JP5354769B2 - Carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization furnace in which transport, assembly, installation, dismantling, and salvage are easy, which excels in fire resistance, durability, storing properties, and includes an external flue of a dismantling/assembly type, and by which anyone can make charcoal simply. <P>SOLUTION: In the carbonization furnace of this invention, a kiln body consists of a metallic thin plate which has fire resistance and durability, and a body is divided into two or more wall parts, such as a tectorium 1, a side wall 2, and a front wall 3. The carbonization furnace includes a flue 6 and a fire hole 8, and is a portable, dismantling, assembly type, and further includes a flue 9 of a dismantling/assembly type at the exterior of the body, which flue can be divided in a longitudinal direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention is easy to transport, assemble, install, disassemble, and remove, has fire resistance and durability, has excellent storage properties, can be easily made by anyone, and has an externally disassembled and assembled flue section. The present invention relates to a carbonization furnace having a Kaneki vinegar collecting device.

  The demand for charcoal is expanding its use such as water purification agents and humidity control agents in addition to fuel, but China, which accounted for more than 30% of the supply, took export ban measures from October 2004. There is a need to increase the supply of charcoal, and the government is working to increase the production of charcoal in the country.

  In addition, the importance of expanding the use of unused forest resources, such as forest environmental education and satoyama, is increasing in charcoal burning experiences at events and school education sites. In addition, the number of charcoal enthusiasts has increased at the individual level, including the general public and farmers, and there has been a movement in various parts of the country to solve an abandoned bamboo forest, which has become a problem nationwide, by charcoal burning. In addition, most of these charcoal firing is carried out by a simple drum-type carbonization furnace.

  On the other hand, in addition to the drum can type carbonization furnace, various portable and assembly type carbonization furnaces have been proposed. The following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 use plate-shaped objects for outer walls, etc., and are assembled into rectangular shapes, etc., but these are processing and building demolition of large numbers of large trees, big roots, etc. associated with land development sites etc. It is for carbonizing the waste materials etc. discharged from construction sites. Moreover, these are both large, and in Patent Document 1, a chain crane is required to open and close the top plate, and in Patent Document 2, a truck and a trailer are required for transportation. Absent.

  The following Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5 and Patent Document 6 are small-sized ones that can be used by the general public. In terms of weight, it is almost impossible for one person to carry various coal-making sites, especially in forests and narrow mountain paths. Furthermore, even if it is normally stored, it cannot be stored without a storage volume larger than the main body.

  In addition, there is an ultra-compact carbonization furnace with a capacity of about 18 liters using a canister, but there is a problem that the amount of coal production is extremely small. On the other hand, a mobile carbonization furnace with a capacity of 1300 liters is also commercially available, but it is too large for individuals to procure a single piece of charcoal for charcoal production, and it is extremely difficult for one person to make charcoal. . The drum-type carbonization furnace has a capacity of about 180 to 200 liters. This is an amount suitable for charcoal production in individuals and events, both in the procurement of wood and bamboo for charcoal production and in the amount of charcoal obtained. It is the most popular carbonization furnace in the whole country.

  However, the drum-type carbonization furnace requires considerable labor to transport the main body weighing approximately 28 kg, and also requires transport of chimneys, sealing blocks, etc., so it is difficult to transport alone. . In particular, it is very difficult to transport on narrow and steep roads or in forests with charcoal. In addition, in the coal making operation, considerable labor is required for embedding the main body into the ground, installing a chimney, and filling work at the time of sealing. Furthermore, since the drum can main body cannot be disassembled, a volume larger than the main body is required for transportation and storage.

Most of the flue sections of carbonization furnaces including the following patent documents cannot be divided and cannot be easily transported and installed as each single unit remains a cylinder. Further, there is a problem that the flue gas passing through the flue is cooled in the flue and adheres to the flue and the bottom of the flue as a tar component, resulting in narrowing or blockage of the flue. Furthermore, when connecting and using two or more, there existed a problem that a tar part adhered to a joint and a flue could not come off.
JP 2001-323277 A (page 3, paragraph number 0020) No. 3054579 (page 7, paragraph number 0014) JP 2006-52335 A (first page, FIG. 1) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-81259 (1st page, FIG. 1) Noto 3079024 (1st page, Fig. 1) Japanese Patent No. 3445162 (first page, FIG. 1)

  The problem to be solved is that in a carbonization furnace with a capacity that can be easily used by ordinary citizens and farmers, the carbonization furnace cannot be transported by one to several people, it cannot be assembled and installed within a short time, and the main body Since it cannot be divided, it cannot be stored in a narrow place.

  In addition, general chimneys are round and easy to roll, and each single unit remains in a round shape and cannot be disassembled into a semicircular shape. The chimney is necessary and bulky, and further, the tar content adheres to the joint, making it difficult to remove.

The present invention is a portable, disassembling and assembling type carbonization furnace in which a kiln body having a shed is composed of a metal plate having fire resistance and durability, and the kiln body is divided into a canopy and two or more walls. A first flue for exhausting smoke is provided in the vertical direction along the outer surface of the wall in an integrated state with the wall in the kiln body, and the wall is It is a carbonization furnace characterized by making a part of the road .

Moreover, the bottom part of the 1st flue is open | released , It is the carbonization furnace which enabled the tar content liquefied in the 1st flue to fall to the ground .

Furthermore, the second flue for connecting to the upper end of the first flue is provided, and the second flue is a carbonization furnace that can be divided in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction .

The portable, disassembling and assembling type carbonization furnace of the present invention can divide the kiln body into a plate shape, and at the time of disassembly, add the thickness of the first flue and shed to the stack of several thin plates. Since it has a thin shape and volume, there is an advantage that it is excellent in transportation and storage.

  As shown in Table 1, the weight of this carbonization furnace is about 30% or less when compared with the most popular drum-type carbonization furnace, although it has the same capacity. Furthermore, compared with the conventional assembly / mobile type carbonization furnace, since it is much lighter and smaller, there is an advantage that it can be easily transported by one person. Further, since the structure is simplified, there is an advantage that it can be easily assembled and installed even in a narrow place.

  While it has a simple structure and is easy to make, it has the same performance as a full-scale earthen kiln in terms of coal collection rate and quality.

Since a part of the detachable first flue is shared and integrated with the kiln body, it is possible to reduce the number of members and reduce the weight and to improve the stability and efficiency during transportation.

Further, since the kiln body of a Atsushi Ko is a part of the first flue, it is possible to prevent the cooling in the first flue, tar deposition of the first flue Can be reduced. Furthermore, that since the bottom of the first flue is in the ground, since the tar liquefied dropped to penetrate into the ground, it is possible to prevent adhesion of tar at the bottom of the first flue There are advantages. As a result, it has been possible to prevent the narrowness, blockage, and weight increase of the flue, which has been a problem in the past.

Since the second flue outside the kiln body is divided in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 2, it can be transported and stored compactly in a state where the divided ones are stacked as shown in FIG. This also has the advantage of not rolling like a normal round chimney. In addition, the feature that it can be divided into upper and lower parts is that when removing the connected second flue , not only pulling but also force can be applied to the upper and lower parts, and the difficulty of falling out due to adhesion of tar can be eliminated. is there.

1 and 2 are views relating to a carbonization furnace according to the present invention. First, a plurality of walls, that is, a side wall (2), a front wall (3), and a rear wall (4) are assembled. In this case, it is also possible to reinforce the wall surface and the joint between the walls with the frame material (5). 1 is divided into four side walls (2), a front wall (3), and a rear wall (4), it can be divided into two as shown in FIG. Furthermore, more divisions are possible.

If the first flue (6) is attached to the rear wall (4) with bolts and nuts, or if it is attached by welding or the like, it is efficient without moving during transportation. The form of the first flue (6) is a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle, or a semicircle .

After assembling the side wall (2) of the kiln body excluding the canopy, the front wall (3), and the rear wall (4) with the first flue (6), once installed on the ground, the first flue ( 6) and to confirm the position of the fired opening (8). After confirmation of the position, the position of the first flue (6) and burning port (8), dig fueled hole (15) and the flue hole having a depth of about 5 to 10 cm (14).

After the hole is dug, place the kiln body in the position determined earlier. The installation, movement, and re-installation of the kiln body can be easily performed by humans with ease because the kiln body is light as shown in the table. After installation, put charcoal (pruned branches / trunks, thinned wood, bamboo, etc.) into the kiln body from the top. Charcoal can be placed vertically or horizontally. Alternatively, since the kiln body is lightweight, a method of covering the kiln body from above after placing the carbonaceous material in a predetermined position is also possible.

The shed (8) is simply attached to the kiln body with a pin or the like before ignition.

  After putting the charcoal material, cover the canopy (1) from above and fix it with pins, bolts and nuts. In order to simplify the operation, each side wall (2), front wall (3), rear side from a fixing hole (11) in which a pin, J-shaped or U-shaped fire-resistant fixing bracket (10) is opened in the canopy (1) A simple method of passing through the fixing hole (11) of the wall (4) is also possible. Examples of shapes to be penetrated are shown in FIGS.

At that time, if there is a gap between the upper part of the kiln main body and the canopy (1), a filling material of a fluid object (12) such as a few scoops is used to fill the gap. Thereby, a canopy (1) can be fixed to a kiln body easily, and the airtightness indispensable for carbonization can be secured. This method is a mechanism that can be operated easily and quickly even by a weak person, for example, an elderly person or a woman. In addition, although cost becomes high, when fixing a kiln main body upper part and a canopy with a volt | bolt and a nut, fluid objects (12), such as sand, are unnecessary.

In order to seal the grounding part, as shown in FIG. 5, the grounding part (16) having a height of about 5 to 10 cm is applied to the grounding part. In this case, if the soil inside the kiln body is dug and used, the capacity of the carbonization furnace is increased.

  In addition, if you want to keep warmer, you can place sand, blocks, metal and other heat-resistant materials on the top and sides of the canopy. Of charcoal could be made.

  When the bottom is the ground, the charcoal may be mixed with the soil near the grounding portion when collecting the charcoal. To avoid this, a bottom plate (13) can be installed.

The second flue (9) outside the main body of the kiln is used as a rear wall for the purpose of manipulating the flue gas, for example, to prevent the flue gas from the first flue (6) from being directed in the wrong direction. Put on (4). The second flue (9) outside the main body of the kiln is extended by connecting the single members after the divided members are inserted into the fixing holes of the members to form pins or the like. It is also possible to cool the flue gas in the second flue (9) outside the kiln body and collect it as a pyroligneous acid solution.

  Ignite from the shed (8) and perform normal charcoal work.

The fire extinguishing and sealing work at the end of charcoal removal is done by first removing the second flue (9) outside the kiln body, and in the first flue (6), sand in the first flue (6). Put an isofluid body (12) and seal. Alternatively, the flue lid (7) may be placed on the upper end of the first flue (6) and covered with a small amount of fluid (12) such as sand from above. It is only necessary to close the shed (8) with a fluid body (12) such as sand. Both are small and light work. After cooling the kiln, the canopy (1) is removed, and the charcoal is taken out. Both the canopy removal operation and the coal output operation are extremely simple and light operations.

  Although it is lightweight and has a very simple structure, the charcoal production capacity is sufficient as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 shows an example of carbonization treatment in which carbonaceous material is put into the carbonization furnace having the shape shown in FIG. The kiln body capacity can naturally be 200 liters or more, and the weight is of a range that can be transported by one to several people, although it varies slightly depending on the division method, shape, and the like.

  Newspaper, twigs, split wood, etc. were used for ignition, but these amounts could be ignited with about 1 kg if the charcoal material was sufficiently dry.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the temperature in the kiln during charcoal production was able to be made at a temperature exceeding 800 ° C. by performing the same operation as the refining work often performed in the earth kiln. In addition, the charcoal production time, the coal collection rate, etc. vary depending on the dryness of the raw wood, the initial tackiness, and the like.

The quality of charcoal when the charcoal is produced at the carbonization temperature shown in FIG. 8 has a fineness in the range of 4 to 6, but this is the standard of charcoal (black charcoal) established by the National Fuel Association, etc. To 8). In addition, in the case of birch, bamboo charcoal, etc., by carrying out the refining work (nerasis) that opens the shed at the time of fire extinguishing, it is possible to produce charcoal with a refining degree of 0 to 4, and full-scale charcoal equivalent to an earthen kiln I was able to.

  From these things, it solves problems such as workability, durability, and storage, such as transportation, assembly, installation, etc., which has been a problem with existing carbonization furnaces, and is easily owned by ordinary people and easily And it has the feature of being able to make charcoal in earnest.

  Compared to conventional carbonization furnaces, transportation, installation, removal, carbonization workability, storage performance, etc. are dramatically improved, so even ordinary people can easily own and use them. Therefore, ordinary citizens and farmers can easily tackle carbonization of garden pruned branches, satoyama broadleaf trees, thinned wood, bamboo, etc., making it possible to effectively use these materials that have become waste. It is possible to increase domestic coal production.

Perspective view after completion of assembly of the embodiment der Ru coal gasifier of the present invention. The perspective view before the assembly of the carbonization furnace which is embodiment of this invention . The perspective view which showed the carbonization furnace into which a kiln main body is divided into three . The top view of a carbonization furnace . The side view of a carbonization furnace . (A)-(b) is a figure showing a joining example of a canopy and a wall surface. The perspective view which showed the state when disassembling and putting together the 2nd flue outside the kiln body. The graph which shows the temperature change when carbonizing a hardwood.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Canopy 2 Side wall 3 Front wall 4 Rear wall 5 Frame material 6 First flue 7 Flue lid 8 Mouth 9 Second flue 12 outside kiln body 12 Flowing objects such as sand

Claims (3)

A kiln body having a shed is constructed of a metal plate having fire resistance and durability, and the kiln body is a portable, disassembling and assembling type carbonization furnace divided into a canopy and two or more walls ,
A first flue for flue gas is provided in the vertical direction along the outer surface of the wall portion in an integrated state with the wall portion in the kiln body, and the wall portion is a part of the first flue. A carbonization furnace characterized by making a part. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein a bottom portion of the first flue is opened so that a tar content liquefied in the first flue can be dropped to the ground. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second flue for connection to the upper end of the first flue is provided, and the second flue can be divided in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction.