JP5429548B2 - Farm work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a farm vehicle for traveling in a field and performing farming operations such as sowing, transplanting, crop management, and harvesting on the field.

  As a conventional technique of this type of farm work vehicle, an agricultural planting machine described in Patent Document 1 is exemplified. In this agricultural planting machine 100, as shown in FIG. 12, a planter W sits on a cart 101 that travels across a fence U to plant, and the planter W moves in the traveling direction. It is configured to plant a plurality of rows of rows by sitting sideways orthogonal to the other. As shown in the figure, the planter W works in a forward bent or forward tilted posture. As background art of this type of carriage, there are those described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, both of which are configured so that an operator works in a forward-bent or forward-tilted posture.

  Moreover, the mechanism described in Patent Document 1 is exemplified as a conventional technique for automatically maneuvering the vehicle body so that the farm vehicle automatically travels following the kite. This mechanism consists of a pair of left and right guide wheels 102 pressed against the left and right shoulders of the heel. A mechanism similar to this is also provided in the cart of Patent Document 3.

  Moreover, although it is not an agricultural work vehicle, in a farm field without a wrinkle, what was described in patent documents 4 and 5 is illustrated as a transplanter which makes a body run according to the guide groove formed in the farm field. In these transplanters 110, as shown in FIG. 13, a groove forming device 112 for forming a guide groove M on the surface of the field in parallel with the traveling direction of the airframe 111, and a guide grooved in the previous step. And a guide device 114 that guides the traveling direction of the machine body 111 along the groove M. The grooving device 112 includes an abacus bead-shaped grooving wheel 113 that rolls on the side of the machine body as the machine body 111 advances and presses the surface of the field. The guide device 114 includes a steering arm projecting forward from the airframe 111, 115, and an abacus ball-shaped guide wheel 116 rotatably supported at the tip of the steering arm 115. The steering arm 115 is made to follow and the front wheel 117 is steered. Further, as in Patent Document 6, there is a configuration in which the guide groove is formed by a machine different from the transplanter.

JP-A-9-289806 JP 2002-360034 A JP 2004-267069 A JP 2003-164202 A JP 2004-81050 A JP 2004-159527 A

  However, for example, in the conventional carts described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, in the case of a farm field in which the ridge U is not formed, the field surface of the work target is relatively low with respect to the riding part of the cart. There is a problem that the person W must work in a very cramped posture that is deeply bent forward or inclined forward, and the work load is large.

  Further, the conventional cart has a problem that it cannot be automatically operated unless a ridge is formed. As a technique of automatic control in a farm field in which no ridges are formed, there is a configuration of Patent Documents 4 to 6 in a transplanter, but when this is adopted for a farm work vehicle, the steering arm 115 protrudes long in front of the aircraft, There is a problem that the overall length of the airframe becomes long, and the utilization efficiency deteriorates in a small-area field.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the agricultural work vehicle of the first invention is
The vehicle body frame is supported by a traveling means so as to be able to travel freely, and the vehicle body frame is equipped with a space portion that communicates with the surface of the field and a riding portion that is disposed adjacent to the space portion and on which an operator rides. An agricultural farm vehicle,
The riding section is a posture in which an operator tilts the upper body to the rear or lays the upper body, and the left or right hand is kept in the posture through the space portion in the field. Rutotomoni is riding configured to be able to position to reach the surface, the operator is configured to be transverse to the traveling direction of the body frame.

  According to this configuration, the operator can get on and work in a posture in which the upper body is inclined rearward or a posture in which the upper body is laid down. However, it is possible for the worker to work with the one hand reaching a low place in a comfortable posture.

Also , in a posture in which the operator tilts the upper body backward or lays the upper body, the operator can look back and forth in the traveling direction of the machine frame or look at the surface of the field simply by shaking the neck to the left or right. be able to.

As the agricultural work vehicle of the second invention, in the first invention,
The travel means includes an abacus-shaped front wheel that rolls following a guide groove having a substantially V-shaped cross section formed in advance on the surface of the field, and a pair of rear wheels that roll on both sides of the guide groove. Prepared,
The said boarding part illustrates the aspect provided in the vicinity of the said rear wheel.

  According to this structure, since the front wheel rolls following the guide groove, the body frame advances following the guide groove, so that the body frame is automatically moved even when no ridges are formed on the field. You can steer. Also, unlike the autopilot configuration (the abacus bead guide wheel, steering arm and front wheel) used in conventional transplanters, the front wheel itself is formed into an abacus bead, so the structure is simple, The front wheel side can be configured to be relatively light. And since the said boarding part is provided in the vicinity of the said rear wheel, the load of the rear-wheel side can be enlarged rather than the front-wheel side. The guide groove is formed in a soft field scene plowed by a tractor, so if the load on the front wheel side is large, the front wheel will crush the guide groove and will not follow the guide groove and cannot be operated automatically. However, according to this structure, the followability of the guide groove by the front wheel can be provided.

As the agricultural work vehicle of the third invention, in the second invention,
The space part illustrates the aspect comprised so that it might lead to the said guide groove.

  According to this configuration, the guide groove can also be used as a planting groove by planting a bulb, seedling or seed in the guide groove.

As the agricultural work vehicle of the fourth invention, in the third invention,
By rolling on the field with the advance of the airframe, in front of the space portion in the advancing direction of the airframe, a predetermined length direction of the guide groove is provided at or near the guide groove. The aspect provided with the gauge ring | wheel which forms a mark for every space | interval is illustrated.

  According to this configuration, the bulbs, seedlings, or seeds can be planted at predetermined intervals in the guide groove, relying on the mark.

As the agricultural work vehicle of the fifth invention, in the fourth invention,
The pair of rear wheels is configured to roll on both sides of a set of guide groove sets including N parallel guide grooves (N is an integer of 2 or more), and the space portion includes It is configured to communicate with the guide groove set,
The gauge wheel forms the mark at predetermined intervals L in the length direction of the guide groove at or near each guide groove in the guide groove set, and the guide on one side of the guide groove set. An example is shown in which the phase of the mark is shifted by L / N from the groove toward the next adjacent guide groove.

  According to this configuration, when performing planting work of bulbs, seedlings, or seeds at predetermined intervals in each guide groove of the guide groove set, an operator can move the guide groove with respect to each guide groove. Work can be done sequentially without difficulty.

  The mark may be created in advance together with the guide groove. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the gauge wheel on the agricultural work vehicle of the present invention.

As a farm vehicle of the sixth invention, in the fourth or fifth invention,
The gauge wheel exemplifies a mode equipped to roll on a farm field in front of or behind the front wheel.

Also with this configuration, the same effects as those of the fourth or fifth invention can be obtained.

As a farm work vehicle of 7th invention, in the 4th or 5th invention,
The airframe includes a shaft disposed in front of the space portion in the airframe frame and extending in the left-right direction of the airframe, and an arm having a base end portion pivotally supported by the shaft. Is pivotally supported,
When the arm is tilted to the front side of the body frame, the gauge wheel is positioned in front of the front wheel and rolls on the field, and when the arm is tilted to the rear side of the body frame, the gauge ring is The aspect comprised so that it might be in the storage state stored in a space part is illustrated.

  According to this structure, the occupied space at the time of storage of this agricultural work vehicle and transportation can be made small by making the said gauge wheel into the said storage state.

As an agricultural work vehicle of the eighth invention, in any one of the first to seventh inventions,
The aspect in which the tray which mounts the object used for the operation | work performed with respect to an agricultural field is provided in the place adjacent to the said space part is illustrated.

  According to this configuration, for example, when planting bulbs, seedlings or seeds, if the planting objects are put together in a tray in advance, the work can be performed with only one hand (see the first invention), and work efficiency Is good. If a bulb or the like supplied with the other hand is to be planted with the one hand, it is necessary to take an unreasonable posture with the body twisted toward the one hand, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency.

As a farm vehicle of the ninth invention, in any one of the first to eighth inventions,
The aspect provided with the drive means which drives the said rear wheel is illustrated.

  According to this configuration, since it is not necessary for the worker to advance the machine body manually, the burden on the worker can be reduced. When the driving means is provided in the vicinity of the rear wheel, the load on the rear wheel side can be further increased, and the followability of the guide groove by the front wheel can be further improved.

As a farm work vehicle of the tenth invention, in any one of the first to ninth inventions,
The riding section is an attitude in which an operator tilts the upper body forward instead of the tilted position or the laid position, and both hands are held in the posture through the space portion. The aspect comprised so that boarding is possible also in the position which can reach the surface of a farm field is illustrated.

  According to this configuration, the operator can get on and work in a posture in which the upper body is inclined forward, so that both hands can reach the surface of the field and work speed can be improved. Can be made.

  According to the farm work vehicle concerning the present invention, there is an excellent effect that an operator can work in an easy posture even on the surface of a farm field where no ridges are formed.

It is a top view of the agricultural work vehicle concerning one embodiment which materialized the present invention. It is a side view of the agricultural work vehicle. It is a front view of the farm work vehicle. It is a figure which shows the groove producing device which creates the guide groove for guiding the farm work vehicle, (a) is a top view, (b) has shown the side view, respectively. It is a side view which shows a mode when turning the agricultural work vehicle. It is a top view of the farm work vehicle in the state where the worker got in a forward leaning posture. It is a side view of the agricultural work vehicle in the same state. It is a front view of the agricultural work vehicle in the same state. It is a top view of the farm vehicle (gauge wheel is in use state) concerning the example of change. It is a top view of an agricultural work vehicle (gauge wheel is in a retracted state) according to a modified example. It is a side view of the agricultural work vehicle which concerns on the example of a change. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the agricultural planting machine as a prior art. It is a top view which shows the transplanter as a prior art.

  1 to 11 show an embodiment embodying the present invention. The agricultural work vehicle 1 of the present invention straddles a guide groove set MS composed of a plurality of guide grooves M (three in this example, N = 3 in this example) formed in advance on the surface of a farm field, and follows the guide groove set MS. The vehicle body frame 2 is provided so as to automatically travel (steer) and is supported by the traveling means 3 so that the vehicle body 2 can travel freely. 4, a space portion 5 that communicates with the surface of the field, a riding portion 6 that is disposed adjacent to the space portion 5 and on which an operator W rides, and a driving means 7 that drives the traveling means 3. Yes. In this example, the case where the worker W will plant the bulb B in the field will be described. In each figure, the arrow F indicates the front side of the aircraft.

  Each guide groove M constituting the guide groove set MS is formed in a substantially V-shaped cross section. For example, the guide groove M is formed in advance in the field by a groove producing device 10 pulled by a tractor (not shown) as shown in FIG. The groove forming device 10 is provided on a frame 11 with three wheel forming wheels 12 arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the tractor, and behind the groove forming wheel 12. A gauge wheel 13 is provided. Each grooved ring 12 is rotatably supported by the frame 11 and rolls on the field as the tractor advances to form three guide grooves M on the surface of the field. It is configured. The gauge wheel 13 forms a mark S at each predetermined interval L in the length direction of each guide groove M or in the vicinity thereof, and includes a plurality of linear strips 13a extending in the circumferential width direction. It consists of a columnar frame, and the line strip 13a forms a line trace A that intersects the guide groove M. In this example, a virtual intersection of the center of the guide groove M and the line trace A (location indicated by x in FIG. 4) is the mark S. A rotating shaft 14 of the gauge wheel 13 is supported by a swing arm 15 so as to be swingable up and down with respect to the frame 11. Thereby, the gauge ring | wheel 13 is comprised so that it may track up and down following the surface of an agricultural field independently of the groove ring 12. FIG. The wire strip 13a is attached so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the gauge ring 13, and starts from a guide groove M on one side (right side in this example) in the guide groove set MS, and then sequentially guides M The phase of the mark S is shifted by L / 3 as it becomes. Due to this phase shift, the worker W can plant the bulb B smoothly in the order of the mark S of the right guide groove M, the mark S of the center guide groove M, and the mark S of the left guide groove M. it can.

  About the gauge ring | wheel 13, it may replace with equip | installing with the groove production apparatus 10, and may be made to equip with the agricultural work vehicle 1, and as shown by the dashed-two dotted line in FIGS. Exemplified to equip forward. A rotating shaft 14 of the gauge wheel 13 is supported by a swing arm 15 so as to be swingable up and down with respect to the body frame 2. Thereby, the gauge ring | wheel 13 is comprised so that it may track up and down following the surface of a farm field independently of the front wheel 21. FIG. In this example, the gauge wheel 13 is equipped to roll on the field behind the front wheel 21, but it can also be equipped in front of the front wheel 21.

  In addition, the gauge wheel 13 may be configured as a modification shown in FIGS. In this modified example, a shaft 21a (in this example, a shaft 21a that supports the front wheel 21) that extends in the left-right direction of the body frame disposed in front of the space 5 in the body frame 2 is used. A swing arm 15 whose base end is pivotally supported by 21a is provided, and a gauge ring 13 is pivotally supported at the distal end of the swing arm 15 so as to be rotatable. Then, when the swing arm 15 is tilted to the front side of the body frame, the gauge wheel 13 is positioned in front of the front wheel 21 and enters a use state T1 where it rolls on the field, and the swing arm 15 is tilted to the rear side of the body frame. Then, the gauge ring 13 is configured to be in a stored state T2 stored in the space.

  The body frame 2 is formed in a substantially ladder shape in a plan view, and a pair of grips 25 that are used when the body is towed or turned are projected forward at both ends of the front end portion.

  The traveling means 3 is arranged at the front end of the machine body frame 2 and is a three-wheeled abacus-shaped front wheel that rolls following a guide groove set MS composed of three guide grooves M formed in advance on the surface of the field. 21 and a pair of rear wheels 22 which are disposed at the rear end of the body frame 2 and roll on both sides of the guide groove set MS. Each rear wheel 22 is configured to be driven by the driving means 7 and is connected to the driving means 7 via a one-way clutch 22a built in the boss portion so that it can be arbitrarily pulled to the front of the body frame 2. Yes. In this example, the drive unit 7 is configured using the electric motor 7a and the battery 7b, but an engine or the like may be used.

  The space part 5 is provided in front of the riding part 6 in the body frame 2 and is configured to communicate with the guide groove set MS. In a place adjacent to the space portion 5, a tray 16 is provided on which objects used for work performed on the farm field are placed. The tray 16 is supported so as to be able to swing up and down via a pair of swinging arms 16 a extending in the traveling direction of the machine body frame 2 so that the tray 16 moves up and down following the surface of the field.

  The riding section 6 is equipped with a reclining seat 17 that is adjustable so that an operator can sit to the left with respect to the traveling direction of the body frame 2, and the traveling direction is slightly greater than the front of the reclining seat 17. And a footrest 18 projecting sideways from the body frame 2. Thereby, this riding part 6 is the attitude | position which the worker W inclined the upper body to the back (or the attitude which made the upper body lay down), Comprising: Either right hand H1 (this book In the example, it is configured to be able to get on a position where the right hand) can reach the surface of the farm field via the space portion 5, and the worker W is configured to be transverse to the traveling direction of the machine body frame 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the riding part 6 of this example is a posture in which the operator W is seated in the traveling direction of the machine body frame 2 and the upper body is inclined forward. It is configured to be able to get on the position where both hands H1 and H2 can reach the surface of the field through the space portion 5 while keeping the posture. At this time, if the backrest of the reclining seat 17 is tilted as far back as possible, the operator W can easily be seated. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the reclining seat 17 is mounted on the machine body frame 2 so that the orientation of the reclining seat 17 can be changed, and the orientation of the reclining seat 17 is changed according to the seating direction of the operator W.

  According to the farm work vehicle 1 of the present example configured as described above, the worker W can get on and work in a posture in which the upper body is inclined rearward, so that the farm field in which no wrinkles are formed. Also, the operator W can work with one hand H1 reaching a low position in a comfortable posture.

  In addition, the riding section 6 is configured such that the worker W is oriented laterally with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body frame 2, so that the neck of the riding body 6 is left and right when the worker W tilts the upper body backward. By simply shaking, it is possible to see the front and rear of the machine body frame 2 in the traveling direction and the surface of the field.

  The traveling means 3 includes a front wheel 21 having a abacus bead shape that rolls following a guide groove M having a substantially V-shaped cross section formed in advance on the surface of the field, and a pair that rolls on both sides of the guide groove M. Since the rear portion 22 is provided and the riding section 6 is provided in the vicinity of the rear wheel 22, the body frame 2 can be automatically steered even when no straw is formed on the farm field. In addition, unlike the structure of automatic control (advanced abacus guide wheel, steering arm, and front wheel) used in conventional transplanters, the front wheel 21 itself is formed into an abacus bead, so the structure is simple. It can be configured to be relatively lightweight. And since the riding part 6 is provided in the vicinity of the rear wheel 22, the load on the rear wheel side can be made larger than the front wheel side. Since the guide groove M is formed in a soft field scene cultivated by a tractor, if the load on the front wheel side is large, the front wheel 21 can crushed the guide groove M and automatically control without following the guide groove M. However, according to this configuration, the followability of the guide groove M by the front wheel 21 can be provided.

  Further, since the space portion 5 is configured to communicate with the guide groove M, the guide groove M can also be used as a planting groove by planting the bulb B in the guide groove M.

  Further, by rolling on the field as the airframe frame 2 moves in front of the space portion 5 in the direction of travel, the length of the guide groove M is increased in the guide groove M or in the vicinity thereof. If it comprises so that the gauge ring | wheel 13 which forms the mark S for every predetermined space | interval L to the horizontal direction may be provided, the planting operation | work of the bulb | ball B can be performed in the guide groove M for every predetermined space | interval L depending on the mark S. .

  In addition, the gauge ring 13 forms a mark S at each predetermined interval L in the length direction of the guide groove M at or near each guide groove M in the guide groove set MS, and one side of the guide groove set MS. Starting from one guide groove M, the phase of the mark S is shifted by L / 3 as the adjacent guide groove M is sequentially reached. Therefore, a predetermined interval L is provided in each guide groove M of the guide groove set MS. When the bulb B is planted every time, the operator W can perform the operations sequentially on the guide grooves M without difficulty due to the phase shift.

  Moreover, if it is set as the structure of the example of a change shown in FIGS. 9-11, the occupation space at the time of accommodation of the agricultural work vehicle 1 and conveyance can be made small by making the gauge wheel 13 into a storage state.

  Further, since the tray 16 is provided at a location adjacent to the space portion 5, if the bulbs B are put together in the tray 16 in advance, the work can be performed with only one hand H1, and the work efficiency is good. If the bulb B supplied with the other hand H2 is to be planted with one hand H1, it is necessary to take an unreasonable posture with the body twisted toward the one hand H1, and work efficiency is reduced. End up.

  Further, since the driving means 7 for driving the rear wheel 22 is provided, it is not necessary for the worker W to advance the machine body manually, so that the burden on the worker W can be reduced.

  Further, since the rear wheel 22 is connected to the driving means 7 via the one-way clutch 22a so that it can be arbitrarily pulled to the front of the body frame 2, even when the driving by the driving means 7 is stopped, the rear wheel 22 moves forward. Towing can be done without resistance. Therefore, for example, when turning the aircraft, as shown in FIG. 5, the operator W gets off the riding part 6 and stands on the front side of the aircraft, lifts the front wheel 21 with the grip 25 and pulls the aircraft. Just change.

  In addition, since the rider 6 can work by getting the worker W in a posture in which the upper body is tilted forward, the rider can work with both hands H1 and H2 reaching the surface of the field. As a result, the working speed can be improved.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, it can also be suitably changed and embodied as follows, for example in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention.
(1) The farm work vehicle 1 of the embodiment is configured to be reversed left and right.
(2) A footrest 18 is also provided on the right side of the agricultural work vehicle 1 of the embodiment, and the direction of the reclining seat 17 is configured to be capable of turning 180 °.
(3) A container as a mounting means for mounting spare bulbs, seedlings, seeds, or the like is provided at the rear of the body frame 2. If the container 4 at the front part of the machine body frame 2 is omitted and the container is provided only at the rear part, the load on the rear wheel side can be further increased with respect to the front wheel side, and the front groove 21 can follow the guide groove M. The property can be further improved.
(4) When a basket is formed in the field, a configuration that employs wheels that roll on both sides of the guide groove set MS in place of the front wheel 21 and that automatically steers along the basket (for example, Patent Document 1) A pair of left and right guide wheels pressed against the left and right shoulders of the heel as described in 3).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Agricultural work vehicle 2 Machine frame 3 Traveling means 4 Container 5 Space part 6 Riding part 7 Driving means 13 Gauge wheel 13a Wire strip 14 Rotating shaft 15 Swing arm 16 Tray 16a Swing arm 17 Reclining seat 18 Footrest 21 Front wheel 21a Shaft 22 Rear wheel 22a One-way clutch 25 Grasping hand A Line track B Bulb F Front side H1 One hand H2 Other hand L Predetermined distance M Guide groove MS Guide groove set S Mark T1 Usage state T2 Storage state W Worker

Claims (10)

The vehicle body frame is supported by a traveling means so as to be able to travel freely, and the vehicle body frame is equipped with a space portion that communicates with the surface of the field and a riding portion that is disposed adjacent to the space portion and on which an operator rides. An agricultural farm vehicle,
The riding section is a posture in which an operator tilts the upper body to the rear or lays the upper body, and the left or right hand is kept in the posture through the space portion in the field. Rutotomoni is riding configured to be able to position to reach the surface, the operator configured agricultural vehicles to be transverse to the traveling direction of the body frame. The travel means includes an abacus-shaped front wheel that rolls following a guide groove having a substantially V-shaped cross section formed in advance on the surface of the field, and a pair of rear wheels that roll on both sides of the guide groove. ,
The agricultural vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the riding section is provided in the vicinity of the rear wheel. The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the space portion is configured to communicate with the guide groove. By rolling on the field with the advance of the airframe, in front of the space portion in the advancing direction of the airframe, a predetermined length direction of the guide groove is provided at or near the guide groove. The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising a gauge wheel that forms a mark for each interval. The pair of rear wheels is configured to roll on both sides of a set of guide groove sets including N parallel guide grooves (N is an integer of 2 or more), and the space portion includes It is configured to communicate with the guide groove set,
The gauge wheel forms the mark at predetermined intervals L in the length direction of the guide groove at or near each guide groove in the guide groove set, and the guide on one side of the guide groove set. 5. The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 4 , wherein the farm vehicle is configured so as to shift the phase of the mark by L / N as the guide groove is sequentially adjacent to the groove. The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the gauge wheel is mounted to roll on a farm field in front of or behind the front wheel. The airframe includes a shaft disposed in front of the space portion in the airframe frame and extending in the left-right direction of the airframe, and an arm having a base end portion pivotally supported by the shaft. Is pivotally supported,
When the arm is tilted to the front side of the body frame, the gauge wheel is positioned in front of the front wheel and rolls on the field, and when the arm is tilted to the rear side of the body frame, the gauge ring is The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the agricultural vehicle is configured to be stored in the space. The agricultural work vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein a tray on which an object to be used for work performed on a farm field is provided at a location adjacent to the space portion. The agricultural work vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , further comprising drive means for driving the rear wheel. The riding section is an attitude in which an operator tilts the upper body forward instead of the tilted position or the laid position, and both hands are held in the posture through the space portion. The agricultural work vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the agricultural work vehicle is configured to be able to get on a position that can reach the surface of the farm field.

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