JP5455843B2 - Three-way valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-way valve in which an operating force when operating a valve body is reduced in a valve having a cylindrical valve body. The three-way valve of the present invention is particularly suitable as a sealing valve for cooling fluid circulation control of an in-vehicle cooling water circulation circuit, but can also be used for a semiconductor business, a plant business, a water and sewage business, and a food manufacturing business.

  Conventionally, in a plug valve having a cylindrical and conical valve body, when the valve body is opened and closed, the fluid pressure acting on the valve body acts against the opposite side of the fluid inflow / outflow port. The fluid pressure in the radial direction applied to the valve becomes unbalanced and the frictional force between the valve body and the valve seat increases. In particular, as the pressure in the pipe increases, the force for driving the valve element increases when the valve element opens and closes, causing problems such as increased power consumption and increased valve size. For example, when a solenoid is used for driving, since a high driving force is required for the solenoid, there is a problem that the solenoid is large and operation power necessary for operation tends to increase, which is inefficient and large.

FIG. 9 shows a plug valve devised to reduce the friction when rotating the valve body in order to reduce the force for driving the valve body in the cooling fluid circulation control sealing valve of the on-vehicle cooling water circulation circuit. (Hereinafter referred to as “prior art”; see Patent Document 1).
In this prior art, the inflowing fluid rotates the truncated cylindrical valve body 100 to selectively flow out to a plurality of outlets. A seal ring 101 that rotates integrally with the body 100 and seals the fluid is attached to the valve body. The seal ring 101 is subjected to a pressure radially outward of the fluid flowing from the inlet pipe 103, and the seal ring 101 is pressed against the inner surface of the casing 102. In order to reduce friction between the seal ring 101 and the casing 102, a large number of dimples 104 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the seal ring 101, and the friction torque of a seal ring having a conventional smooth surface is reduced to about 1/3. It is designed to decrease.

JP 2006-512547 A

  In the above-described prior art, the friction torque is reduced, and the force for driving the valve body can be reduced to some extent. However, since the valve body has a structure that is pushed outward in the radial direction, for example, the pressure in the pipe When the pressure becomes high (1 to 10 MPa), a considerable driving torque is required, and a basic solution has not yet been obtained.

In the valve having a cylindrical valve body, the radial fluid pressure applied to the valve body is balanced with respect to the rotation center of the valve body, and the frictional force between the valve body and the valve seat is kept to a minimum. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a three-way valve in which power consumption for driving the valve body and minimization of the valve size are achieved.
In the present invention, the three-way valve means that either one of the inlet and the outlet is two and the other is one, and in particular, in the case where there are two inlets and one outlet, A valve having a structure capable of flowing in either one of the two inlets or simultaneously is called a mixing valve. In addition, when there are two inlets and one outlet, a valve having a structure in which one of the two inlets can flow in, and a valve having a structure having one inlet and two outlets. Is called a switching valve.

In order to achieve the above object, a three-way valve according to the present invention includes, firstly, a cylindrical valve body housing space, a plurality of communication ports communicating with the valve body housing space in the radial direction, and two in the radial direction and a shaft. A valve body with one fluid inlet or fluid outlet in the direction;
A plurality of valve ports that can communicate with the plurality of communication ports of the valve body, respectively, and rotated by driving means in a state of being accommodated in the valve body accommodating space of the valve body, and the plurality of communication ports of the valve body And at least one of the plurality of valve ports is provided with a cylindrical valve body that is switched to either communication or non-communication,
The two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets are each directly connected to one of the valve body communication ports, and the other communication ports not directly connected to the fluid inlet or the fluid outlet are respectively valve bodies. Linked to an associated one of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets via a pressure equalizing passage formed therein,
A fluid flow is generated at the communication port communicating with the valve port by rotation of the valve body, and fluid pressure is applied to the valve body at the communication port not communicating with the valve port.

  According to the first feature, the valve body is driven by balancing the fluid pressure in the radial direction applied to the valve body with respect to the rotation center of the valve body and keeping the frictional force between the valve body and the valve seat to a minimum. Power consumption and valve size can be minimized.

The three-way valve according to the present invention is secondly characterized in that, in the first feature, the valve body is cup-shaped, a drive shaft is provided at the bottom side of the cup-type valve body, and the bottom side is the valve body. The pressure relief opening is provided so as to pass through the bottom side.
According to the second feature, the fluid pressure acting on the inner surface of the cup-type valve body is guided to the outside of the bottom portion through the pressure release port, and the pressure acting downward from the outside of the bottom portion is generated to act on the valve body. Can reduce the thrust load.

Thirdly, according to the three-way valve of the present invention, in the first or second feature, the pressure equalizing passage includes a deep groove provided in an arc shape along an upper surface or a lower surface of the valve body, and the deep groove It is formed by a vertical hole connecting the fluid inlet or the fluid outlet and a vertical hole connecting the deep groove and the communication port, and the deep groove is covered by a flange mounted on the upper surface and the lower surface of the valve body. It is said.
According to the third feature, the pressure equalizing passage can be formed in the valve body relatively easily.

Fourthly, the three-way valve according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second feature, the valve body is made of a synthetic resin, and a metal valve seat is provided at a portion in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the valve body. It is a feature.
With the fourth feature, the three-way valve can be reduced in weight and cost.

In addition, the three-way valve of the present invention, fifthly, according to any one of the first, second, and fourth features, is characterized in that the valve body is made of a synthetic resin, and the pressure equalizing passage is around a cylindrical valve body housing space. Is formed by a tunnel hole provided in the valve body so as to detour in a circular arc shape.
The fifth feature makes it unnecessary to seal the pressure equalizing passage with an O-ring or the like.

Sixthly, the three-way valve of the present invention includes a cylindrical valve body housing space, a plurality of communication ports communicating with the valve body housing space in the radial direction, and two in the radial direction and one in the axial direction. A valve body comprising a fluid inlet or a fluid outlet;
A plurality of valve ports that can communicate with the plurality of communication ports of the valve body, and are moved up and down by driving means in a state of being accommodated in the valve body accommodating space of the valve body, and the plurality of communication ports of the valve body A cylindrical valve body in which at least one of the plurality of valve ports and at least one of the plurality of valve ports are switched to either communication or non-communication;
Each of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets is directly connected to one of the valve body communication ports, and each of the other communication ports not directly connected to the fluid inlet port or the fluid outlet port. Linked to one of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets via a pressure equalizing passage formed in the valve body,
A fluid flow is generated at the communication port communicating with the valve port by vertical movement of the valve body, and fluid pressure is applied to the valve body at the communication port not communicating with the valve port.

By the sixth feature, the valve body is driven up and down by balancing the radial fluid pressure applied to the valve body with respect to the center of the valve body and keeping the frictional force between the valve body and the valve seat to a minimum. Power consumption and valve size can be minimized.
Furthermore, since the valve body can be switched between opening and closing by moving the valve body up and down by a small distance, a direct acting type can be adopted as the solenoid, and the driving force can be reduced as compared with the rotary type. .

Seventh, in the sixth feature, the three-way valve of the present invention has a constant opening area in each of the plurality of communication ports of the valve body and the plurality of valve ports of the valve body in a circumferential direction. When the numerical aperture is N (N is an even number of 4 or more), the communication port and the valve port are provided at an angle of 360 ° / N.
According to the seventh feature, the numerical aperture in the circumferential direction of the communication port and the valve port can be selected in accordance with the design conditions.

Further, according to an eighth, sixth or seventh feature of the three-way valve of the present invention, the valve body is cup-shaped, and a drive shaft is provided on the bottom side of the cup-type valve body, and the bottom side is The valve body is supported so as to receive a thrust load, and a pressure relief port is provided so as to penetrate the bottom side.
According to the eighth feature, the thrust load of the fluid acting on the valve body is reduced, and even when the valve body moves up and down, the valve is formed by the fluid flow between the chamber formed outside the bottom portion and the inside of the valve body. It also plays a role in making body movements smooth.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) By the first and sixth features, the radial fluid pressure applied to the valve body is balanced with respect to the center of the valve body, and the frictional force between the valve body and the valve seat is kept to a minimum. It is possible to minimize power consumption and valve size for driving the valve body.
(2) According to the second feature, the pressure of the fluid acting on the inner surface of the cup-type valve body is guided to the outside of the bottom portion through the pressure release port, and pressure is generated downward from the outside of the bottom portion to The thrust load of the acting fluid can be reduced.
(3) Due to the third feature, the pressure equalizing passage can be formed in the valve body relatively easily.
(4) From the fourth feature, the three-way valve can be reduced in weight and cost.
(5) From the fifth feature, it becomes unnecessary to seal the pressure equalizing passage with an O-ring or the like.
(6) According to the sixth feature, the valve body can be switched between opening and closing by moving the valve body up and down by a slight distance, so that a direct acting type can be adopted as the solenoid, and the driving force is also rotary type Can be made smaller than
(7) According to the seventh feature, the number of communication ports and valve ports can be selected optimally according to design conditions.
(8) According to the eighth feature, the thrust load of the fluid acting on the valve body is reduced, and when the valve body moves up and down, the fluid between the chamber formed outside the bottom and the inside of the valve body The movement of the valve body can be made smooth by circulation.

It is front sectional drawing of the three-way valve which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 1, (b) is BB sectional drawing of FIG. (A) shows a state in which the valve body is rotated 45 ° clockwise from the state shown in FIG. 2, and (b) shows a state in which the valve body is turned 90 ° clockwise from the state shown in FIG. FIG. It is front sectional drawing of the three-way valve which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. (A) is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 4, (b) is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is front sectional drawing of the three-way valve which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, Comprising: CC cross section of FIG. 7 is shown. (A) is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 6, (b) is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is front sectional drawing which shows the principal part in case the three-way valve which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention is used as a switching valve. It is front sectional drawing which shows a prior art.

  The embodiment for carrying out the three-way valve according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not construed as being limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention. Various changes, modifications, and improvements can be made based on the knowledge of the vendor.

[Embodiment 1]
1 is a front sectional view of a three-way valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line B-- in FIG. It is B sectional drawing. 3A shows a state in which the valve body is rotated 45 ° clockwise from the state of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B shows a state in which the valve body is clockwise from the state of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state rotated by 90 degrees.

First, the overall configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
The three-way valve mainly includes a valve body 1, a cup-type valve body 3 disposed in a cylindrical valve body housing space 2 in the valve body 1, and an upper flange 4 mounted on the upper surface of the valve body 1. The lower flange 5 mounted on the lower surface of the valve body 1 and the solenoid 6 for rotating the valve body 3 are configured. The cup-type valve body 3 is arranged upside down so that the bottom portion 7 is on the upper side and the opening portion 8 is on the lower side, and a rotating shaft 9 is integrally provided on the bottom portion 7, and the rotating shaft 9 is a solenoid. 6 are connected to the drive shaft 12 via a pin 13 and a knob 14. An O-ring 10 is disposed between the rotary shaft 9 and the upper flange 4 to seal between the two members. A sliding ring 11 is disposed between the bottom side 7 of the valve body 3 and the upper flange 4 so as to receive an axial thrust load of the valve body 3.
In addition, it is also possible to perform the rotational drive of the valve body 3 by a magnet coupling system or a rack and pinion.

1 and 2, a first fluid inlet 15 is provided on the right side of the valve body 1, a second fluid inlet 16 is provided on the back side, and a fluid outlet 25 is provided on the lower side. 2, four communication ports 17 (17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4) communicating with the valve element housing space 2 in the radial direction are spaced by 90 ° in the circumferential direction. Is provided. The cross-sectional shape of the communication port 17 is not particularly limited, but in the first embodiment, it is circular and all have the same opening area.
The third and fourth communication ports 17-3 and 17-4 have holes formed in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 1, leaving the communication ports 17-3 and 17-4. Since it is formed in such a shape that it has a large diameter portion 17-3 ′, 17-4 ′ on the radially outer side, it is not limited to this, but a circular hole is drilled from the inside. Only 17-3 and 17-4 may be formed.
Of these four communication ports 17, the first communication port 17-1 is directly connected to the first fluid inlet 15, and the second communication port 17-2 is the second fluid inlet. 16 is directly connected. Further, the third communication port 17-3 communicates with the first fluid inlet 15 located at the position opposed to the rotation axis center through the upper pressure equalizing passage 18, and the fourth communication port 17-. 4 is communicated with a second fluid inlet 16 located at a position opposed to each other about the rotation axis and a lower pressure equalizing passage 19.
In the present invention, the first fluid inlet 15 and the third communication port 17-3, and the second fluid inlet 16 and the fourth communication port 17-4, for example, face each other in plan view. Both of the positional relationships are called “related”.

As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the upper pressure equalizing passage 18 includes a deep groove 18-1 provided in an arc shape along the upper surface of the valve body 1, a first fluid inlet 15 and a deep groove 18-. 1, and a vertical hole 18-3 connecting the third communication port 17-3 and the deep groove 18-1, and the deep groove 18-1 is covered by the upper flange 4.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the lower pressure equalizing passage 19 includes a deep groove 19-1 provided in an arc shape along the lower surface of the valve body 1, a second fluid inlet port 16, and A vertical hole 19-2 connecting the deep groove 19-1 and a vertical hole 19-3 connecting the fourth communication port 17-4 and the deep groove 19-1 are formed, and the deep groove 19-1 is formed by the lower flange 5. Covered.
In this example, the deep grooves 18-1 and 19-1 are provided over the entire circumference. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a semicircle. In short, the first fluid inflow port 15 and the third communication port are important. 17-3, and the 2nd fluid inflow port 16 and the 4th communication port 17-4 should just be the structure connected. O-rings 21 and 22 are disposed on both sides of the deep grooves 18-1 and 19-1, respectively, to seal the fluid flowing through the deep grooves.

  Two valve ports 23 penetrating in the radial direction are provided in the side wall of the cup-type valve body 3 at intervals of 180 ° in the circumferential direction. Although the cross-sectional shape of the valve port 23 is not particularly limited, in the first embodiment, it is circular and all have the same opening area. The opening area of the valve port 23 does not need to be the same as the opening area of the communication port 17 of the valve body 1, but is set to be substantially the same or slightly smaller. The opening 8 of the valve body 3 faces the fluid outlet 25 of the valve body 1.

  In FIG. 2A, the second communication port 17-2 and the fourth communication port 17-4 of the valve body are in communication with the valve port 23, respectively, and fluid flows from the second fluid inlet 16 to the second fluid inlet 16. 2 flows to the fluid outlet 25 through the second communication port 17-2 and the valve port 23, and from the second fluid inlet 16 to the pressure equalizing passage 19, the fourth communication port 17-4 and the valve port 23. The fluid flows to the fluid outlet 25. On the other hand, since the first communication port 17-1 and the third communication port 17-3 are not in communication with the valve port 23, the fluid in the first fluid inlet 15 is the first communication port. While applying pressure from 17-1 to the side surface of the valve body 3, pressure is applied to the side surface of the valve body 3 from the third communication port 17-3 through the pressure equalizing passage 18. At this time, the fluid pressure in the radial direction acting on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 is balanced with respect to the rotation center of the valve body 3 and is not a single contact as in the conventional valve device. Driving force to be minimized.

In FIG. 3A, the valve body is rotated 45 ° clockwise from the state of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is rotated 90 ° clockwise from the state of FIG.
In the state of FIG. 3A, the valve port 23 communicates with the second communication port 17-2 and also communicates with the first communication port 17-1. That is, in this state, fluid flows from the first fluid inlet 15 and the second fluid inlet 16 to the fluid outlet 25.
Further, in the state of FIG. 3B, the valve port 23 is not in communication with the second communication port 17-2 and is in communication only with the first communication port 17-1. That is, in this state, the fluid flows from the first fluid inlet 15 to the fluid outlet 25 only.
In any state of FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the radial fluid pressure acting on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 is balanced with respect to the rotation center of the valve body 3.
The three-way valve shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a mixing valve structure, that is, a structure in which a fluid flows simultaneously from either one of the first fluid inlet 15 and the second fluid inlet 16 or both. For example, if the diameter of the valve port 23 is made small, the valve port 23 does not communicate with the first fluid inlet 15 and the second fluid inlet 16 at the same time. It becomes the structure of.

  As described above, the plurality of communication ports 17 of the valve body serve as a fluid passage when in communication with the valve port 23, and serve as pressure equalization ports that uniformly apply the fluid pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 in a non-communication state. There is something to play the role of. Similarly, the upper pressure equalizing passage 18 links the first fluid inlet 15 and the third communication port 17-3, and the lower pressure equalizing passage 19 is connected to the second fluid inlet 16. And the fourth communication port 17-4 are connected to each other and serve as a fluid passage when in communication with the valve port 23, and transmit the pressure of the fluid inlet to the communication port 17 in a state of non-communication with the valve port 23. To fulfill. That is, of the four communication ports 17, the communication port 17-1 directly connected to the first fluid inlet 15 and the communication port 17-2 directly connected to the second fluid inlet 16 are essential as fluid inlets. The other two are originally provided for the role as a pressure equalizing port, but not only that but also serve as a fluid inlet.

  The bottom side 7 of the cup-type valve body 3 is provided with an appropriate number of pressure relief ports 24 penetrating the bottom side 7 in the axial direction in the circumferential direction. The pressure of the fluid that acts on the inner surface of the valve body 3 is guided to the outside of the bottom portion 7 through the pressure release port 24, and generates a pressure downward from the outside of the bottom portion 7, so that the fluid acting on the valve body 3 Thrust load is reduced.

In the above-described example, the first fluid inlet 15 and the second fluid inlet 16 are arranged at an angle of 90 ° in plan view, but the present invention is not limited to this, for example, about 30 ° to 150 °. It can be arranged freely in the range.
In addition, all four communication ports 17 of the valve body 1 have the same opening area and are arranged at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction, and the two valve ports 23 of the valve body 3 have the same opening area, and are arranged in the circumferential direction. Although it is provided at intervals of 180 °, the present invention is not limited to this, and the opening area of the communication port is not limited to the first communication port 17-1, the third communication port 17-3, the second communication port 17-2, and the first communication port 17-2. It is only necessary that the four communication ports 17-4 are equal. Further, the circumferential angle of the communication port 17 is set according to the arrangement angle between the first fluid inlet 15 and the second fluid inlet 16, and the number thereof may be four or more. . It is not necessary to make all the opening areas of the valve ports 23 of the valve body 3 equal, and three of them may be provided at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction, for example. In short, it is only necessary that the radial fluid pressure acting on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 is balanced with respect to the rotation center of the valve body 3.
Furthermore, the present invention may reverse the direction of fluid flow.

[Embodiment 2]
4 is a front sectional view of a three-way valve according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line B- in FIG. It is B sectional drawing.
The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and differs in the detailed structure associated with specifying the valve body 1 to be made of synthetic resin. Therefore, in FIGS. 4 and 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 indicate the same members as in FIGS.

4 and 5, the valve body 1 is made of a synthetic resin, and a metal valve seat 26 is provided in a portion in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3.
The third communication port 17-3 is connected to the first communication port 17-1 directly connected to the first fluid inflow port 15 and the upper pressure equalizing passage 27, which are opposed to each other about the rotation axis. The fourth communication port 17-4 communicates with the second communication port 17-2 directly connected to the second fluid inflow port 16 at a position facing the rotation axis center, and a lower pressure equalizing passage. 28 to communicate with each other.
The third communication port 17-3 and the fourth communication port 17-4 are integrally formed when the valve body 1 is molded with a mold.

The upper pressure equalizing passage 27 and the lower pressure equalizing passage 28 are provided in the valve body 1, and the first pressure equalizing passage 27 and the lower pressure equalizing passage 28 are arranged in a semicircular shape around the cylindrical valve body accommodating space 2. The communication port 17-1 and the third communication port 17-3 are connected to the tunnel hole 27-1, and the second communication port 17-2 and the fourth communication port 17-4 are connected to the tunnel hole 28-1. Communicate with each other.
Tunnel holes 27-1 and 28-1 may be provided in a circular shape instead of a semicircular shape.
In this example, the valve body 1 is made of synthetic resin, so that the weight and cost of the three-way valve can be reduced. Further, by forming the pressure equalizing passages 27 and 28 for communicating the opposing communication ports by the tunnel hole method, there is no need to provide a sealing means such as an O-ring as in the first embodiment.

[Embodiment 3]
6 is a front cross-sectional view of the three-way valve according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, showing a cross section taken along the line CC of FIG. 7, and FIG. Sectional drawing and FIG.7 (b) are BB sectional drawings of FIG.
The three-way valve according to the first and second embodiments is configured to open and close the flow path by rotating the valve body, whereas the three-way valve according to the third embodiment has a structure in which the valve body moves up and down. It is different from the first and second embodiments in that it is configured to open and close the road. 6 and 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 denote the same members as those in FIGS. 1 to 3, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, the overall configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
The three-way valve according to the third embodiment mainly includes a valve body 1, a cup-type valve body 3 disposed in a cylindrical valve body accommodating space 2 in the valve body 1, and an upper surface of the valve body 1. The upper flange 4 is mounted, the lower flange 5 is mounted on the lower surface of the valve body 1, and the solenoid 6 that moves the valve body 3 directly. The cup-type valve body 3 is disposed so that the bottom portion 7 is on the upper side and the opening 8 is on the lower side. A vertical movement shaft 30 is integrally provided on the bottom portion 7, and the drive shaft 12 of the solenoid 6 is provided. Are connected via pins 13 and 13 and a knob 14. An O-ring 10 is disposed between the vertical movement shaft 30 and the valve body 1 to seal between the two members.

  6 and 7, a first fluid inlet 15 is provided on the right side of the valve body 1, a second fluid inlet 16 is provided on the left front side, and a fluid outlet 25 is provided on the lower side. Eight rows of communication ports 31 communicating with the valve body accommodating space 2 in the radial direction are provided at intervals of 45 ° in the circumferential direction. For example, a plurality of the communication ports 31 in each row are provided at the same height at intervals in the plurality in the vertical direction, three in this example. Although the cross-sectional shape of the communication port 31 is not particularly limited, in this example, for the sake of providing a space in the vertical direction, the communication port 31 has a horizontally long rectangle and is formed in the same opening area. Of these eight rows of communication ports 31, the first communication port 31-1 is directly connected to the first fluid inlet 15, and the sixth communication port 31-6 is the second fluid inlet 16. It is directly connected to.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, pressure equalizing passages 32 and 35 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the valve body 1 over the entire circumference. The upper pressure equalizing passage 32 has a deep groove 33 provided in an arc shape along the upper surface of the valve body 1 and a first vertical hole 34-1 connecting the first fluid inlet 15 and the deep groove 33 (FIG. 7). (B)), a second vertical hole 34-2 (see FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b); the same applies hereinafter) connecting the third communication port 31-3 and the deep groove 33, and a fifth The deep groove is formed by a third vertical hole 34-3 connecting the communication port 31-5 and the deep groove 33 and a fourth vertical hole 34-4 connecting the seventh communication port 31-7 and the deep groove 33. 33 is covered by the upper flange 4.
The lower pressure equalizing passage 35 has a deep groove 36 provided in an arc shape along the lower surface of the valve body 1 and a first vertical hole 37-1 connecting the second fluid inlet 16 and the deep groove 36. (See FIG. 7A. The same shall apply hereinafter), a second vertical hole 37-2 connecting the eighth communication port 31-8 and the deep groove 36, a second communication port 31-2 and the deep groove 36. Are formed by a third vertical hole 37-3 connecting the fourth communication hole 31-4 and the fourth vertical hole 37-4 connecting the deep groove 36. The deep groove 36 is covered by the lower flange 5.
As described above, the upper pressure equalizing passage 32 connects the first fluid inlet 15 and the third, fifth, and seventh communication ports 31-3, 31-5, and 31-7 by the deep groove 33. The lower pressure equalizing passage 35 connects the second fluid inlet 16 and the second, fourth, and eighth communication ports 31-2, 31-4, and 31-8 by the deep groove 36. Is.
In the present invention, the fluid inflow port and the communication port linked by the deep groove are referred to as “related”.

On the side wall of the cup-shaped valve body 3, eight rows of valve ports 40 penetrating in the radial direction are provided at equal intervals of 45 ° in the circumferential direction. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the eight rows of valve ports 40 are arranged so that each row has a different height. That is, the valve ports 40-1, 40-3, 40 corresponding to the first, third, fifth, and seventh communication holes 31-1, 31-3, 31-5, 31-7 of the valve body 1, respectively. −5, 40-7 are arranged at low positions, and the valve ports 40− corresponding to the second, fourth, sixth and eighth communication holes 31-2, 31-4, 31-6, 31-8, respectively. 2, 40-4, 40-6, and 40-8 are arranged at a high position.
Furthermore, although the cross-sectional shape of the valve port 40 is not particularly limited, in this example, similarly to the communication port 31, a rectangular shape that is long horizontally is formed and all have the same opening area. The opening area of the valve port 40 does not have to be the same as the opening area of the communication port 31 of the valve body 1, but is set to be substantially the same or slightly smaller. The opening 8 of the valve body 3 faces the fluid outlet 25.

In FIG. 6, the valve body 3 is in the upper limit position, and as shown in FIG. 7A, the first, third, fifth and seventh communication ports 31-1, 31-3 of the valve body 1 are provided. , 31-5, 31-7 and the valve ports 40-1, 40-3, 40-5, 40-7 are in communication with each other, and the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth communication ports 31 are provided. -2, 31-4, 31-6, and 31-8 are not in communication with the valve ports, so that the fluid flows from the first fluid inlet 15 to the fluid outlet 25 and at the same time, the second fluid inlet Sixteen fluid pressures are applied to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 via the second, fourth, and eighth communication ports 31-2, 31-4, and 31-8.
When the valve body 3 is moved to the lower limit position by the solenoid 6, the second, fourth, sixth and eighth communication ports 31-2, 31-4, 31-6, 31-8 and the valve port 40-2 , 40-4, 40-6, and 40-8 are in communication with each other, and the first, third, fifth, and seventh communication ports 31-1, 31-3, 31-5, and 31-7. And the valve ports 40-1, 40-3, 40-5, and 40-7 are not in communication with each other, and the fluid flows from the second fluid inlet 16 to the outlet 25 at the same time as the first fluid flow. The fluid pressure at the inlet 15 is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 via the third, fifth and seventh communication ports 31-3, 31-5 and 31-7.
At this time, the radial fluid pressure acting on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 is balanced with respect to the axial center of the valve body 3 and is not per piece as in the conventional valve device. The driving force to drive can be minimized.

  In this way, the communication ports 31 of each row of the valve body 1 serve as a fluid passage when in communication with the valve ports, and evenly apply the fluid pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 in the non-communication state. Some play a role as a crusher. Similarly, the pressure equalizing passages 32 and 35 link the fluid inlets 15 and 16 and the communication port 31, and serve as a fluid passage when the communication port and the valve port are in communication, and in a non-communication state. Plays a role of propagating the pressure of the fluid inlet to the communication port. That is, among the eight rows of communication ports 31, the communication ports 31-1 and 31-6 directly connected to the fluid inlets 15 and 16 are indispensable as fluid inlets, and the other six rows are essentially Is provided for the role as a pressure equalizing port, but it also serves as a fluid inflow port.

  In the example of FIG. 6, m is the distance until the right valve port in the communication state becomes non-communication due to the lowering of the valve body, and p is the distance until the left valve port in the non-communication state starts communication. If the distance until all the left valve ports communicate is n, the relationship is set so that m≈n and m (≈n)> p. Therefore, the right valve port in the communication state is the valve body 3. The valve port on the left side in the non-communication state starts communication until it becomes non-communication due to the descent. That is, since the left valve port in the non-communication state starts to communicate until the right valve port in the communication state becomes non-communication due to the lowering of the valve body 3, both valve ports simultaneously There will be a time zone that communicates, and it functions as a mixing valve.

The bottom side 7 of the cup-type valve body 3 is provided with an appropriate number of pressure relief ports 24 penetrating the bottom side 7 in the axial direction in the circumferential direction. The pressure of the fluid that acts on the inner surface of the valve body 3 is guided to the outside of the bottom portion 7 through the pressure release port 24, and generates a pressure downward from the outside of the bottom portion 7, so that the fluid acting on the valve body 3 Thrust load is reduced.
Further, the pressure relief port 24 plays a role of smoothing the movement of the valve body 3 by the fluid flow between the chamber formed outside the bottom portion 7 and the inside of the valve body 3 even when the valve body 3 moves up and down. Also fulfills.

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing the main parts when the three-way valve according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is a switching valve.
When the distance until the right side valve port in the communication state becomes non-communication due to the lowering of the valve body is m, and the distance until the left valve port in the non-communication state starts communication is p, p> Since the relationship of m is set, the left valve port in the non-communication state starts communication until the right valve port in the communication state becomes non-communication due to the lowering of the valve body 3. There is no. That is, since the left valve port in the non-communication state does not start communication until the right valve port in the communication state becomes non-communication due to the lowering of the valve body 3, both valve ports There is no time zone for communicating with each other at the same time, and it functions as a switching valve.

In the above-described example, the eight rows of communication ports 31 of the valve body 1 and the eight rows of valve ports 40 of the valve body 3 have the same opening area, and are provided at intervals of 45 ° in the circumferential direction. The number is not limited to eight rows, and an arbitrary number N (N is an even number of 4 or more) may be provided at an angle of 360 ° / N.
Further, the communication ports 31 do not have to have the same opening area or are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In short, the radial fluid pressure acting on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 What is necessary is just to balance with respect to an axis.
Furthermore, in the above-described example, the vertical positions of the eight rows of communication holes 31 are the same, and the vertical positions of the eight rows of valve ports 40 are different for each row, but this relationship is reversed. The vertical positions of the eight rows of communication holes 31 may be different for each row, and the vertical positions of the eight rows of valve ports 40 may be the same.
Furthermore, the same effect can be obtained by reversing the fluid flow direction, using the fluid inlets 15 and 16 as outlets and the fluid outlet 25 as inlets.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve body 2 Valve body accommodation space 3 Valve body 4 Upper flange 5 Lower flange 6 Solenoid 7 Bottom part 8 Opening part 9 Rotating shaft 10 O-ring 11 Sliding ring 12 Solenoid drive shaft 13 Pin 14 Knob 15 First fluid flow Inlet 16 Second fluid inflow port 17 Communication port 18 Upper pressure equalizing passage 19 Lower pressure equalizing passage 20 Mekler plug 21 O-ring 22 O-ring 23 Valve port 24 Pressure relief port 25 Fluid outlet port 26 Valve seat 27 Upper side Pressure equalizing passage 28 Lower pressure equalizing passage 30 Vertical movement shaft 31 Communication port 32 Upper pressure equalizing passage 33 Deep groove 34 Vertical hole 35 Lower pressure equalizing passage 36 Deep groove 37 Vertical hole 40 Valve port

Claims (8)

A valve body including a cylindrical valve body housing space, a plurality of communication ports communicating with the valve body housing space in the radial direction, and two fluid inlets or fluid outlets in the radial direction and one in the axial direction; ,
A plurality of valve ports that can communicate with the plurality of communication ports of the valve body, respectively, and rotated by driving means in a state of being accommodated in the valve body accommodating space of the valve body, and the plurality of communication ports of the valve body And at least one of the plurality of valve ports is provided with a cylindrical valve body that is switched to either communication or non-communication,
The two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets are each directly connected to one of the valve body communication ports, and the other communication ports not directly connected to the fluid inlet or the fluid outlet are respectively valve bodies. Linked to an associated one of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets via a pressure equalizing passage formed therein,
A three-way valve in which a fluid flow is generated at a communication port communicating with a valve port by rotation of the valve body, and fluid pressure is applied to the valve body at a communication port not communicating with the valve port.   The valve body is cup-shaped, a drive shaft is provided at the bottom side of the cup-type valve body, and the bottom side is supported by the valve body and arranged to receive a thrust load, and penetrates the bottom side. The three-way valve according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure relief port.   The pressure equalizing passage includes a deep groove provided in an arc shape along an upper surface or a lower surface of the valve body, a vertical hole connecting the deep groove and the fluid inflow port or the fluid outflow port, and the deep groove and the communication port. 3. The three-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the three-way valve is formed by a vertical hole to be connected, and the deep groove is covered with a flange attached to an upper surface and a lower surface of the valve body.   The three-way valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve body is made of a synthetic resin, and a metal valve seat is provided at a portion in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the valve body.   The valve body is made of a synthetic resin, and the pressure equalizing passage is formed by a tunnel hole provided in the valve body so as to circumvent the circumference of the cylindrical valve body housing space in an arc shape. Item 3. The three-way valve according to any one of items 1, 2, and 4. A valve body including a cylindrical valve body housing space, a plurality of communication ports communicating with the valve body housing space in the radial direction, and two fluid inlets or fluid outlets in the radial direction and one in the axial direction; ,
A plurality of valve ports that can communicate with the plurality of communication ports of the valve body, and are moved up and down by driving means in a state of being accommodated in the valve body accommodating space of the valve body, and the plurality of communication ports of the valve body A cylindrical valve body in which at least one of the plurality of valve ports and at least one of the plurality of valve ports are switched to either communication or non-communication;
Each of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets is directly connected to one of the valve body communication ports, and each of the other communication ports not directly connected to the fluid inlet port or the fluid outlet port. Linked to one of the two radial fluid inlets or fluid outlets via a pressure equalizing passage formed in the valve body,
A three-way valve characterized in that fluid flows in a communication port communicating with a valve port by vertical movement of the valve body, and fluid pressure is applied to the valve body in a communication port not communicating with the valve port.   When the opening area of each of the plurality of communication ports of the valve body and the plurality of valve ports of the valve body is constant and the numerical aperture in the circumferential direction is N (N is an even number of 4 or more), the communication port The three-way valve according to claim 6, wherein the valve port and the valve port are provided at an angle of 360 ° / N. The valve body is cup-shaped, a drive shaft is provided at the bottom side of the cup-type valve body, and the bottom side is supported by the valve body and arranged to receive a thrust load, and penetrates the bottom side. The three-way valve according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a pressure relief port.

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