JP5336342B2 - Speaker device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a speaker apparatus wherein vibrations of a baffle plate are reduced as much as possible to allow the baffle plate to sufficiently fulfill an essential function of separating vibration sounds in the front and the rear of a diaphragm. <P>SOLUTION: The speaker apparatus (1) includes: a speaker unit (3) including a diaphragm (11) having a peripheral edge, a frame (13) supporting the peripheral edge of the diaphragm, and a magnetic circuit unit (15) for converting a sound signal to mechanical vibrations of the diaphragm; a speaker unit support member (5) which has one end fixed to the magnetic circuit unit and has the other end installed on the ground plane; a baffle member (7) which separates vibration sounds in the front and the rear of the diaphragm; and a baffle support member (9) for supporting the baffle member. The baffle member is made of a vibration absorbing material. Since the baffle member absorbs vibrations of the diaphragm, the front and the rear of the diaphragm are acoustically separated surely. Thus, an adverse affect on sound quality is effectively prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a speaker device capable of reproducing sound with good sound quality.

  In a speaker device including a speaker unit and a cabinet (speaker box, enclosure), there is an idea that cabinet vibration (box sound) accompanying the vibration of the speaker unit deteriorates sound quality, and this is the conventional dominant idea. For this reason, the conventional cabinet was comprised with the solid wooden veneer, the plywood, etc. Although it was firmly constructed to prevent the cabinet from vibrating, its effect was not sufficient. On the other hand, the cabinet shown in Patent Document 1 is configured such that the baffle plate for fixing the speaker is made of a wood plate having a thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 9.0 mm, and vibrates in the same manner as the surface plate of an acoustic guitar, It is configured to actively use the vibration action. In addition to wooden boards, paper, cloth, leather, plastics, etc. can be used as the material for the baffle boards.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-84594

  However, the speaker device including the baffle plate as described above is not widespread as far as the inventors know. Since a vibration always has a specific resonance frequency, a specific resonance sound caused by the resonance frequency is generated. For this reason, the speaker device based on the vibration of the baffle plate is not necessarily suitable for reproducing sound of any frequency. In the first place, the baffle plate is used to separate the vibration sound from the front and back of the diaphragm of the speaker unit. The vibration sound is separated because the air density is reversed between the front and rear surfaces of the diaphragm, so mixing them will cancel the sound around the diaphragm and weaken the sound output, adversely affecting the sound quality. This is to prevent these. Therefore, it is ideal that the baffle plate itself does not vibrate. However, since it is impossible not to vibrate the baffle plate as ideally, it was required to create a state as close to ideal as possible. The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the baffle plate can sufficiently perform the original function of the baffle plate by separating the vibration sound of the front side and the back side of the diaphragm by reducing the vibration of the baffle plate as much as possible. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor has changed the conventional idea about the baffle plate in the reverse direction. In other words, the baffle plate is not forced to suppress vibration by a strong structure, and is not actively vibrated, but by absorbing the vibration itself, the baffle plate tries to perform its original function. did. The details will be explained anew in the section. It should be noted that the definitions of terms used to describe the invention described in any claim are applicable to the invention described in other claims as long as possible in nature.

(Characteristics of the invention of claim 1)
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker device (hereinafter referred to as “speaker device of the first aspect”) having a diaphragm having a peripheral edge, a frame for supporting the peripheral edge of the diaphragm, and an audio signal for the machine of the diaphragm. A speaker unit comprising: a magnetic circuit unit for converting to a mechanical vibration; a speaker unit support member having one end fixed to the magnetic circuit unit and the other end installed on a ground plane; and vibration sounds on the front and back of the diaphragm And a baffle support member that supports the baffle member. Here, the baffle member is made of a vibration absorbing material.

  According to the speaker device of the first aspect, the audio signal input to the magnetic circuit unit is converted into mechanical vibration called vibration of the diaphragm. The vibration of the diaphragm vibrates the air on the front surface and the back surface of the diaphragm, and the baffle member separates them so that both cancel each other so that the sound output is not weakened. On the other hand, the baffle member absorbs the vibration (sound) of the diaphragm and prevents the adverse effects caused by itself as much as possible. That is, if the baffle member does not absorb vibration, or if it is extremely small even if absorbed, the baffle plate itself vibrates the air on the front surface and the back surface in the same manner as the vibration plate. Here, since the vibration of the diaphragm is absorbed so that it does not vibrate itself, the front and back surfaces of the diaphragm (baffle plate) can be separated acoustically firmly, and thereby the sound output is reduced. It can effectively prevent weakening or adversely affecting sound quality.

(Characteristics of the invention described in claim 2)
The speaker device according to the invention of claim 2 (hereinafter referred to as “speaker device of claim 2”) is the speaker device of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing material is a liquid material (for example, water or oil). It is constituted by a gel-like material or a granular material. A granular material means a powdered material, a granular material, and a mixed material of a powdered material and a granular material, and as such, for example, sand, stone powder, calcium carbonate, silica powder, talc powder, diatomaceous earth, There are zeolites.

  According to the speaker device of claim 2, in the speaker device of claim 1, the vibration of the diaphragm can be effectively absorbed by configuring the vibration absorbing material with the material.

(Characteristics of Claim 3)
The speaker device according to the invention described in claim 3 (hereinafter referred to as “speaker device of claim 3”) is the speaker device of claim 1, and is a mixture of liquid and powder such as clay (for example, oil clay). ), Natural or synthetic soft rubber or soft synthetic resin (for example, low hardness and low resilience polyurethane resin, low hardness resin containing powder, low hardness resin containing powder and plasticizer).

  According to the speaker device of claim 3, in the speaker device of claim 1, the vibration of the diaphragm can be effectively absorbed by configuring the vibration absorbing material with the material.

(Feature of the invention of claim 4)
A speaker device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the speaker device of the fourth aspect”) is the speaker device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the support member sandwiches the vibration absorbing material. Alternatively, one or two or more of the surrounding fabric, nonwoven fabric, synthetic resin film, and paper are included. The clamping or surrounding is appropriately selected depending on the form of the vibration absorbing member. For example, in the case of a liquid material, a gel-like material, and a granular material, it is necessary to surround it in order to prevent leakage. However, for example, in the case of a soft synthetic resin, it may be sufficient to hold it.

  According to the speaker device of the fourth aspect, in the speaker device of any one of the first to third aspects, the vibration of the diaphragm can be effectively absorbed by configuring the support member with the material.

(Feature of the invention of claim 5)
The speaker device according to the invention of claim 5 (hereinafter referred to as “speaker device of claim 5”) is the speaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the front surface of the speaker unit faces upward. The speaker unit support member is configured, and the baffle member is suspended from the periphery of the frame in a skirt shape.

According to the speaker device of claim 5, in the speaker device of any one of claims 1 to 5,
If it is formed in a skirt shape, it gives the viewer a soft feel and expands the range of use as an interior.

  According to the present invention, the baffle member absorbs the vibration of the diaphragm, so that the vibration of the baffle member is reduced. Fulfill. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the sound output from the speaker device from weakening or adversely affecting the sound quality.

It is a perspective view of a speaker apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a speaker apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the speaker apparatus concerning the modification 1 of this embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the speaker apparatus which concerns on the modification 2 of this embodiment. It is a perspective view of the speaker apparatus which concerns on the modification 4 of this embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows a network. (A) It is a graph which shows the frequency characteristic of the speaker apparatus which concerns on the modification 1 of this embodiment, (b) The frequency characteristic of a comparison apparatus. (A) It is a graph which shows the distortion characteristic of the speaker apparatus which concerns on the modification 1 of this embodiment, (b) The distortion characteristic of a comparison apparatus.

(Schematic structure of speaker device)
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “present embodiment”) will be described with reference to the drawings. The speaker device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is schematically configured from a speaker unit 3, a speaker unit support member 5, a baffle member 7, and a baffle support member 9. The speaker unit 3 includes a diaphragm 11 having a peripheral edge 11a, a frame 13 that supports the diaphragm peripheral edge 11a, and a magnetic circuit unit 15 that converts an audio signal into mechanical vibration of the diaphragm.

(Structure of speaker unit support member)
The speaker unit support member 5 includes a base portion 21 that is placed on the ground surface, a main column 23 that rises from the center of the upper surface of the base portion 21, and a plurality of sub-pillars 25 that rise from the periphery of the base portion 21. It is composed of. The shape of the base portion 21 is not limited at all. However, since the baffle member 7 is formed in a skirt shape as will be described later, the base portion 21 is configured in a circular shape in plan view in the present embodiment. The main pillar 23 is fixed to the magnetic circuit unit 15 of the speaker unit 3 with one end thereof (upper end in the present embodiment) facing upward. As a result, the front surface (diaphragm 11) of the speaker unit 3 faces upward. The other end (lower end) of the main pillar 23 is installed on the ground surface via the base portion 21. The sub pillars 25 are arranged at equal intervals on the periphery of the base part 21, and the height from the base part 21 is set lower than that of the main pillar 23. The auxiliary pillar 25 plays the role of receiving the baffle member 7 from the inside thereof and maintaining the skirt shape. An upper end of the baffle member 7 (a waist portion 35 of a baffle support member 9 described later) is fixed to the peripheral edge 11 a of the frame 13. In that sense, each sub pillar 25 and the frame 13 constitute a part of the baffle support member 9. Although the number of sub-pillars 25 in this embodiment is six, it may be increased or decreased as appropriate. If unnecessary, the sub pillar 25 can be omitted. The speaker unit support member 5 is entirely made of wood, but is not limited thereto. For example, it may be made of metal or synthetic resin. For example, only the base portion 21 may be formed of an iron plate, and the materials between the members may be different so that the other members are made of wood.

(Baffle member structure)
The baffle member 7 uses a vibration absorbing material as a main material and is configured in a skirt shape with the speaker unit 3 as the center. The vibration absorbing material refers to a member that converts received vibration into heat energy inside and has little influence on the outside, that is, a member having a large internal loss. In this embodiment, clay is used for the vibration absorbing material. However, other materials such as liquid materials such as water and oil, gel materials, and powdery materials such as sand may be used. it can. In addition to these, soft natural rubber or synthetic rubber, soft vinyl chloride, low-hardness and low-resilience polyurethane resin, low-hardness resin containing powder, low-hardness resin containing powder and plasticizer, etc. are also used as vibration absorbers. Is preferred. The baffle member 7 is attached to the speaker unit by a baffle support member 9 described below, and its shape is maintained. The baffle member 7 having a large internal loss absorbs vibration energy and acoustically firmly separates the front surface and the back surface of the diaphragm 11 (baffle member 7). That is, the baffle function is fully exhibited. In order to keep the baffle member in the skirt shape, the baffle support member 9 described below is used.

(Baffle support member structure)
As described above, the baffle member 7 of this embodiment is made of clay. There are various types of clay, but here we used oil for work that is frequently used in schools. Since oil clay itself is generally indefinite and cannot be directly attached to the speaker unit 3, the baffle support member 9 has a role of keeping the baffle member 7 in a skirt shape and attaches it to the speaker unit 3. I played a role. The material used was a strong cloth. That is, the outer skirt portion 31 and the inner skirt portion 33 slightly smaller than the outer skirt portion 31 are made by sewing or bonding a cloth, and the inner skirt portion 33 is put in the outer skirt portion 31, and the top portions thereof are connected to each other. A portion (waist portion 35) that is sewn (adhered) is formed, and a bottom portion 37 is formed by sewing (adhering) the bottom portions to each other. The inner diameter of the waist portion 35 is smaller than the outer diameter of the frame 13 included in the speaker unit 3 (the overlapping portion is an allowance). By this operation, a space S is formed between the outer skirt portion 31 and the inner skirt portion 33 due to a dimensional difference therebetween. If this space is filled with clay (baffle member 7) before forming the waist part 35, the filled baffle member 7 is sandwiched (enclosed) by the outer skirt part 31 and the inner skirt part 33, The skirt shape is maintained as a whole. If the waist part 35 is fixed to the frame 13 of the speaker unit 3 as described above (for example, screwing or bonding), a skirt shape extending from the frame 13 surrounded by the waist part 35 is formed. You may make it attach the waist part 35 to the flame | frame 13 indirectly via an attachment member (not shown). The baffle member 7 made of clay exerts a force in the direction of deflation (center direction) due to its weight, but is supported by the upper ends of the sub-columns 25,. In addition, if the oil clay is easy to dry due to the properties of the cloth constituting the baffle support member 9 and the properties of the oil clay itself, a synthetic resin film for preventing drying may be disposed on the inside or outside of the cloth. .

(Modification 1 of this embodiment)
The speaker device 51 shown in FIG. 3 differs from the speaker device 1 shown in FIG. 2 only in the structure of the speaker support member and the baffle support member. Hereinafter, these points will be described. The speaker support member 53 includes a base portion 53a that is circular or rectangular in plan view, and a main column 53b that stands up from the center of the base portion 53a.

  The baffle member 7 according to the modified example 1 is made of oil clay as in the present embodiment. The baffle support member 55 includes an innermost skirt-like (or similar shape) inner member 55a and an outer member that hermetically covers the outer surface of the baffle member 7 attached to the outer surface of the inner member 55a. 55b, and a plurality (four in this case) of horizontal support columns 55d projecting in a radial direction (equal intervals in the circumferential direction) from the main column 53b. The inner member 55a is made of corrugated cardboard, but does not prevent it from being made of other materials. The outer member 55b was made of a synthetic resin film (for example, polyethylene). The outer member 55b mainly serves to prevent drying of the baffle member 7 that is oil clay. Instead of the synthetic resin film, a coating film having an anti-drying effect may be formed. If it is unnecessary because the oil clay itself does not dry, the outer member 55b may be omitted. The lower end of the baffle support member 55 (baffle member 7) is grounded to the upper surface of the base portion 53a. A space (a space S in the present embodiment) can be formed between the two, but here, the base 53a is made to bear a weight (functions as a part of the baffle support member 55) by being grounded. Instead of grounding, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to form notches H,... In the base of the baffle support member 55 (baffle member 7) by forming a plurality of notches H,. This is mainly to reduce the low sound from being trapped inside the baffle member 7. In the first modification, the horizontal support pillar 55d is provided, so that the auxiliary pillar provided in the present embodiment is omitted. A sub pillar (not shown) can be provided together, or only the sub pillar can be provided instead of the horizontal support pillar 53d.

(Modification 2 of this embodiment)
The speaker device 71 shown in FIG. 4 has the same basic structure as the speaker device 1 (for the common members, the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 2 are used in FIG. The explanation is omitted as far as possible). Then, a ring-shaped member 39 instead of the horizontal support column 55d provided in the speaker device 51 is attached to the main column 93 standing on the base portion 91 via the radial spoke members 41,. Was brought into contact with the baffle member 7 (inner skirt portion 33) and supported from the inside. The ring-shaped member 39 (spoke member 41) in this case constitutes the baffle support member 9 together with other members. Reference numeral 95 denotes a sub pillar.

(Modification 3 of this embodiment)
Although the speaker unit 3 of the present embodiment is upward, it may be turned sideways. Needless to say, the speaker unit support member 5 and the baffle support member 9 should be configured to be suitable for the horizontal direction in order to be in the horizontal direction.

(Modification 4 of this embodiment)
The speaker device 81 shown in FIG. 5 is installed on the base 111 as a whole, and is schematically configured from a woofer device 71 ′ that handles a woofer section related to middle and low sounds, and a tweeter device 85 that handles a tweeter section related to high sounds. It is. The woofer device 71 ′ has the same basic structure as the speaker device 71 according to the second modification shown in FIG. 4, and includes a woofer 87 instead of the speaker unit 3. The tweeter device 85 includes a dome-shaped tweeter 89 and a support column 83 that supports the tweeter 89. The support column 83 stands up from the upper surface of the blank portion of the base 111. The woofer 87 and the tweeter 89 are connected to a signal source (not shown) via the network 101 shown in FIG. In addition, you may employ | adopt the speaker apparatus which concerns on this embodiment or the modifications 1 and 3 instead of the woofer apparatus 71 '.

(Experimental result)
The experimental results will be described with reference to FIGS. The speaker unit used in the experiment was manufactured by Foster Electric Co., Ltd. (model name: FF-70EG 7 cm full range, hereinafter referred to as “test speaker”). Here, the test speaker is incorporated into a device (hereinafter referred to as “the present device”) in which the test speaker is incorporated in the speaker device 51 according to the first modification of the present embodiment, and an H300 × W230 × D300 rear open wooden cabinet. A comparative experiment was conducted with a device (hereinafter referred to as “comparator”). The contents of comparison were (1) frequency characteristic and (2) distortion characteristic.

Regarding the frequency characteristics, deep valleys of around 520 Hz, around 1 KHz, and around 3 KHz were found in the comparison device (FIG. 7B). Such a deep valley is not seen in this apparatus (FIG. 7 (a)). The above-mentioned deep valley belongs to a very important sound range in audio reproduction, and the presence or absence of such “missing” of the important sound range greatly affects the possibility of reproduction faithful to the original sound. Therefore, it was found that the present device without deep valleys is superior in frequency characteristics than the comparison device having them.

(Distortion characteristics)
The distortion rate of the present apparatus (FIG. 8A) is generally smaller than that of the comparison apparatus (FIG. 8B).

  From the above experiments, it has been found that by using a vibration absorbing material called oil clay as a baffle member, better reproduction characteristics can be obtained than with a wooden cabinet. Furthermore, from this, vibration absorbing materials other than oil clay, for example, liquid materials and gel materials such as water and oil described above, granular materials such as sand, soft natural rubber or synthetic rubber, soft vinyl chloride, It has been found that low hardness, low resilience polyurethane resin, low hardness resin containing powder, low hardness resin containing powder and plasticizer, etc. will also have good reproduction characteristics due to its vibration absorption effect. .

1, 51, 71, 81 Speaker device 3 Speaker unit 5 Speaker unit support member 7 Baffle member 9, 55 Baffle support member 11 Diaphragm 15 Magnetic circuit unit 21, 53a, 91 Base portion 23, 53b, 93 Main pillar 25 Sub pillar 39 ring-shaped member 41 spoke member 53 speaker support member 55d horizontal support column 71 'woofer device 83 support column 85 tweeter device 87 woofer 89 tweeter 101 network 111 base

Claims (1)

A speaker unit including a diaphragm having a periphery, a frame that supports the periphery of the diaphragm, and a magnetic circuit unit that converts an audio signal into mechanical vibration of the diaphragm, and one end fixed to the magnetic circuit unit In a speaker device comprising: a speaker unit support member having an end installed on a ground surface; a baffle member that separates vibration sounds on the front and back surfaces of the diaphragm; and a baffle member support member that supports the baffle member. The baffle member is a vibration absorber made of oil clay.