JP5280387B2 - Safety analysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method of a safety analysis system capable of predicting the occurrence of a labor disaster before the occurrence of the labor disaster, and to provide a control method of a safety analysis system capable of quantitatively evaluating severity of labor disaster occurrence and occurrence probability at low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The control method of the safety system is provided for predicting the occurrence of labor disaster by collecting work information of a worker and safety information associated with the work of the worker by a personal digital assistant. The method includes: a work and safety observation recording step in which the personal digital assistant simultaneously collects work information including at least work stage information, job family information, work content information and work area information of the operator, and safety information including non-safety state information and safety level information; a record tabulation step of accumulating the information in a computer; an analysis step in which the computer estimates an accident factor from the information; and an evaluation step of feeding back the analysis results in the analysis step to the worker. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a safety analysis system for predicting the occurrence of an occupational accident in order to prevent an accident occurring at a manufacturing site or the like.

  In 1999, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced the guidelines for the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS). OHSMS is implemented according to a so-called PDCA cycle in the order of plan (Plan), implementation / operation (Do), inspection / correction (Check), and review (Act) in the same manner as the environmental management system. A risk assessment is conducted at the time of planning, and the risk is continuously reduced by repeating this cycle. Recently, the movement of OHSMS introduction by private companies is remarkable. Companies are required to conduct risk assessment and risk management for business facilities and operations.

  The specific method for conducting this risk assessment is not clearly defined in the guidelines of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. However, as a standard method recommended by the OHSMS auditing organization, the tasks to be evaluated are divided into processes, risk hazards are assumed for each process, and the risks are qualitatively determined from both the seriousness and possibility of occurrence of this hazard. What is quantitatively evaluated is known.

  As a specific system for preventing this occupational accident, a system for constructing a database of occupational accidents that occurred in the past and preventing a new accident based on this data has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). reference).

  However, the systems described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have several problems. First, since the system prevents the recurrence of the same or similar accidents based on the industrial accidents that have already occurred, the effect can be obtained only within this range. In other words, accidents cannot be prevented for new work in newly established factories and newly added work processes.

  Secondly, until an accident occurs, even dangerous work or the like may be overlooked.

  Third, there is a problem that it is difficult to evaluate the seriousness and possibility of occurrence in the risk assessment at the time of planning. This seriousness is an index indicating how much disaster occurs when an occupational accident occurs in each process. In the evaluation of this seriousness, it is not possible to evaluate unless a disaster that occurs in advance is determined. Therefore, there is a problem that the accuracy of the seriousness evaluation greatly varies depending on individual skills such as the level of understanding the contents of each process and the sensitivity for predicting the danger hidden in this process.

  In addition, the probability of occurrence is an index indicating the probability of engaging in each process of work. In evaluating this possibility, it is necessary to evaluate quantitatively in order to improve accuracy. However, for quantitative evaluation, it is necessary to obtain a time ratio of each process of the work, and this work has a problem that enormous time and cost are required.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-196448 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-119310

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a control method for a safety analysis system capable of predicting the occurrence of an occupational accident before the occurrence of the occupational accident. That is, an OSHMS control method that does not assume the occurrence of an accident is provided. Furthermore, the present invention provides a control method for a safety analysis system that can quantitatively evaluate the occurrence and possibility of occurrence of occupational accidents and can be realized at low cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for controlling a safety analysis system according to the present invention collects information on an operation of a worker and information on an unsafe state in the operation with a portable information terminal, and predicts the occurrence of an occupational accident. A method for controlling a safety analysis system, in which the portable information terminal collects at least the work stage information, job type information, work content information, work place information, unsafe state information, and safety level information of the worker. An observation recording step, a record counting step for accumulating the information in a computer, an analysis step in which the computer estimates an accident occurrence factor from the information, and an evaluation step in which an analysis result in the analysis step is fed back to an operator. It is characterized by that.

  With this configuration, it is possible to collect information (work information) related to the operation of the worker and safety information at the same time, so that the severity and possibility of occurrence of the accident can be quantitatively evaluated before the accident occurs. Moreover, since information collection for evaluating the seriousness and possibility of occurrence is performed by the portable information terminal, information collection, accumulation, and analysis can be performed in a short time. Furthermore, since the information to be collected is not the occupational accident information used in the conventional OSHMS, but information on the operation of the worker, information on the number of cases greatly increased can be obtained.

  It should be noted that the information collection by the portable information terminal may be configured such that the observer who owns the portable information terminal moves while moving around the factory or the manufacturing site, or each worker owns the portable information terminal. However, it may be configured to be automatically performed by a sensor or the like mounted on the portable information terminal.

  In the control method of the safety analysis system, in the analysis step, the possibility of work is calculated from the accumulated work information, the severity of an occupational accident is calculated from the accumulated safety information, and the possibility of occurrence The risk is quantitatively evaluated from the seriousness. With this configuration, the seriousness and possibility of occurrence of occupational accidents can be quantitatively evaluated and can be realized at low cost.

  In the control method of the safety analysis system, the information is accumulated in the computer from the portable information terminal via a wireless or recording medium. With this configuration, it is possible to collect information using a plurality of portable information terminals and accumulate this information in a computer.

  In the control method of the safety analysis system, the analysis step includes element work items having the work stage information, the job type information, the work content information, and the work place information, the unsafe state information, and the safety level. Cross tabulation is performed for items of unsafe behavior with information.

  With this configuration, it is possible to predict the risk of accident occurrence and take measures before the accident occurs. Further, this risk can be notified in advance to a worker who performs an element work that is at risk of an accident. Specifically, it can be configured to send information about the risk of an accident from a computer to a portable information terminal and notify the operator.

  Moreover, the risk of an accident can be predicted even in other manufacturing sites having similar element work items by collecting the information of unsafe action items corresponding to the information of each element work item as a database.

  According to the crane of the present invention, it is possible to provide a control method for a safety analysis system that can predict the occurrence of an occupational accident before the occurrence of the occupational accident. In other words, in the present invention, PDA (personal digital assistant) is used to input actual factory work information and risk by the instantaneous observation method (JISZ8141), and quantitatively calculate the risk in each work. The control method of this safety analysis system is characterized in that it collects the worker's work information and safety information at the same time, and deals with the risk that is the previous stage rather than the accident that has already occurred. By grasping in advance work with high work frequency and high risk, a safe workplace with low risk can be constructed. Furthermore, it is possible to collect data of manufacturing sites such as many factories, to enhance the database, and to improve data reliability.

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  The present invention collects the work status of a worker in a factory or the like as information with a portable information terminal (for example, PDA, Personal Digital Assistant, etc.). This information is accumulated in a computer and analyzed to predict the risk of an accident in advance. In addition, this is a system control method for sending a prediction of the occurrence of an accident from a computer to a PDA and alerting an operator who performs an operation involving the risk of the occurrence of an accident.

  In other words, the work of collecting information by the PDA and the safety observation recording step, the record counting step for accumulating this information in a computer, the analysis step for estimating the accident occurrence factor from this information, and the analysis result is fed back to the manufacturing site Has an evaluation step. Hereinafter, a control method of a safety analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The safety analysis system of the present invention can be used in manufacturing workplaces such as shipyards and steelworks. Here, an example in the case of using in the process of manufacturing a ship's hull in particular will be specifically described. First, the system configuration will be described. The safety analysis system includes a plurality of PDAs and a computer that accumulates and analyzes information acquired by the PDAs. This computer is preferably configured to exchange information with a plurality of PDAs by wireless such as a wireless LAN or Blue Tooth.

  The information acquisition by the PDA is configured such that the observer observes and inputs the operator while moving in the shipyard. Further, the PDA may be configured to be mounted with various sensors such as a three-dimensional acceleration sensor and GPS, and each PDA may be carried by the worker. The PDA possessed by the operator can be configured to automatically acquire information by various sensors.

  FIG. 1 shows the concept of information collection by a portable information terminal (PDA or the like). This PDA contains at least (1) work stage information, (2) job type information, (3) work content information, (4) work place information, (5) unsafe state information, and (6) safety level information. It is configured to collect. The computer accumulates this information and predicts the occurrence of an accident.

  Next, information to be collected will be described. FIGS. 2 and 3 show how (1) work stage information is acquired by a PDA. FIG. 2 shows hull block names. Here, the current hull (hull) is manufactured by dividing each block into blocks and connecting the blocks together with a stern to build. FIG. 3 shows process names. Specifically, in this step, unloading and splicing of the steel plate are performed in step 1, longe attachment and web attachment are performed in steps 2 and 3, and web raising and transformer raising are performed in steps 4 and 5. In step 5, panel mounting, block and outer plate raising are performed, in step 6, the hull block is reversed, and in step 7, unloading is performed.

  FIG. 4 shows a situation when (2) job type information is acquired by a PDA. This shows the group to which the workers belong.For example, the distribution is a group of workers who perform slinging operations, crane operations, etc., and the ironworker performs tack welding to align the steel materials. A work group for attaching pieces for positioning, and welding is a group of workers who perform welding of steel materials.

  FIGS. 5 to 7 show how the (3) work content information is acquired by the PDA. For example, FIG. 5A shows the contents of work performed by the worker in charge of distribution in step 1. That is, different work content information can be set in advance for each worker's charge and process.

  FIG. 8 shows a state when (4) work place information is acquired by a PDA. This shows the state of the worker's feet.

  FIG. 9 shows a state when (5) unsafe state information is acquired by the PDA. This indicates an unsafe state that is different for each worker's charge. Specifically, when the worker does not use the safety belt or does not use it correctly, for example, the PDA acquires information on the safety belt unused as shown in FIG. 9C.

  FIG. 10 shows a state when (6) safety level information is acquired by the PDA. This is, for example, a violation of work rules when the safety band is not used, and information about a shortage or a shortage is acquired when it is not used correctly. The above is the detailed items of each information acquired by the PDA. 11 to 16 show definitions of information acquired by the PDA.

  Next, a method when the PDA obtains each information will be described. As a first method, there is a method in which an observer who has a PDA looks around a manufacturing site and collects information. The observer inputs each information into the PDA about the worker who has entered the field of view (instant observation method or the like). At this time, the display as shown in FIGS. 2 to 10 can be sequentially output to the PDA, and the observer can select and input sequentially with a fingertip, a touch pen, or the like.

  As a second method, there is a method in which various sensors such as a three-dimensional acceleration sensor and GPS are mounted on the PDA, and each PDA is held by an operator. This will be specifically described below. First, acquisition of (1) work stage information, (3) work content information, and (4) work place information by PDA will be described. The computer is configured to hold, as information, a map of the shipyard and a position of a block under construction in the shipyard. The PDA combines the information held by this computer and the position information of the GPS mounted on the PDA to recognize the position of the worker in the shipyard. Thereby, the block information of the hull block which an operator works can be obtained.

  Further, the computer is configured to hold which work process each block is in as process management information. From this information, the PDA can automatically obtain information on the process in which the worker will work from now on, that is, (3) work content information.

  Further, by combining the process management information held by the computer and the GPS location information held by the PDA, the PDA can recognize the state of the operator's feet. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to acquire information such as whether the worker is on an inclined block, at an end of the block, or on a scaffold.

  Next, (2) Acquisition of worker type information by PDA will be described. This job type information can be input to the PDA by the operator. Further, it may be registered in advance in the PDA. Furthermore, it may be configured such that the work process table and the worker allocation information are input to the computer, and the job type information is transmitted from the computer to the PDA.

  Next, acquisition of (5) unsafe state information and (6) safety level information by the PDA will be described. Such information can be configured to be acquired by a three-dimensional acceleration sensor mounted on the PDA. That is, when the worker works in an unstable posture and loses balance, a large acceleration can be detected. Also, a large acceleration can be detected when trying to avoid objects reflectively. The PDA can recognize the posture of the worker from the detected information. An acceleration sensor may be installed on the worker's shoes, gloves, helmet, or the like, and the worker's safety state may be acquired from the acceleration sensor. This is because when the head, hands, and feet move suddenly, some problem often occurs.

  Furthermore, the movement of the center of gravity of the worker may be detected, and (5) unsafe state information and (6) safety level information may be acquired from this pattern. Specifically, video cameras are installed at various places in the work place, the posture of the worker is acquired as image information with this camera, and the center of gravity of the worker is detected from this image information. An existing method such as a motion capture method can be used to detect the center of gravity of the worker.

  Information on the center of gravity of the worker obtained as described above is continuously accumulated. From the fluctuation of the center of gravity position, the worker's safety state can be determined. In other words, if the center of gravity position regularly fluctuates, it can be determined that walking or the like is being performed, and if the center of gravity position irregularly fluctuates, the safety level is low, for example, the state of the foot is bad. It can be judged to be low (refer to the Japan Society of Marine Science and Technology, June 2009 issue “Study on Safety Assessment of Walking Path Environment for Work by Chaos Analysis”).

  In order to easily obtain the worker's safety level, a marker is placed on the greater trochanter or the waist, etc., which is the bulge on the outside of the operator's femur, and the movement of this marker is assumed to be the center of gravity of the worker You may judge. Here, the safety level of the worker is determined by a PDA or a computer.

  With the above configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained. First, by collecting information on hull block names, it is possible to predict a specific danger for each block having a different shape and work environment. Similarly, since the occupation of the worker evaluates safety for each process and work content and accumulates this information, it is possible to know in advance the details of the accident occurrence. The combination of information collected by the PDA can be determined as appropriate for each factory or manufacturing site to which this safety analysis system is applied.

  Next, computerized recording, analysis, and evaluation will be described. In a computer, information is accumulated from a PDA via a recording medium such as a wireless or memory card. This information is analyzed to quantitatively grasp the unsafe state of the worker. In other words, (6) In the safety level information, for example, 1 point if it is good, 2 points if it is slightly insufficient, 3 points if it is insufficient, 5 points if it violates the rule, and an accident occurs in a place with a large number of points. Judged as dangerous. The computer may be configured to acquire weather information and the like.

  With the above configuration, the causal relationship between the work content and process and the unsafe state can be estimated. That is, since the amount of information obtained is much larger than the conventional analysis based on accident information that has already occurred, it is possible to estimate a causal relationship with high reliability. In addition to the information acquired by the PDA, records of disasters that occurred in the past, weather information, and the like may be added. With this configuration, it is possible to predict an accident or the like that is likely to occur when there is a possibility that a work action similar to the past may be performed, and when rain or temperature is high.

  The information collected and analyzed by the PDA may be configured such that the information is shared between the PDAs without using a computer, and the information is collected and analyzed by the PDA itself.

  Next, data obtained by operating the safety analysis system in the shipyard will be described. FIG. 17 shows an example of a graph in which information relating to work performed by the person in charge of welding in work process 1 (see FIG. 7A) is tabulated. The number of observations on the horizontal axis indicates the total number of information collected by the PDA. The frequency on the vertical axis indicates how much work is included in the total of information collected by the PDA. In the graph, 1 is permanent welding, 2 is reworking, 3 is cleaning, and 4 is welding-related work. Note that other work (welding preparation work, automatic welding, etc.) is not shown in the graph, but work information is similarly accumulated.

  In the graph of FIG. 17, for example, when the total number of observations is 15, out of the work information, the main welding 1 accounts for 50%, the rework 2 is over 20%, the cleaning 3 is less than 10%, It shows that the welding incidental work 4 is 0%.

As the number of observations increases, the frequency of each task converges to a certain value. That is, when the number of observations is small, the influence of the judgment of the observer holding the PDA, the deviation of the work contents of the worker equipped with the sensor, etc., the weather, the busy season, and the off-season can occur. However, it was found that when the number of observations is accumulated while changing the observer or worker who owns the PDA, the frequency of each work converges to a unique value for each factory. In other words, this frequency can be said to be a quantitative evaluation of the possibility of the target work. Note that it is possible to easily determine whether or not the number of observations is sufficient from the frequency convergence state in the work information.

  In addition, by collecting safety information (unsafe condition and safety level information) performed simultaneously with the collection of work information (work stage, job type, work content, and work place information) It can be evaluated quantitatively. Furthermore, it is possible to visualize risks that change with improvement work and the like.

  In the safety analysis system of the present invention, when the observer inputs the PDA, the input time per time is about 30 to 75 seconds. Since work information and safety information can be acquired in an extremely short time, the observation time and time zone can be selected flexibly. That is, as compared with a conventional safety patrol or the like in which a plurality of observers gather at a predetermined time, the safety analysis system of the present invention can collect information in a gap time.

Claims (4)

It is a control method of a safety analysis system that collects worker work information and safety information accompanying the work of the worker with a portable information terminal, and predicts the occurrence of an occupational accident,
Work and safety in which the portable information terminal simultaneously collects work information including at least work stage information, job type information, work content information and work place information of the worker, and safety information including unsafe state information and safety level information Observation recording step,
A record counting step for collecting the information in a computer;
An analyzing step in which the computer estimates an accident occurrence factor from the information;
A control method for a safety analysis system, comprising an evaluation step of feeding back an analysis result in the analysis step to an operator.   In the analysis step, the possibility of work is calculated from the collected work information, the severity of an occupational accident is calculated from the collected safety information, and the risk is quantitatively evaluated from the possibility and the seriousness. The method of controlling a safety analysis system according to claim 1, wherein:   3. The method of controlling a safety analysis system according to claim 1, wherein in the recording aggregation step, the information is stored in the computer from the portable information terminal via wireless or a recording medium.   In the analysis step, the element work item having the work stage information, the job type information, the work content information, and the work place information, and the unsafe action item having the unsafe state information and the safety level information are crossed. 4. The safety analysis system control method according to claim 1, wherein the totalization is performed.

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