JP5247382B2 - Heating and hot water supply system, energy saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction method - Google Patents

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY In the system and method for using hot water generated by combustion of liquid fuel for heating and heating the supplied water to supply hot water, it is possible to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The present invention relates to a heating hot water supply system and method.

  In leisure facilities including recreation facilities, hotels, hospitals, heated pools, etc., boilers are used to use a large amount of heated water and to supply heating to many rooms. In this boiler, liquid fuel such as heavy oil, kerosene, and LPG (liquefied propane gas) having a large combustion energy per unit volume is used, and a large amount of hot water can be supplied, and a large amount of heating can be supplied.

  Liquid fuels used in boilers are refined from petroleum, but the petroleum is subject to speculation such as futures trading, and market prices vary greatly depending on the trend. For this reason, if the market price rises significantly for some reason, the running cost increases greatly.

  In recent years, air pollution and global warming associated with mass consumption of petroleum resources have become problems. In particular, a large amount of carbon dioxide generated after burning heavy oil, light oil, LPG and the like purified from petroleum resources is a problem as a warming gas. The above boiler burns a large amount of heavy oil or the like and discharges a large amount of carbon dioxide.

  In view of these problems, energy saving of products and facilities and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are being attempted. As a heating / hot water supply device, for example, a heat cycle system using a heat pump has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The heat pump includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air and the heat medium, a compressor that compresses the heat medium that has undergone heat exchange and a temperature increase, and heat between the compressed heat medium and the object to be heated. The heat exchanger to be exchanged and an expansion valve that expands the heat medium in a compressed state although the temperature is lowered are provided.

In this Patent Document 1, water is used as a heat medium, and heat is exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler in order to prevent the outside air from becoming a low temperature and being unable to exchange heat with the heat exchanger. It is possible. Note that the heat pump is efficient in that heat about three times the power consumption can be effectively used because it is sufficient to give only the energy required to move the heat medium. Moreover, since it does not use liquid fuel, it is not greatly affected by its market price.
JP 2008-8581 A

  In the conventional apparatus described above, the boiler is used for temperature control and heating of the hot water storage tank. Further, this boiler is connected to two heat exchangers that exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas cylinder so as to effectively use the exhaust heat.

  However, since the hot water storage tank is controlled by the amount of hot water from the boiler, liquid fuel is used for hot water supply, and it is not possible to sufficiently reduce the amount of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide emitted after combustion. Can not.

  Moreover, in order to use one of the hot water or exhaust gas from a boiler in order to heat the water in a warm water storage tank, these are designed and constructed as one body. Therefore, the boiler is already installed, and the heat pump unit is not installed in the form of adding to it. Even if the heat pump unit can be installed in the form of addition to the existing boiler, multiple heat exchangers are required to use the exhaust gas, and the piping is complicated and the installation space is reduced. There is a problem that it is difficult to ensure, a problem that maintenance after installation is difficult, and a problem that a large cost is required for installation and maintenance.

  Therefore, it can be easily added to an existing boiler, can be provided at a low cost without causing problems of installation space and maintenance, and can save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A system that can be used and a method therefor are desired.

  As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention use an existing boiler only for heating, and for hot water supply, branch a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe connected to the existing boiler, and supply them with a hot water storage tank unit and By using a system that is connected to the heat pump unit, a sufficient amount of hot water can be secured, installation and maintenance are easy, and it can be provided at low cost, while saving energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It was found that it can be reduced.

  This invention is made | formed by discovering these things, The said subject can be solved by providing the heating hot-water supply system and method of this invention.

  That is, according to the present invention, in a heating and hot water supply system including a boiler that uses hot water generated by the combustion of liquid fuel for heating and that heats the supplied water to supply hot water, a water supply pipe connected to the boiler and hot water supply A hot water storage system for branching a pipe and further connecting a hot water supply device to the branched water supply pipe and hot water supply pipe, wherein the water heater receives water from the water supply pipe and supplies hot water to the hot water supply pipe A unit, heat absorbing means for absorbing heat from outside air and applying it to the heat medium, compression means for compressing the heat medium, and heating means for heating the water supplied to the hot water storage unit by the compressed heat medium; A heat pump unit including expansion means for expanding the compressed heat medium and supplying the heat absorption means, and stopping water supply to the boiler for hot water supply, Supplying water to only the hot water and heating the water used for the heating through the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe to the water supplied to the water heater and the hot water sent from the water heater. A heating and hot water supply system is provided.

  In this system, the water heater is arranged in the vicinity of the boiler. This is because the heat absorption means absorbs heat from the outside air warmed by heat radiation from the boiler surface, and can heat the heat medium. Even in cold winter, if the outside air is warmed, it is preferable because the heat of the outside air can be used effectively.

  This system can further include a hot water supply device that heats water with the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler and supplies the heated water into the water supply pipe. It effectively utilizes the exhaust gas from existing boilers.

  For example, the hot water supply apparatus includes a coiled heating pipe disposed in an exhaust gas pipe of a boiler, water supply means for supplying water to the heating pipe, and a connection pipe for connecting the heating pipe and the water supply pipe. It can be.

  In addition, the present invention can provide a method for reducing energy consumption and reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. In this method, (1) a stage in which a branch pipe is provided in the middle of each of an existing water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe connected to an existing boiler, and (2) each branch pipe receives (a) water from the water supply pipe. A hot water storage unit for supplying hot water to the hot water supply pipe, (b) a heat absorption means for absorbing heat from outside air and applying it to the heat medium, a compression means for compressing the heat medium, and a hot water storage unit supplied by the compressed heat medium A step of connecting a water heater comprising a heating means for heating water and a heat pump unit including an expansion means for expanding the compressed heat medium and supplying it to the heat absorption means; and (3) to a boiler for hot water supply. Stops the water supply, supplies water only to the water heater, heats it, and gives the heat transmitted from the boiler used for heating through the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe to the water supplied to the water heater and the hot water sent from the water heater Including stages.

  The water heater is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the existing boiler. In this case, the method may further include a step in which the heat absorbing means absorbs heat from the outside air warmed by heat radiation from the boiler surface and warms the heat medium.

  Further, the method may further include a step of heating the water with the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler and supplying the heated water into the water supply pipe by the hot water supply device.

  The heating hot water supply system of the present invention is a system in which a hot water heater is added to a facility that uses existing boiler equipment and uses a large amount of hot water together with heating. In the existing boiler equipment, a water supply pipe for supplying water to the equipment and a hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water produced by heating are connected. The water heater branches these water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes connected to the boiler facility, and is additionally connected to the branched water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one configuration example of a heating and hot water supply system. This heating and hot water supply system includes a boiler 10 that can supply hot water as well as heating, a water supply pipe 20 and a hot water supply pipe 30 connected to the boiler 10, and branch pipes 40 and 41 provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30; The valve 42-45, the hot water storage unit 50 connected to the branch pipes 40 and 41, and the heat pump unit 60 are comprised. Although not shown here, the boiler 10 is separately connected with a water supply pipe for supplying water used for heating and a hot water delivery pipe for delivering the generated warm water.

  The boiler 10 is an existing boiler that heats the heat generated by burning liquid fuel such as heavy oil, light oil, and LPG indirectly to the water supplied through the water supply pipe 20. Inside the boiler 10, two heating pipes are provided for heating and hot water supply, and the heat generated by the combustion of the liquid fuel is given to the water flowing through these heating pipes. In the heating pipe for heating, water is converted into warm water by the given heat and is sent to each room through the hot water delivery pipe. warm.

  In the hot water supply heating pipe, a large amount of water is flowed, and heat generated by the combustion of the liquid fuel is indirectly applied to heat the pipe to a predetermined temperature. The heated water becomes hot water and can be supplied to each location through the hot water supply pipe 30. As described above, since a large amount of water is supplied to the hot water supply heating tube and heated to a predetermined temperature, a large amount of heat energy is required.

  This thermal energy can be obtained by combustion of liquid fuel, but in order to obtain a large amount of thermal energy, a large amount of liquid fuel is required, and a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated after combustion. As a result, energy saving cannot be achieved, and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions increases. In addition, fuel costs are also incurred.

  Facilities equipped with such a boiler 10 include recreational facilities, hotels, leisure facilities, hospitals, etc., especially in hospitals because of the problem of installation space, heating and hot water supply cannot be stopped for a long time. There is no time to destroy 10 and build a new heating and hot water supply system.

  Therefore, while the boiler 10 is used for heating as it is, it is possible to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by simply installing a water heater for hot water supply by simple construction. .

  The hot water heater includes a hot water storage unit 50 and a heat pump unit 60, and the hot water storage unit 50 is used for heating between the hot water storage tank 51, the water supply receiving nozzle 52, the hot water supply / outlet nozzle 53, and the heat pump unit 60. And circulation nozzles 54 and 55 for circulating water.

  The heat pump unit 60 includes a heat absorption unit 61 that absorbs heat from the outside air and applies the heat to the heat medium, a compression unit 62 that compresses the heat medium, and a heating unit 63 that heats the water supplied to the hot water storage unit 50 by the compressed heat medium. And expansion means 64 for expanding the compressed heat medium and supplying it to the heat absorption means 61.

  The heat absorption means 61 is provided with a ventilation fan that takes in outside air and discharges the internal air, and transfers the heat of the outside air taken in to the heat medium to warm the heat medium. Therefore, the heat absorption means 61 includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air and the heat medium. The heat medium flows in the pipe, and the outside air is brought into contact with the pipe to give the heat of the outside air to the heat medium in the pipe. In order to improve the heat conduction efficiency in the heat exchanger, the heat transfer area can be increased. For example, a tube through which a heat medium flows can be formed in a coil shape, or fins can be provided on the surface of the tube. As the heat medium, a gas that can take a large compression ratio and greatly increases in temperature due to the compression is preferable, and examples thereof include air and carbon dioxide.

  The compression means 62 compresses the heat medium warmed by the heat absorption means 61. Since the compression performed by the compression means 62 is polytropic compression close to adiabatic compression, the discharge temperature rises depending on the compression ratio. For example, when air is used as the heat medium and air of about 0.1 MPa and about 20 ° C. is compressed to about 0.7 MPa, if there is no heat exchange with the outside, all the energy applied for the compression is all The temperature rises to about 260 ° C. in theory, but in reality, there is a heat loss, which is about 170 to 200 ° C. Although there is a heat loss, the temperature is higher than 100 ° C., so that water can be sufficiently heated. The compression means 62 is preferably a volumetric compressor, and examples thereof include a reciprocating compressor and a diaphragm type compressor.

  The heat medium thus compressed and brought to a high temperature is sent to the heating means 63 and gives the heat to the water supplied to the hot water storage unit 50. The heating means 63 can be a heat exchanger, and can be coiled or provided with fins in order to increase the heat transfer area.

  The heat medium whose temperature is lowered by applying heat to water in the heating means 63 is maintained in a compressed state, and the temperature does not drop below the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage unit 50. With this, the heat absorption means 61 cannot absorb the heat of the outside air. Therefore, the temperature is expanded by the expansion means 64 to lower the temperature. An expansion valve can be used as the expansion means 64. In the expansion means 64, when the pressure is increased from about 0.1 MPa to about 0.7 MPa by the compression means 62, the pressure can be reduced from about 0.7 MPa to about 0.1 MPa.

  This water heater is provided with branch pipes 40 and 41 and valves 42 to 45 in the middle of the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30, and water is supplied to the branch pipes 40 and 41 via valves 44 and 45 and connection pipes. By connecting the receiving nozzle 52 and the hot water supply / outlet nozzle 53, it is possible to connect to the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30.

  Specifically, the water supply and the hot water supply are temporarily stopped, a part of the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30 are partially cut off, and the branch pipes 40 and 41 and the valves 42 to 45 are attached. The branch pipes 40 and 41 may be Y-shaped pipes or T-shaped pipes. The valves 42 to 45 may be any valves as long as the flow of water can be suppressed, and examples thereof include a globe valve, a gate valve, and a ball valve. Connection to these water supply pipes 20 and hot water supply pipes 30 can be made by welding, screws, or flanges.

  Thus, at the stage where attachment of the branch pipes 40 and 41 and the valves 42 to 45 is completed, water supply to the boiler 10 can be started, and hot water produced by the boiler 10 can be supplied. Therefore, the hot water supply stop time can be shortened. The valves 44 and 45 can be connected to a connection pipe and a hot water heater can be connected to the connection pipe while the valves 44 and 45 are kept closed. When the installation of the water heater is completed, the valves 44 and 45 are opened, the water heater is started, a test operation is performed, and when the test operation is completed, the water supply to the boiler 10 is stopped by the valve 42 and the hot water supply is also the valve 43. To stop. Thereby, hot water supply can be performed only with a water heater.

  The water heater heats the supplied water to make hot water and supplies hot water. At that time, it is necessary to supply power to the compressor as the compression means 62. The cost of making the same amount of hot water can be significantly reduced because the heat pump can effectively use about three times the power consumption as described above, and the amount of energy required is also small. Therefore, energy saving can be achieved. In addition, since the amount of combustion of the liquid fuel is greatly reduced, the amount of generated carbon dioxide can also be greatly reduced.

  In this system, since the boiler 10 is used for heating, the liquid fuel is combusted, but part of the heat is transmitted to the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30 connected to the boiler 10. Generally, the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30 are wound with a heat insulating material so that the water flowing in the interior does not freeze and the hot water supply temperature does not drop, so that the heat is not dissipated to the outside. ing. For this reason, the heat of the boiler 10 is transmitted through the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30 to the water supplied to the water heater and the hot water sent from the water heater, thereby improving the thermal efficiency and further saving energy. be able to.

  The location of the hot water heater may be any location as long as it can be connected in the middle of the water supply pipe 20 and the hot water supply pipe 30. This is because the outside air is warmed by heat radiation from the boiler 10, and the heat absorbing means 61 can absorb more heat as the outside air is warmed. If the temperature of the heat medium is increased, the temperature can be set to a temperature at which water can be sufficiently heated without much compression, and as a result, the power consumption can be reduced.

  Although a system with additional hot water heaters connected as described above can be constructed to save energy and reduce greenhouse gases, water is heated by exhaust gas discharged from the boiler 10 in order to further improve thermal efficiency. The apparatus can further include a hot water supply device that supplies the heated water into the water supply pipe 20 that supplies the hot water heater.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the heating and hot water supply system. A hot water supply device is further provided in the system configuration shown in FIG. 1, and the hot water supply device supplies a coil-shaped heating tube 70 disposed in the exhaust gas pipe of the boiler 10 and water for supplying water to the heating tube 70. Means 71 and a connecting pipe 72 that connects the heating pipe 70 and the water supply pipe 20 are provided.

  Since the boiler 10 is used for heating, a predetermined amount of liquid fuel is combusted to generate hot water required for the heating. After combustion, exhaust gas is exhausted through the exhaust pipe, but the exhaust gas is simply released into the atmosphere.

  Therefore, the heating pipe 70 is disposed in the exhaust gas pipe, the heating pipe 70 and the water supply pipe 20 are connected by a connection pipe 72, and the waste heat is effectively used by supplying the heating pipe 70 with water supply means 71 such as a pump. To do. Although this exhaust gas has a high temperature, it is used for heating. Therefore, the exhaust gas does not have enough heat to continuously heat the water supplied from the water supply pipe 20 to, for example, about 90 ° C.

  For this reason, a part of the total water supply amount can be supplied after being heated to about 90 ° C. or preheated to a lower temperature. In this case, since the temperature of the water supply to the water heater rises, hot water having a desired temperature can be obtained even if the compression means 62 does not compress the heat pump unit 60 at a very high compression ratio, and further energy saving can be achieved. it can.

  So far, the heating and hot water supply system of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other embodiments, additions, Modifications, deletions, and the like can be made within the scope that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, and any aspect is included in the scope of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are exhibited.

The figure which showed the structural example of the heating hot-water supply system. The figure which showed another structural example of the heating hot-water supply system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Boiler, 20 ... Water supply pipe, 30 ... Hot water supply pipe, 40, 41 ... Branch pipe, 42-45 ... Valve, 50 ... Hot water storage unit, 51 ... Hot water storage tank, 52 ... Water supply receiving nozzle, 53 ... Hot water supply delivery nozzle, 54 55 ... circulation nozzle, 60 ... heat pump unit, 61 ... heat absorption means, 62 ... compression means, 63 ... heating means, 64 ... expansion means, 70 ... heating pipe, 71 ... water supply means, 72 ... connecting pipe

Claims (8)

In a heating and hot water supply system including a boiler that uses hot water generated by the combustion of liquid fuel to heat and supplies hot water by heating the supplied water, the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe connected to the boiler are branched and branched. A hot water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are additionally connected to a hot water supply system, the hot water supply machine,
A hot water storage unit that receives water from the water supply pipe and supplies hot water to the hot water supply pipe;
Heat absorption means for absorbing heat from outside air and applying it to the heat medium, compression means for compressing the heat medium, heating means for heating the water supplied to the hot water storage unit by the compressed heat medium, and the compressed A heat pump unit including an expansion means for expanding the heated heat medium and supplying the heat medium to the heat absorption means,
Water supply to the boiler for the hot water supply is stopped, water is supplied only to the water heater and heated, and heat transmitted from the boiler used for the heating through the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe is supplied to the hot water supply. A heating hot water supply system, characterized in that the hot water supply system supplies water supplied to a machine and hot water delivered from the water heater.   The heating water heater according to claim 1, wherein the hot water heater is arranged in the vicinity of the boiler, and the heat absorbing means absorbs heat from the outside air heated by heat radiation from the boiler surface to warm the heat medium. system.   The heating hot water supply system of Claim 1 or 2 further provided with the hot water supply apparatus which heats water with the waste gas discharged | emitted from the said boiler, and supplies the heated said water into the said water supply pipe | tube.   The hot water supply device includes a coiled heating pipe disposed in an exhaust gas pipe of the boiler, water supply means for supplying water to the heating pipe, a connection pipe connecting the heating pipe and the water supply pipe, The heating hot-water supply system of Claim 3 provided with these. In a heating and hot water supply system including a boiler that uses hot water generated by combustion of liquid fuel to heat and supplies hot water by heating the supplied water, it is a method for reducing energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. There,
Providing a branch pipe in the middle of each of a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe connected to the boiler;
A hot water storage unit that receives water from the water supply pipe and supplies hot water to the hot water supply pipe to each of the branch pipes, a heat absorption means that absorbs heat from the outside air and gives the heat medium, and a compression means that compresses the heat medium; Hot water supply comprising a heat pump unit including heating means for heating the water supplied to the hot water storage unit by the compressed heat medium, and expansion means for expanding the compressed heat medium and supplying the heat absorption means. Connecting the machines,
Water supply to the boiler for the hot water supply is stopped, water is supplied only to the water heater and heated, and heat transmitted from the boiler used for the heating through the water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe is supplied to the hot water supply. Providing water to the machine and feeding to the hot water delivered from the water heater. The water heater is arranged adjacent to the boiler,
The method according to claim 5, wherein the method includes a step in which the heat absorbing means absorbs heat from the outside air heated by heat radiation from the boiler surface and warms the heat medium.   The method according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a step of heating water with exhaust gas discharged from the boiler by a hot water supply device, and supplying the heated water into the water supply pipe. The hot water supply device includes a coiled heating pipe disposed in an exhaust gas pipe of the boiler, water supply means for supplying water to the heating pipe, a connection pipe connecting the heating pipe and the water supply pipe, The method of claim 7 comprising:

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