JP5318014B2 - 3D display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display device capable of stereoscopic viewing with the naked eye.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, parallax barrier and lenticular 3D display devices are known as one of 3D display methods that do not require wearing special glasses and can be stereoscopically viewed with the naked eye. In the case of the parallax barrier method or the lenticular method, a stereoscopic parallax image (right eye image and left eye image) is spatially divided and displayed on a two-dimensional display panel, and the parallax image is horizontally displayed by a parallax separation unit. Stereoscopic viewing is performed by performing parallax separation. In the case of the parallax barrier method, a parallax barrier provided with a slit-like opening is used as the parallax separation means. In the case of the lenticular method, a lenticular lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses are arranged in parallel is used as the parallax separation means. In any of these methods, a parallax image for stereoscopic viewing is displayed in a space-divided manner on the two-dimensional display panel, so that the resolution is reduced in principle.

  On the other hand, a time division method is known as being capable of stereoscopic viewing without lowering the resolution. In particular, a scan backlight method is known as a time division method capable of stereoscopic viewing with the naked eye. In the scan backlight method, for example, a transmissive liquid crystal panel is used as a two-dimensional display panel for displaying a stereoscopic parallax image, and a scan backlight is used as the backlight. The scan backlight has light sources such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) arranged on the left and right sides. In the scan backlight method, a parallax image for stereoscopic viewing is displayed in a time-division manner on a two-dimensional display panel, and the left and right light sources of the scan backlight are alternately turned on in synchronization with the time-division display. Assume that light is alternately deflected in the left-right direction. The backlight light is deflected to the left eye at the timing when the left-eye image is displayed, and is deflected to the right eye at the timing when the right-eye image is displayed. Stereoscopic viewing is possible. In the case of this scan backlight method, it is necessary to arrange light sources such as LEDs on both the left and right sides, and there is a problem that the size of the display device as a whole increases in the left-right direction. In addition, there is a problem that light use efficiency as a backlight is poor and power consumption is 3 to 4 times or more that of a normal backlight.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a device that enables stereoscopic viewing with the naked eye by a time division method by disposing a light directivity switching device using a liquid crystal panel and a lenticular lens as a backlight. . As the lenticular lens, a lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses are arranged in parallel is used. In the display device described in Patent Document 1, light from the light source of the backlight is alternately deflected in the left-right direction by a light directivity switching device that combines a liquid crystal panel and a lenticular lens.

JP-A-5-284542

  By the way, normally, in the case of a stationary display device, the display state (arrangement state) in the vertical and horizontal directions of the screen is always fixed. For example, in the case of a stationary display device having a horizontally long screen, it is always fixed in a horizontally long display state. However, recent mobile devices such as mobile phones have been developed that can switch the display state of the screen of the display unit between a vertically long state and a horizontally long state. Such switching between the vertical and horizontal display states can be realized, for example, by rotating the entire device or the display portion by 90 ° independently within a plane parallel to the display surface and rotating the display image by 90 °.

  Here, it is considered to perform stereoscopic display in two states as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, for example, in such a device that can be switched between vertical and horizontal. 10A and 10B, X and Y indicate absolute coordinate axes on the arrangement space of the display device, and X1 and Y1 are coordinate axes in a plane parallel to the display surface of the two-dimensional display panel. Indicates. In FIG. 10B, stereoscopic display is performed in a state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by 90 ° clockwise in a plane parallel to the display surface with respect to the first arrangement state in FIG. An example is schematically shown.

  In the case of the above-described parallax barrier method or lenticular method, the parallax barrier or lenticular lens that is parallax separation means is usually fixed to the display surface of the two-dimensional display panel. For this reason, stereoscopic display can be normally performed only in the arrangement state of either one of FIGS. 10 (A) and 10 (B). For example, in the lenticular method, when the lenticular lens is arranged so that normal three-dimensional display can be performed in the arrangement state of FIG. 10A, in the arrangement state of FIG. Since the lens does not have a refractive power, stereoscopic viewing cannot be performed normally. Similarly, in the parallax barrier method, when the entire apparatus is rotated, the direction of the slits of the parallax barrier changes, and the light beam cannot be separated in the left-right direction, and stereoscopic viewing cannot be performed. On the other hand, for example, a method in which the parallax barrier is a variable barrier using a liquid crystal switching element and the direction of the slit is rotated according to the arrangement state of the apparatus can be considered. However, in this method, when the direction of the slit is switched, the relative positional relationship between the slit and each color pixel on the two-dimensional display panel that displays the parallax image changes, and color misregistration occurs. is there.

  On the other hand, in the case of the scan backlight method, since the light source is fixed in the left-right direction, stereoscopic display can be normally performed only in one of the arrangement states of FIGS. In the display device described in Patent Document 1, since the lenticular lens used in the light directivity switching device is a cylindrical lens, for example, the lenticular lens is used so that stereoscopic display can be normally performed in the arrangement state of 10 (A). When arranged, in the arrangement state of FIG. 10B, light can be deflected in the vertical direction, but light cannot be deflected in the left-right direction, so that stereoscopic viewing cannot be performed normally.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic display device capable of performing excellent stereoscopic display in a plurality of arrangement states without reducing resolution. .

  A stereoscopic display device according to the present invention includes a display unit that displays a left-eye image and a right-eye image for stereoscopic viewing in a time-division manner, a backlight that emits light for image display toward the display unit, and a backlight. A light beam direction control element that is arranged between the display unit and alternately deflects the traveling direction of light from the backlight in two different directions so as to enable stereoscopic viewing in synchronization with time-division display on the display unit It is equipped with. Then, the display unit selects two arrangement states: a first arrangement state and a second arrangement state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by a predetermined angle within a plane parallel to the display surface with respect to the first arrangement state. So that the image display can be switched and the light beam direction control element enables stereoscopic viewing regardless of whether the display unit is in the first arrangement state or the second arrangement state. The traveling direction of light from the backlight is deflected in a direction according to the arrangement state of the display unit.

  In the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention, the display unit arbitrarily switches the arrangement direction between the first arrangement state and the second arrangement state, and parallax images for stereoscopic viewing (left eye image and right eye image). The time-sharing display is performed. In the light direction control element, in synchronization with time-division display on the display unit, the traveling direction of light from the backlight is alternately deflected in two different directions so as to enable stereoscopic viewing. The light beam direction control element controls the traveling direction of light from the backlight so that stereoscopic viewing is possible regardless of whether the display unit is in the first arrangement state or the second arrangement state. It is deflected in the direction according to the arrangement state.

  According to the stereoscopic display device of the present invention, the light direction control element deflects the traveling direction of the light from the backlight in the direction according to the arrangement state of the display unit. The stereoscopic display can be performed satisfactorily in the arrangement state.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing which shows typically the state which carries out deflection | deviation control of the light ray direction of a backlight to the left eye side in the three-dimensional display apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight is controlled to be deflected to the right eye side in the stereoscopic display device illustrated in FIG. 1. It is a top view which shows an example of the specific dimension of the light beam direction control element shown in FIG. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which carries out deflection | deviation control of the light beam direction of a backlight to the left side in the light beam direction control element shown in FIG. (B) is an explanatory view schematically showing a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight is controlled to be deflected to the right in the light beam direction control element shown in FIG. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which carries out deflection | deviation control of the light beam direction of a backlight in the light beam direction control element shown in FIG. (B) is an explanatory view schematically showing a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight is controlled to be deflected upward in the light beam direction control element shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control circuit of the stereoscopic display device illustrated in FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically an example of the display order of a parallax image display on either side. (A) is a timing chart showing an example of data writing timing to the display unit. (B) is a timing chart showing an example of the liquid crystal response timing on the display unit side. (C) is a timing chart showing an example of liquid crystal response timing on the backlight side (light beam direction control element). (D) is a timing chart showing an example of the light source lighting timing in the backlight. It is a perspective view which shows the other structural example of the micro lens in a light beam direction control element. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows typically the image display in a 1st arrangement state, (B) is the image display in the 2nd arrangement state rotated 90 degrees with respect to the 1st arrangement state. It is explanatory drawing shown typically.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Overall configuration of stereoscopic display device]
FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This stereoscopic display device includes a display unit 4 for time-division display of parallax images for stereoscopic viewing (left-eye image and right-eye image), and a backlight 2 that emits image display light toward the display unit 4. And a light beam direction control element 1 disposed between the backlight 2 and the display unit 4.

  The light direction control element 1, the backlight 2, and the display unit 4 are integrated as a whole. Therefore, changing the arrangement state of the display unit 4 means changing the arrangement state of the entire apparatus. In this stereoscopic display device, when the display unit 4 (the entire device) is in the first arrangement state, the second arrangement is rotated by a predetermined angle in a plane parallel to the display surface with respect to the first arrangement state. It is configured so that stereoscopic viewing is possible without a sense of incongruity in both of the two arrangement states of when in a state.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the second arrangement state is a state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by 90 ° as a predetermined angle in a plane parallel to the display surface of the display unit 4 with respect to the first arrangement state. A case will be described as an example. That is, for example, a stereoscopic display in the first arrangement state as shown in FIG. 10A and a second arrangement rotated 90 ° clockwise as a predetermined angle as shown in FIG. 10B. An example of performing stereoscopic display in a state will be described. As described above, in FIGS. 10A and 10B, X and Y indicate absolute coordinate axes in the arrangement space of the apparatus, and X1 and Y1 indicate the display on the two-dimensional display panel (display unit 4). A coordinate axis in a plane parallel to the plane is shown.

  The display unit 4 is a transmissive liquid crystal display, and performs two-dimensional image display by modulating light from the backlight 2 for each pixel in accordance with image data. The display unit 4 can display an image by selectively switching between two arrangement states of a first arrangement state and a second arrangement state. The display unit 4 includes, in order from the backlight 2 side, a first polarizing plate 41, a liquid crystal panel 40, and a second polarizing plate 41 having polarization axes that are orthogonal to the polarization axes of the first polarizing plate 41. And. The liquid crystal panel 40 includes a first transparent substrate 40A, a second transparent substrate 40B, and a pixel unit 43 disposed between these transparent substrates. The pixel unit 43 includes a red pixel 43R, a green pixel 43G, and a blue pixel 43B corresponding to color display. The liquid crystal panel 40 preferably uses a TN (Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal or an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) liquid crystal in order to display a parallax image at high speed, for example, at a period of 120 Hz.

  The backlight 2 includes a light source 21, a reflective film 22, a light guide plate 23, and an optical film 24. The light source 21 is composed of a plurality of LEDs, for example. The light source 21 is disposed on one side surface of the light guide plate 23. The reflection film 22 is provided on the bottom surface side of the light guide plate 23, and reflects light emitted from the light source 21 inside the light guide plate 23 and guides it upward.

  The optical film 24 is disposed between the upper surface of the light guide plate 23 and the light direction control element 1. As the optical film 24, for example, a brightness increasing film having a function of increasing the brightness of light incident on the liquid crystal display device is disposed. As such a brightness enhancement film, for example, DBEF manufactured by 3M (Sumitomo 3M) can be used. By using such a brightness enhancement film, among the polarization components of the light emitted from the light source 21, the light polarized in the same direction as the polarization direction of the first polarizing plate 31 in the light beam direction control element 1 described later is increased. Can be made.

  The backlight 2 is controlled to be turned on / off in synchronization with time-division display on the display unit 4. In the backlight 2, as shown in FIG. 8D to be described later, the switching control from the light shielding state to the transmission state is performed in the switching element (the liquid crystal panel 30 of the light beam direction control element 1). Control is performed so as to be delayed for a predetermined period from the timing to perform.

[Configuration and Deflection Operation of Light Direction Control Element 1]
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the light beam direction control element 1 can stereoscopically view the traveling direction of light from the backlight in synchronization with time-division display on the display unit 4. Are alternately deflected in two different directions. 2A schematically shows a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight is controlled to be deflected to the left eye side in the stereoscopic display device shown in FIG. FIG. 2B schematically shows a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight is controlled to be deflected to the right eye side in the stereoscopic display device shown in FIG.

  The light direction control element 1 switches the light from the backlight 2 between a light-blocking state and a light-transmitting state in the vicinity of the focal plane of the microlens 5 and a microlens array composed of a plurality of microlenses 5 arranged in a matrix. Switching elements to be controlled. The switching element is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal switching element. As shown in FIG. 1, the first polarizing plate 31, the liquid crystal panel 30, and the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 31 are sequentially arranged from the backlight 2 side. And a second polarizing plate 32 having polarization axes orthogonal to each other. The liquid crystal panel 30 includes a first transparent substrate 30A, a second transparent substrate 30B, and a pixel portion 33 disposed between these transparent substrates. The liquid crystal panel 30 is a simple matrix type panel, for example. The pixel unit 33 has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between stripe pixel electrodes from above and below. The stripe-shaped pixel electrode is made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) and has an electrode structure in which the upper side and the lower side cross each other, and matrix-like switching control is possible. The pixel unit 33 is located near the focal plane of the microlens 5.

  The light beam direction control element 1 determines the traveling direction of light from the backlight 2 so that stereoscopic display is possible regardless of whether the display unit 4 is in the first arrangement state or the second arrangement state. The display unit 4 is deflected in a direction corresponding to the arrangement state of the display unit 4. The light direction control element 1 is also capable of controlling light for each of two divided regions that are divided around the focal position of each microlens 5 in a region corresponding to each of the plurality of microlenses 5. The two divided areas are controlled alternately in a light shielding state and a transmission state in synchronization with the time division display on the display unit 4. In addition, the division pattern of the two divided regions is changed according to the arrangement state of the display unit 4.

  4A and 4B show division patterns and switching control states that are applied when the arrangement state of the display unit 4 is changed to the first arrangement state. In particular, FIG. 4A schematically shows a state where the light beam direction of the backlight 2 is controlled to be deflected to the left side in the light beam direction control element 1, and FIG. The state is shown schematically. In the first arrangement state, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, divided regions 33R and 33L divided in the left-right direction (X1 direction in the drawing) are set. In addition, the focus position of the microlens 5 is arranged at the center position of the boundary between the divided regions 33R and 33L. 4A and 4B, only the portion corresponding to one microlens 5 is shown. As the entire screen, the divided areas 33R and 33L extend in a stripe shape in the Y1 direction of the drawing.

  In the switching state of FIG. 4A, the left divided region 33R is in a light shielding state, and the right divided region 33L is in a transmissive state. In this case, the light transmitted through the right divided region 33 </ b> L is deflected leftward through the microlens 5. In the switching state of FIG. 4B, the right divided region 33L is in a light shielding state and the left divided region 33R is in a transmissive state. In this case, the light transmitted through the left divided region 33 </ b> R is deflected rightward through the microlens 5. Therefore, the display unit 4 is switched to the switching state of FIG. 4A in synchronization with the timing at which the left-eye image is displayed, and is synchronized with the timing at which the right-eye image is displayed in FIG. ) In the switching state, stereoscopic viewing in the first arrangement state is possible.

  5A and 5B show division patterns and switching control states that are applied when the arrangement state of the display unit 4 is changed to the second arrangement state. 5A schematically shows a state in which the light beam direction of the backlight 2 is controlled to be deflected downward in the light beam direction control element 1, and FIG. 5B is a deflection control in which the light beam direction is deflected upward. The state which is carrying out is shown typically. In the second arrangement state, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, divided areas 33U and 33D divided in the vertical direction (Y1 direction in the figure) are set. In addition, the focal position of the microlens 5 is arranged at the center position of the boundary between the divided regions 33U and 33D. 5A and 5B show only a portion corresponding to one microlens 5. As the entire screen, the divided regions 33U and 33D extend in a stripe shape in the X1 direction of the drawing.

In the switching state of FIG. 5A, the lower divided region 33U is in a light shielding state, and the upper divided region 33D is in a transmissive state. In this case, the light transmitted through the upper divided region 33D is deflected “downward” (the −Y1 direction in the drawing) through the microlens 5. In the switching state of FIG. 5B, the upper divided region 33D is in a light shielding state, and the lower divided region 33U is in a transmissive state. In this case, the light transmitted through the lower divided region 33U is deflected “upward” (Y1 direction in the drawing) through the microlens 5.
Here, in the second arrangement state, the arrangement direction of the light beam direction control element 1 is actually 90 degrees clockwise from the arrangement state shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, for example, clockwise. ° Rotated. In this case, when viewed from the observer, the “downward direction” described above corresponds to the “leftward direction”, and the “upward direction” corresponds to the “rightward direction”. Therefore, the display unit 4 is switched to the switching state of FIG. 5A in synchronization with the timing of displaying the left-eye image, and is synchronized with the timing of displaying the right-eye image in FIG. ), The stereoscopic view in the second arrangement state is possible.

[Specific Configuration Example of Light Direction Control Element 1]
FIG. 3 shows an example of specific dimensions of the light beam direction control element 1. In FIG. 3, n0 is the refractive index of the air layer (1.0), n1 is the refractive index of the first transparent substrate 30A and the second transparent substrate 30B (1.49), and n2 is the refractive index of the microlens 5 ( 1.59). The microlens 5 is made of, for example, a UV curable acrylic resin. The second transparent substrate 30B is made of a glass material and has a thickness of approximately 200 μm. The microlens 5 is a hemispherical spherical lens having a lens radius R of 108.19 μm and a lens size of 153 μm. In the configuration example of FIG. 3, a plurality of microlenses 5 are formed and arranged in a matrix on the second transparent substrate 30 </ b> B of the liquid crystal panel 30 via the adhesive layer 35. The first polarizing plate 31 is laminated on the lower side of the first transparent substrate 30 </ b> A of the liquid crystal panel 30 via the adhesive layer 34.

  With such a configuration, the focal plane of the microlens 5 approximately matches the pixel unit 33. The striped pixel electrode constituting the pixel unit 33 has a width of 72 μm, for example. In the pixel portion 33, a plurality of striped pixel electrodes are arranged in parallel on the upper side, for example, at intervals of 9 μm in the X direction. In the pixel portion 33, a plurality of similar striped pixel electrodes are arranged in parallel at intervals of 9 μm in the Y direction, for example, on the lower side of the liquid crystal layer. Within the region corresponding to each of the plurality of microlenses 5, the focal position (focal center) of each microlens 5 is positioned between adjacent stripe-shaped pixel electrodes.

[Control circuit and control operation of stereoscopic display device]
FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of a control circuit of the stereoscopic display device shown in FIG. This stereoscopic display device includes an image processing unit 61 and a drive control unit 62 as control circuits. The image processing unit 61 generates and outputs time-division 3D image data including a left-eye image and a right-eye image for stereoscopic viewing. The drive control unit 62 performs synchronous control of the display unit 4, the light beam direction control element 1, and the backlight 2 based on the input time-division 3D image data.

  8A to 8D show an example of synchronous control by the drive control unit 62. FIG. 8A to 8D show an example in which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are alternately displayed in a time-sharing manner at a cycle of 120 Hz as shown in FIG. FIG. 8A shows an example of data write timing to the display unit 4. Note that FIG. 8A shows that data is sequentially written from the upper line to the lower line of the screen. FIG. 8B shows an example of the liquid crystal response timing on the display unit 4 side (response timing of the liquid crystal panel 40 in FIG. 1). FIG. 8C shows an example of the liquid crystal response timing (response timing of the liquid crystal panel 30 in FIG. 1) on the backlight 2 side (ray direction control element 1). 8B and 8C show the liquid crystal response timing in an arbitrary line. FIG. 8D shows an example of the lighting timing of the light source 21 in the backlight 2.

  In general, in a liquid crystal display device, there is a time lag between data writing and actual liquid crystal response. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8B, there is a delay in the liquid crystal response timing on the display unit 4 side. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8C, the liquid crystal response timing in the light direction control element 1 is also delayed. The drive control unit 62 turns on the light source 21 of the backlight 2 when the liquid crystal response between the display unit 4 and the light beam direction control element 1 is sufficient. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent so-called crosstalk, in which the left-eye image and the right-eye image are recognized as mixed.

  When the liquid crystal response speed between the liquid crystal panel 30 on the light beam direction control element 1 side and the liquid crystal panel 40 on the display unit 4 side is very high enough not to cause the problem of crosstalk, the backlight 2 side It is also possible to always turn on the light without performing on / off control of the light on.

[Effect of 3D display device]
As described above, according to the stereoscopic display device according to the present embodiment, the light direction control element 1 deflects the traveling direction of the light from the backlight 2 in the direction according to the arrangement state of the display unit 4. Therefore, it is possible to perform stereoscopic display satisfactorily in a plurality of arrangement states without reducing the resolution.

  Conventionally, for example, by using a variable barrier method using a liquid crystal switching element in a parallax barrier method, stereoscopic viewing in a plurality of arrangement states is possible. However, in that case, precise positioning is required between the variable barrier and the two-dimensional display panel, which increases the manufacturing cost. On the other hand, according to the stereoscopic display device according to the present embodiment, the accuracy of alignment between the microlens 5 of the light beam direction control element 1 and the liquid crystal panel 30 is higher than that of the parallax barrier method. Not required. Further, it can be manufactured by a simple method in which the microlens 5 is attached to the liquid crystal panel 30 as a film-like sheet. For this reason, manufacturing cost can be held down.

  Further, in the conventional scan backlight system, the efficiency ratio is reduced by about 1/3 to 1/4 compared with a normal backlight. On the other hand, according to the stereoscopic display device according to the present embodiment, the light use efficiency can be made higher than that of the conventional scan backlight method. In the stereoscopic display device according to the present embodiment, the efficiency is determined by the aperture ratio of the light beam direction control element 1 in the liquid crystal panel 30, so that the efficiency ratio can be reduced by about ½ compared to a normal backlight. .

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, the shape of the microlens 5 is not limited to a hemispherical shape (the cross-sectional shape is an arc shape), and various shapes can be considered according to the pixel shape (the shape of the divided region) of the pixel portion 33 of the liquid crystal panel 30 as a switching element. It is done. For example, if the pixel shape corresponding to one microlens 5 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the microlens 5 may be elliptical. The shape of the bottom surface of the lens is not limited to a circle, and may be a shape corresponding to the pixel shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a micro lens 5A having a square bottom surface may be used. FIG. 9 shows an example where the pixel shape is a square shape.

  Further, for example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by 90 ° with respect to the first arrangement state is set as the second arrangement state, and the display state is switched between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction has been described. The second arrangement state is not limited to this. For example, the second arrangement state may be a state inclined in an oblique direction with respect to the first arrangement state. That is, for example, a state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by 45 ° with respect to the first arrangement state may be set as the second arrangement state. In this case, the light shielding / transmission pattern of the liquid crystal shutter in the light beam direction control element 1 may be set accordingly. As a result, stereoscopic display in a state inclined in the vertical direction and the oblique direction is possible.

  In the above embodiment, the case where only the stereoscopic display is performed has been described. However, the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention can also perform normal two-dimensional display. In this case, display based on normal two-dimensional image data is performed on the display unit 4, and the pixel unit 33 of the liquid crystal panel 30 may be in a transmissive state in the light beam direction control element 1. According to the stereoscopic display device according to the present invention, when performing two-dimensional display, the light direction control element 1 totally transmits the light from the backlight 2, so that in principle, as in the case of performing stereoscopic display. There is no reduction in efficiency.

  X, Y, Z: Absolute coordinate axes in the arrangement space, X1, Y1: Coordinate axes in a plane parallel to the display surface, 1 ... Light direction control element, 2 ... Back light, 4 ... Display unit, 5, 5A ... Micro Lens, 21 ... Light source, 22 ... Reflective film, 23 ... Light guide plate, 24 ... Optical film, 30 ... Liquid crystal panel (switching element), 30A ... First transparent substrate, 30B ... Second transparent substrate, 31 ... First 32 ... second polarizing plate, 33 ... pixel portion, 34, 35 ... adhesive layer, 33R, 33L, 33U, 33D ... divided region, 40 ... liquid crystal panel, 40A ... first transparent substrate, 40B ... 2nd transparent substrate, 41 ... 1st polarizing plate, 42 ... 2nd polarizing plate, 43 ... Pixel part, 43R ... Red pixel, 43G ... Green pixel, 43B ... Blue pixel, 61 ... Image processing part, 62 ... Drive control unit.

Claims (8)

A display unit for time-division display of a left-eye image and a right-eye image for stereoscopic viewing;
A backlight that emits light for image display toward the display unit;
Arranged between the backlight and the display unit, and in synchronism with the time-division display on the display unit, the traveling direction of light from the backlight alternates in two different directions so as to enable stereoscopic viewing. A beam direction control element for deflecting the
The display unit selects two arrangement states: a first arrangement state and a second arrangement state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by a predetermined angle in a plane parallel to the display surface with respect to the first arrangement state. Images can be displayed by switching automatically,
The light beam direction control element travels light from the backlight so that stereoscopic display is possible regardless of whether the display unit is in the first arrangement state or the second arrangement state. A stereoscopic display device that deflects a direction in a direction according to an arrangement state of the display unit. The light beam direction control element is:
A plurality of microlenses arranged in a matrix on a plane;
A switching element that controls switching of light from the backlight between a light shielding state and a transmission state at a focal plane of the microlens;
The switching element is
Light can be controlled for each of the two divided areas divided around the focal position of each of the microlenses within the area corresponding to each of the plurality of microlenses, and the two divided areas are displayed on the display unit. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the light-blocking state and the light-transmitting state are alternately controlled in synchronization with the time-division display, and the division pattern of the two divided regions is changed according to the arrangement state of the display unit. 3D display device. The switching element is
The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein the division pattern is changed by the predetermined angle between the first arrangement state and the second arrangement state. The backlight is configured to perform on / off control of the lighting state in synchronization with time-division display on the display unit, and switching control from the light shielding state to the transmission state at the switching element is performed. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein control for delaying a predetermined period from the timing to perform is performed. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein the switching element is a liquid crystal switching element including a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing plate in order from the backlight side. Further comprising a brightness enhancement film between the backlight and the liquid crystal switching element,
6. The brightness enhancement film increases light polarized in the same direction as the polarization direction of the first polarizing plate of the liquid crystal switching element among the polarization components of light emitted from the backlight. The stereoscopic display device described in 1. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein the microlens has a hemispherical shape and a bottom surface of the lens has a quadrangular shape. The second arrangement state is a state in which the arrangement direction is rotated by 90 ° as the predetermined angle in a plane parallel to the display surface of the display unit with respect to the first arrangement state. The three-dimensional display apparatus of any one of Claims.

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