JP5464355B2 - Biomass carbonization apparatus and biomass carbonization method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass carbonization apparatus and a biomass carbonization method for carbonizing biomass to obtain a carbide.

  Attention has been focused on the effective use of biomass energy as a measure to prevent global warming. Biomass is a renewable, organic resource that is not a fossil resource. Biomass is a continuously renewable resource because it uses solar energy and is produced from water and carbon dioxide. Since biomass is an organic substance, carbon dioxide is emitted when it is burned. However, the carbon contained in this is derived from carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis during the growth process, so using biomass does not increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as a whole It can be considered that. This property is called carbon neutral.

In particular, among biomass, plant-derived biomass can effectively use carbon resources converted from carbon dioxide by photosynthesis during the plant growth process, and therefore does not lead to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide from the viewpoint of the life cycle of the resources.
Biomass derived from plants is forestry (wood scrap, lumber waste, thinned wood, paper waste, etc.), agriculture (rice straw, straw, sugarcane straw, rice straw, vegetation, etc.), waste (garbage, garden trees, architecture) Waste materials, sewage sludge, etc.).

  In recent years, development of gas fuel and carbide by pyrolyzing biomass has been studied. The use of carbides produced from biomass as an alternative to fuel and steelmaking coke is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

In Patent Document 1, wastes such as municipal waste are pyrolyzed in an inert gas atmosphere using a vertical furnace to obtain carbide and pyrolysis gas, and the obtained carbide is used as an alternative fuel for coal and coke. And a technology for replacing carbon and activated carbon. Biomass can be pyrolyzed using the vertical furnace for thermal decomposition described in Patent Document 1.
In the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus described in Patent Document 1, waste is put into a vertical furnace, heated gas is blown from the lower part of the furnace, and the heated gas that rises against the waste that descends by its own weight comes into contact with the waste. Pyrolysis produces carbides and pyrolysis gas. In the furnace, the waste forms a packed moving bed.

  As biomass studied as a raw material for pyrolyzing to generate carbides, palm palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), palm palm old trees (Trunk), palm coconut shells (PKS), which are produced when palm oil is collected from palm palm, There are wood chips and rice husks. These biomass are crushed and crushed and supplied as biomass raw materials.

However, if the biomass raw material as described above is pyrolyzed using the pyrolysis apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the following problems arise.
When the biomass is crushed and pulverized, powdery biomass with a particle size of 5 mm or less is produced. When such powdered biomass is supplied alone or when biomass raw material containing powdered biomass is supplied to a thermal decomposition treatment device that forms a packed moving bed, the powdered biomass is densely packed, so that there are few voids in the packed moving bed. The pressure loss of the heating gas that rises is too large to allow the heating gas to circulate and to thermally decompose. In addition, when biomass raw material containing powdered biomass is supplied to the thermal decomposition treatment device, the powdered biomass is scattered by the heated gas rising in the furnace and is not thermally decomposed into carbides, and the carbide yield (biomass raw material dry weight The ratio of the weight of the generated carbide to the weight (wt%) cannot be increased.

JP 2001-131557 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a biomass carbonization apparatus and a biomass carbonization method that can pyrolyze powder biomass to obtain a carbide in a high yield. And

  As a result of diligent investigations to develop a process that enables pyrolysis of powder biomass to obtain carbides in a high yield, the present inventors first pyrolyzed powder biomass to produce tar. A carbonization method capable of obtaining carbide in a high yield by obtaining knowledge that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by adopting a technique of generating and further generating carbide from the obtained tar, The present invention was completed by finding a carbonization apparatus and carbonization reaction conditions suitable for carrying out the carbonization method. In particular, it was impossible to predict that a part of the tar will be converted into a carbide by the progress of the pyrolysis reaction or polymerization reaction of the tar obtained by the rapid pyrolysis reaction inside the packed moving bed carbonization furnace.

That is, the present invention relates to a biomass carbonization apparatus and a biomass carbonization method as described in the following (1) to (6).
(1) A rapid pyrolyzer that pyrolyzes supplied powdery biomass in a high-temperature gas to generate tar, and a high-temperature gas containing tar from the rapid pyrolyzer that forms a packed moving bed with the supplied bulk biomass And a packed moving bed carbonization furnace for generating a carbide by carbonizing the bulk biomass and the tar.
(2) Provided with a partial combustion furnace that receives a combustible gas from a packed moving bed carbonization furnace and partially burns it to generate a high-temperature combustion gas, and supplies the high-temperature combustion gas as a high-temperature gas to a rapid pyrolyzer The biomass carbonization apparatus as described in said (1) characterized by the above-mentioned.
(3) In the rapid pyrolyzer, the temperature of the pyrolysis part for pyrolyzing the powder biomass is set to 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis part is 1 second or more and 10 seconds. It is set so that it may become the following, The biomass carbonization apparatus as described in said (1) or (2) characterized by the above-mentioned.
(4) A powder biomass rapid pyrolysis step in which powder biomass is supplied to a rapid pyrolyzer to which a high temperature gas is supplied, and the powder biomass is pyrolyzed in the high temperature gas to generate tar; Carbide that forms a packed moving bed by supplying bulk biomass to a bed carbonization furnace, and supplies a high-temperature gas containing tar from the rapid pyrolyzer to the packed moving bed to carbonize the bulk biomass and tar to generate carbides The biomass carbonization method characterized by having a production | generation process.
(5) A partial combustion process in which a combustible gas is supplied from a packed moving bed carbonization furnace in a partial combustion furnace and partially burned to generate a high-temperature combustion gas; and a rapid pyrolyzer using the high-temperature combustion gas as a high-temperature gas And a high-temperature gas supply step of supplying to the biomass carbonization method according to (4) above.
(6) In the powder biomass rapid pyrolysis step, the temperature of the pyrolysis part for pyrolyzing the powder biomass is set to 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis part is 1 second. The biomass carbonization method according to the above (4) or (5), which is set to 10 seconds or less.

  By thermally decomposing powder biomass by the biomass carbonization apparatus and the biomass carbonization method of the present invention, a carbide can be obtained from biomass in a high yield.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the whole biomass carbonization apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the rapid pyrolyzer of the biomass carbonization apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the other whole structure of the biomass carbonization apparatus of this invention.

The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail below.
<Overall configuration of biomass carbonization equipment>
FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention.
Based on FIG. 1, the whole structure of the biomass carbonization apparatus of this invention is demonstrated.
The biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention includes a rapid pyrolyzer (1), a packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), and a partial combustion furnace (3).
The rapid pyrolyzer (1) is supplied with the powdery biomass (4) and the high-temperature gas (9) from the partial combustion furnace (3). In this rapid pyrolyzer (1), the powdery biomass (4) is It is heated by the hot gas (9) and pyrolyzed to produce tar.
The packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) is supplied with bulk biomass (5) from the upper part or the upper side part to form a packed moving bed (6). ) And hot gas (9) produced in step 1). While the bulk biomass (5) moves downward from the upper part to the lower part of the packed moving bed (6), it is heated and pyrolyzed by the high temperature gas (9), and carbide (11) is generated and discharged from the bottom. Tar is turned into carbide (11) in the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) and discharged from the bottom. Moreover, the generated gas (7) containing the combustible gas produced | generated by thermal decomposition is guide | induced to a partial combustion furnace (3) by the air supply apparatus (10) from the top part.
The generated gas (7) supplied to the partial combustion furnace (3) is partially burned by air (8) in the partial combustion furnace (3) to generate a high temperature gas (9). This hot gas (9) is sent to the rapid pyrolyzer (1).
Hereinafter, the rapid thermal cracker, the reaction temperature and reaction time in the rapid thermal cracker, the packed moving bed carbonization furnace, and the partial combustion furnace will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

<Rapid pyrolyzer>
A rapid pyrolyzer is a device that generates tar by rapidly pyrolyzing powdered biomass in a hot gas stream. A high-temperature gas (9) is supplied from the outside to the pyrolysis reaction part of the rapid pyrolyzer (1) to form a high-temperature gas stream, and powder biomass (4) is supplied to the high-temperature gas stream from the outside. And pyrolyzed to produce tar.
FIG. 2 shows an outline of the rapid pyrolyzer (1) of the present invention. The rapid pyrolyzer (1) is preferably a tubular device, and includes a hot gas supply port (20) for receiving the hot gas (9) and a powder biomass supply means (20) for receiving the powder biomass (4). 21) and a high-temperature gas discharge port (22) for blowing high-temperature gas containing tar generated by thermal decomposition into the lower part or the lower side part of the packed moving bed (6) of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2). . The hot gas outlet (22) is connected to the hot gas supply port (23) provided at the lower part or the lower part of the side of the charged moving bed carbonization furnace (2), or the hot gas outlet (22) is connected to the packed moving bed. It also serves as the hot gas supply port (23) of the carbonization furnace (2).
The rapid pyrolyzer (1) shown in FIG. 2 is provided obliquely downward with respect to the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), and the generated biomass is thermally decomposed efficiently in a high-temperature gas stream. Is supplied into the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) together with the high temperature gas. It goes without saying that the form of the rapid pyrolyzer (1) is not limited to that shown in FIG.

(Powder biomass supply means)
The powder biomass supply means includes a hopper that receives powder biomass, a rotary valve that cuts powder biomass at a predetermined supply amount, and a chute connected to a tubular device.
The powder biomass supply means is not limited to the one having the above-described configuration, and may be provided with a mechanism for conveying powder biomass by airflow and supplying it to the tubular device.

(Reaction in rapid pyrolyzer)
When biomass is rapidly heated to a certain temperature in an inert gas atmosphere and heated for a short time to undergo a thermal decomposition reaction, combustible gas, gaseous tar, liquid (mist) tar, and char are generated. Tar can be thought of as an intermediate product of the reaction in which biomass is pyrolyzed into gas and char. In order to increase the tar yield, it is necessary to use an in-air pyrolysis process that rapidly decomposes powdered biomass using sensible heat of gas as a rapid pyrolysis process of biomass. It is preferable because it is easy to control the reaction temperature and reaction time of the reaction. Here, the tar yield is the ratio (wt%) of the generated weight of tar to the dry weight of biomass raw material.

  If the atmosphere gas that undergoes the pyrolysis reaction of biomass contains a large amount of free oxygen, the combustion of the biomass occurs, a local high-temperature part is generated, and the gasification reaction of the biomass proceeds, resulting in the amount of tar produced. This is not preferable because the tar yield decreases and the tar yield decreases. Therefore, it is desirable that the oxygen concentration of the high-temperature gas sent as the atmospheric gas is 1 vol% or less (no oxygen or low oxygen).

In the tubular device of the rapid pyrolyzer, the hot gas flow rate is set in advance according to the cross-sectional area of the rapid pyrolyzer so that the flow of the hot gas desirably has a flow velocity that forms a turbulent flow or a transition zone flow.
As such a high-temperature gas having an oxygen concentration of 1 vol% or less, it is discharged from a packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) containing a combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of biomass in a packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) described later. It is preferable to use a high-temperature combustion gas generated by partially burning the combustible gas in the generated gas by supplying air in the partial combustion furnace (3) to be described later.

(Pyrolysis reaction temperature and reaction time)
The composition of pyrolysis products by rapid pyrolysis of powder biomass varies greatly depending on the pyrolysis reaction temperature and reaction time. This reaction time corresponds to the time during which the powdered biomass stays in the atmospheric gas that undergoes the thermal decomposition reaction.

  As described above, tar can be considered as an intermediate product of a reaction in which biomass is pyrolyzed into gas and char, and the tar is collected by terminating the ongoing pyrolysis reaction in a state of appropriate reaction progress. The rate can be maximized. The present inventors have found an appropriate range between the thermal decomposition reaction temperature and the reaction time as conditions under which tar can be obtained in a high yield by rapid pyrolysis reaction of powder biomass.

The pyrolysis reaction temperature is the atmospheric temperature of the pyrolysis section that pyrolyzes the powdered biomass in the rapid pyrolyzer and is the high temperature gas temperature.
In addition, the reaction time is almost the same as the residence time in which the biomass powder stays in the high-temperature gas stream of the rapid pyrolyzer. The residence time of the hot gas until it is discharged can be regarded as the reaction time.
Thermal pyrolysis temperature (temperature of the pyrolysis part) and reaction time (residence time staying in the pyrolysis part) at which tar can be obtained in high yield by rapid pyrolysis of powdered biomass with a rapid pyrolyzer The appropriate range of is listed below.

The temperature of the pyrolysis section for pyrolyzing the powdered biomass in the rapid bed pyrolyzer is 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis section is in the range of 1 second or more and 10 seconds or less. Preferably there is.
Appropriate ranges of the pyrolysis reaction temperature (temperature of the pyrolysis section) and the reaction time at which tar can be obtained in a high yield by rapid pyrolysis of powder biomass with a rapid pyrolyzer are as described above. However, in order to set the thermal decomposition reaction temperature within the above range, an appropriate range of the temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied to the thermal decomposition section and the reaction time is listed below.
The temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied to the pyrolysis section for pyrolyzing the powdered biomass in the rapid pyrolyzer is 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis section is 1 second or more 10 It is preferably in the range of seconds or less.

Regarding the pyrolysis reaction temperature (temperature of the pyrolysis part) and the temperature of the high-temperature gas, if the temperature is lower than the lower limit (400 ° C.), the progress of the pyrolysis reaction is insufficient, and the upper limit (700 ° C.) ) Higher, the pyrolysis reaction proceeds too much, resulting in increased gas production, and in either case, the yield of tar is reduced.
Next, regarding the reaction time, if the residence time during which the powder biomass in the rapid pyrolyzer stays in the pyrolysis portion is shorter than the lower limit (1 second), the progress of the pyrolysis reaction is insufficient, If it is longer than the above upper limit (10 seconds), the pyrolysis reaction proceeds too much and gas generation increases, and in either case, the yield of tar decreases.

(Example of powder biomass)
As a raw material of the powder biomass (4) supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer (1), palm palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), old palm palm trees (Trunk), palm palm shells ( PKS), biomass such as wood chips and rice husks.
The powdery biomass supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer (1) preferably has a particle size of 5 mm or less. Therefore, the biomass raw material is crushed and pulverized, and then classified by a sieve or the like, so that the particle size is 5 mm or less. A small particle size is preferably used as the powder biomass (4).

<Filling moving bed carbonization furnace>
The furnace type of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) in the present invention is a vertical furnace or a shaft type furnace, and a biomass raw material (bulk biomass (5)) is supplied from the upper part or side upper part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2). Then, a packed moving bed (6) is formed in the furnace and pyrolyzed while the bulk biomass (5) moves downward from the upper part to the lower part to produce carbide.
The hot gas containing tar is supplied from the rapid thermal cracker (1) from the lower part or the lower side part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), and the hot gas rises in the packed moving bed (6) of the carbonization furnace. . The hot gas (8) is circulated through the packed moving bed (6), and the hot biomass (5) is brought into contact with the bulk biomass (5) and heated. The supplied massive biomass is dried at the upper part of the packed moving bed to remove moisture, and in the process where the massive biomass descends from the upper part to the lower part of the packed moving bed, it is heated and pyrolyzed to come into contact with the carbide (9). Gas (7) is produced.
The carbide (9) is discharged from a carbide discharge port provided at the lower part or the lower part of the side of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2). As the carbide discharging means, it is preferable to cut out the carbide using a screw feeder. The generated gas (7) containing the combustible gas is discharged from the generated gas discharge port provided at the upper part or the upper side part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2).

(Tar reaction in packed moving bed)
The tar in the high temperature gas is accompanied by the high temperature gas and rises in the packed moving bed and is cooled in a relatively low temperature region above the packed moving bed. The gaseous tar condenses into a liquid tar and becomes a liquid (mist) tar. Agglomerates into lumps. The bulk tar descends in the packed moving bed without being accompanied by the high temperature gas, or adheres to the packed bulk biomass and falls in the packed moving bed. The lowered bulk tar is heated again at the lower part of the packed moving bed, and the volatile components are volatilized and become smaller. In this way, tar repeatedly rises and falls in the packed moving bed, and while heating and cooling are repeated, the thermal decomposition reaction and polymerization reaction of tar gradually progress, and part of the tar is converted to carbide.

(High temperature gas supply)
A nozzle for injecting hot gas (8) containing tar introduced from the rapid thermal cracker (1) is provided at the lower part or the lower part of the side of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2). It is preferable to provide a plurality of nozzles.

(Bulk biomass supply means)
As the supply means for supplying the bulk biomass (5) from the upper part or the lateral upper part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), natural fall by gravity or charging with a screw feeder can be used.

(Example of bulk biomass)
As the bulk biomass (5) supplied to the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), the palm palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), old palm palm trees (EFB), Trunk), palm palm shell (PKS) crushed and pulverized, and wood biomass, rice husk and other biomass.
Moreover, as a form of the biomass raw material supplied to the packed moving bed carbonization furnace, a form that does not hinder the high-temperature gas flow in the packed moving bed, that is, the particle size is mainly about 5 to 200 mm (90 wt% or more). It is preferable to make a lump of the size. For this reason, it is preferable to classify the biomass raw material with a sieve or the like and use a large particle size biomass larger than 5 mm as the bulk biomass.

(Temperature and atmosphere of packed moving bed carbonization furnace)
Adjusting the temperature and atmosphere of the packed moving bed (6) in the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2), the conditions of the high temperature gas (temperature, oxygen concentration, supply amount) and the conditions of the biomass raw material to be supplied (type, supply amount) To adjust each to a preferable range.
The temperature of the lower part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace is adjusted to 300 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower. If the temperature is lower than the lower limit (300 ° C.), the carbonization does not proceed sufficiently and the carbide yield decreases. In addition, if the temperature is higher than the above upper limit (700 ° C.), the pyrolysis reaction of biomass becomes a reaction that generates a lot of gas, and the yield of carbide is reduced. Is bulky.

The temperature of the upper part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace is adjusted to 70 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower. When the temperature is lower than the lower limit (70 ° C.), the drying of the biomass does not proceed sufficiently and moisture is not sufficiently discharged from the packed moving bed. Further, if the temperature is higher than the upper limit (200 ° C.), the biomass is thermally decomposed at the upper part of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace, excessive tar content is generated and discharged from the moving bed carbonization furnace together with the generated gas. Lower.
The oxygen concentration in the atmosphere in the packed moving bed carbonization furnace is preferably 1 vol% or less. If the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is higher than 1%, the biomass burns and is not thermally decomposed, resulting in a low carbide yield.

  In the pyrolysis and carbonization reaction of biomass in a packed moving bed carbonization furnace, gas is generated even under conditions that maximize the carbide yield. The main component of this generated gas is a combustible gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, etc. and has a calorific value as fuel, so this generated gas is sent to a partial combustion furnace, which will be described later, and air is supplied in this partial combustion furnace. It is desirable to use the high-temperature combustion gas generated by partial combustion as a high-temperature gas to be supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer.

<Partial combustion furnace>
The generated gas (7) containing the combustible gas generated in the packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) is guided to the partial combustion furnace (3), and air is supplied so that the air ratio becomes 1 or less with respect to the combustible gas. A high-temperature combustion gas of 500 to 1000 ° C. generated by combustion is used as a high-temperature gas (8) for supplying the rapid thermal cracker. Here, the air ratio refers to the ratio of the actually supplied air amount to the theoretical air amount necessary for combustion of the combustible gas.

<Integrated rapid pyrolyzer and partial combustion furnace>
FIG. 3 shows another overall configuration of the biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention.
Compared to the overall configuration of the biomass carbonization apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the overall configuration of the biomass carbonization apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is that the rapid pyrolyzer (1) and the partial combustion furnace (3) are integrated. Is different. A partial combustion furnace (3) configured to be integrated with a rapid thermal cracker (1) by an air supply device (10) by diverting a generated gas (7) containing a combustible gas generated in a packed moving bed carbonization furnace (2) ), The air is supplied to the combustible gas so that the air ratio is 1 or less, and partial combustion is performed, and the resulting high-temperature combustion gas of 500 to 1000 ° C. is supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer (1). Used as (9). As a form in which the rapid pyrolyzer and the partial combustion furnace are integrally formed, a structure in which the high temperature gas discharge port of the partial combustion furnace and the high temperature gas supply port of the rapid thermal cracker are directly connected may be used. A rapid pyrolysis zone where a partial combustion zone that receives supply of generated gas and air is provided in the cracker, and powder biomass is supplied into the high-temperature gas stream generated by partial combustion and rapidly pyrolyzed downstream of the partial combustion zone May be provided.

Examples of the present invention are shown below.
[Example 1]
The test was implemented using the biomass carbonization apparatus shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. The rapid pyrolyzer has a tubular shape with an inner diameter of 200 mm and a length of 2000 mm. The packed moving bed carbonization furnace has a vertical cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 300 mm and a height of 5000 mm. The height of the packed moving bed is 4000 mm. Is. PKS particles (10% moisture, 10% moisture, crushed as bulk biomass in a packed moving bed carbonization furnace were supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer as cedar sawdust (10% moisture, average particle size 1 mm) as powder biomass at a supply rate of 5 kg / hour. An average particle size of 10 mm) is supplied at a supply rate of 10 kg / hour, a high-temperature gas is supplied at a supply rate of 30 Nm ³ / hour to the rapid pyrolyzer, and the temperature in the rapid pyrolyzer is 600 ° C. The upper temperature of the carbonization furnace was adjusted to 100 ° C., and the lower temperature was adjusted to 550 ° C. to produce carbide.
The dry weight of the obtained carbide was 54 with respect to the supplied dry weight of cedar sawdust 50 and 100 dry weight of PKS particles. In the case of producing carbide by simply supplying PKS particles to the packed moving bed carbonization furnace, the dry weight of the carbide obtained from the PKS particle dry weight 100 was 40. Therefore, the carbide obtained from the dry weight 50 of cedar sawdust The dry weight of was 14. By performing carbonization treatment of powder biomass using the biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention, the yield of carbide from powder biomass could be 28%.
Moreover, since the dry bulk specific gravity of the carbide obtained by the biomass carbonization apparatus of the present invention is 0.29, which is a sufficiently large value, a carbide having excellent characteristics in handling can be obtained.

[Comparative Example 1]
In the biomass carbonization apparatus shown in FIG. 1, powder biomass is not supplied to the rapid pyrolyzer, and cedar sawdust (water 10%, average particle size 1 mm) is supplied to the packed moving bed carbonization furnace as powder biomass. The carbide conditions were adjusted by adjusting the temperature conditions of the packed moving bed carbonization furnace in the same manner as in Example 1. However, no gap was formed in which the high temperature gas was circulated in the packed moving bed, and carbide could not be obtained. It was.

  According to the biomass carbonization method of the present invention, powder biomass can be pyrolyzed to obtain a carbide used as an alternative material for coal and coke or an alternative material for activated carbon in a high yield, so that biological resources are effectively utilized. High industrial applicability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rapid thermal cracker 2 Packing moving bed carbonization furnace 3 Partial combustion furnace 4 Powder biomass 5 Bulk biomass 6 Packing moving bed 7 Generated gas 8 Air 9 High temperature gas 10 Air supply apparatus 11 Carbide 20 High temperature gas supply port 21 Powder biomass supply Means 22 Hot gas outlet 23 Hot gas supply port

Claims (6)

  A rapid pyrolyzer that pyrolyzes the supplied powdered biomass in high-temperature gas to generate tar, and a packed moving bed is formed by the supplied bulk biomass and receives the high-temperature gas containing tar from the rapid pyrolyzer. A biomass carbonization apparatus comprising: a packed moving bed carbonization furnace that carbonizes the bulk biomass and the tar to generate carbides.   Comprising a partial combustion furnace that receives a combustible gas from the packed moving bed carbonization furnace and partially burns it to generate a high-temperature combustion gas, and supplies the high-temperature combustion gas as a high-temperature gas to a rapid pyrolyzer The biomass carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is a biomass carbonization apparatus.   In the rapid pyrolyzer, the temperature of the pyrolysis part for pyrolyzing the powder biomass is set to 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis part is 1 second or more and 10 seconds or less. The biomass carbonization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biomass carbonization apparatus is set to be.   Powder biomass rapid pyrolysis step of supplying powder biomass to a rapid pyrolyzer supplied with high temperature gas, and pyrolyzing the powder biomass in the high temperature gas to produce tar, and packed moving bed carbonization furnace Supplying a bulk biomass to a packed moving bed, and supplying a high-temperature gas containing tar from a rapid pyrolyzer to the packed moving bed to carbonize the bulk biomass and the tar to generate a carbide; The biomass carbonization method characterized by having.   A partial combustion process in which a combustible gas is supplied from a packed moving bed carbonization furnace in a partial combustion furnace to partially burn this to generate a high-temperature combustion gas, and the high-temperature combustion gas is supplied to the rapid thermal cracker as a high-temperature gas. The biomass carbonization method according to claim 4, further comprising a high-temperature gas supply step.   In the powder biomass rapid pyrolysis step, the temperature of the pyrolysis part for pyrolyzing the powder biomass is set to 400 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less, and the residence time for the powder biomass to stay in the pyrolysis part is 1 second or more and 10 seconds. The biomass carbonization method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the biomass carbonization method is set as follows.

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