JP5414557B2 - Communication facility information collection system and communication facility information collection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication facility information collection system and a communication facility information collection method for transmitting information obtained by a sensor in a manhole to the outside.

  The need to monitor the status of various facilities installed in manholes tends to increase year by year. Since it is difficult to replace an aging manhole with a new one, there are monitoring to continue to use it safely in the future, and inspections to cope with the increase in equipment and types installed in manholes. However, since the target equipment is in the ground below the road, it is accompanied by inspection incidental work such as opening and closing a metal manhole cover, and it is difficult to frequently check from the cost and traffic conditions.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, as a device for monitoring the state of equipment in the manhole without opening and closing the metal manhole cover, as shown in FIG. 12, the monitoring device (slave device) 2 for the specific low-power radio device, start-up It is considered to use an inexpensive manhole information collecting apparatus including a sensor and activation circuit 3 and various sensors 4 and 5 (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  In the monitoring device, first, the power supply of the external base unit 1 is turned on (S1), and the gold lid is hit with a hammer (S2). The activation sensor 3 disposed in the vicinity of the gold lid in the manhole detects hammering (S3), and the power of the monitoring device (slave device) 2 which is a wireless device is turned on (S4). The monitoring device 2 collects detection signals from the movement amount sensor 4 and the oil leakage sensor 5 and transmits them as sensor information to the outside wirelessly (S5). The external base unit 1 receives the sensor information from the monitoring device 2 (S6), and returns a reception confirmation to the monitoring device 2 (S7). After receiving the reception confirmation, the monitoring device 2 turns off the power (S8).

  Since this in-manhole information collection device is installed in a manhole without a power source, battery replacement is not required for several years, thus saving power. In order to realize the conflicting demands of “reducing operating time to the limit” for power saving and “capable of collecting information whenever necessary” as a monitoring device A method is considered.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, from various sensors installed in the manhole 10, an internal mounted thermometer 12, an externally connected toxic gas sensor 13, an externally connected strain sensor 14, and an externally connected water level sensor 15 A method of transmitting information to the reader / writer 16 and the personal computer 17 on the ground by using the tag 11 is also considered. By using the wireless ID tag system having such a configuration, an underground operator can monitor the underground environment by obtaining information on equipment in the underground at the site (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, in the network equipment maintenance management system, the responder 20 is installed in a closure in a narrow place in the manhole 60 (left side in FIG. 14), or the sensor 30 is located at a high position of the utility pole 40. A responder 20 connected to is installed. The interrogator 50 corresponding to these responders 20 is held in the hand of the worker M, or the worker who gets on the automobile 60 carries it. By these interrogators 50, information is obtained from the responders 20 installed at the aforementioned locations. By such a method, information on important points in the network equipment can be obtained even if the worker M does not climb to a high place or enter a narrow underground place in the management on the utility pole 40 or in the manhole 60. , Can be grasped in the vicinity. From such a thing, the inspection work of a severe place can be made favorable (for example, refer patent document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-85925 JP-A-8-191257

Chubu Electric Power Technology Development News May 2006 (No. 120), Research Results Development of maintenance information collection system in manhole, <http://www.chuden.co.jp/torikumi/study/library/news/pdf/list120/ N12025.pdf>

  In the prior art according to Non-Patent Document 1 described above, it is necessary for an operator to hit the metal lid with a hammer for each manhole, which is very troublesome. As this effort, for example, a worker needs to stay for a while while working on a manhole on the road, so a situation that enables work around the manhole, that is, a cone is provided. In addition, application procedures such as setting of work sections and placement of traffic controllers who guide traffic vehicles, and prior road use permission are also required.

  On the other hand, in the prior arts disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, information from various sensors installed in the manhole is wirelessly transmitted to the outside of the manhole from a tag, a responder, etc. There is an advantage that it is possible to save time and effort as in Non-Patent Document 1 by receiving with a device. Therefore, it is assumed that a plurality of sensors and tags are installed in the manhole in order to develop the prior art according to Patent Documents 1 and 2 and obtain more detailed information.

  FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of an information collecting system in which a plurality of sensors and tags are installed in a manhole, and information from various sensors installed in the manhole is wirelessly transmitted to the outside of the manhole from a tag or a responder. It is. In FIG. 15, the strain sensor 110 is disposed on the floor surface, side surface, ceiling, entrance, etc. of the manhole 400 in order to detect the collapse of the manhole 400. The information passed to the tag 210 is received by the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 that travels on the ground wirelessly.

  However, in the information collecting system shown in FIG. 15, in order to collect and accumulate information from the large number of strain sensors 110 once by the logger 220, wiring is necessary for each. Further, a power supply cable from the battery 230 necessary for operating the logger 220 and a wiring for passing information from the logger 220 to the tag 210 are also necessary. As described above, a large number of wirings are required between the large number of strain sensors 110 and the logger 220, and furthermore, a power supply cable and a wiring for passing information from the logger 220 to the tag 210 are also necessary. There is a problem that it interferes with other work such as installation work and maintenance work.

  Further, in order for the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 to receive radio waves from the tag 210 of the manhole 400, the tag 210 must transmit at a short transmission interval. In this case, the battery life of the tag 210 is sufficient. In order to keep it long, a battery 230 having a large power capacity is required.

  FIGS. 16A and 16B show the state of transmission power from the tag 210 when the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 receives radio waves from the tag 210, the nearby telephone box, telephone pole, etc. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the condition of the transmission power from the tag 210 when the reader | leader installed in tag receives the electromagnetic wave of the tag 210. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16A, when the reader 300 mounted on the traveling measurement vehicle 500 receives the radio wave of the tag 210, it is different from when it is stopped, for example, at intervals such as 1 second. In order to operate the tag 210, a large amount of power is consumed. In addition, when the reader 300 is installed in a nearby telephone BOX, telephone pole, etc., and the reader receives the radio wave of the tag 210, as shown in FIG. 16B, once / day or week or month. Although the transmission interval is long, considering the attenuation of radio waves, the transmission power for each transmission needs to be considerably larger than that in FIG. In any case, there is a problem that the size of the battery 230 needs to be increased because the power to be supplied is increased in order to transmit radio waves from the tag 210.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object thereof is to reduce wiring for collecting information in communication facilities and to drive a tag for transmitting information to the outside. An object of the present invention is to provide a communication facility information collecting system and a communication facility information collecting method capable of reducing the battery capacity.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a tag that is installed in a manhole, detects a situation information in the manhole, and transmits the situation information detected by the plurality of sensors at a first frequency. A sensor-attached tag, and situation information transmitted from the sensor-attached tag installed in the manhole, and the received situation information is transmitted at a second frequency different from the first frequency. A communication facility information collecting system, comprising: a transmission / reception tag that performs transmission and a reader that is mounted on a measurement vehicle and receives status information transmitted from the transmission / reception tag.

  In the present invention according to the above invention, the first frequency is a frequency at which propagation attenuation in water is small, and the second frequency has a longer propagation distance in the air than the first frequency. It is a frequency.

  The present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the transmission / reception tag is installed so as to be embedded in the ground outside the manhole.

  In the present invention, the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the readers are provided before and after the measurement vehicle.

  The present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the reader has a plurality of antennas having directivity provided before and after the measurement vehicle.

  According to the present invention, in the above invention, the plurality of sensors are grouped according to an arrangement place in a manhole, a plurality of the tags are installed for each group, and information from the plurality of sensors in the group is collected. The information is collected by wire and the collected status information is transmitted at a first frequency.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a plurality of sensors that are installed in a manhole and detects status information in the manhole, and status information that is installed in the manhole and detected by the plurality of sensors. A logger that collects and temporarily stores data, a tag that is installed in the manhole and transmits status information temporarily stored in the logger, and is installed in a communication facility in the vicinity outside the manhole, and the tag transmits A reader that receives situation information; and a server device that is installed outside the manhole and collects and stores the situation information received by the reader via a communication line installed in a communication facility. It is a communication facility information collection system.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a plurality of sensors that are installed in a manhole and detects status information in the manhole, and status information that is installed in the manhole and detected by the plurality of sensors. A tag that collects and transmits wirelessly, a reader that is built in a closure installed in the manhole, receives a status information that the tag transmits wirelessly, and a communication line that is laid in the manhole. Installed in a communication facility near the outside of the manhole and receiving a status information transmitted by the tag; and installed outside the manhole and installed in the communication facility the status information received by the reader. A communication facility information collecting system comprising: a server device that collects and accumulates via a communication line.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention includes a step of transmitting status information detected by a plurality of sensors installed in a manhole at a first frequency using a tag provided for each sensor, The transmission / reception tag installed in the manhole receives status information transmitted from the tag at the first frequency, and transmits the received status information at a second frequency different from the first frequency. A communication facility information collecting method comprising: a step, and a step of receiving status information transmitted at the second frequency from the transmission / reception tag by a reader mounted on a measurement vehicle.

  In the present invention according to the above invention, the first frequency is a frequency at which propagation attenuation in water is small, and the second frequency has a longer propagation distance in the air than the first frequency. It is a frequency.

  According to the present invention, the wiring for collecting information in the communication facility can be reduced, and the battery capacity for driving the tag for transmitting information to the outside can be kept small. In addition to these effects, the labor of working on the road with manholes can be saved.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the signal transmission between the tag 100 with a sensor, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 by this 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by the 1st modification of this 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the signal transmission between the tag 100 with a sensor, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 by the 1st modification of this 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by the 2nd modification of this 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by the 3rd modification of this 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the signal transmission between the tag 100 with a sensor, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 by the 2nd modification of this 1st Embodiment, and a 3rd modification. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by the 4th modification of this 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the block diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and the conceptual diagram for demonstrating the effect. In this 3rd Embodiment, it is a block diagram which shows the structure at the time of applying to a some manhole. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the equipment monitoring method in the manhole by a prior art. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the other equipment monitoring method in a manhole by a prior art. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the other equipment monitoring system in a manhole by a prior art. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the information collection system by a prior art. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the difference in the transmission power by the difference in the installation place of a reader | leader.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an information collection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. There is a manhole 400 that is a target for collecting information under the road (running lane) on which the automobile travels. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the manhole 400 has a cylindrical entrance and exit and a rectangular parallelepiped inside (the direction parallel to the lane is the longitudinal direction of the rectangular parallelepiped).

  In the manhole 400, a large number of devices 100 (hereinafter referred to as sensor-equipped tags 100) in which sensors and wireless tags are combined are arranged. In the illustrated example, the tag 100 with a sensor is arranged in the manhole 400 on the wall surface, floor surface, ceiling, etc. of the manhole 400. The sensor-equipped tag 100 detects states such as strain (inclination), temperature, pressure (water pressure), and the like on the wall surface of the manhole 400, for example.

  Each of the sensor-attached tags 100 transmits the detected sensor information to a tag 200 having a transmission / reception function installed in the manhole 400 (hereinafter referred to as a transmission / reception tag 200). Furthermore, the transmission / reception tag 200 transmits the sensor information to the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 traveling on the ground road by radio waves.

  The transmission / reception tag 200 collects sensor information by communicating with a plurality of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 with a low-frequency (131 KHz) radio signal that is difficult to attenuate in water. Furthermore, the transmission / reception tag 200 transmits sensor information collected at another frequency (426 MHz or 429 MHz) to the ground. Here, the wireless of 131KHz embodies a sensor network that crosses the walls of water, earth, and metal in compliance with IEEE1902.1-2009 (reference 1: RFID new standard IEEE1902.1-2009), which is the RFID (wireless tag) standard. <Http://www.epson.jp/device/application/rubee-090901.pdf>, Reference 2: Seiko Epson> Catalog Mall> RFID New Standard IEEE1902.1 Compliant Sensor Network, <http: // www .ipros.jp / ipros / contents / catalogDetail.do? prFileId = 25367>). On the other hand, the 426 MHz or 429 MHz radio is called a specific low power radio in Japan and can transmit data.

  The 131 KHz radio used in the manhole 400 is attenuated in water, but can be reached at a distance of about 5 m, and can sufficiently transmit sensor information to the transmission / reception tag 200 in the manhole 400. is there. Incidentally, the normal size of the manhole 400 is 3 to 5 m in the longitudinal direction, and the position where the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed is devised even if it is a special size (the transmission / reception tag 200 is arranged at the center position of the manhole 400). The radio from the tag with sensor 100 is reachable. Further, as the communication between the manhole 400 and the ground, for example, a specific low power radio of 1 mW 426 MHz can be considered. With the 426 MHz radio, even if radio waves are transmitted from the manhole, the radio waves can be received within a circle having a radius of about 7 to 8 m on the ground.

  As a result, sensor information can be collected and transmitted to the outside of the manhole 400 without wiring connecting the plurality of tags with sensors 100 and the transmission / reception tag 200.

  The sensor-equipped tag 100 includes a sensor 100-1, a control unit 100-2, a transmission unit 100-3, and a power supply unit 100-4. The sensor 100-1 acquires necessary information from each part of the manhole 400. Necessary information includes, for example, temperature, humidity, presence / absence of water immersion, pressure, strain, acceleration, inclination, and the like. Control part 100-2 controls operation of tag 100 with a sensor. Specifically, a tag ID (identification information) is added to the information obtained by the sensor 100-1 and sent to the transmission unit 100-3 to instruct transmission of a radio signal. The transmission unit 100-3 receives the information and instruction from the control unit 100-2 and transmits a radio signal. The power supply unit 100-4 supplies power for driving the sensor 100-1, the control unit 100-2, and the transmission unit 100-3.

  The transmission / reception tag 200 includes a reception unit 200-1, a control unit 200-2, a transmission unit 200-3, and a power supply unit 200-4. The receiving unit 200-1 receives the radio signal transmitted from the sensor-equipped tag 100 and passes it to the control unit 200-2. The control unit 200-2 accumulates information passed from the reception unit 200-1, evaluates and determines the information, and supplies the result and a transmission instruction to the transmission unit 200-3. The transmission unit 200-3 transmits the result of the information evaluation determination using a radio signal according to the instruction from the control unit 200-2. The power supply unit 200-4 supplies power to the above-described reception unit 200-1, control unit 200-2, and transmission unit 200-3 to operate.

  FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing signal transmission among the sensor-equipped tag 100, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 according to the first embodiment. In the manhole 400, a plurality of tags 100 with sensors are installed. A transmission / reception tag 200 is installed in the same manhole 400. The communication between the plurality of tags with sensors 100 and the transmission / reception tag 200 uses 131 KHz radio. For communication between the transmission / reception tag 200 and the reader 300, a specific low power radio of 10 mW 429 MHz or 1 mW 426 MHz is used.

  Here, paying attention to the wireless transmission of the individual tag 100 with sensor, after the transmission once, the next transmission is repeated after a certain time ts has elapsed. The time ts includes a fluctuation tr. Therefore, the reception of the transmission / reception tag 200 is assumed to be ts−tr / 2 to ts + tr / 2 when the wireless transmission from the tag with sensor 100 is received. At the timing in consideration of this point, the transmission / reception tag 200 does not need to operate the reception at all times unnecessarily by operating the reception function, and can receive appropriately.

  If reception fails at a certain timing, the next reception timing is set to ts−tr to ts + tr to increase the reception time. Furthermore, when the reception from the tag with sensor 100 fails twice or more times, the time for receiving ts−3 * tr / 2 to ts + 3 * tr / 2 is set as the time for receiving until then. Also, the setting of the same reception time (ts-3 * tr / 2 to ts + 3 * tr / 2) is repeated. Since the sensor-equipped tag 100 has a transmission timing fluctuation, the transmission / reception tag 200 can receive the fluctuation.

  Here, for example, it is assumed that the transmission interval ts of the sensor-attached tag 100 is 600 sec (interval of 10 minutes) and the fluctuation tr = 6 sec. The timing “ts−tr / 2 to ts + tr / 2” received next by the transmission / reception tag 200 described above is after 597 to 603 [sec]. If the transmission / reception tag 200 fails to receive once, the next reception timing “ts−tr to ts + tr” is after 594 to 606 [sec]. Further, when the signal cannot be received twice or more, the reception timing “ts−3 * tr / 2 to ts + 3 * tr / 2” is repeatedly received after 591 to 609 [sec].

  If the transmission / reception tag 200 fails to receive once or several times, the reception timing is changed from ts−tr / 2 to ts + tr / 2 to ts−tr to ts + tr and ts−3 * tr / 2 to 2 as described above. Although it changes in order to ts + 3 * tr / 2, if it can receive after that, the reception timing of the transmission / reception tag 200 will be returned to ts-tr / 2-ts + tr / 2.

  Further, it is assumed that the transmission time of the sensor-equipped tag 100 is set to 200 msec, and 60 such sensor-equipped tags 100 are installed in the manhole 400. Considering statistically, since the average transmission interval ts of the sensor-equipped tag 100 is 600 sec and the transmission time of one time is 200 msec, a maximum of 3000 (= 600 × 1000 [msec] / 200 [msec]) is obtained. It can be read by the reader 300.

  On the other hand, the receiving operation of the reader 300 is 200 msec with respect to one tag 100 with a sensor, but it is necessary to consider the fluctuation tr = 6 sec of the interval transmitted by the tag 100 with a sensor for the next receiving timing. is there. Therefore, the time for which the receiving operation is continued for one tag with sensor 100 is 3 sec = 6 sec / 2 on average.

  The time required for the receiving operation of the reader 300 is 0.3 = (6 [sec] / 2 ÷ 600 [sec]) × 60 [pieces], and an average of three-tenths of receiving operation is sufficient. Further, if the manhole 400 can be completed with ten tags 100 with sensors, the reception operation time of the reader 300 is set to 0.05 = (6 [sec] / 2 ÷ 600 [sec]) × 10 [pieces]. That is, it can be suppressed to 1/20.

  In addition, information collected at the closest timing is reflected in the information at the time of transmission. In other words, the result of reflecting the latest information for the number of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 is used. For this reason, when new information is received for a certain tag with sensor 100, the information of the tag with sensor 100 may be updated.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information collection system according to the first modification of the first embodiment. Although the configurations shown in FIGS. 3 and 1 are almost the same, the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed outside the manhole 400 in the first modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. A plurality of tags with sensors 100 are arranged in the manhole 400, and each sensor information is transmitted to the transmission / reception tag 200 installed outside the manhole 400.

  The transmission / reception tag 200 transmits the sensor information to the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 traveling on the ground road by radio waves. The transmission / reception tag 200 collects a plurality of sensor information from the plurality of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 as low-frequency (131 KHz) radio signals that are difficult to attenuate in water. (426 MHz or 429 MHz).

  In such a configuration and operation, the transmission / reception tag 200 is buried in the hole on the ground surface (outside the manhole 400), and the transmission distance in the air (distance from the transmission / reception tag 200 to the reader 300) is extended. However, the transmission interval for transmitting a certain transmission signal and the next transmission signal can be widened. Compared to the case where the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed in the manhole 400, if the road asphalt or soil is dug and installed so as to be buried in another place near the surface of the earth, the transmission / reception tag 200 is on the ground (in the air). The transmission distance increases. For example, if the radio signal of the transmission / reception tag 200 is 1 mW 426 MHz, generally, when placed on the ground surface, there is a transmission distance of several hundred meters over the air, so even when buried in a shallow place on the ground A transmission distance of about 50 m can be secured.

  FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing signal transmission among the sensor-equipped tag 100, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 according to the first modification of the first embodiment. With reference to FIG. 4, the effect when the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed outside the manhole 400 will be described. 4, the signal transmission among the sensor-equipped tag 100, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 shown in FIG.

  A plurality of tags with sensors 100 are installed in the manhole 400, and the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed outside the manhole 400. The communication between the tag with sensor 100 and the transmission / reception tag 200 uses 131 KHz, and the communication between the transmission / reception tag 200 and the reader 300 uses a specific low-power radio of 10 mW 429 MHz or 1 mW 426 MHz. 4 differs from FIG. 2 in that the place where the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed is outside the manhole 400, and as a result, the transmission distance from the transmission / reception tag 200 to the reader 300 can be increased.

  In FIG. 4, the range in which the signal transmitted from the transmission / reception tag 200 can be received is increased by the increased transmission distance, and the reader mounted on the traveling measurement vehicle 500 even if the time width that can be received by the reader 300 is the same. A situation in which the transmission of the transmission signal from the transmission / reception tag 200 by 300 is spread in terms of timing is created. Therefore, compared with FIG. 2, in FIG. 4, the transmission interval from the transmission / reception tag 200 can be expanded several times (in FIG. 4, the transmission of the transmission / reception tag 200 is only indicated by the solid hatching, and the broken line Do not send in the hatched area).

  For example, if the radio wave transmitted from the transmission / reception tag 200 is 1 mW 426 MHz, the transmission distance is increased from tens of meters to hundreds of tens of meters, so the transmission interval of the transmission / reception tag 200 (1 second interval in FIG. 2, reader at this interval) The traveling distance of the measuring vehicle 500 equipped with 300 can be made at least several times (interval of 3 seconds in FIG. 4 and the traveling distance of the measuring vehicle 500 is 50 m).

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information collection system according to the second modification of the first embodiment. The configurations shown in FIGS. 5 and 3 are almost the same, but in the second modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5, readers 300a and 300b having directional antennas before and after the measurement vehicle 500 are provided. It is installed. A plurality of tags with sensors 100 are arranged in the manhole 400, and each sensor information is transmitted to the transmission / reception tag 200 installed outside the manhole 400.

  The transmission / reception tag 200 transmits the sensor information to the readers 300a and 300b mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 traveling on the ground road by radio waves. The transmission / reception tag 200 collects a plurality of sensor information from the plurality of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 as low-frequency (131 KHz) radio signals that are difficult to attenuate in water. (426 MHz or 429 MHz).

  5 differs from FIG. 3 in that two readers 300a and 300b are arranged before and after the measurement vehicle 500, and the reader 300a installed on the front side of the measurement vehicle 500 has directivity in the forward direction. An antenna having a directivity on the rear side is attached to the reader 300b installed on the rear side of the measurement vehicle 500 with an antenna attached. An antenna with a specific directivity is generally capable of receiving a lower level in that direction than an omni antenna (an antenna having the same reception level in all directions). The distance can be increased several times.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the reception range in front of the measurement vehicle 500 is widened by the reader 300a installed on the front side of the measurement vehicle 500, and the reception range in the rear of the measurement vehicle 500 is widened by the rear reader 300b. It is done. Therefore, it is possible to secure a wide reception range with respect to the traveling direction of the measurement vehicle 500 by the two readers 300a and 300b. In the case shown in FIG. 5, the reception range in the direction in which the measurement vehicle 500 travels is several times as large as the case shown in FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an information collecting system according to a third modification of the first embodiment. The configurations shown in FIGS. 6 and 5 are almost the same, but in the third modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6, one reader 300 is installed in the measurement vehicle 500, and the measurement vehicle 500. Directional receiving antennas A1 and A2 are installed in front of and behind. A plurality of tags with sensors 100 are arranged in the manhole 400, and each sensor information is transmitted to the transmission / reception tag 200 installed outside the manhole 400.

  The transmission / reception tag 200 transmits the sensor information to the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 traveling on the ground road by radio waves. The transmission / reception tag 200 collects a plurality of sensor information from the plurality of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 as low-frequency (131 KHz) radio signals that are difficult to attenuate in water. (426 MHz or 429 MHz).

  6 is different from FIG. 5 in that only one reader 300 is mounted on the measurement vehicle 500. The signals of the two directional antennas A 1 and A 2 mounted before and after the measurement vehicle 500 are transmitted to one reader 300. The reader 300 performs diversity reception in which received signals from the two directional antennas A1 and A2 are combined or a higher level received signal is selected. By doing so, in the case of FIG. 6, there is one reader 300, but a sufficiently wide reception range can be ensured as in FIG. For example, when the wireless signal transmitted by the transmission / reception tag 200 is 1 mW 426 MHz, the distance is hundreds of tens of meters with respect to the traveling direction.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating signal transmission among the tag with sensor 100, the transmission / reception tag 200, and the reader 300 according to the second modification and the third modification of the first embodiment. With reference to FIG. 7, the effect of mounting the two readers 300a and 300b or the antennas A1 and A2 on the vehicle according to the second modification and the third modification of the first embodiment described above will be described. . 7 is almost the same as the “effect of installing the transmission / reception tag outside the manhole” described with reference to FIG.

  A plurality of tags with sensors 100 are installed in the manhole 400, and the transmission / reception tag 200 is installed outside the manhole 400. The communication between the tag with sensor 100 and the transmission / reception tag 200 uses 131 KHz, and the communication between the transmission / reception tag 200 and the reader 300 uses a specific low-power radio of 10 mW 429 MHz or 1 mW 426 MHz.

  7 differs from FIG. 4 in that there are two readers 300 (300a, 300b) or antennas connected to the reader 300 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, it depends on whether there are two (A1, A2). For this reason, in FIG. 7, the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500 becomes the reception on the front side (reader 300a / antenna A1) and the reception on the rear side (reader 300b / antenna A2). Signals can be received by both or one of them.

  7 makes it possible to further widen the transmission interval from the transmission / reception tag 200 in FIG. 7 compared to FIG. 4 (in FIG. 7, only the portions where transmission of the transmission / reception tag 200 is indicated by solid line hatching). Thus, the number of transmissions can be reduced from the number of transmissions shown in FIG.

  For example, if the radio wave transmitted from the transmission / reception tag 200 is 1 mW 426 MHz, the transmission distance is increased from hundreds of tens of meters to several hundreds of meters, so the transmission interval of the transmission / reception tag 200 (when the interval is 3 seconds in FIG. The travel distance of the measurement vehicle 500 at that time can be 50 m) at least several times (12 seconds interval in FIG. 7 and the travel distance of the measurement vehicle 500 is 200 m).

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information collection system according to the fourth modification of the first embodiment. In the fourth modified example of the first embodiment, a plurality of sensors 110 installed in the manhole 400 are grouped according to their arrangement locations, and information from the sensors 110 is received by the tags 100 installed for each group. Collect by wire.

  In the above-described prior art, as shown in FIG. 15, when all of the plurality of sensors 110 are connected by wire, this wiring becomes an obstacle in work in the manhole 400. On the other hand, in the information collection according to the first embodiment described so far (FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 6), information from the plurality of sensor-equipped tags 100 installed in the manhole 400 is temporarily transmitted by radio. Collected in the transmission / reception tag 200. Here, when a plurality of tags with sensors 100 transmit information by radio waves, there is a possibility that a plurality of radio waves collide. For this reason, on the receiving side (usually the reader 300, but in the example so far, the transmission / reception tag 200), the transmission information from the plurality of tags with sensors 100 cannot be received due to the collision of the radio waves.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of sensors 110 are divided into several groups, and information is collected by wire using the tags 100 installed for each group, and then the information is transmitted to the reader 300 by radio waves. As described above, by collecting information from the plurality of sensors 110 by wire for each group, it is possible to avoid the above-described collision of radio waves as much as possible and to increase the probability of being received by the transmission / reception tag 200.

  Further, in the work in the manhole 400, for example, the sensors 110 are grouped as shown in FIG. 8, that is, attached to the left side wall of the manhole 400 so that the wiring for collecting information from the plurality of sensors 110 does not get in the way. A plurality of sensors 110, a plurality of sensors 110 on the right side wall, and a number of sensors 110 at other locations are divided into three groups. Since each group is grouped into the left and right side surfaces and other locations, information collection wiring does not have to be a major obstacle. How to group this group and how many to divide into groups, how much to avoid collisions due to radio signals to collect sensor information, and the wiring to collect sensor information for work, It can be changed into various forms depending on how much it is not disturbed.

  According to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the information acquired with the tag 100 with a sensor is transmitted to the transmission / reception tag 200 installed in the manhole 400 using the low frequency with little attenuation by propagation in water, and the transmission / reception tag 200 Since the sensor information received in (1) is transmitted by a radio wave having a different frequency (having a long propagation distance in the air) and received by the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500, the information is collected in the manhole 400. Wiring can be eliminated.

  In addition, by embedding a transmission / reception tag 200 provided separately from the sensor-equipped tag 100 near another ground outside the manhole 400, or by mounting a reader 300 or antennas A1 and A2 around the measurement vehicle 500, The reception range can be extended on the ground, and the receivable distance of the traveling measurement vehicle 500 can be increased. As a result, the transmission interval of the transmission / reception tag 200 can be increased, driving power can be saved, and the battery life can be extended. Can do.

B. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information collection system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, a plurality of sensors (such as strain sensors) 110 are installed in a manhole 400, and the plurality of sensors (such as strain sensors) 110 collects detected information and temporarily stores them. 220 is connected by wire. The logger 220 operates with power from the battery 230, collects information from a plurality of sensors (such as strain sensors) 110, and temporarily accumulates the information. A tag 210 is connected to the logger 220. The tag 210 wirelessly transmits information once stored in the logger 220.

  The public telephone BOX 510 is provided with a reader 300 and receives information transmitted from the tag 210. The reader 300 is connected to a server 600 installed in a station building 700 via a communication line 420 that extends around a utility pole 520 or the like. The server 600 converts the information received by the reader 300 into a database (DB) and periodically updates and accumulates it.

  Instead of installing the reader 300 on the public telephone BOX 510, it is also conceivable to install the reader 300 on the MDA BOX. The MDA BOX is a box that houses a maximum demand ammeter.

  In order to secure a power source for driving the reader 300 installed in the public telephone BOX 510, it is conceivable to install a solar battery 515 on the roof of the public telephone BOX 510. As described above, it is sufficient for the reader 300 installed in the public telephone box BOX 510 to operate once a day (daytime), and may be operated once a week. Accordingly, the reader 300 may be driven by the power supplied from the solar battery 515.

  As described in the above-described prior art, FIG. 16A shows the transmission power when the radio wave of the tag 210 is received by the reader 300 mounted on the measurement vehicle 500, and FIG. Shows the transmission power when the radio wave of the tag 210 is received by the public telephone BOX 510 or the reader 300 installed on the utility pole 520.

  In FIG. 16A, the radio wave of the tag 210 must be transmitted while the measuring vehicle equipped with the reader 300 travels and passes through the manhole 400. For this reason, the tag 210 repeatedly transmits in a short time. For example, if it is assumed that the speed of the traveling vehicle-measuring vehicle 500 is 60 km / h, the speed of the second is 16.6 m / s, and the radio wave transmitted from the tag 210 reaches the distance for that distance. The tag 210 needs to be transmitted.

  On the other hand, when the reader 300 is installed on the public telephone BOX 510 or the utility pole 520 shown in FIG. 16B, the reader 300 is fixedly installed within the range where the radio waves of the tag 210 can reach. There is no need for the tag 210 to transmit repeatedly in a short time as in the case of traveling. For example, even a transmission once a day, once a week, or once a month can be reliably received by the public telephone BOX 510 or the reader 300 installed on the utility pole 520.

  If a reception operation such as once in a period longer than one day is performed, as described above, a solar cell 515 or the like can be used as the operation power source of the reader 300. Even if the weather on a certain day is bad and the receiving operation cannot be performed by the solar battery 515, as will be described later, when checking the information of the manhole 400, it is only necessary to look at the separately accumulated information. It is only necessary that the reception operation can be performed (on a day with another fine weather).

  As described above, the periodically received information is sent to the station 700 through the communication cable. If you want to check the information of the required manhole 400, the information is regularly updated and stored in the database (DB) of the server 600 installed in the station 700, so check by accessing the DB. Can be done.

  Also, as an operation on the tag 210 side installed in the manhole 400, it is only necessary to perform a transmission operation once in a period longer than one day, and only a minimum clock function (timer) is operated during that period. The power required for this timer (several μA in current) is negligible compared to the transmission function (several hundred mA). As a result, the power for driving the tag 210, that is, the capacity of the battery 230 can be reduced from 1/10000 to 1 / 1,000,000 or less (mainly from the reduction ratio of the operation time of the transmission function). Of course, the radio wave of the tag 210 needs to reach the public telephone BOX 510 where the reader 300 is fixedly installed. For example, if the transmission output of the tag 210 is 1 mW 426 MHz as described above, the radio wave reaches from the manhole 400 to a distance of 7 to 8 m on the ground. It would be good if you could install. In general, since the road lane is 4 to 5 m, the public telephone BOX 510 existing on the sidewalk can be reached from the center of the road at a distance of 7 to 8 m. On the other hand, the tag 210 that transmits the 1 mW 426 MHz radio wave is driven for several years (a period that easily exceeds five years) even if a single transmission is performed once a day, even if a small dry cell is used. Is possible.

  According to the second embodiment described above, the sensor 110 that detects information in the manhole 400 and the information detected by the sensor 110 are temporarily stored in the logger 220 in the manhole 400 and exist near the manhole 400. When the user confirms the sensor information received by the public telephone BOX 510 or the reader 300 installed in the utility pole 520 and stored in the server 600 installed in the office building 700, the information stored in the server 600 is accessed. Therefore, the power capacity consumed by the tag 210 can be suppressed, and it can be driven by a small battery to maintain a long life. In addition, it is not necessary to open the iron lid of the manhole 400 or provide traffic restrictions on the road, and the inspection and inspection of the manhole 400 can be performed more easily.

C. Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 10A is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information collection system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 10B and 10C are conceptual diagrams for explaining the effects. The third embodiment is characterized in that the reader 300 is built in the closure 410 installed in the manhole 400. As shown in FIG. 10A, a plurality of sensors (strain sensors) 110 are installed in the manhole 400, and information from the plurality of sensors 110 is also installed in the manhole 400. Collect by 210. The tag 210 transmits the collected sensor information to the reader 300 built in the closure 410. The reader 300 is connected to a communication line (telephone line or optical fiber) 420 drawn into the closure 410, and transmits sensor information to a communication station 700 (not shown).

  Here, the above-described tag 210 has a built-in battery and may be an active tag that operates with the power of the battery, or operates with power supplied from the reader 300 without mounting the battery. A passive tag may be used. In the case of a passive type tag, if the tag 210 is installed at a position close to the closure 410, the information signal corresponding to the thickness of the container of the closure 410 can be suppressed to an attenuation level, and the reader 300 can acquire the information signal. can do. On the other hand, when an active tag is used, the tag 210 may be installed away from the closure 410 or at any position in the manhole 400. The reader 300 installed in the closure 410 Information can be acquired.

  Instead of the tag 210 and the reader 300, a radio transmitter and a ROF (Radio on Fiber: optical radio, microwave photonics) can be used.

  The graph shown in FIG. 10B shows the radio wave intensity at each location when the closure 410 is in the manhole 400 for communication equipment and the reader 300 is built in the closure 410. The horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 10B indicates the distance (location) from the tag 210, and the distance from the tag 210 to the reader 300 is shown. The vertical axis represents the radio wave intensity transmitted from the tag 210 for each location. The radio wave transmitted from the tag 210 passes through the water accumulated in the manhole 400 to the closure 410 while attenuating the radio wave intensity. Subsequently, since the inside of the closure 410 is filled with air, the way of attenuation is weaker than in water, but the radio wave reaches the reader 300 in the closure 410 while slightly reducing the radio wave intensity.

  On the other hand, in the graph shown in FIG. 10C, in the situation where the tag 210 is in the manhole 400 and the reader 300 is on the ground, the radio wave intensity from the tag 210 installed in the manhole 400 reaches the reader 300. It shows how it decays. Also in the graph illustrated in FIG. 10C, the horizontal axis indicates the distance (location) from the tag 210, and the distance from the tag 210 to the reader 300 is illustrated. The vertical axis represents the radio wave intensity transmitted from the tag 210 for each location.

  Also in this case, the radio wave transmitted from the tag 210 passes through the water accumulated in the manhole 400 while attenuating the radio wave intensity. Subsequently, the radio wave reaching the ceiling or wall of the manhole 400 passes through the ground to the ground surface. Underground, the attenuation of radio field intensity is not as great as underwater, but the attenuation is greater than in the air.

  The radio wave that reaches the ground further passes through the air to the reader 300. As described above, the radio wave transmitted from the tag 210 passes underwater in the manhole 400, passes through the ground from the ceiling or wall of the manhole 400 to the ground, and passes through the air from the ground to the reader 300. Each radio wave intensity is attenuated when the radio wave passes through the water, the ground, and the air.

  Here, when the case where the reader 300 is built in the closure 410 shown in FIG. 10B and the case where the reader 300 is on the ground shown in FIG. 10C are compared, as shown in FIG. 10B. In addition, when the reader 410 is built in the closure 410, radio wave attenuation is reduced.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration when applied to a plurality of manholes in the third embodiment. In FIG. 11, a plurality of sensors 110 and a logger 220 built in a closure 410 in a manhole 400 are connected by wire, and a communication cable is used to obtain data from the logger 220 to the station 700 using a plurality of sensors 110. The information is temporarily stored in the logger 220 and transmitted to the server 600 installed in the station building 700.

  As shown in FIG. 11, there are a plurality of manholes (M1) 400-1,..., (Mn-1) 400- (n-1), (Mn) 400-n, and these manholes 400-1 to 400-n. The information from the sensors 110, 110,... installed in each of n is temporarily stored in the logger 220 installed in the closure 410 of the manhole (Mn) 400-n. Thereafter, the aggregated information is transmitted from the logger 220 to the server 600 installed in the station 700 and stored. As described above, when information is transmitted from the closure 410 to the station 700 and information from several manholes 400 is once aggregated and then transmitted to the station 700, the transmission frequency to the station 700 is suppressed. Can do.

  According to the third embodiment described above, the information detected by the sensor 110 installed in the manhole 400 is transmitted to the tag 210 by wire, and the information transmitted wirelessly from the tag 210 is stored in the closure 410. Since the information received by the reader 300 and received by the reader 300 is transmitted to the station 700 through the communication line 420 passing through the closure 410, radio wave attenuation can be reduced and transmission power can be reduced. be able to.

  It becomes possible to easily obtain target information from outside the manhole on the ground for maintenance inspections and inspection work that require work in the manhole. Further, the information in the manhole can be obtained from the traveling measurement vehicle 500, and the inspection information of the manhole 400 can be acquired when going out in another business such as sales activities.

  Alternatively, information in the manhole is received wirelessly by a nearby telephone BOX 510, telephone pole 520 or closure 410 in the manhole, and the received information is stored in the server 600 in the office building 700. If you access, you can always check the situation in the manhole. By using either of these methods, the frequency of periodic inspections can be greatly increased, and even more detailed inspection items that require follow-up on maintenance objects in the manhole. Confirmation can be grasped.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Tag with sensor 110 Sensor, strain sensor 200 Transmission / reception tag 210 Tag 220 Logger 230 Battery 300, 300a, 300b Reader 400 Manhole 410 Closure 420 Communication line 500 Measuring vehicle 510 Public telephone BOX
515 Solar cell 520 Utility pole 600 Server 700 Station

Claims (6)

A tag with a sensor that is installed in a manhole and includes a plurality of sensors that detect situation information in the manhole and a tag that transmits the situation information detected by the plurality of sensors at a first frequency;
A transmission / reception tag installed in the manhole, receiving status information transmitted from the sensor-attached tag, and transmitting the received status information at a second frequency different from the first frequency;
A reader mounted on a vehicle for measurement and receiving status information transmitted from the transmission / reception tag ;
The first frequency is a frequency whose propagation attenuation in water is small compared to the second frequency,
The second frequency is a frequency having a longer propagation distance in the air than the first frequency,
The transmission / reception tag operates the reception function only for the fluctuation time of the period for each period in which the sensor-attached tag transmits the status information, and when reception fails, the reception is performed at the next reception, at the previous reception. The communication facility information collecting system , wherein the reception function is operated for a time longer than a time when the function is operated . The transmission / reception tag is installed to be embedded in the ground outside the manhole.
The communication facility information collection system according to claim 1 . A plurality of the readers are provided before and after the measurement vehicle,
The communication facility information collection system according to claim 2 , wherein The reader has a plurality of antennas having directivity provided before and after the measurement vehicle.
The communication facility information collection system according to claim 3 . The plurality of sensors are grouped according to an arrangement place in a manhole,
A plurality of the tags are installed for each group, collect information from a plurality of sensors in the group in a wired manner, and transmit the collected status information at a first frequency.
The communication facility information collection system according to claim 1 . A tag with a sensor that is installed in a manhole and includes a plurality of sensors that detect situation information in the manhole and a tag that transmits the situation information detected by the plurality of sensors at a first frequency ;
A transmission / reception tag installed in the manhole, receiving status information transmitted from the sensor-attached tag, and transmitting the received status information at a second frequency different from the first frequency ;
It is mounted on the measuring vehicle, and the reader for receiving status information transmitted from the transceiver tags
A communication facility information collection method performed by a communication facility information collection system comprising:
The first frequency is a frequency whose propagation attenuation in water is small compared to the second frequency,
The second frequency is a frequency having a longer propagation distance in the air than the first frequency,
The transmission / reception tag operates the reception function only for the fluctuation time of the period for each period in which the sensor-attached tag transmits the status information, and when reception fails, the reception is performed at the next reception, at the previous reception. A communication facility information collecting method , wherein the reception function is operated for a time longer than a time when the function is operated .

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