the passing time of the two mounting bolts 16 that pass in the opposite direction of the conveying belt 14. , The fall timing of the seed soot K can be indirectly detected based on the detection timing of the mounting bolt 16 that travels in the oppositely facing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14. On the other hand, the fertilizer application device D constitutes the body 18 of the sowing seedling planting machine A, and is below the lower end of the transport belt 14 disposed in a forward tilted posture with respect to the traveling direction N of the body 18. On the upper surface of the support table 19 that is horizontally disposed, a part of the support table 19 is disposed so as to enter the inside of the seed drop falling guide tube 24, and the detection operation of the mounting bolt 16 by the seed seed drop detecting device B is synchronized with the detection timing. Then, the mixture of fertilizer and chemicals is intermittently sent into the seed drop dropping guide tube 24 and dropped, so that it falls from the dropping part at the lower end of the opposite running part of the conveyor belt 14 and is placed on the planting part. It is a device that applies fertilizer and medicines locally to the soot seed K.

  Seed fall detection device B is shown in detail in FIGS. 7 is a perspective view of the conveyor belt 14 in which the seed soot fall detection device B is incorporated, FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the seed soot fall detection device B, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view of the same. 10 is a view in the direction of arrow X in FIG. The seed drop falling detection device B includes a sensor mounting plate 61 having a guide roller 62 attached to the bent portion 61a at the tip, and arranged in parallel with the anti-opposing travel portion of the conveyor belt 14, and a belt on the back side of the conveyor belt 14. A bent portion of the sensor mounting plate 61 so that the metal sensor S mounted on the sensor mounting plate 61 so as to be perpendicular to the surface and the guide roller 62 can be brought into contact with the back surface of the conveyor belt 14. An intermediate connector 64 connected to the end opposite to 61a so as to be rotatable around a rotation shaft 63 parallel to the plate surface of the sensor mounting plate 61, and the transport belt 14 in an opposed state in the opposite state. Between a fixed plate portion 66 formed with a long hole 65 for adjusting the arrangement position of the metal sensor S along the traveling direction (circulation direction of the conveyor belt) Q of the portion, and the fixed plate portion 66 Aircraft 1 Comprising the fixing plate portion 66 by sandwiching the the fixed plate portion 67 from the holding plate portion 68. for fixing to the the fixed plate portion 67. The intermediate connector 64 and the fixing plate portion 66 are formed by inserting a bolt 69 provided integrally with the connection plate portion 64a of the intermediate connector 64 into the elongated hole 65 of the fixing plate portion 66, and then connecting the bolt 69 and the butterfly. The fixing plate portion 66 and the sandwiching plate portion 68 are connected by screwing with the nut 71, and the two bolts 72 provided on the fixing plate portion 66 are connected to the bolt insertion holes 68 a provided on the sandwiching plate portion 68. The bolts 72 and the nuts 73 are screwed to be connected.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the soot drop detecting device B having the above-described configuration is provided inside the endless transport belt 14 and at the end in the width direction of the transport belt 14. It arrange | positions along the driving | running | working direction Q of an anti-opposite running part. In the arrangement state of the soot drop detecting device B, the sensor mounting plate 61 rotates about the rotation shaft 63, so that the guide roller 62 is always brought into contact with the back surface of the conveyance belt 14 to convey the metal sensor S. The belt 14 is brought closest to the back surface of the belt 14 and is maintained in that state. The head 16a of the mounting bolt 16 is detected on the side opposite to the opposite running portion of the conveyor belt 14. In the opposite opposite running portion, the seed K, which is the object to be conveyed, comes into contact with the rear side fall prevention cover 22 and is conveyed. As a result of being separated from 14, the undulation of the conveyor belt 14 in the portion is eliminated, and the head 16a of the mounting bolt 16 can be stably detected. The sensor mounting plate portion 61 and the intermediate connector 64 are connected to each other via a rotation shaft 63 so as to be rotatable. This “turnable” is not made until a considerably large rotational force is applied. It means that it rotates, and in a normal state, it means a state where it is connected without rotating.

  Then, by adjusting the detection timing of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S and the fall timing at which the seeds K at the lower end of the opposite running portion of the conveyor belt 14 start to fall, it falls and is placed on the planting portion. The target local fertilization can be achieved by optimizing the seed culm K to be applied and the fertilizer / chemical fertilization position along the traveling direction N of the machine body 18 with respect to the stationary position of the seed culm K. Specifically, the fertilization position is set to be substantially the same position with respect to the stationary position of the seed potato K, or the fertilization position is set to be before or after the stationary position of the seed potato K. The adjustment of the fertilization position with respect to the stationary position of the seed potato K is performed by using the elongated hole 65 provided in the fixed plate portion 66 so that the arrangement position of the metal sensor S is along the traveling direction Q of the oppositely facing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14. This adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the detection timing of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, FIG. 6, FIG. 11 thru | or FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view mainly showing a part of the air flow separator J for allowing mixing of the fertilizer conveyed by air flow and the medicine dropped by gravity, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the fertilizer application device D. FIGS. 13A and 13B are sectional views of the fertilizer application device D in a non-supply state and a supply state of fertilizers, respectively. A fertilizer tank 74 is mounted on the front of a tractor (not shown) to which the sow seeding planting machine A is connected at the rear, and the work chair 21 in the body 18 of the sowing seedling planting machine A has a right front side. Is loaded with a chemical tank 75, and the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer tank 74 is conveyed to the part of the air flow separator J by the action of the air current in the first fertilizer hose 76, and then, by the second fertilizer hose 78, In a state of being mixed and mixed with the chemical conveyed by the chemical hose 79, the chemical hose 80 is conveyed to the portion of the blower cylinder 81 constituting the fertilizer / medicine device D by the merge hose 80. The fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 74 is rotated by the fertilizer supply motor M ₃ and the air cylinder 85 by the air flow generated by rotating the propeller 84 by the fertilizer blower motor M ₄ constituting the fertilizer blower 83. The fertilizer that has reached this part is transported together with the airflow. Exactly in the same manner, the medicine in the medicine tank 75 is supplied by rotating the rotary valve 86 by the medicine supply motor M ₅ and dropping it into the medicine hose 79 arranged vertically immediately below.

  The mixing of the fertilizer and the chemical is that the fertilizer is transported by air flow by blowing air, the chemical is gravity dropped directly below, and the fertilizer and the chemical merge at the junction of the second fertilizer hose 78 and the chemical hose 79 and mix. Is done. For this reason, if the airflow of airflow conveyance reaches the said confluence | merging part as it is, mixing with a chemical | medical agent cannot be performed in the said confluence | merging part, and only the fertilizer conveyed by airflow will be supplied to the fertilizer application | coating apparatus D. For this reason, in the part of the airflow separator J, the airflow is extinguished, and the airflow separator J supplies the downstream side (the second fertilizer hose 78 side) mainly with gravity as in the case of supplying the chemical. By doing so, mixing of the fertilizer and the chemical | drug | medicine was enabled in the junction part of the 2nd fertilizer hose 78 and the chemical | medical agent hose 79. As shown in FIG. 11, the airflow extinguishing structure in the airflow separator J is such that the airflow of the separator main body 87 having a box shape in which the cross-sectional area suddenly increases with respect to the cross-sectional area of the first fertilizer hose 76. A mesh body 88 having a mesh size that prevents passage of fertilizer but allows passage of airflow is incorporated on one or both sides orthogonal to the flow direction, and only the airflow from the portion of the mesh body 88 is externally provided. Then, the fertilizer is dropped into the second fertilizer hose 78 mainly by the gravitational action as it is, that is, the airflow and the fertilizer are separated, and only the fertilizer is supplied to the junction. In addition, in FIG. 11, 89 shows the hopper which has connected the separator main body 87 and the 2nd fertilizer hose 78 by which the upper end part was arrange | positioned vertically, 91 in order to fix the airflow separator J, The fixed body fixed to the side surface of the chemical tank 75 is shown.

The fertilizer supply motor M ₃ , the fertilizer blower motor M _4, and the chemical supply motor M ₅ are controlled in rotation speed by the controllers C _{3 to} C ₅ , respectively, so that the fertilizer and chemical supply amount and the fertilizer are transported by airflow. The amount of air flow can be adjusted. Wherein each controller C ₃ -C ₅ is controlled by the main controller C _0, and performing the control of the ON · OFF of each motor M ₃ ~M ₅ by the main controller C _0.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 12, and 13, the fertilizer / medicine device D is a blower that is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the support table 19 along the traveling direction N of the sowing planter A. a cylindrical 92, provided at the rear of the blowing tube 92, a propeller 93 driven by the blower motor M _2, mounted together with backward inclined posture with respect to the traveling direction N on the rear portion of the blower tube 92 A shutter 95 that opens and closes the opening of the shutter cylinder 94, and a curved plate-like rectifying plate 96 that is attached to the front of the blow cylinder 92 in a state of entering the inside of the seed drop dropping guide tube 24. The shutter 95, by forward and reverse rotation of the drive shaft shuttering motor M ₁ (not shown) (rotation), to open and close the opening of the shutter cylinder 94. That is, a plurality of arm portions 97 are integrally attached to driving shafts (not shown) of the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ at different positions along the circumferential direction. a connecting rod 98 of the connected crank shape is being connected via a connecting wire 99 to, the forward and reverse rotation of the shutter opening and closing motor M ₁ (rotation), fulcrum pivot shaft 101 relative to the shutter cylinder 94 The opening of the shutter cylinder 94 is opened and closed by the rotation of the shutter 95 that is rotatably connected. The lower end portion of the junction hose 80 is inserted into the shutter cylinder 94, and the mixture of fertilizer and medicine mixed at the junction of the second fertilizer hose 78 and the chemical hose 79 passes through the shutter cylinder 94. It is supplied into the blower tube 92. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 104 denotes a pair of fixing plates that fix the blower cylinder 92 to the support table 19.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a propeller housing cylinder 102 having the same width as the shutter cylinder 94 and having a high height is continuously provided at the rear of the shutter cylinder 94, and the propeller housing cylinder 102 is provided. blower motor M ₂ is disposed within. The blower motor M ₂ is arranged with its drive shaft 103 facing the opening side of the propeller housing cylinder 102, and the propeller 93 is attached to the drive shaft 103 of the blower motor M ₂ . For this reason, when the propeller 93 is rotated in a predetermined direction by the blower motor M ₂ , an air flow toward the rectifying plate 96 is generated inside the propeller housing cylinder 102 and the blower cylinder 92. Further, the blower motor M ₂ is not continuously rotated, the rotation speed is controlled by the controller C _2, it has become possible to adjust the airflow speed (air volume). ON / OFF of the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ and the blower motor M ₂ is controlled by the main controller C ₀ .

Here, the blower motor M ₂ is continuously rotating, and the airflow toward the rectifying plate 96 continuously flows in the blower cylinder 92, and the airflow collides with the rectifying plate 96, thereby causing the flow of the airflow. Is converted vertically downward. On the other hand, the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ is operated in synchronism with the detection of the mounting bolt 16 that attaches the conveying plate 15 to the conveying belt 14 by the metal sensor S constituting the seed drop falling detection device B. That is, when the head 16a of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S is detected, the shutter opening and closing motor M ₁ starts to rotate in a predetermined direction (rotation) to close the opening of the shutter cylinder 94 by the detection signal The shutter 95 is opened for a set time, the mixture F of fertilizer and chemicals stored in the shutter cylinder 94 is supplied into the blower cylinder 92, and the mixture F supplied into the blower cylinder 92 is Then, the airflow is carried to the portion of the rectifying plate 96 on the airflow flowing in the blower cylinder 92, and after colliding with the rectifying plate 96, the flowing direction is converted vertically downward and guided to the seed drop dropping guide tube 24. It is applied to a predetermined position in the vicinity of the seed pod K previously placed on the planting part or the seed pod K placed later or almost simultaneously. A single supply amount of the mixture F in which fertilizer and chemicals are mixed is determined by the time when the shutter 95 is open, and after a set time has elapsed since the shutter 95 was opened, the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ is moved in the reverse direction. It rotates (rotates) to close the opening of the shutter cylinder 94. The main controller C ₀ controls the forward rotation start timing of the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ based on the detection signal of the metal sensor S, the stop time after starting the forward rotation (time when the shutter 95 is open), and the reverse rotation start timing. The

  Then, the effect | action of the above-mentioned seed vat planting machine A is demonstrated. A variety of box installation frames 25 on both sides of a seed planter A integrated in the rotary tiller R are provided with seed boxes 26 each containing a large number of seed plants K. The worker U who supplies one by one gets on the rotary tillage device R. In this state, the rotary tiller R is pulled by the tractor, and the tiller shaft 5 is rotated by the power transmitted from the tractor to the tiller R through the universal joint 7. Thereby, when the rotary tiller R moves forward, the gauge wheel 31 that is in contact with the soil surface rotates, and the rotational force is transmitted to the lower pulley 13 of the seed planting machine A by the chain gear transmission. A conveyor belt 14 that is hung on the lower pulley 13 and the upper pulley 12 rotates in the above direction.

As described above, fertilization is performed in synchronism with the detection of the head 16a of the mounting bolt 16 of the endless transport belt 14 by the metal sensor S constituting the seed drop detecting device B from the inside of the transport belt 14. When the shutter opening / closing motor M ₁ constituting the prescription device D is activated and the shutter 95 is opened, the shutter cylinder 94 is opened, and the mixture F of fertilizer and chemicals stored in the shutter cylinder 94 is obtained. The mixture F is supplied into the blowing cylinder 92 and is conveyed to the rectifying plate 96 by air blown by the rotation of the propeller 93. The mixture F collides with the rectifying plate 96 and changes its direction directly below to the seed drop dropping guide tube 24. It is guided and applied to a predetermined position in the vicinity of the seed pod K previously placed on the planting part, or the seed pod K placed later or simultaneously.

Here, by adjusting the arrangement position along the traveling direction Q of the metal sensor S of the seed drop falling detection device B, the detection timing of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S and the lower end of the anti-opposing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14 are detected. When the timing of passing the seed pods falling from the falling part and passing the side of the rectifying plate 96 is matched, the seed culm K and the mixture F of the fertilizer and the chemical F are traveling directions N of the seed cultivator A. Is fallen to substantially the same position along the line and “locally fertilized” is applied to the seed pod K in a state where the mixture F is applied at substantially the same position as the stationary position of the seed pod K in the planting part [FIG. see a)]. Occurrence of the above phenomenon is that the drop speed of the seed soot K at the position of the current plate 96 and the drop speed of the mixture F are the same, but the mixture F has an initial speed and drops. In order to start, the initial drop speed of the mixture F can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the propeller 93 by adjusting the rotation speed of the blower motor M ₂ , and thus the above phenomenon can theoretically occur.

  In addition, by shifting the detection timing of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S and the passing timing of the seeds that fall from the falling portion at the lower end of the oppositely facing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14 and pass through the side of the rectifying plate 96, The mixture F can be applied slightly to the front or rear of the seed culm K that has fallen and is placed on the planting part (see FIGS. 14B and 14C). In addition, in FIG. 14, P shows the planting space | interval (pitch) of the seed potato K, or the fertilization space | interval of the mixture F of a fertilizer and a chemical | medical agent.

In addition, the larger the initial fall speed of the mixture F, the more the mixture F does not scatter and the effect of “local fertilization” increases. Therefore, the initial fall speed of the mixture F passes through the side of the current plate 96. Consider the case where the drop speed is higher than the drop speed of K. FIGS. 15 to 17 are graphs showing the falling distance of the seed soot K and the mixture F with respect to time in the above case, and FIG. 15 is applied by dropping the mixture F at the same position as the seed soot K. In this case, FIGS. 16 and 17 show cases where the mixture F is dropped and applied before and after the seed potato K, respectively. 15 to 17, H ₁ and H ₂ indicate the drop start position of the seed potato K and the drop start position of the mixture F, respectively, and T ₀ is the detection interval time of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S (fertilization / medication) T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ are respectively applied to the stationary position of the seed potato K when the mixture F is applied in front of it, and applied to the rear thereof. Shows the time difference between the start of fall of the seed potato K and the start of operation of the fertilizer / pharmaceutical device D, and ΔT ₂ and ΔT ₃ are obtained when the mixture F is applied to the front and rear of the stationary position of the seed potato K, respectively. The slight time difference of the landing time of seed potato K and mixture F is shown. As shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, by adjusting the timing of the start of dropping the seed potato K and the operation starting timing of the fertilizer / medicine device D, that is, the timing of starting the fall of the mixture F, Thus, the position where the mixture F is applied can be freely adjusted. When the work of the fertilizer / medicine device D is started, it is not always necessary to coincide with the detection of the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S, and it is sufficient if they are synchronized. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 121 denotes a stationary position along the height direction of the seed potato K.

  The seed pod K dropped on the planting part is covered with the soil softened by the tillage blade 6 from both sides toward the center part, and is erected, and then erected. The surface of the ridge 111 is formed into a predetermined shape by a pair of left and right ridge forming plates 47. Thereafter, the surface of the molded ridge 111 is covered with the film 112 drawn from the film roll 48 (see FIG. 18). In addition, since rotation of the gauge wheel 31 and the circular traveling of the conveyor belt 14 are synchronized, the planting interval (pitch) P of the seed culm K planted in the planting unit is the rotary tiller R that is pulled by the tractor. The planting interval P can be changed by replacing the chain gear 39 attached to one end of the second intermediate shaft 38 with one having a different number of teeth.

  In addition, in the said Example, although it is a case where both fertilizer and a chemical | drug | medicine are locally fertilized in the vicinity of the seed pod fixed to the planting part, only one of a fertilizer or a chemical | medical agent is locally fertilized in the vicinity of the seed pod. Is also possible.

  The seed drop detection device B of the above embodiment is configured to detect the existing mounting bolts 16 with the conveying plate 15 attached to the conveying belt 14 by the metal sensor S, but the conveying belt 14 has a large number of conveying plates. It is also possible to provide a number of dogs at the same interval as the 15 mounting pitches and detect the dogs with limit switches.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the metal mounting bolt 16 of the transport plate 15 exposed inside the endless transport belt 14 is detected by the metal sensor S, so that the anti-opposing travel portion of the transport belt 14 is detected. It is a configuration for indirectly detecting the fall timing of the seed soot K falling from the falling part at the lower end, and the deviation between the detection timing for detecting the mounting bolt 16 by the metal sensor S and the fall timing of the actual soot K is as follows: The metal sensor S is adjusted by shifting the metal sensor S along the traveling direction Q of the oppositely facing traveling portion of the conveyor belt 14. This indirect detection method is an indirect detection utilizing the fact that the time difference between the start of dropping of two consecutive seeds K is equal to the time difference between two successive mounting bolts 16 passing through the metal sensor S part. The method of detecting the mounting bolt 16 has an advantage of high detection accuracy as compared to directly detecting the seed K in the start of dropping or falling.

  However, in the present invention, for example, an optical sensor is installed at the upper end portion of the seed drop dropping guide tube 24 above the rectifying plate 96 so as to emit the sensor light in the horizontal direction, and the seed seed in the middle of dropping is directly applied by the optical sensor. It is also possible to detect and synchronize with the detection to operate the fertilizer / medicine device D to locally fertilize the fertilizers on the seed pods placed in the planting part.

  In addition, by using the fertilizer / medicine device D as a single unit, it is possible to perform local fertilization only on the roots of the crops planted in the field at predetermined intervals. For example, the above-mentioned fertilization / medicine device D and a sensor capable of detecting the root of a crop in the field are equipped on the airframe, and the airframe is moved along the reed on the side of the reed where the crop to be fertilized is planted. Each time the root portion of the crop is detected by the sensor while running, the shutter 95 is opened for a predetermined time, and a predetermined amount of fertilizer is sprayed on the root portion of the crop by high-speed airflow. It is preferable that the spray angle of the fertilizer by the fertilizer application device D is directed downward with respect to the horizontal. Further, in order to increase the suitability of the fertilizer spray on the root of the crop, the fertilizer application device D It is preferable to provide an ejection guide tube at the tip of the blow tube 92.

It is a side view of the seed planting machine A incorporated in the rotary tillage device R. It is also a plan view. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship with the soy seedling planting machine A, the fertilizer application | coating apparatus D, and the soy sauce supply table T. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the seed planting machine A. It is a figure which shows the power transmission mechanism of the soy seedling planting machine A. FIG. It is the whole conceptual diagram of the apparatus which concerns on the combination of the soot drop detection apparatus B and the fertilizer application agent D. It is a perspective view of the conveyance belt 14 with which the seed soot fall detection apparatus B was integrated. It is a disassembled perspective view of the seed drop falling detection apparatus B. It is a side surface enlarged view similarly. FIG. 10 is a view on arrow X in FIG. 9. It is a perspective view which mainly shows the part of the airflow separator J for enabling mixing of the fertilizer conveyed by airflow and the chemical | drug | medicine dropped by gravity. 1 is a perspective view of a fertilizer application device D. FIG. (A), (b) is sectional drawing of the fertilizer application | coating apparatus D in the non-supply state of a fertilizer, and a supply state, respectively. (A), (b), (c) shows the case where the position of the local fertilization of the mixture F of the fertilizer and chemical | drug | medicine with respect to the seed potato K differs, respectively. It is a graph which shows the fall distance of the seed soot K and the mixture F with respect to time when the mixture F is given to the same position as the seed soot K. It is a graph which shows the fall distance of the seed soot K and the mixture F with respect to time in case the mixture F is given ahead of the soot seed K. FIG. It is a graph which shows the fall distance of the seed soot K and the mixture F with respect to time in case the mixture F is given behind the seed soot K. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the state in which the film 112 was coat | covered with the cocoon 111 formed by covering the mixture F of the seed cocoon K, the fertilizer, and the chemical | drug | medicine.

A: Seed planting machine
B: Seed fall detection device
D: Fertilizer application
F: Mixture of fertilizer and chemicals
J: Airflow separator
K: Seeds
S: Metal sensor
U: Worker
12: Upper pulley
13: Lower pulley
14: Conveyor belt
15: Transport plate
16: Mounting bolt
18: Airframe of seed planting machine
61: Sensor mounting plate (frame)
64: Intermediate connector (frame)
65: Long hole in the fixed plate
66: Fixed plate part (frame)
76: First fertilizer hose (fertilizer supply hose)
78: Second fertilizer hose (fertilizer supply hose)
79: Chemical hose
80: Junction hose
88: Mesh
92: Blower
93: Propeller
95: Shutter
96: Current plate

Claims (6)

A conveyor belt with a large number of conveyor plates attached at regular intervals is hung between at least two pulleys arranged along the diagonally up and down direction at the same position along the width direction of the body mounted on the rear part of the tractor. The conveyor belt is circulated in a side view so that the opposite traveling portion facing the operator who has entered the machine body travels obliquely upward,
Synchronously with the traveling of the machine body, the conveyor belt is circulated and the seeds placed on the conveyor plate by the operator in the opposite traveling section are conveyed to the falling portion at the lower end of the opposite facing traveling section of the conveyor belt. In the seed planting machine configured to drop and plant one by one,
Seed fall detection device that detects seed pods falling from the fall part one by one, and detection of seed pods by the seed shed fall detection device, and operates in synchronism with fertilizer and / or Alternatively, a seed and planting machine comprising: a fertilizer application device for dropping chemicals by a predetermined amount.   The seed drop falling detection device is a metal sensor disposed on the inner side of the conveyor belt so as to be opposed to the back surface of the conveyor belt in order to detect the respective metal mounting bolts that mount the numerous conveyor plates to the conveyor belt. The seed vat planting machine according to claim 1, wherein the seed vat planting machine is provided.   The seed metal according to claim 2, wherein the metal sensor is attached to a frame fixed to the airframe, and a fixing position along a circumferential direction of a conveyance belt of the frame with respect to the airframe is adjustable. Planting machine.   The seed sowing planting machine according to claim 1, wherein the seed soy drop detecting device is an optical sensor that detects the seed soy when the seed sowing in the middle of the fall blocks light.   The fertilizer application device is provided with a fertilizer supply hose for supplying fertilizer and / or chemicals and a discharge opening of the fertilizer supply hose so that it can be opened and closed. The seed vat planting machine according to claim 1, further comprising an opening shutter.   The fertilizer application device is a portion of the fertilizer supply hose discharge port for sending the fertilizer discharged from the discharge port of the fertilizer supply hose piped obliquely almost horizontally by air blown by rotation of a propeller. And a rectifying plate for causing the fertilizers sent almost horizontally in the blast tube to collide and drop almost directly below the blast tube. Item 6. A seed vat planting machine according to item 5.

Images