JP5355307B2 - Press machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a press device which can obtain high output in spite of small size compared with the conventional one. <P>SOLUTION: The press device 1 has a link mechanism 40 including a first lever 41 and a second lever 42. The first lever 41 includes a first arm part 43 and a second arm part 44 turning around a fulcrum 60, and crossed at an angle of &theta;, and the turning side 43a in the first arm part 43 is driven in a vertical direction by an actuator 30 moving horizontally along a roof 25. In the second lever 42, either edge 42a is connected turnably to the edge of the second arm part 44 of the first lever 41, the other edge 42b moves in a vertical direction to the press device body 10, and it is connected turnably to the vertical movement part 52 connected to the slide bases 24a to 24b applying force in a vertical direction to forming dies 90a to 90c. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressing device that applies pressure to a mold.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a press device that operates a ram up and down by a toggle mechanism that operates via a crankshaft using a servo motor as a drive source. This press device is provided with a ram bottom dead center position detection sensor for detecting the bottom dead center position of the ram, and controls the rotation stop position of the crank, which is the ram bottom dead center position, according to the sensor detection value. It is characterized by keeping the dead center position constant.

JP 2000-202700 A

  Although the toggle mechanism (toggle link mechanism) is suitable as a force-increasing mechanism, the toggle mechanism and the actuator are often arranged in parallel in order to connect with the actuator, and the press device employing the toggle mechanism tends to be large in size. The installation area tends to be large. Therefore, there is a demand for a press device that has a large pressurizing capacity (output) using a toggle mechanism and that is compact and has a small installation area.

  An aspect of the present invention includes an actuator, a roof that supports the actuator, a link mechanism that is disposed under the roof and is operated by the actuator, and a pressurizing unit that is moved vertically by the link mechanism and applies pressure to the mold. Is a press device. The link mechanism (toggle link mechanism) turns around the first fulcrum, and includes a first arm part and a second arm part that intersect with each other at a first angle θ about the first fulcrum. And a second lever that connects the swivel side of the second arm unit and the pressure unit, and the swivel side of the first arm unit is driven in the vertical direction by the actuator. The press device further includes a mechanism that slides the actuator in the horizontal direction along the roof in accordance with the turning of the first arm portion.

  In this device, the swinging side of the first arm part of the link mechanism is pulled by the actuator on the roof to rotate the swinging side of the second arm part downward, and the pressure is applied via the second lever. Part can be pushed down. Further, the actuator is moved in the horizontal direction along the roof in accordance with the rotation of the first arm portion by the sliding mechanism, and the vertical force is mainly applied to the actuator. Therefore, in this press apparatus, pressure can be applied to the mold by the pressurizing unit, and the force of the actuator is increased using the rotation radius of the first arm unit of the link mechanism to the pressurizing unit. Can communicate.

  Further, in this press apparatus, since the actuator that applies a force in the vertical direction slides in the horizontal direction as the first arm turns, when the actuator and the first lever are connected, the horizontal displacement (deviation) ) Can be omitted. Furthermore, an actuator on the roof, a link mechanism below the roof, and a pressurizing unit are arranged almost linearly in the vertical direction, and a press device that applies the force of the actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or servo motor directly to the mold. In the same way as above, it is possible to provide a press apparatus that is slim in the vertical direction, has a small installation area, and has a higher press pressure.

The sliding mechanism causes the motor to move autonomously so that a force is applied to the first arm portion in the vertical direction, and when the first lever turns to move the first arm portion to a horizontal state, The arm 1 and the ball screw are orthogonal to each other, and the opening of the second arm and the second lever is maximized, and the pressure for molding (maximum pressure, maximum load) is applied to the molding die via the pressure unit. Will be added . In a state where the maximum load is obtained, the actuator can apply (pull) a force in a state orthogonal or orthogonal to the first arm portion, and the force of the actuator can be efficiently increased and transmitted to the pressurizing portion. .

  The opening angle (angle α) between the second arm portion and the second lever when obtaining the maximum load is preferably in the range of about 140 ° to less than 180 °, for example, about 160 °. Furthermore, the angle α is more preferably in the range of about 150 ° to about 170 °. In theory, the angle α is preferably 180 °. However, in order to apply a force to the mold, a pushing allowance is required, and considering various mechanical tolerances or rattles, the angle α is from several degrees to 10 degrees. It is desirable to allow a margin of about ° or more. By doing in this way, a big force can be given to a pressurizing part.

In this press apparatus, it is preferable that an angle (first angle, intersection angle) θ formed by the first arm portion and the second arm portion satisfies the following conditional expression (1).
90 ° <θ ≦ 110 ° (1)

  Preferably, the force applied to the pressurizing unit when the first arm unit is substantially horizontal is maximized (maximum load). Even when the first arm portion is substantially horizontal, it is desirable that the angle α between the second arm portion and the second lever be 180 ° or less including the pushing margin.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the angle (first angle, intersection angle) θ formed by the first arm portion and the second arm portion satisfies the following conditional expression (2).
95 ° ≦ θ ≦ 105 ° (2)

  It is desirable that the actuator can efficiently transmit a force in the vertical direction to the turning side of the first arm portion of the link mechanism. An example of such an actuator includes a motor and a ball screw operated by the motor. The actuator may be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

  The pressing device may include a mold. The mold is typically changed depending on the workpiece to be molded. In this press apparatus, the pressurizing unit may press a single mold, but has a plurality of stacked molds, and the pressurizing unit adds the plurality of stacked molds. You may press.

The front view which shows the press apparatus concerning one Embodiment of this invention. The left view which shows the press apparatus of FIG. The front view which shows a state when the force added to a pressurization part becomes the maximum in the press apparatus of FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a schematic configuration of a press apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The press device 1 is a system for forming a workpiece such as a metal plate into a predetermined shape with a forming die (press die). The press device 1 includes a press device main body 10 and a plurality of molding dies 90 a to 90 c set on the press device main body 10. In the press device 1 of the present example, three forming dies 90a, 90b and 90c are set on the press device main body 10 in a state where they are stacked one above the other. The forming dies 90a, 90b and 90c are respectively A lower die 92 is provided.

  The press apparatus main body 10 is a stand-alone type that can be installed on the floor 2 and includes a frame 20 that supports the whole. The frame 20 has a planar rectangular fixed base 21 for supporting the molds 90 a to 90 c, four leg portions 22 provided at the four corners of the lower surface of the fixed base 21, and extends upward from the four corners of the fixed base 21. Four struts 23, three planar rectangular slide bases 24 a, 24 b, 24 c that slide up and down along the four struts 23, and a roof 25 fixed to the upper ends of the four struts 23 I have. The slide base 24a and the fixed base 21 are members for setting the molding dies 90a to 90c. The slide base 24a and the fixed base 21 function to apply molding pressure to each of the molding dies 90a to 90c, and function as a pressure unit. Between the top slide base 24a and the second slide base 24b from the top, between the second slide base 24b from the top and the third slide base 24c from the top, the third slide base 24c and the fixed base The molds 90a, 90b, and 90c are set between the two.

  Specifically, the upper die 91 of the molding die 90a is attached to the lower side of the uppermost slide base 24a, and the lower die 92 of the molding die 90a is attached to the upper side of the second slide base 24b from the top. The upper die 91 of the molding die 90b is attached to the lower side of the second slide base 24b, and the lower die 92 of the molding die 90b is attached to the upper side of the third slide base 24c from the top. The upper die 91 of the molding die 90c is attached to the lower side of the third slide base 24c, and the lower die 92 of the molding die 90c is attached to the upper side of the fixed base 21.

  The press apparatus body 10 further includes an actuator 30 mounted (supported) on the roof 25 via a slide mechanism 70, a mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a slide mechanism) 70 for sliding the actuator 30 in the horizontal direction, and the roof 25. A link mechanism (toggle link mechanism, toggle mechanism, booster) 40 that is disposed on the lower side and operates by the actuator 30 is connected to the link mechanism 40 and the slide bases 24a to 24c, and pressure is applied to the molds 90a to 90c. And a connecting portion 50 for adding. The connecting portion 50 moves so that a vertical force is applied to each of the molds 90a, 90b, and 90c. Therefore, the connecting portion 50 is perpendicular to the guide 51 fixed to the frame 20 and the guide 51. A vertical movement unit 52 that slides in the direction (up and down) and transmits a vertical force to the slide bases 24a to 24c is provided. The up-and-down moving part 52 is fixed to the uppermost slide base 24a, and the molds 90a to 90c attached to the slide bases 24a to 24c are pressurized by pressing the slide base 24a downward. It has become.

  The force of the actuator 30 is transmitted to the vertical movement unit 52 via the link mechanism 40 that is a booster. The actuator 30 of this example includes a servo motor 31 and a ball screw 32 operated (rotated) by the motor 31. The ball screw 32 is engaged (screwed) with a nut member 49 provided at the distal end (turning side) of a first arm portion 43 of the link mechanism 40 described later, and is servoed by a power source and a control unit (not shown). When power is supplied to the motor 31 and the ball screw 32 is rotationally driven, the first arm portion 43 of the link mechanism 40 can be driven up and down.

  A mechanism (sliding mechanism) 70 that supports the servo motor 31 of the actuator 30 so as to slide in the horizontal direction on the roof 25 is substantially horizontally on the roof 25 in the sliding direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1 in this example). Two rails 71 installed on the rail 71 and a motor frame 72 that slidably supports the servo motor 31 on the rail 71. The slide mechanism 70 is required to have a function as a trajectory guide that smoothly moves the servo motor 31 in the horizontal direction under a condition in which a high load is applied to the servo motor 31. One example of such a highly rigid track guide is an LM guide manufactured by THK, which employs a mechanism that supports linear motion with a ball bearing. A region between the rails 71 of the roof 25 is a through hole 25h through which the ball screw 32 is passed, so that the ball screw 32 along with the servo motor 31 can move in the horizontal direction while passing through the roof 25. It has become.

  The link mechanism 40 driven by the ball screw 32 is a first lever 41 that pivots around a fulcrum fixed to the frame 20 of the press apparatus main body 10, in this example, a fulcrum 60 fixed to the lower side of the roof 25. And a second lever 42 that couples the first lever 41 and the up-and-down moving part 52 to each other. The first lever 41 includes a first arm portion 43 and a second arm portion 44 that intersect each other at an angle (first angle, intersection angle) θ around the fulcrum 60. In this example, the angle θ formed between the first arm portion 43 and the second arm portion 44 is fixed to about 100 °, and the first arm portion 43 and the second arm portion 44 have an angle θ. It turns around the fulcrum 60 in the maintained state. An end 43 a on the side of the turn opposite to the fulcrum 60 of the first arm portion 43 is screwed with the ball screw 32 via the nut member 49, and is driven in the vertical direction by the actuator 30.

  The end 44a on the turning side opposite to the fulcrum 60 of the second arm portion 44 of the first lever 41 is connected to one end 42a of the second lever 42 so as to be turnable. The other end 42b of the second lever 42 is connected to the up-and-down moving part 52 so as to be able to turn. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the end 43a of the first arm portion 43 of the first lever 41 of the link mechanism 40 is pulled up by the servo motor 31 via the nut member 49 and the ball screw 32, the second The arm portion 44 pivots around the fulcrum 60 so as to maintain the angle θ with the first arm portion 43. When the second arm portion 44 pivots, an angle α formed between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 rotatably connected to the end 44 a of the second arm portion 44 is widened, and the fulcrum 60 is supported. Thus, the up / down moving part 52 is pushed down.

  In this way, the force of the servo motor 31 is transmitted to the slide bases 24a to 24c, which are pressurizing portions, via the link mechanism 40, and pressurizes the molds 90a to 90c. Further, in the state where the opening of the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 is maximized and the maximum load is applied to the slide bases 24 a to 24 c, the angle formed between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42. α is approximately 180 degrees, and the second arm portion 44 extends substantially in the vertical direction, while the first arm portion 43 extends in the horizontal direction. Therefore, if the angular displacement of the first arm part 43 and the second arm part 44 in the vicinity of the maximum load is ω, the turning end 43a of the first arm part 43 is sine in the vertical direction. It is displaced by a function (SINω (ω≈0)), and the turning end 44a of the second arm portion 44 is displaced by a cosine function (COSω) in the vertical direction. For this reason, the displacement amount of the turning end 44a of the second arm portion 44 is smaller than the displacement amount of the turning end 43a of the first arm portion 43, and the output of the servo motor 31 is boosted by the lever principle. Then, it is transmitted to the vertical movement unit 52. Therefore, the link mechanism 40 functions as a force increasing mechanism (toggle mechanism, toggle link mechanism).

  Further, the servo motor 31 slides on the roof 25 in the horizontal direction by the slide mechanism 70. Accordingly, when the servo motor 31 drives the ball screw 32 to turn the first arm portion 43 around the fulcrum 60, the servo motor 31 is turned at the horizontal position of the first arm portion 43. It slides so as to be on the side end 43a, that is, directly above the nut member 49 (upward in the vertical direction). The nut member 49 is rotatably attached to the turning end 43a of the first arm portion 43, and the ball screw 32 always rotates in a state of extending in the vertical direction. Therefore, almost no load other than the vertical direction is applied to the servo motor 31 and an eccentric mechanism such as a crankshaft is unnecessary, and the output of the servo motor 31 can be efficiently transmitted to the link mechanism 40 with a simple mechanism.

  Further, since the servo motor 31 slides on the roof 25, the first arm portion 43 and the ball screw 32 are almost orthogonal to each other near the maximum load, and the length of the first arm portion 43 is effectively utilized. In this state, the lever principle can be used. That is, the moment around the fulcrum 60 of the first arm portion 43 can be maximized by applying a force in a state where the first arm portion 43 and the ball screw 32 are substantially orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the force applied to the first arm portion 43 by the servo motor 31 can be increased more efficiently and transmitted to the vertical movement portion 52. Therefore, in this press apparatus 1, for example, the press apparatus 1 that can increase the power about 10 times by the link mechanism 40 and has a capability equivalent to a 50 ton press using the servo motor 31 having an output of about 5 tons is provided. Can be provided.

  Furthermore, in this press apparatus 1, the angle θ formed by the first arm portion 43 and the second arm portion 44 of the first lever 41 of the link mechanism 40 is 100 °, and the maximum load shown in FIG. In the applied state, the opening angle (angle α) between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 is set to approximately 160 °. The angle (crossing angle) θ is preferably in the range of 90 ° to 110 °, and more preferably in the range of 95 ° to 105 °. Further, the angle (opening angle) α is preferably less than 180 °, for example, about 140 ° to 180 °, and more preferably about 150 ° to 170 °.

  The ideal state (dynamically) of the link mechanism 40 of the press device 1 is that the angle θ formed by the first arm portion 43 and the second arm portion 44 of the first lever 41 is 90 °, and the maximum The opening angle (angle α) between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 in a state where a load is applied is 180 °. Since the moving distance (displacement) of the turning side 44a of the second arm part 44 is minimized with respect to the moving distance (displacement) of the turning side 43a of the first arm part 43, the maximum boosting effect is obtained. However, if the opening angle (angle α) between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 is 180 ° in a state where the maximum load is applied, the vertical moving portion 52 does not move further downward (bottom dead) If the link mechanism 40, the slide bases 24a to 24c, and the molds 90a to 90c have any tolerance or rattle, the vertical movement unit 52 applies a predetermined pressure to the molds 90a to 90c. I can't.

  For this reason, in this press apparatus 1, in order to obtain the maximum load (maximum load) by setting the opening angle (angle α) between the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 to less than 180 ° with the maximum load applied. The position of the vertical movement unit 52 is set to be in front of the bottom dead center. Furthermore, the angle θ is set to be larger than 90 ° so that the first arm portion 43 and the ball screw 32 are orthogonal or close to each other when obtaining the maximum load. For this reason, the press apparatus 1 is provided with an appropriate pushing allowance in consideration of various mechanical tolerances or rattles, and the molding die is in a state where the second arm portion 44 and the second lever 42 do not extend completely. Sufficient pressure required for molding can be reliably applied to 90a to 90c.

  Furthermore, in this press apparatus 1, since the actuator 30 (servo motor 31) slides on the roof 25, in the state where it is desired to obtain this maximum load, the direction of the force generated by the actuator 30 and the first that transmits it. The arm portion 43 is orthogonal or nearly orthogonal, and the compact and high-output press device 1 can be provided by making full use of the capacity of the actuator 30.

  Further, in the press device 1, the actuator 30 slides in the horizontal direction as the first arm portion 43 turns, and automatically moves in the cosine direction (projection direction) of the first arm portion 43. For this reason, when the actuator 30 and the first lever 41 are connected, they can be connected without using a link, an eccentric shaft, an eccentric cam, or an eccentric gear for absorbing a displacement (deviation) in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the structure of the press device 1 can be simplified, and the actuator 30 can be disposed on the roof 25. For this reason, the actuator 30 and the link mechanism 40 can be arranged in the vertical direction with the roof 25 interposed therebetween, and the press device in which main elements for pressing are arranged in the vertical direction (vertical direction) including the molds 90a to 90c. 1 can be provided. Such a press apparatus 1 can reduce the area (installation area) of the floor 2 required for arrangement, can provide the press apparatus 1 with a small occupation space and high installation efficiency.

  In addition, the slide mechanism 70 causes the actuator 30 to autonomously constantly apply a force to the link mechanism 40 in the vertical direction. Therefore, almost no force (load) is applied to the actuator 30 obliquely with respect to the vertical direction, so that the influence on the mechanical strength of the actuator 30 can be reduced.

  The actuator 30 of the press apparatus 1 includes a servo motor 31 and a ball screw 32 operated by the motor 31, and the nut member 49 is moved up and down by the ball screw 32 to drive the link mechanism 40. It is an example of the mechanism which can convert efficiently the rotational force of this to a vertical motion. The actuator 30 is not limited to this, and may be any drive mechanism including a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, or the like and capable of driving the first arm portion 43 of the link mechanism 40 up and down. For example, when the actuator 30 is a hydraulic cylinder, a configuration in which the shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is slid downward by the slide mechanism 70 can be employed.

  In the press device 1, the fulcrum 60 of the first lever 41 is attached to the roof 25. However, the fulcrum (member serving as a fulcrum) and the roof that supports the actuator may be different. Moreover, in this press apparatus 1, although the 1st lever 41 is a substantially L shape, the shape of a 1st lever is not limited to this. For example, the first lever can be formed of a member in which a first arm portion and a second arm portion such as a fan shape are integrated. Further, the number of molds set in the press apparatus 1 is not limited to three, but may be four or more, two or less, and may be a multi-stage press or a single-stage press.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Press apparatus 25 Roof, 30 Actuator 40 Link mechanism, 41 1st lever, 42 2nd lever 43 1st arm part, 44 2nd arm part 60 Supporting point 90a, 90b, 90c Mold

Claims (5)

An actuator,
A roof that supports the actuator;
A link mechanism disposed under the roof and operated by the actuator;
A pressing device that is moved in the vertical direction by the link mechanism and has a pressing unit that applies pressure to the mold,
The link mechanism is
A first lever that includes a first arm portion and a second arm portion that pivot about a first fulcrum and intersect each other at a first angle θ around the first fulcrum;
A second lever connecting the swivel side of the second arm part and the pressurizing part, and the swivel side of the first arm part is driven in the vertical direction by the actuator;
Furthermore, have a mechanism for sliding horizontally along said actuator to said roof according pivoting of the first arm portion,
The actuator includes a motor and a ball screw that is operated by the motor and drives the first arm portion,
Due to the sliding mechanism, the motor moves autonomously so that the ball screw applies a force in the vertical direction to the first arm portion, and the first lever turns to make the first arm portion horizontal. When the first arm portion and the ball screw are orthogonal to each other, the opening between the second arm portion and the second lever is substantially maximized, and the molding is performed via the pressure portion. A press machine that applies molding pressure to the mold . An actuator,
A roof that supports the actuator;
A link mechanism disposed under the roof and operated by the actuator;
A pressing device that is moved in the vertical direction by the link mechanism and has a pressing unit that applies pressure to the mold,
The link mechanism is
A first lever that includes a first arm portion and a second arm portion that pivot about a first fulcrum and intersect each other at a first angle θ around the first fulcrum;
A second lever connecting the swivel side of the second arm part and the pressurizing part, and the swivel side of the first arm part is driven in the vertical direction by the actuator;
And a mechanism for horizontally sliding the actuator along the roof according to the turning of the first arm portion,
The actuator includes a cylinder and a shaft that is operated by the cylinder and drives the first arm portion,
By the sliding mechanism, the cylinder moves autonomously so that the shaft is applied with a force in the vertical direction on the first arm portion, and the first lever turns to level the first arm portion. When moved to a state, the first arm portion and the shaft are orthogonal to each other, and the opening between the second arm portion and the second lever is substantially maximized, and the mold is passed through the pressurizing portion. Press device that applies pressure for molding. 3. The press device according to claim 1, wherein the first angle θ satisfies the following condition.
90 ° <θ ≦ 110 ° 4. The press apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first angle θ satisfies the following condition.
95 ° ≦ θ ≦ 105 ° In any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of stacked forming die, the pressing pressurizes a plurality of molds which are the stacked, press.

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