JP5289250B2 - Push-button switch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reed switch control device and a push button switch including the reed switch control device.

  For trains and trains on routes with few passengers, the doors are left unnecessarily open to prevent the temperature in the vehicle from falling or rising due to heating in the winter or cooling in the summer. For this reason, there is a vehicle equipped with a semi-automatic door that can be opened and closed by the passenger when the vehicle stops.

  In such a vehicle, push button switches are installed as door opening / closing switches on the vehicle exterior side and the vehicle interior side of the door accommodating portion.

  As shown in FIG. 8, this type of push button switch has conventionally been provided with a reed switch 21 fixedly provided in the casing and a push button 22 that can be moved into and out of the casing. On the peripheral surface of the reed switch 21 side, there is a push button switch to which a reed switch 21 operating magnet 23 is attached. In addition, illustration of a casing is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.

  In the push button switch having the above configuration, since the contact portion is a reed switch, it can be used at a relatively high voltage, and the reed switch is located on the side of the displacement path of the push button. Is within the thickness of the length of the push button plus the displacement stroke.

JP 2001-184993 A

  As described above, when a reed switch control device such as a push button switch is constituted by a reed switch and a magnet, there is room for improvement when the action of the magnet on the reed switch is examined, and further the moving distance of the magnet is increased. A structure that shortens and ensures on / off operation is desired.

The present invention is, with respect to the reed switch, so the reed switch by the magnet to move to on-off operation in a direction intersecting at right angles with its electrode shaft, the magnet has a polar axis on the opposite surface, the poles The axis is on the Z axis-Y axis plane with respect to the orthogonal axis (Y axis) orthogonal to the electrode axis of the reed switch and orthogonal to the moving direction axis (Z axis) of the magnet. A push button switch provided with a reed switch control device inclined from an axis), and having a push button provided so as to be movable in and out with respect to the casing as means for moving the magnet. .

  The magnetic field strength acting on the lead piece of the reed switch includes not only the distance between the reed switch and the magnet, but also the angle of the magnetic pole axis (SN axis) of the magnet with respect to the reed switch (simply, any magnetic pole of the magnet The degree of magnetic field strength is a product of the effect of distance and the effect of the angle of the magnetic pole.

  If the angle θ of the magnetic pole axis with respect to the direction of the reed switch is θ = 0, the S pole or N pole faces the reed switch, and the magnetic field strength acting on the reed piece of the reed switch becomes the maximum, θ = 90 ° Then, in any position of the reed piece of the reed switch, since it is at the same distance from the S and N poles of the magnet and acts with the same strength, it is not magnetized to the S or N pole. The strength of the magnetic field acting between the lead pieces becomes zero, and there is no magnetic flux passing through the gap between the lead pieces. At this time, the suction force acting on the gap is zero.

  As in the present invention, when the magnetic pole axis of the magnet is inclined toward the moving direction axis of the magnet (inclination angle α), when viewed from the reed switch side, the magnetic pole on the reed switch side of the magnet is Suitable for either one. When the magnet is at the shortest distance from the reed switch, the angle of the magnetic pole axis with respect to the reed switch direction has already been inclined by the inclination angle α described above. As it moves, the angle of the magnetic pole axis with respect to the direction of the reed switch further increases from α and approaches 90 °. For this reason, the magnetic field strength acting on the reed switch rapidly decreases due to the effect of the angle, and the overall magnetic field strength is significantly reduced.

  As described above, on the inclined side of the magnet, the magnetic field strength acting on the reed switch is greatly increased or decreased by only moving the magnet over a very short distance, and the reed switch is turned on / off.

  According to the present invention, on the inclined side of the magnet, the magnetic field strength acting on the reed switch is greatly increased or decreased only by moving the magnet over a very short distance. Therefore, the moving distance of the magnet can be shortened and the lead accompanying the magnet movement can be reduced. The on and off regions of the switch are not narrowed and the on / off operation can be ensured.

  In the push button switch, the thickness of the push button in the pushing operation direction (usually the thickness in the front and back) can be reduced.

The front view of the pushbutton switch which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing in the (2)-(2) line | wire of FIG. The figure which shows the positional relationship of a magnet and a reed switch. The positional relationship figure of the magnet of a conventional pushbutton switch, and a reed switch. FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the magnet position and the magnetic field strength (distance effect and angle effect) in the positional relationship of FIG. 4. The positional relationship figure of the magnet of this invention and a reed switch. FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the magnet position and the magnetic field strength (distance effect and angle effect) in the positional relationship of FIG. 6. The schematic perspective view of the conventional pushbutton switch.

  A push button switch according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The push button switch according to the embodiment includes a casing 1, a reed switch 2, a push button 3, and a reed switch. And a magnet (permanent magnet) 4 for opening and closing 2.

  The casing 1 is made of synthetic resin, and a reed switch 2 is mounted inside. The reed switch 2 has a predetermined orientation in which the electrode axis (longitudinal axis) faces the left and right of the casing 1.

  The push button 3 is a short shaft body made of synthetic resin, and is held in the casing 1 so as to be able to slide for a fixed stroke in the axial direction of the shaft body and in a direction perpendicular to the electrode axis of the reed switch 2. At least the front portion thereof is displaced from the casing 1. A hook 3a for restricting the sliding range is integrally formed in the middle part of the push button 3, and a spring 5 for biasing the push button 3 in the protruding direction is provided at the rear part. On the front surface of the casing 1, a cover plate 6 that receives the flange 3 a of the push button 3 is attached.

  The magnet 4 is attached so as to be embedded in a position closest to the reed switch 2 when the push button 3 is pushed to the limit on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body of the push button 3. In accordance with the operation, the magnet 4 moves in a direction perpendicular to the electrode axis of the reed switch 2 from a position away from the reed switch 2 and approaches the reed switch 2 to close the reed switch 2. Yes.

  In the above configuration, the present invention is characterized in that the magnetic pole axis (SN axis) M of the magnet 4 attached to the push button 3 is perpendicular to the electrode axis of the reed switch 2 from the center of the shaft body of the push button 3. That is, it is inclined at an angle α to the side of the moving direction axis of the magnet 4 with respect to the orthogonal axis (Y axis) set so as to cross. More specifically, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 6, the magnetic pole axis M of the magnet 4 is orthogonal to the electrode axis (X axis) of the reed switch 2 and the moving direction axis (Z axis) of the magnet 4 ( It is on the Y axis-Z axis plane with respect to the Y axis) and is inclined at an angle α toward the moving direction axis (Z axis) of the magnet 4.

  As described above, in the present invention, the magnetic pole axis M of the magnet 4 is inclined toward the moving direction axis of the magnet 4, so that the position where the magnet 4 is farthest from the reed switch 2 to the position where the reed switch 2 is the shortest distance. Therefore, the magnetic field strength acting on the reed switch 2 changes suddenly before the position of the shortest distance, and the moving distance of the magnet 4 necessary for the on / off operation of the reed switch 2 is shortened. However, this will be described in order from a simple example based on FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the electrode axis of the reed switch 2 is the X axis, the axis perpendicular to the X axis at a predetermined position on the X axis is the Y axis, and the magnet 4 is at the position y on the Y axis. Consider a case where the magnetic pole axis (SN axis) M is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the Y axis.

  At this time, the magnetic field intensity B acting on the gap between the lead pieces of the reed switch 2 is substantially as follows.

B = (B ₀ / L ³ ) cos θ (Formula 1)
However, Bo is a constant, L is the distance between the magnet and the reed switch (= y), and the magnetic field strength acting on the reed piece of the reed switch 2 is approximately inversely proportional to the cube of the distance L and is approximately cosine of θ. Proportional.

  With respect to the angle θ of the magnetic pole axis M, if θ = 0, the S pole or the N pole faces the reed switch 2 and the magnetic field strength acting on the lead piece of the reed switch 2 is maximized. If θ = 90 °, any position of the lead piece of the reed switch 2 is at the same distance from the S pole and N pole of the magnet 4 and acts with the same strength, so that it is magnetized to the S pole or N pole. Never happen. For this reason, the strength of the magnetic field acting between the lead pieces is zero, and there is no magnetic flux passing through the gap. At this time, the suction force acting on the gap is zero.

  Next, consider a case where the magnet moves relative to the reed switch as in the conventional example shown in FIG. In the conventional example, as shown in FIG. 4, the magnet 4 moves in a direction orthogonal to the X axis and the Y axis, that is, in the Z axis direction. In this case, the magnetization direction of the magnet 4, that is, the magnetic pole axis M is parallel to the Y axis. In FIG. 4, the X axis is orthogonal to the paper surface at the position where the reed switch 2 is shown.

  When the magnet 4 is at the shortest distance of the reed switch 2, the magnetic field is strong, and the ON position is set to z = 0. When the magnet 4 moves from the on position by z to the left or right along the Z axis, the reed switch 2 is turned off, and this is set to the off position. When the magnet 4 is at z, the distance L between the magnet 4 and the reed switch 2 and the angle θ between the magnetic pole axis M and the reed switch direction (L direction) are expressed by Equations 2 and 3.

L = √ (y ² + z ² ) (Equation 2)
θ = tan ⁻¹ (z / y) (Formula 3)
The value of the magnetic field strength acting on the lead piece of the reed switch 2 can be obtained by substituting the values of Equation 2 and Equation 3 into Equation 1.

FIG. 5 shows the magnetic field strength acting on the gap of the reed switch 2 when the magnet 4 moves on the movement direction axis (Z axis), the effect of distance (corresponding to 1 / L ³ in Equation 1) and the effect of angle. (Equation 1 corresponds to cos θ).

  When z increases, the magnetic field of the gap decreases due to the effect of the distance, the magnetic field decreases due to the effect of the angle, and the gap magnetic field greatly decreases due to the synergistic effect of the effect of the distance and the effect of the angle (note that the gap magnetic field strength) Is not shown).

  However, regardless of the movement in any direction, the rate of increase / decrease in the angle effect is gradual compared to the distance effect, and the decrease in the overall magnetic field strength cannot be said to be steep.

  FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the reed switch 2 and the magnet 4 in the present invention. As with the conventional push button switch, the magnet 4 has a constant position x on the electrode axis (X axis) of the reed switch 2 and a constant distance y in the Y axis direction perpendicular to the X axis. Move in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis. The magnetic pole axis M of the magnet 4 is on the Y axis-Z axis plane, and is attached to the push button 3 as a moving means in a state inclined by an angle α with respect to the Y axis. The figure shows a case where the magnetic pole axis M is inclined to the left. Also in this case, the magnetic field strength acting on the lead piece is expressed by Formula 1, and the distance L to the reed switch and the angle θ of the magnetic pole axis are expressed by Formula 4 and Formula 5.

L = √ (y ² + z ² ) (Formula 4)
θ = tan ⁻¹ (z / y) + α (the magnet moves to the left) (Equation 5a)
θ = tan ⁻¹ (z / y) −α (the magnet moves to the right) (Equation 5b)
L in Equation 4 is the same as that in Equation 2, but the angle θ shows a larger value by the inclination angle α when the magnet 4 moves to the left (tilt side), and the magnet 4 moves to the right (anti-tilt side). When it does, it shows a small value by the inclination angle α.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field strength with respect to the position z of the magnet as a result of substituting the value of Equation 3 into Equation 1. In FIG. 7, the inclination angle α is set to 30 °.

  The effect of the distance is the same as in FIG. 5, but the effect of the angle on the magnetic field strength is significantly different depending on the left and right of the moving direction of the magnet 4. For the movement of the magnet 4 in the right direction of the Z axis, the decrease due to the effect of the angle is small, and almost only the effect of the distance. As the magnet 4 moves in the left direction of the Z-axis, the gap magnetic field strength decreases rapidly due to the effect of the angle. When z further increases in the left direction, θ becomes 90 ° or more, the polarity of the magnetic field is reversed, and the absolute value of cos θ increases, but the decrease due to the distance effect is large, so the absolute value of the magnetic field strength increases. The reed switch 2 is not turned on.

  The present invention utilizes the above-described characteristics. If the push button switch is turned on at the position of the magnet 4 in the anti-tilt direction and the push button switch is turned off at the position of the magnet 4 in the tilt direction, the moving distance of the magnet 4 In addition, the ON region and the OFF region of the reed switch 2 accompanying the movement of the magnet 4 are not narrowed, and the ON / OFF operation can be ensured.

1 Casing 2 Reed switch 3 Push button 4 Magnet M Magnetic pole axis α Inclination angle

Claims (1)

The reed switch is turned on and off by moving the magnet in a direction perpendicular to the electrode axis with respect to the reed switch . The magnet has a magnetic pole axis on the opposite surface, and the magnetic pole axis is the lead axis. It is on the Z-axis-Y-axis plane with respect to the orthogonal axis (Y-axis) orthogonal to the switch electrode axis and orthogonal to the moving direction axis (Z-axis) of the magnet, and tilted from the orthogonal axis (Y-axis) A push button switch with a reed switch control device,
A push button switch, characterized in that, as means for moving the magnet, a push button provided so as to be movable in and out with respect to the casing is provided.

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