JP5396418B2 - A polyhedral artificial aggregate used for a structure having a void. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a material for use in structures having voids such as high-performance pavement and porous concrete.

High-performance pavement is a structure that has a void that can be drained by pavement that uses asphalt as a binder, and prevents rain accidents caused by puddles by allowing rainwater to permeate through the void during rain, and watering the preceding vehicle This is a pavement that is effective in reducing noise and driving noise. Porous concrete is a permeable concrete structure with voids made of cement. Although the names differ depending on the binder, they have the same function, and the following explanation of the present invention is shown in the environment of high-performance pavement.

  As a result of the use of high-performance pavement over a certain period of time, the gap inside the pavement gradually crushes the pavement aggregate due to repeated loading of the vehicle, clogging of the void due to the accumulation of fine particles, or due to repeated loading Due to deformation and distortion of the pavement, there will be no gaps, and the above functions will be reduced and the function will be disabled. There is no prior art document on the aggregate shape of the present invention. Prior documents are shown as materials for confirming the specificity of the invention of this application. Prior literature on aggregates used is occupied by improvements in the composition of aggregates and improvements in binders.

JP2000-120010

In order to reduce deterioration over time of such high-performance pavement, the aggregate of the materials used is improved, the voids are prevented from being crushed, and the structure is highly resistant to deformation. As a result, the interval of re-paving work (cutting overlay) (Currently around 6 years) will be extended to make the pavement friendly to the global environment. Porous concrete is a structure that can be used for a long period of time with the same goal.

  As a representative factor of functional deterioration due to clogging of high-performance pavement, Pavement gaps are clogged by the accumulation of soil and sand due to wind, etc., and the drainage and noise functions are reduced. 2. Pavement aggregates are crushed by vehicle loading, and the fragments are clogged in the gaps, reducing the water permeability and noise function. 3. Due to the crushing of aggregate due to vehicle loading, the voids are crushed and the pavement sinks, causing deformation. Etc. The first factor is not a matter related to paving materials, but a decline in function due to nature, and functional recovery technology such as functional recovery vehicles is an issue. Factors 2 and 3 are functions related to pavement materials, so the present invention aims to improve 2 and 3.

The causes of functional degradation factors 2 and 3 are due to the unstable environment of the aggregate arrangement in the high-performance pavement. First of all, there is a problem with the arrangement of aggregates used. The aggregates that are usually used are crushed stones obtained by crushing natural stones at a crushed stone factory. If it is general pavement, there is no need to secure a gap in the pavement, and the combination of crushed stones in the pavement has much greater stability than other shaped aggregates, but requires a gap. On the other hand, the disadvantage of crushed stone appears in high-performance pavement.

The arrangement of aggregates is important for ensuring the deformation resistance of high-performance pavements. In addition, in order to bond these aggregates, asphalt materials used as bonding materials are used for general paving, and high-viscosity asphalt and epoxy asphalt materials are used for high-performance paving. This is to secure the next structural stability. To put it simply, it is positioned as an auxiliary material for stability and is not a fundamental solution. In particular, at high temperatures in the summer, the bonding performance is reduced to a low level of clay.

  Between adjacent crushed stones in general pavement, it is filled with asphalt and small crushed stones containing fine particles, and the adjacent crushed stones are in surface contact and stable. As a result, voids remain between the crushed stones, and the stability of the pavement is significantly reduced. In addition, crushed stones arranged on high-performance pavement are in point contact with adjacent crushed stones, and even aggregates with the same strength will be damaged by repeated vehicle loading.

Optimum shape of aggregate in high-performance pavement, with emphasis on the deterioration of the function due to the deformation of the pavement due to the damage of the aggregate, the reduction of the gap, and the clogging of the gap due to the broken piece Develop aggregate materials and provide them to society.

It is an aggregate used for structures with voids such as high-performance pavement and porous concrete. It is an 18-sided polyhedron manufactured using cement concrete as a raw material. It is a material.

In the aggregate of the present invention, all facing surfaces have parallel surfaces. This is an improvement in vulnerability due to point contact in the aggregate arrangement, and the shape is such that the surfaces can be arranged in an orderly manner with respect to the aggregate arrangement. In the aggregate arrangement by surface contact, the structural performance is stabilized and the deformation resistance is improved by the absence of the aggregate destruction by the point contact described above.

  If a cubic aggregate that is a regular hexahedron is used, the aggregate placement is stable and durability is increased in general pavement, but in the high-performance pavement, the internal void area that is characteristic is lost and it becomes an unusable aggregate. . At the same time, a polyhedron composed of at least the apex of the apex is recommended as the aggregate shape for outfitting so as not to damage the vehicle tire.

The cross-section of the aggregate shape, which is the solution to the problem, is roughly octagonal, and all corners maintain an obtuse angle. All faces are also parallel to each other. The result is an 18-hedron shape consisting of 6 square surfaces and 12 horizontally long hexagonal surfaces. Furthermore, by creating a cross-sectional defect by the horizontally long hexagonal surface of each side, it becomes a shape that secures the area of the required pavement gap. Due to the blunting of the apex, it is possible to reposition the aggregate properly with less vibration even during paving work, and construction work will be improved stably.

As a summary of the porosity of high-performance pavement, the actual rate of crushed aggregate used in the past is 58% to 60%, the other small aggregate 13%, the asphalt binder is 7% in total, the total results of 80% The pavement work is carried out so that the remaining 20% becomes a void. With the polyhedral aggregate in the present invention, the small aggregate can be omitted, so the porosity can be increased, and the required performance and function can be further improved. Furthermore, the amount of asphalt binder can be reduced due to the arrangement by surface contact.

  The area per aggregate surface required for high-performance aggregate can be calculated by the following method. First, assuming a vehicle load of 25 tons, the maximum load per wheel on the front wheels is 10.5 tons, and the tire contact area is 400 square centimeters. When the aggregate diameter is 20mm, there are 100 aggregates in the tire ground contact area, and the load per one is 1050N.

The minimum required strength of aggregate using aggregate of general natural stone is approximately 72N aggregate strength. If the required area per aggregate surface is calculated, it is 14.6 square mm. Furthermore, when the safety factor is tripled, the minimum required area per surface when using polyhedral aggregate is 43.7 square mm. This corresponds to a square surface with a side of 6.61 mm.

Compared to the conventional point contact combination environment of natural stone crushed stone, the aggregate of the present invention can support the loading in a wide area by arranging the surface contact, and the aggregate strength can be set lower. It became possible. Even the currently used cement concrete made from 50N class material can maintain sufficient strength and can be used. It can also be used as an environmentally friendly artificial aggregate to replace natural aggregate.

  On the other hand, regarding the setting of the target amount of the pavement gap, which is a secondary feature of the aggregate of the present application, the cross-sectional defect amount due to the horizontally long hexagonal surface while ensuring the minimum necessary area per surface of the load-bearing load of the aggregate It is possible to freely adjust the production by changing the setting, that is, by changing the aggregate dimensions.

1. The conventional unstable structure can be improved for long-term stable use.
2. The conventional voids can be further increased to increase functionality and provide long-term stable service.
3. Of the materials used, the amount of binder used can be reduced, and the use of small aggregates becomes unnecessary, making it a resource-saving pavement that is friendly to the global environment.
4). It can be used for a long time, and the interval of re-paving work due to functional deterioration can be greatly extended, resulting in a structure that is friendly to the global environment.
5. Aggregate shape Each component size can be changed to freely change the capacity of the gap, and an optimum structure can be created that matches the local environment.

Conventional structure having voids Immediately after installation Aggregate damage due to loading C. Subsidence deformation due to aggregate damage. Hexahedron diversification. A. Basic form. B. A truncated hexahedron. Non-permeable structure example. Fig. 2-B is an aggregate side view of the aggregate. This aggregate 18-hedron shape. Shape with a porosity of 21.8%. A. Dimension example diagram. B. Perspective view. Shape with a porosity of 26.2%. A. Dimension example diagram. B. Perspective view.

  Next, the aggregate shape according to the present invention will be described in more detail based on the drawings showing the embodiments. For convenience, parts having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  Fig. 1 shows the deterioration of a conventional high-performance pavement as a side view. Figure 1-A has a pavement (1) gap (2) and is composed of binder (3), small aggregate (4), and crushed stone aggregate (5). As the binder (3), asphalt is used for high-performance paving, but cement is used for porous concrete.

  Figure 1-B shows the process of cracking and crushing the crushed stone aggregate (5) by loading the vehicle. Concentrated load is applied to the end of the aggregate due to point contact, resulting in aggregate damage (6). Fig. 1-C shows the result of further vehicle loading, clogging of the void due to crushed pieces (7), and deformation of the pavement. A typical variation is pavement digging. When dredging occurs, steering operation becomes unstable and traffic accidents frequently occur.

In order to improve the deformation resistance of the pavement, we currently use high-viscosity asphalt and epoxy fusphalt mixed with reinforcing aids to enhance the performance of the binder, but the viscosity decreases at high temperatures in the summer. It is not a solution for deformation resistance. The basis of deformation prevention is based on aggregate arrangement, and the stability of the structure is greatly improved by changing the aggregate shape from the current point contact to surface contact.

When considering only deformation resistance, the shape of the cube (8) shown in Fig. 2-A is the truncated hexahedron shape (9), with its apexes cut off in Fig. 2-B. You will resist in three directions depending on the surface. The cube shown in Fig. 2-A cannot be put into practical use because it is difficult to place the aggregate due to the corners of the aggregate during actual paving work.

Fig. 3 shows an aggregate arrangement composed of the aggregates in Fig. 2-B (9). By contacting each other over the entire surface, remarkable deformation resistance can be secured. However, such an aggregate shape is optimal as an aggregate in general dense-graded pavement, but in the case of a pavement having a gap, the water permeation flow path is divided by the aggregate whole surface contact, and Fig. 2-B It does not hold in the aggregate.
It is optimal to add a plane (horizontal hexagonal surface) to each side of the aggregate in order to secure the water-permeable flow path that becomes the void. Fig. 4 shows a three-dimensional view (10) of the aggregate.

This section describes the procedure for determining the shape dimensions. First, the optimum aggregate size is determined based on the thickness of the pavement. If the pavement thickness is 50 mm and the aggregate is composed of 4 stages, the aggregate diameter will be 12.5 mm. However, considering the filling size of the binder, it should be set to -0.5 mm. A side is 12 mm.

  Next, find the required area per contact surface. When the vehicle load is 25 tons, the maximum load per wheel is 10.5 tons, the tire contact area is 400 square centimeters, and the aggregate diameter is 12 mm, the tire contact area has 277 aggregates. Placement will be 379N per unit. Also, when the aggregate strength is 72N which is the conventional minimum strength, the required area is 5.26 square mm, and if the safety factor is considered to be 3 times, it becomes 15.78 square mm and the square surface is 4 mm square. Comparable to the direction.

  Fig. 5-A shows an example of the machining size of the aggregate shape (10) with the target gap of 21.8%. In this aggregate example (10), the aggregate contact area is 36 square mm and the safety factor against the applied load is approximately 6.8 times, which provides sufficient deformation resistance. Fig. 5-B shows a perspective view for easy understanding of the shape. In addition, if necessary, the gap can be up to 29.5%, further improving the performance of water permeability and noise reduction. Fig. 6-A exemplifies the machining dimensions of aggregate shape (10) with a gap of 26.2%, and Fig. 6-B shows a perspective view.

Currently, it is used for high-performance pavement and porous concrete, but it will be used in the pavement industry as it will be used in future performance-guaranteed construction orders. It can also be used in the construction industry as an aggregate used for other water-permeable and air-permeable structures. It will also be used for bank revetments such as rivers.

1. Pavement section 2. Air gap Bonding material 4. Small aggregate 5. Crushed stone aggregate 6. 6. Aggregate cracks Broken crushed pieces 8. cube
9. Truncated hexahedron 10. Application 18 facet aggregate

Claims (1)

It is an aggregate used for structures with voids such as high-performance pavement and porous concrete. It is an 18-sided polyhedron manufactured using cement concrete as a raw material. Wood.