JP5408495B2 - Pyrolysis treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermal decomposition treatment apparatus for decomposing flammable waste such as garbage, fallen leaves, and plastics without generating harmful substances and odors.

  Conventionally, when performing incineration processing of combustible waste, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, thermal decomposition of harmful substances, etc., and incineration processing without generating these harmful substances and odor Pyrolysis furnaces that can be used have been proposed.

  The pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heating element that is formed by laminating powder particles such as ceramic ash at the bottom of the furnace body, and that protrudes upward through the powder particle layer. When incinerating the object to be processed in the furnace, the object to be processed is thrown into the furnace together with paper scraps, spread on the granular material layer, and the heating element generates heat. When a low temperature pyrolysis temperature of about 0 ° C. is reached, the workpiece is burned and pyrolysis is carried out.

JP 2009-41800 A

  In a pyrolysis furnace having a structure in which the object to be treated is pyrolyzed on the granular layer at the bottom of the furnace as described above, for example, a cover containing a large amount of moisture such as garbage or wet fallen leaves. When pyrolyzing the processed material, the moisture discharged from the material to be processed penetrates into the granular material layer, and the water absorbed inside the granular material layer remains near the furnace bottom away from the heating element. In order to remove moisture from the granular material layer, a separate heat source such as a heater is attached to the vicinity of the furnace bottom, or the water accumulated at the bottom of the furnace is discharged. It is necessary to provide a drain.

  Therefore, the present invention eliminates the problems in the prior art as described above, and effectively absorbs the moisture absorbed by the deposited ash such as ceramic ash deposited on the hearth without requiring a separate heat source such as a heater. An object of the present invention is to provide a thermal decomposition treatment apparatus that can be removed.

  The thermal decomposition treatment apparatus of the present invention provided for the above-mentioned purpose deposits ash such as ceramic ash on the hearth of the combustion chamber, and heats the combustible waste charged thereon while supplying high-concentration ozone. A decomposing treatment, a tubular heat dissipating part disposed near the lower layer of the deposited ash along the periphery of the hearth of the combustion chamber, and an upper layer of the deposited ash in the center of the hearth A heat transfer body integrally formed with a tubular heat-absorbing part to be arranged, the surrounding heat absorbed by the heat-absorbing part is transmitted to the heat dissipating part, and the deposited ash around the heat dissipating part is heated, It is characterized by removing moisture absorbed in it.

  In the thermal decomposition processing apparatus of the present invention, it is desirable that heat transfer fins be provided on at least the outer peripheral surface of the heat absorbing portion of the heat transfer body. It is also desirable that a plurality of fin-shaped guide plates are provided in parallel in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber so that the amount of protrusion from the inner surface of the combustion chamber decreases continuously from above to below.

  According to the thermal decomposition processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the heat generated from the combustible waste that burns on the deposited ash is absorbed by the heat absorption part of the heat transfer body, and the vicinity of the lower layer of the deposited ash by heat conduction. Because the heat is transferred to the heat dissipating part that is buried in the heat sink, and then heat is released from the surrounding accumulated ash to heat it, the moisture absorbed by the accumulated ash is not required in the hearth separately. Can be evaporated to keep the deposited ash dry.

  Moreover, according to the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on invention of Claim 2, since the heat-transfer fin is provided in the outer peripheral surface of the heat absorption part at least, the heat-transfer efficiency of a heat-transfer body can be improved, and deposition Moisture can be removed from ash more efficiently.

  According to the pyrolysis apparatus of the invention described in claim 3, the fin-shaped guide plate in which the amount of protrusion from the inner surface continuously decreases from the upper side to the lower side is vertically formed on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber. Since it is provided in parallel in the direction, it can be smoothly dropped onto the deposited ash on the hearth without clogging or catching waste such as garbage in a plastic bag. it can.

It is a schematic side view which shows the external appearance of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the internal structure figure seen in the left-right direction of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the internal structure figure seen in the front-back direction of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus according to the present invention. The thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a combustible material such as paper waste, wood, fallen leaves, garbage, and plastics. Toxic waste is burned, and harmful substances and odorous substances generated at that time are pyrolyzed.

  The waste combustion gas burned by the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus 1 is sent to a smoke odor eliminating apparatus 2 provided adjacent thereto and purified, and then discharged from the exhaust port 2A to the atmosphere. . In addition, as the said smoke-removal deodorizing apparatus 2, the particulates of the smoke in the said combustion gas are made to pass through the shower of water and contact with the high concentration ozone generated by the ozone generator And existing devices for removing odors are used.

  Next, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus 1, FIG. 3 is an internal structure diagram viewed in the left-right direction, and FIG. 4 is an internal structure diagram viewed in the front-rear direction. As shown in the figure, the pyrolysis apparatus 1 in the present embodiment is formed in a box shape, and can be moved by caster wheels 3 provided at four corners of the bottom surface.

  Moreover, the peripheral wall 4 of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 is formed in the shape of a rectangular tube, and has a double wall structure including an outer wall plate 4A and an inner wall plate 4B in order to enhance the heat insulating effect. An internal space partitioned by the peripheral wall 4, the bottom plate 5, and the top plate 6 serves as a combustion chamber 7 for subjecting an object to be processed (combustible waste) to combustion treatment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the top plate 6 is provided with an input port 10 for an object to which an input lid 9 is attached by a horizontal hinge shaft 8 so as to be opened and closed. As shown in FIG. 3, an input receiving box 11 having a bottom inclined is provided inside the input port 10.

  The input receiving box 11 is provided with an opening 12 communicating with the inside of the combustion chamber 7, and an inner lid 14 fixed to a horizontal opening / closing shaft 13 is attached to the opening 12. The opening / closing shaft 13 is rotatably supported by bearings at both end portions of the peripheral wall 4 facing both sides, and an inner lid opening / closing arm 15 is fixed to one end portion of the opening / closing shaft 13.

  The inner lid opening / closing arm 15 is provided with a handle portion 15A for grasping by hand at one end portion thereof, and between the other end portion and a support pin 16 protruding from the outer surface of the peripheral wall 4. A coil spring 17 is stretched between them.

  The coil spring 17 urges the inner lid 14 to always close the opening 12 via the inner lid opening / closing arm 15 and the opening / closing shaft 13, and grasps the handle portion 15A to rotate the inner lid opening / closing arm 15 downward. Only when it is moved, the inner lid 14 is opened and the opening 12 is opened.

  On the other hand, at the lower part of the front surface of the peripheral wall 4, an ash removal port 18 is provided for taking out the ash accumulated at the bottom of the combustion chamber 7 and igniting the object to be processed introduced into the combustion chamber 7 from the insertion port 10. An ash door 19 is attached to the ash outlet 18 so as to be freely opened and closed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an exhaust cylinder 20 for exhausting combustion gas from the combustion chamber 7 is provided near the upper end on the rear surface side of the peripheral wall 4. In the present embodiment, although not shown, the exhaust cylinder 20 is connected to the suction port of the smoke eliminating apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 1 by a connecting pipe.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a part of the high-concentration ozone generated by the ozone generator built in the smoke odor eliminating apparatus 2 passes through the ozone induction pipe 21 and the combustion chamber 7 of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus 1. It is designed to be supplied inside.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ozone induction pipe 21 branches to the left and right sides along the rear surface of the peripheral wall 4 of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus 1, and further branches into two forks on the left and right sides. It is connected to one cylindrical magnetic processing unit 22.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic processing unit 22 has a vertical flow path through which the high-concentration ozone supplied from the ozone induction tube 21 passes downward, and in the inside thereof, there is a high flow rate. A pair of permanent magnets 22 </ b> A is arranged in two upper and lower stages, with a gap through which the concentration ozone passes, arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction.

  These sets of permanent magnets 22 are arranged such that the pole arrangement direction of the upper and lower magnets is rotated 90 degrees in the horizontal direction. These magnetic processing units 22 are arranged inside the cover 23 shown in FIG. 1, but the illustration of the cover 23 is omitted in other drawings.

  Further, the lower end of each magnetic processing unit 22 is connected to the end of an ozone introduction cylinder 24 that penetrates the peripheral wall 4 in the horizontal direction and communicates with the lower part in the combustion chamber 7. The groups of these ozone introduction cylinders 24 arranged side by side are arranged at different levels, and the cylinder ends of these ozone introduction cylinders 24 protruding into the combustion chamber 7 are located on the upper side. Projecting from the lower side, the cylinder end opening is less likely to be clogged with falling objects from above.

  In the thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the upper surface of the bottom plate 5 constitutes a hearth 5A on which deposited ash a made of ceramic ash is deposited. A heat transfer body 25 is installed on the hearth 5A.

  As shown in FIG. 2, two sets of heat transfer bodies 25 formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view are installed symmetrically, and each heat transfer body 25 is deposited ash at the center of the hearth 5A. a tubular heat-absorbing portion 25A disposed near the upper layer of a and a tubular heat-radiating portion 25B disposed buried in the vicinity of the lower layer of the deposited ash a along the peripheral portion of the hearth 5A are integrally connected. It is configured.

  The heat transfer body 25 is formed in a solid or hollow shape with a metal material, for example, stainless steel or copper. The heat transfer body 25 is made of a metal having excellent heat conductivity such as copper provided concentrically inside a metal tube having excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance such as heat resistant steel and stainless steel, or a low melting point. It is good also as a structure which enclosed the metal.

  Moreover, in the thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the fin-shaped guide plate 26 is attached inside the inner wall plate 4B so as to be parallel to the vertical direction by a predetermined length. These guide plates 26 are shaped so that the amount of protrusion from the inner surface of the inner wall plate 4B decreases linearly from above to below, and the facing distance between the guide plates 26 facing in the front-rear or left-right direction is directed downward. It is configured to spread.

  Next, the procedure of the thermal decomposition process of combustible waste using the thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described. The object to be treated (flammable waste) opens the inlet 10 by rotating the input lid 9 provided on the top plate 6 of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus 1 upward, and enters the input receptacle 11 from here. throw into. (See Fig. 1 and Fig. 3)

  At this time, the inner lid 14 provided in the opening 12 of the input receiving box 11 is closed by the biasing force of the coil spring 17, and the input processing object is temporarily held in the input receiving box 11. .

  Next, after closing the closing lid 9, when the handle 15 </ b> A is grasped by hand and the inner lid opening / closing arm 15 is rotated downward against the urging force of the coil spring 17, the inner lid 14 rotates together with the opening / closing shaft 13. As a result, the opening 12 is opened, and the object to be processed in the input receiving box 11 is discharged into the combustion chamber 7.

  At this time, the object to be treated is guided by a plurality of guide plates 26 attached to the inner surface of the inner wall plate 4B surrounding the combustion chamber 7 from four directions, and falls onto the accumulated ash a of the hearth 5A. However, since the guide plate 26 has a shape in which the amount of protrusion from the inner surface of the inner wall plate 4B decreases linearly from the upper side to the lower side as described above, the garbage put in a plastic bag or the like This waste also falls smoothly onto the deposited ash a without being caught on the way.

  In the present embodiment, each guide plate 26 has a shape in which the amount of protrusion from the inner surface of the inner wall plate 4B decreases linearly from above to below, but is not limited thereto. For example, the protruding amount may be gradually reduced to a loose curve.

  In this way, when the object to be processed is taken into the combustion chamber 7, the ash outlet door 19 is opened, and the object to be processed dropped onto the deposited ash a is ignited from the ash outlet 18 by an ignition tool or a match. . At this time, when the object to be processed is difficult to burn, when the ash removal port 18 ignites by placing paper scraps or wood pieces for scraping around the object to be processed, or when the object to be processed is input from the input port 10 In addition, these flammable items are put together and ignited from the ash intake 18.

  Further, when igniting, the smoke odor eliminating apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 1 is operated, high concentration ozone is generated by the built-in ozone generator, and this is generated through the ozone induction pipe 21 of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus 1. The two are distributed and sent to the magnetic processing units 22 provided on each of the left and right side surfaces of the peripheral wall 4.

  The high-concentration ozone supplied to the magnetic processing unit 22 is generated by an ozone generator provided exclusively for the thermal decomposition apparatus 1 without using the ozone generated by the ozone generator built in the deodorizing and smoking device 2. May be.

  The high-concentration ozone sent to each magnetic processing unit 22 is activated in the process of passing between the pair of permanent magnets 22A arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction inside these magnetic processing units 22, It flows into the lower part of the combustion chamber 7 through the ozone introduction cylinder 24.

  On the other hand, when the object to be processed in the combustion chamber 7 is lit, the ash door 19 is closed. Then, the object to be treated is continuously burned at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. while toxic substances and odors generated during combustion are decomposed by the activated high-concentration ozone supplied from the ozone introduction cylinder 24. To do.

  At this time, the combustion gas and smoke generated from the object to be processed are discharged from the combustion chamber 7 to the outside through the exhaust pipe 20. In the present embodiment, the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the pyrolysis treatment device 1. Combustion gas and smoke generated in the combustion chamber 7 are immediately taken into the smoke odor eliminating apparatus 2 and connected to the smoke odor eliminating apparatus 2 installed adjacent to the rear. Fine particles of smoke and residual odor components are removed and highly purified, and then released into the atmosphere from the exhaust port 2A.

  Further, in the middle of the combustion treatment of the object to be treated, new flammable waste can be produced without causing smoke and harmful substances to flow out of the combustion chamber 7 by sequentially opening and closing the charging lid 9 and the inner lid 14. Can be sequentially put into the combustion chamber 7 for incineration and thermal decomposition treatment.

  At this time, if waste containing moisture such as garbage or wet fallen leaves is treated, a large amount of moisture is discharged into the combustion chamber 7 and absorbed into the deposited ash a stacked on the hearth 5A. . However, the upper portion of the deposited ash a at the center of the hearth 5A is heated due to the combustion of the workpiece, and the heat is absorbed by the heat absorbing portion 25A of the heat transfer body 25 arranged in this portion.

  Since the heat transfer body 25 is made of metal and has a higher thermal conductivity than the deposited ash a, the heat absorbed by the heat absorbing portion 25A is immediately buried in the vicinity of the lower layer of the deposited ash a along the periphery of the hearth 5A. The surrounding deposited ash a is heated to a high temperature from here, and the water absorbed therein is evaporated and removed.

  In the present embodiment, a large number of heat transfer fins 25C are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heat absorption part 25A in order to increase the efficiency of heat absorption from the surroundings in the heat absorption part 25A of the heat transfer body 25. The structure of the heat transfer body 25 is not limited to that of the present embodiment, and the heat transfer fins 25C may be omitted when priority is given to reducing the manufacturing cost.

  Further, heat transfer fins having the same structure as that of the heat transfer fins 25C may be provided in the heat radiating portion 25B to increase the heat radiating efficiency in the heat radiating portion 25B, thereby further increasing the heat transfer efficiency by the heat transfer body 25. .

  The thermal decomposition treatment apparatus of the present invention can be widely used for the thermal decomposition treatment of various types of combustible wastes such as garbage, paper waste, wood waste, cloth, and plastics.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal decomposition processing apparatus 2 Smoke_deodorization apparatus 3 Caster wheel 4 Perimeter wall 4A Outer wall board 4B Inner wall board 5 Bottom board 5A Furnace 6 Top plate 7 Combustion chamber 8 Hinge shaft 9 Input lid 10 Input port 11 Input receptacle 12 Opening 13 Opening / closing shaft 14 Inner lid 15 Inner lid opening / closing arm 15A Handle portion 16 Support pin 17 Coil spring 18 Ash outlet 19 Ash outlet door 20 Exhaust cylinder 21 Ozone induction pipe 22 Magnetic processing unit 22A Permanent magnet 23 Cover 24 Ozone introduction cylinder 25 Heat transfer Body 25A Heat-absorbing part 25B Heat-radiating part 25C Heat-transfer fin 26 Guide plate

Claims (3)

A pyrolysis apparatus that deposits ash, such as ceramic ash, on the hearth of the combustion chamber, and performs a pyrolysis process while supplying high-concentration ozone to the combustible waste charged on the ash,
A tubular heat-absorbing part arranged near the upper layer of the deposited ash at the center of the hearth of the combustion chamber and a tubular heat radiating part arranged buried in the vicinity of the lower layer of the deposited ash along the periphery of the hearth are integrated. A heat transfer body connected to each other,
A thermal decomposition processing apparatus characterized in that the ambient heat absorbed by the heat absorbing part is transmitted to a heat radiating part to heat the deposited ash around the heat radiating part to remove moisture absorbed in the deposited ash.   The thermal decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heat transfer fin is provided on at least an outer peripheral surface of the heat absorbing portion of the heat transfer body.   A plurality of fin-shaped guide plates in which a protruding amount from the inner surface of the combustion chamber continuously decreases from the upper side to the lower side are provided in parallel in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber. Item 3. The thermal decomposition treatment apparatus according to Item 1 or 2.

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